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Effects of Freeze Molding on the Quality Characteristics of Alaska Pollock Theragra chalcogramma Surimi Snacks

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한수지 52(5), 445-451, 2019

445

Copyright © 2019 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science

pISSN:0374-8111, eISSN:2287-8815

Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 52(5),445-451,2019

Original Article

서 론

생선연육

(fish meat paste

또는

surimi)

어묵

,

게맛살등의 연제품의주원료로사용되고있는데

,

일반적으로생선연육 두부내장제거

,

채육

,

세척

,

탈수

,

분쇄동결변성방지 첨가를통해제조된다

(Park and Morrisey, 2000; Kim et al.,

2013).

제조된생선연육은품질향상을위해급속동결처리하여

냉동연육형태로유통되고있다

(Okazaki and Kimura, 2014).

다양한어종이생선연육의원료로이용되며

,

국내에서는명태 실꼬리돔연육이가장널리사용되고있다

.

일반적으로 래스카산명태연육은다른어종의연육에비해고가이며

,

연제품의원료로서품질특성이우수한것으로알려져

(Reed and Park, 2010).

명태연육은겔강도가뛰어나수산 가공식품제조탄력에높은영향을주며

,

고품질의백색도

동결성형이 명태(Theragra chalcogramma) 연육스낵의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향

채지연·정충은·김성희·문소현·김선봉·김영목·윤민석

1

·김진수

2

·이정석

3

·하성권

4

·권수정

4

· 양지나

4

·조승목*

부경대학교 식품공학과/식품연구소, 1한국식품연구원, 2경상대학교 해양식품생명의학과/해양산업연구소, 3경상대학교 수산식품산업화 기술지원

센터, 4(주)선해에프앤에스

Effects of Freeze Molding on the Quality Characteristics of Alaska Pollock Theragra chalcogramma Surimi Snacks

Jiyeon Chae, Chungeun Jeong, Seonghui Kim, Sohyun Mun, Seon-Bong Kim, Young-Mog Kim, Minseok Yoon1, Jin-Soo Kim2, Jung-Suck Lee3, Sung-Kwon Ha4, Sujeong Kwon4, Jina Yang4 and Suengmok Cho*

Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea

1Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea

2Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science/Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea

3Research Center for Industrial Development of Sseafood, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea

4Sunhae F&S Co., Ltd., Yeosu 59779, Korea

In the industrial production of fish snacks using frozen surimi, molding the surimi mixture requires an expensive automated machine. This study investigated the efficacy of freeze molding without machinery molding in the produc- tion of Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks. At 90 minutes after deep freezing at -80°C, the cutting ease and shape retention of the surimi mixture were superior. The freezing-molded surimi snack had a higher TVB-N (total volatile basic nitrogen) level (3.59 mg/100 g) than that (1.50 mg/100 g) of the normally molded surimi snack.

Freezing did not affect the microstructure of the surimi snack or its hardness, which is an important physical property of snack products. The freezing-molded and normally molded snacks did not differ significantly in terms of color or appearance, or in any other aspect of the sensory evaluation. Our findings demonstrate that freeze molding does not induce changes in the quality of surimi snacks. Therefore, molding by freezing treatment could be used to produce surimi snacks at small- and mid-sized seafood companies.

Key words: Fish snack, Surimi snack, Freeze molding, Quality, Microstructure

*Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 51. 629. 5833 Fax: +82. 51. 629. 5824 E-mail address: [email protected]

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received 19 July 2019; Revised 23 August 2019; Accepted 25 September 2019 저자 직위: 채지연(대학원생), 정충은(대학원생), 김성희(대학원생), 문소현(대 학원생), 김선봉(교수), 김영목(교수), 윤민석(연구원), 김진수(교수), 이정석(

교수), 하성권(공장장), 권수정(연구원), 양지나(연구원), 조승목(교수) https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2019.0445

Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 52(5), 445-451, October 2019

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채지연·정충은·김성희·문소현·김선봉·김영목·윤민석·김진수·이정석·하성권·권수정·양지나·조승목

446

가져게맛살고급어묵제품들에주로사용된다

(Martín- Sánchez et al., 2009).

최근국내동남아시아에서냉동연육 원료로스낵

(fish snack

또는

surimi snack)

다양하게 발되어판매되고있으며

,

연육을이용한스낵의품질특성조사 제조공정개발을위한연구도이루어지고있다

(Nurul et al., 2009; Omar et al., 2017; Nawaz et al., 2019).

연육스낵은대부 베트남산실꼬리돔또는잡어연육을원료로제조되는데

,

연육은가격이높아거의이용되고있지않은실정이다

.

국내 에서출시된연육스낵과태국

,

베트남동남아시아에서출시 연육스낵은상호간의수출입이활발하게이루어지고있을 만큼연육스낵시장은아시아를중심으로성장하는추세이다

.

연육스낵의가공공정은일반적으로

2

단계로구분할있다

.

냉동연육을해동하여부원료를첨가한원형등의특정형태 성형하고건조하는공정과건조한중간단계의반제품을 븐에굽거나또는유탕처리하여최종제품을생산하는공정이 있다

(Sampels, 2015; Omar et al., 2017).

특히

,

성형공정은 반적으로자동화된장치를이용하는데초기설비비가높고 특성상넓은공간을필요로하는단점을가진다

.

연구에서는자동화생산설비없이경제적인연육스낵을 조하기위하여특정형태로동결하여절단하는성형공정에 연구를수행하였다

.

이를통해고가의자동화된성형기없이 경제적으로연육스낵을제조할있을것으로기대된다

.

지만

,

주원료로사용되는냉동연육특성상다시동결처리를 경우단백질변성으로인한품질변화또는저하가일어날 이에대한검증이필요하다

(Kong et al., 2013).

따라서

,

구에서는연육스낵제조동결성형과일반성형의품질특성 비교하기위하여일반성분

,

휘발성염기질소

,

색도

,

경도 관능평가를실시하였으며

,

주사전자현미경

(scanning electron

microscope, SEM)

이용하여연육스낵의미세구조를조사하

였다

.

이를통하여연육스낵제조동결성형공정의제조가능 성을확인하고자하였다

.

고품질연육스낵을제조하기위해 료로명태냉동연육을사용하였으며

,

연육의등급은어묵처럼 탄력성있는겔을형성할필요가없는스낵의특성상

RA

제품 사용하였다

.

재료 및 방법

재료

주원료인명태

(Theragra chalcogramma)

냉동연육은알래스 카산

RA

등급이며

, ㈜

블루션

(Busan, Korea)

에서구입하여 용하였다

.

명태냉동연육은실험에사용되는동안

-80°C

온동결고

(CLN-42U, Nihon Freezer Co., Japan)

에서보관되 었다

.

팜유와베이킹파우더는

오뚜기

(Anyang, Korea)

에서

,

박력분과설탕은

㈜CJ

제일제당

(Seoul, Korea)

에서

,

식염은

사조해표

(Seoul, Korea)

에서

,

옥수수전분은

범아식품

(Bu-

cheon, Korea)

에서각각구입하여연육스낵의제조를위한

원료사용하였다

.

외에실험에사용된모든시약화학물질 분석등급을사용하였다

.

명태 연육스낵의 제조

명태연육스낵은동결성형또는일반성형공정으로구분되어 제조되었으며

,

제조공정을간략히설명하면우선명태냉동연

(57.5 g),

설탕

(6 g),

박력분

(2 g),

옥수수전분

(1.5 g),

소금

(1 g),

베이킹파우더

(1 g),

황태가루

(2.5 g),

정제수

(28.5 g)

일정 비율로

silent cutter (5 L, Goodprice Foodmachine Co., Korea)

넣고분쇄하면서혼합하였다

.

이때명태냉동연육을먼저

5

분간분쇄하고나머지부원료를

3

회에걸쳐나누어첨가함으 로써효율적으로균질화하였다

.

성형공정에있어서일반성형 실리콘받침판위에원형구멍

(

지름

3.5 cm)

가진

3 mm

두께의스테인리스성형틀을올려놓은

,

혼합된원료를주걱 으로발라서성형하였다

.

동결성형의경우혼합원료를지름

3.5 cm

low density polyethylene (LDPE)

재질의튜브에수작업 통해충진하였으며

, -80°C

심온동결고

(CLN-42U, Nihon Freezer Co., Japan)

에서

90

분간동결한

3 mm

두께로절단 하였다

.

50°C

조절된열풍건조기

(WFO-700, EYELA Co., Japan)

에서

6

시간동안건조시켰다

.

건조된원료를

180°C

튀김기

(BS-1820-DF, BSW Co., China)

에서

40

초간유탕 처리하여연육스낵을제조하였다

.

일반성분

일반성분분석은식품공전에제시되어있는방법에따라

,

분함량은 상압가열건조법

,

조단백질함량은

semimicro kjel- dahl

,

조지방함량은

soxhlet

,

조회분함량은건식회화법으 각각

3

반복측정하였다

(MFDS, 2019).

총 휘발성 염기질소

휘발성염기질소

(total volatile basic nitrogen, TVB-N)

측정은식품공전상의

conway

법을일부수정하여

3

반복

시하였다

(MFDS, 2019).

시료를분쇄하여

10 g

칭량한

,

류수

50 mL

첨가하여

30

분간교반하였다

.

교반원심분리

(1580R, LABOGENE Co., Korea)

이용하여

1,107 g

도로

10

분간용액을원심분리하였다

.

원심분리얻어지는 층액을여과시킨

5% H

2

SO

4이용하여

pH 4.5

보정하였

.

보정된용액을

100 mL

정용하고

,

이를

sample

용액으로 이용하였다

. Conway unit

내실에

0.01 N H

2

SO

4

1 mL,

양쪽 실에각각

sample

용액과포화

K

2

CO

3

1 mL

첨가하였다

.

Conway unit

클립으로고정한외실의용액들을만나게

25°C

에서

1

시간동안반응시켰다

.

반응이끝난다음내실에

brunswik

시약을방울첨가한

0.01 N NaOH

이용해

녹색이때까지적정하여

TVB-N

값을산출하였다

.

색도

시료에대한색도분석은색차계

(SP60, Lovibond Co., UK)

(3)

동결성형을 이용한 연육스낵 제조

447

이용하여

Hunter color

L (

명도

), a (

적색도

)

b (

황색도

)

값으로평가하였으며

,

무작위로선정된

5

개의

snack

앞면을 정한값을사용하였다

.

경도

연육스낵의 경도

(hardness)

측정은

rheometer (CR-100D, Sun Scientific Co., Ltd., Japan)

이용하였으며

,

측정 조건

mode 20, load cell 2 kg, penetration speed 120 mm/min, plunger diameter 5 mm (No. 2)

였다

(Ramesh et al., 2018).

작위로선정된

40

개의연육스낵을시료홀더에올려놓고경도 측정하였다

.

동결성형시 원료의 절단 특성

동결성형된스낵혼합원료의절단조건을찾기위해

-80°C

심온동결고

(CLN-42U, Nihon Freezer Co., Japan)

에서 동결

30

, 60

, 90

, 120

, 150

분까지

30

간격으로원료

,

절단용이성형태유지도를측정하였다

.

혼합원료의 도는적외선온도계

(GM-320, Wohnen Co., Korea)

측정하였

.

절단용이성은

slicer (V-SLICER VIOLI, Gefu Co., Ger-

many)

사용하여성인실험자가쉽게절단이가능하면

+++

,

절단이어려운경우

---

절단이불가능할경우는

NM (not

measured)

으로나타내었다

.

형태유지도는절단형태를

전히유지하면

+++,

형태가흐트러진경우는

---

원활한 단이불가능할경우

NM

으로나타내었다

.

명의실험자가 단시동일한힘을주었으며

,

육안을통해일관적으로

5

반복 하여평가하였다

.

주사전자현미경

연육스낵의표면미세구조를관찰하기위해주사전자현미경

(LV-SEM; JSM-6490LV, JEOL Ltd., Japan)

이용하였다

.

료는유지를제거하기위하여

90% petroleum ether

에서

24

침지완전히건조하였다

(Kawas and Moreira, 2001).

료를

1×0.5 cm

자른금으로도금하여전도성을갖게하였

.

주사전자현미경을사용하여가속전압

15 kV

관측하였다

. 관능평가

관능평가는부경대학교식품공학과식품화학실험실소속

22

세에서

27

사이의훈련된전문패널

11

(

남성

5

여성

6

)

구성하여수행되었으며

,

모든패널은맛에친숙되도록

1

개월간훈련되었다

.

관능적기호도의척도가되는외관

,

색도

,

,

전반적인기호성에대하여

5

단계평점법

(5,

아주좋음

; 4,

좋음

; 3,

보통

; 2,

싫음

; 1,

아주싫음

)

으로평가하였다

. 통계처리

측정된 값은 평균

±

표준편차로 표시하였으며

,

유의차는

SPSS

프로그램

(SPSS for windows 11.0, SPSS Inc., USA)

이용하여

one-way ANOVA-test (Duncan’s multiple range

test)

t-test

검정하였다

(P<0.05).

결과 및 고찰

동결성형 연육스낵 혼합원료의 절단 특성

동결성형공정에서동결처리적절한절단시점을알아보기 위하여동결혼합원료의절단특성을알아보았다

(Table 1).

30

혼합원료의온도는

4°C

측정되었으며

,

절단용이 성과형상유지도는동결이충분히이루어지지않아측정이 가능하였다

.

동결

60

혼합원료의온도는

0°C

절단용이 성은좋았으나

,

절단되는도중형상을유지하지못하였다

.

동결

90

혼합원료의온도는

-3°C

절단용이성도뛰어나고

,

과정에서형상을온전히유지하였다

.

동결

120

후에는

합원료의온도가

-15°C

까지떨어졌는데

,

절단형상의유지

도는우수하였으나너무단단히동결되어절단에어려움이 었다

.

마지막으로동결

150

후에는혼합원료의온도가

-28°C

절단자체가불가능하였다

.

이러한결과를통해재동결처리

-80°C

조건에서

90

분간동결절단하는것이생산비용 가공적성측면에서가장우수한것으로판단되었다

.

이러한 혼합원료의절단특성은혼합원료의수분함량원료특성에 크게영향을받기때문에혼합원료의조성이변화된다면최적 절단조건에대한재설정이이루어져야한다

(Hong et al., 1996;

Okamoto et al., 2005).

연구에서제조된동결성형연육스낵

90

분간동결절단하는조건을적용하였다

.

일반성분

동결성형일반성형연육스낵의일반성분조성을

Table 2

나타내었다

.

동결성형일반성형연육스낵의수분함량은

1.82%

2.94%,

조단백질함량은

34.25%

32.54%,

조지방 함량은

12.91%

15.36%,

회분함량은

5.30%

5.13%

타났다

.

조지방의경우동결성형연육스낵이일반성형연육스

낵에비해

2.4%

정도높은함량을나타내었다

.

동일한원료

배합비를가지고있음에도불구하고이러한결과가나타난 동결성형시혼합원료를충진하는과정에서기포가형성되어 유탕과정에서상대적으로많은기름이스낵내로침투하였

Table 1. Effects of freezing time on cutting properties of the Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi mixture

Parameters Freezing time (min)

30 60 90 120 150

Temperature (°C) 4 0 -3 -15 -28

Ease of cutting NM + + + + + - NM

Retention of shape NM + + + + + + NM

The Alaska pollock surimi mixture was frozen at deep freezer (-80°C). Evaluation scale: ‘- - -' (very poor) to ‘+ + +’ (very good).

NM, not measured.

(4)

채지연·정충은·김성희·문소현·김선봉·김영목·윤민석·김진수·이정석·하성권·권수정·양지나·조승목

448

때문으로판단된다

(Nurul et al., 2009; P; Noorakmar et al.,

2012).

이러한조지방함량의차이가연육스낵간의일반성

조성의차이에영향을미친것으로사료된다

.

수분함량은 반적으로스낵의바삭함같은조직감과매우밀접하게관련되 있다

(Srisawas and Jindal, 2003).

특히형태스낵의경우 낮은수분함량과바삭함을관련지어제조공정최적화에대한 연구가진행되어있다

(Sobukola et al., 2010).

동결성형연육스 낵의수분함량은일반성형연육스낵에비해

1.12%

높게나타 났다

.

유탕스낵의경우

,

일반적으로지방함량이높을수록 함량은낮아지는경향이나타나는데

(Debnath et al., 2003),

연구에서는이와는상반된결과를보였다

.

동결성형의경우 일반성형과달리동결된상태에서열풍건조되었는데

,

이러한 차이가그룹간의유탕수분함량의차이에영향을미쳤을 것으로사료된다

. Debnath et al. (2003)

유탕건조조건의 차이가스낵의수분함량에영향을준다는것을보고하였다

. Mazumder et al. (2007)

연구에따르면

,

스낵의수분함량이

4.5%

까지는바삭함이유지되지만이상으로수분함량이 가할경우관능적으로바삭함이감소되는경향을나타낸다

.

라서

,

연구에서일반성형동결성형연육스낵모두수분 량이

3%

이하로낮아바삭한식감을가질있는조건을가지 것으로나타났다

(Mazumder et al., 2007).

총 휘발성 염기질소(TVB-N)

TVB-N

신선한 원료에는없거나 미량함유되어 있는

분으로선도저하에따라생성되어 증가하는데

,

이러한특성 으로인해어패류의선도판정에주요한지표로널리이용되고 있다

(Lee et al., 2016).

동결성형 일반성형연육스낵의

반제품유탕완제품의

TVB-N

값을분석하였으며

,

주원

료인명태냉동연육과비교하였다

.

일반성형연육스낵의건조 반제품과유탕완제품의

TVB-N

값은각각

1.50 mg/100 g

1.50 mg/100 g

으로원료인명태냉동연육의

TVB-N

4.17 mg/100 g

비해낮게나타났다

(Fig. 1).

이는스낵을제조하 위해첨가되는전분등의부원료에의한희석효과때문으 사료된다

(Hwang et al., 2015).

동결성형연육스낵의건조 반제품유탕완제품의

TVB-N

값은각각

3.94 mg/100 g

3.59 mg/100 g

으로명태냉동연육보다는다소낮았지만일반

성형군에비해서는높게나타났다

. TVB-N

의한어류의품질

평가시일반적으로

5-10 mg/100 g

극히신선한어육

, 15-25 mg/100 g

보통선도의어육

, 30-40 mg/100 g

부패초기 어육

50 mg/100 g

이상인경우부패정도가심한어육으 판정한다

(Song et al., 2005).

따라서

,

동결성형연육스낵의

TVB-N

함량은극히신선한어육의기준에부합되는것으로

결처리는명태냉동연육을이용한스낵의선도에부정적인 향을주지않는것으로판단된다

.

Table 2. Proximate composition of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks

Sample Proximate composition (%)

Moisture Crude protein Crude lipid Crude ash

Normal molded surimi snack 1.82±0.02b 34.25±0.24a 12.91±0.07b 5.30±0.02a

Freeze molded surimi snack 2.94±0.02a 32.54±0.14b 15.36±0.28a 5.13±0.01b

The different letters mean significantly different (P<0.05).

Fig. 1. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) contents of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogram- ma surimi snacks. The different letters mean significantly different (P<0.05).

b b

a a

a

0 1 2 3 4 5

TVB-N (mg/100 g)

Normal molded products Frozen

Alaska pollock surimi

Dried semi-product

■ Fried final product

Freeze molded products

Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

a a

0 20 40 60 80 100

Hardness (N)

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛ 500 ㎛

50 ㎛ Dried semi-product

Fried final product

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500 Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

0 1 2 3 4 5

Appearance Overall acceptance

Color Aroma

Taste

Normal molded surimi snack Freeze molded surimi snack

*

*

Fig. 2. Hardness of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pol- lock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks. The different letters mean significantly different (P<0.05).

b b

a a

a

0 1 2 3 4 5

TVB-N (mg/100 g)

Normal molded products Frozen

Alaska pollock surimi

Dried semi-product

■ Fried final product

Freeze molded products

Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

a a

0 20 40 60 80 100

Hardness (N)

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛ 500 ㎛

50 ㎛ Dried semi-product

Fried final product

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500 Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

0 1 2 3 4 5

Appearance Overall acceptance

Color Aroma

Taste

Normal molded surimi snack Freeze molded surimi snack

*

*

(5)

동결성형을 이용한 연육스낵 제조

449

색도

색도는스낵제품의시각적기호도와밀접하게관련되어

때문에스낵의중요한품질속성하나이다

(Ahza et al.,

2015).

동결성형일반성형연육스낵의색도값과실제이미

지를

Table 3

나타내었다

.

일반성형연육스낵의

L (

명도

), a (

적색도

)

b (

황색도

)

각각

68.38, 11.94

33.83

이었고

,

결성형연육스낵은각각

69.81, 11.27

33.26

이었다

.

스낵 명도

,

적색도황색도의유의적인차이는없었으며

,

실제 이미지에서도육안으로차이를구분할없었다

.

경도 및 미세구조

경도는바삭함

(crispiness)

밀접하게관련된스낵제품의 중요한물리적특성이다

(Ramesh et al., 2018).

일반성형 동결성형연육스낵의경도는각각

53.3

55.5 N

으로통계적

으로유의적인차이가나타나지않았다

(Fig. 2).

이러한결과를

통해동결처리가냉동연육을이용한연육스낵의조직감에

의적인영향을미치지않는다는것을확인할있었다

. Kong

et al. (2013)

따르면명태연육은재동결처리과정에서단백

변성으로인해겔강도와같은물리적특성에대한품질저하 일어난다

.

하지만

,

연육을건조하여유탕시키는스낵의경우

어묵제조에서형성되는전형적인겔을형성하지않기때문에 이러한동결처리가스낵의물리적특성에는영향을미치지 것으로사료된다

.

식품의미세구조는조직감과밀접한관련이있다

(Ahza et al.,

Table 3. Hunter color values and appearance images of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogram- ma surimi snacks

Parameter Sample

Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded surimi snack

L 68.38±2.46a 69.81±1.20a

a 11.94±1.66a 11.27±0.96a

b 33.83±1.36a 33.26±1.31a

Front

Back

The different letters mean significantly different (P<0.05). L, light- ness; a, red/green value; b, blue/yellow value.

Fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of dried semi-product and fried final product for freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks.

b b

a a

a

0 1 2 3 4 5

TVB-N (mg/100 g)

Normal molded products Frozen

Alaska pollock surimi

Dried semi-product

■ Fried final product

Freeze molded products

Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

a a

0 20 40 60 80 100

Hardness (N)

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛ 500 ㎛

50 ㎛ Dried semi-product

Fried final product

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500 Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

0 1 2 3 4 5

Appearance Overall acceptance

Color Aroma

Taste

Normal molded surimi snack Freeze molded surimi snack

*

*

Fig. 4. Sensory evaluation of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks. Evaluation scale, 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). The asterisks mean signifi- cantly different (P<0.05).

b b

a a

a

0 1 2 3 4 5

TVB-N (mg/100 g)

Normal molded products Frozen

Alaska pollock surimi

Dried semi-product

■ Fried final product

Freeze molded products

Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

a a

0 20 40 60 80 100

Hardness (N)

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛

500 ㎛

50 ㎛ 500 ㎛

50 ㎛ Dried semi-product

Fried final product

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500

X50

X500 Normal molded

surimi snack Freeze molded

surimi snack

0 1 2 3 4 5

Appearance Overall acceptance

Color Aroma

Taste

Normal molded surimi snack Freeze molded surimi snack

*

*

(6)

채지연·정충은·김성희·문소현·김선봉·김영목·윤민석·김진수·이정석·하성권·권수정·양지나·조승목

450

2015).

일반성형 동결성형 연육스낵의 미세구조

(×50

×500)

주사전자현미경으로관찰하였다

(Fig.3).

건조반제품

표면의경우

,

동결성형군에서일반성형군에비해구멍이 성되었음을확인할있었다

.

이는동결성형시수작업을통한 혼합원료의충진과정에서생성된기포로판단된다

(Shiner and Brounstein, 1961).

기포에대한스낵간의물리적품질특성 유의적인차이가없어기포의생성이품질에영향을미칠 있는수준은아닌것을있었다

.

이러한기포들은유탕 지방함량기호성증대에기여했을것으로사료되며

,

유탕한 완제품에서는관찰되지않았다

.

유탕완제품의미세구조는 반제품과비교시유탕일반성형동결성형연육스낵간 미세구조는유의적인차이는관찰되지않았다

.

따라서경도 미세구조의실험결과를통하여동결처리가연육스낵의물리 적인특성에유의적인영향을주지않는것을확인할있었다

. 관능검사

일반성형 동결성형연육스낵에 대한관능검사

(5

평점

)

결과를

Fig. 4

나타내었다

.

일반성형동결성형연육스 낵의외관

(appearance)

대한기호도는각각

3.73

3.18

일반성형군이다소높게나타났지만유의적인차이는없었

.

(color)

경우일반성형군과동결성형군이각각

3.09

3.36

으로차이가나타나지않았는데

,

이는

Table 3

색도 이미지와동일한결과로사료된다

.

동결성형연육스낵은

(taste)

대한기호도가

3.73

으로일반성형군

3.05

비해 의적으로높게나타났다

.

이는동결성형연육스낵이일반성형 연육스낵에비해상대적으로높은지방함량을가지고있기 문으로사료된다

(Cha and Kim, 2009).

이러한맛에대한기호 차이로인해종합적인기호도역시동결성형군이일반성형 군에비해유의적으로높게나타났다

.

이러한결과를통해알래 스카산명태냉동연육을이용한스낵의관능적품질특성에 결처리가부정적인영향을끼치지않는다는것을있었다

.

사 사

논문은

2019

해양수산부재원으로해양수산과학기술진

흥원의지원을받아수행된연구임

(

해역별특성을고려한전통 수산가공식품개발상품화

).

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Cha MH and Kim YK. 2009. Elementary students' perception and behaviors relating to trans fatty acid. Korean J Food Cook Sci 25, 357-364.

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수치

Table 1. Effects of freezing time on cutting properties of the Alaska  pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi mixture
Table 2. Proximate composition of freeze molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma surimi snacks
Table 3. Hunter color values and appearance images of freeze  molded and normal molded Alaska pollock Theragra  chalcogram-ma surimi snacks

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