Geochemical and Geophysical Characteristics of Shallow Gases in the Deep Sea Sediments, Southwestern Ulleung Basin

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(1) , 36, 3 , 149-157, 2003 Econ. Environ. Geol., 36(3), 149-157, 2003.

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(4) . . . . Geochemical and Geophysical Characteristics of Shallow Gases in the Deep Sea Sediments, Southwestern Ulleung Basin Young-Joo Lee1, Donggeun Yoo1, Il-Soo Kim2* and Byong-Jae Ryu1 1. Petroleum Marine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Marine Resources, Gajeong-dong 30, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Korea 2 Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Shinchon-dong 134, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea Deep sea core samples were taken in the southwestern part of the Ulleung Basin in order to characterize the properties of shallow gases in the sediment. Amount of shallow gases in the sediments were calculated by head space techniques, and chemical and isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gases were analyzed. Geochemical analyses were carried out on the gas bearing sediments to find out relationship between natural gas contents and organic characteristics of the sediments. Seismic characteristics of shallow gases in the sediments were also examined in this study. The amount of the hydrocarbon gases in the sediments range from 0.01% to 11.25%. Calculation of volume of gas per volume of wet sediment varies from 0.1 to 82.0 ml HC/L wet sediment. Methane consists 98% of the total hydrocarbon gases except for two samples. Based on the methane content and isotopic composition(δ13C: -94.31‰ ~-55.50‰ ), the hydrocarbon gases from the sediments are generated from bacterial activities of methanogenic microbes. Contents of hydrocarbon gases are variable from site to site. Volume of shallow gases in the sediments shows no apparent trends vs. either characteristics of organic matter or particle sizes of the sediments. Gas concentration is high in the area of seismic anomalies such as blanking zone or chimney structures in the section. Physicochemically the pore water and the formation water systems are saturated with gases in these areas. Concentration of hydrocarbon gases in the sediments in these area shows favorable condition for generation of gas hydrate, as far as the other conditions are satisfied.. Ulleung Basin, headspace gas analysis, shallow gas, gas hydrate.

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(67) . Quantitative calculation of the hydrocarbon volume in the wet sediment, southwestern Ulleung Basin.. Sample Total Wt. No. (g) 1-118 1-518 2-186 2-586 3-400 3-575 4-400 4-800 5-400 5-800 6-400 6-800 7-400 7-800 8-400 8-800 9-400 9-800 10-400 10-800 11-400 11-800 12-400 12-800 13-400 13-800 14-400 14-800 15-400 15-800 16-400 16-800. 1091.59 1100 1102.27 935.2 1027.08 947.28 1053.53 1082.38 1038.22 1131.67 1085.71 1140.83 1117.64 989.43 927.36 1203.15 1049.12 980.52 1151.97 919.02 1097.26 1053.57 1109.31 1042.56 1220.71 937.02 948.25 1125.01 1043.74 1101.34 1058.54 919.95. Sample Wt. (g). Sample volume (ml). Space Pore water Sediment Sedient& volume volume volume pore water (ml) (ml) (ml) volume (ml). 631.59 640.00 642.27 475.2 567.08 487.28 593.53 622.38 578.22 671.67 625.71 680.83 657.64 529.43 467.36 743.15 589.12 520.52 691.97 459.02 637.26 593.57 649.31 582.56 760.71 477.02 488.25 665.01 583.74 641.34 598.54 459.95. 776.16 749.70 784.98 679.14 732.06 661.50 758.52 776.16 749.70 793.80 784.98 837.90 829.08 696.78 679.14 882.00 837.90 705.60 864.36 696.78 811.44 793.80 811.44 749.70 882.00 661.50 635.04 837.90 749.70 811.44 749.70 679.14. 282.24 308.7 273.42 379.26 326.34 396.9 299.88 282.24 308.7 264.6 273.42 220.5 229.32 361.62 379.26 176.4 220.5 352.8 194.04 361.62 246.96 264.6 246.96 308.7 176.4 396.9 423.36 220.5 308.7 246.96 308.7 379.26. 189.48 192.00 192.68 142.56 170.12 146.18 178.06 186.71 173.47 201.50 187.71 204.25 197.29 158.83 140.21 222.95 176.74 156.16 207.59 137.71 191.18 178.07 194.79 174.77 228.21 143.11 146.48 199.50 175.12 192.40 179.56 137.99. ^ cY< ST* lª ;O # @ = $ 1 + $

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(71). D. . 166.84 169.06 169.66 125.52 149.79 128.72 156.78 164.40 152.74 177.42 165.28 179.84 173.72 139.85 123.45 196.30 155.62 137.50 182.78 121.25 168.33 156.79 171.52 153.88 200.94 126.01 128.97 175.66 154.20 169.41 158.10 121.50. 476.16 449.70 484.98 379.14 432.06 361.50 458.52 476.16 449.70 493.80 484.98 537.90 529.08 396.78 379.14 582.00 537.90 405.60 564.36 396.78 511.44 493.80 511.44 449.70 582.00 361.50 335.04 537.90 449.70 511.44 449.70 379.14. HC gas (v%) 10.16 11.25 0.01 0.01 0.13 0.11 0.21 0.74 0.95 1.59 3.10 5.65 8.65 9.59 0.17 7.25 10.11 9.43 7.77 8.77 8.13 10.36 7.09 9.34 1.83 0.62 0.01 0.10 8.64 8.96 6.33 7.16. HC gas in Total HC sediment gas (ml) (ml/L) 28.68 34.73 0.03 0.04 0.42 0.44 0.63 2.09 2.93 4.21 8.48 12.46 19.84 34.68 0.64 12.79 22.29 33.27 15.08 31.71 20.08 27.41 17.51 28.83 3.23 2.46 0.04 0.22 26.67 22.13 19.54 27.16. 59.6 77.2 0.1 0.1 1.0 1.2 1.4 4.4 6.5 8.5 17.5 23.2 37.5 87.4 1.7 22.0 41.4 82.0 26.7 79.9 39.3 55.5 34.2 64.1 5.5 6.8 0.1 0.4 59.3 43.3 43.5 71.6. 1O 7* Z- QR^ < ST * . 11 [ - |#I\ .hF Ü<$ ° O ¦\ å H |#IF < ò² + u $ + F æ<¬ + i ò² ¡\ T°^ l ª + ÷_ æ? I_ `=* +,B O ò² + i1 F lªO S¾ ô\ 1 U í aT* JCb$ %& lª« QT* 1 X 9 $ * JCb 1 ^ cde # h+\ x j û + O O ¡\ +Z^ lª8 $ \ ["¾ \ T°^ lªE m $ &. . ++ 0 %+ *. ! (( +7+. . . +@. %"@. 2&0&"+@. . . .

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(73) . Geochemical analyses of the sediments from the southwestern Ulleung Basin.. Sample No.. Grain size (Mic.). 1-118 1-518 2-186 2-586 3-400 3-575 4-400 4-800 5-400 5-800 6-400 6-800 7-400 7-800 8-400 8-800 9-400 9-800 10-400 10-800 11-400 11-800 12-400 12-800 13-400 13-800 14-400 14-800 15-400 15-800 16-400 16-800. 4.971 4.419 6.442 6.846 6.661 6.538 8.311 7.6 9.125 6.605 5.917 8.339 7.231 5.365 6.012 6.899 5.385 7.608 4.799 4.723 4.584 5.838 7.672 6.439 7.524 9.542 0 6.846 9.972 10.138 11.908 11.648. Total Carbon (%) 3.94 1.65 2.24 2.28 2.35 2.14 4.30 3.63 5.13 1.46 2.87 2.65 4.02 2.52 2.54 3.35 2.63 1.66 2.60 2.76 2.54 2.60 2.43 1.14 2.39 2.31 6.27 3.20 3.06 2.99 2.83 3.11. Total Organic Carbon (%) 1.91 1.64 1.23 1.57 0.93 1.19 2.32 2.26 2.26 1.20 1.45 2.36 3.62 0.90 1.91 3.74 2.08 0.53 1.80 1.65 1.30 1.53 0.58 0.89 1.40 1.63 0.01 3.62 1.27 1.21 0.61 2.32. \ ["¾ fO ;^ ¡ lª û $ @ û \ f¾ O ¡\ T°^ lªO + <* |# g ³; I \ h $I\ |# ÏhF lªE. $ \ [" $I\ .hF 8 r<g ´ ÄO\ 01 h 34¾ Ô× ST* lª + \<g |#I\ $ # .h ò² + Ä#6 1\ +Z@ A ¢ ST* 6 ËÓl dg ¦ Æ O + F h$ %& + \ ¦71 #C O ³C« i³ 1:h² H 0%%@. >$ &. %. . . *1

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