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(1)

 7 Z 4, pp. 704∼708

BaAlGe Ñ ÷ SrAlGe; c" e ­ Žä à Å- ày ¢ + s Ƕ  ¥8 ý „ ÇÊ Ý

™ »¦ 

POSTECH Ó ü t o † < Æõ , Ÿ í† ½ Ó 790-784

*

× <) o ® £

 â

 © œ@ /† < Ɠ § Ó ü t o “ §¹ ¢ ¤ õ , ”  Å Ò 660-701

(2012¸   5 Z 4 3{ 9  ~ à Î6 £ §, 2012¸   5 Z 4 29{ 9  à º& ñ ‘ : r ~ à Î6 £ §, 2012¸   7 Z 4 2{ 9  > F  S X ‰& ñ )

]

j{ 9 " é ¶ o  > í ß –~ ½ ÓZ O `  ¦ s 6   x # Œ Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   ½ + Ës  BaAlGeõ  SrAlGe_  „   ½ ¨› ¸\  p u   H ´ òõ \  ¦

ƒ

 ½ ¨ % i  . BaAlGe_   â Ä º \  -t  { ü <  © œI x 9 • ¸ è  H \  ` (>     t ë ß – SrAlGe\ " f  H Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸

 

½ + Ë_  % ò † ¾ Ós   Œ • . ¿ º Ó ü t| 9 \ " f ` …Ø Ôp  \  -t \  ¦ ”   „   [ þ t“ É r Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸  © œ  ñ Œ •6   x \  _ K   _ 

% ò

† ¾ Ó`  ¦ ~ à Ît  · ú § " f Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸  © œ  ñ Œ •6   x s  s  Ó ü t| 9 [ þ t _  œ í„  • ¸ $ í | 9 \  p u   H ´ òõ   H  Œ •`  ¦  כ s  l 

@ /  ) a  .

Ù þ

˜d ” # Q: œ í„  • ¸^ ‰, „   ½ ¨› ¸, ` …Ø Ôp €  , BaAlGe, SrAlGe, Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   ½ + Ë

Spin-orbit Coupling in BaAlGe and SrAlGe

Kyoo Kim

Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784

S. J. Youn

Department of Physics Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701 (Received 3 May 2012 : revised 29 May 2012 : accepted 2 July 2012)

The effects of spin-orbit coupling on the electronic structures of BaAlGe and SrAlGe have been studied by using a first-principles method. Although the energy band and the density of states of BaAlGe are noticeably changed by the spin-orbit coupling, those of SrAlGe change little. Because electrons with the Fermi energy are not affected by the spin-orbit coupling in both materials, the spin-orbit coupling has little effect on the superconducting properties of these materials.

PACS numbers: 74.20.Pq, 74.70.Ad, 71.20.-b

Keywords: Superconductor, Electronic structure, Fermi surface, BaAlGe, SrAlGe, Spin-orbit coupling

I. " e  ] Ø

MgB

2

\ " f œ í„  • ¸ ‰ & ³ © œs  µ 1 Ï|  ) a s Ê ê q 5 p w ô  Ç ½ ¨› ¸

\

 ¦ t €  " f  8 a % ~“ É r : £ ¤$ í `  ¦ ˜ Ðs   H œ í„  • ¸^ ‰\  ¦ ¹ 1 ÔÜ ¼ 9



 H ” ¸§ 4 s  ´ ú §s  e ” % 3 t ë ß – $ í / B N`  ¦  ¿ ºt  3 l w % i   [1].

E-mail: [email protected]

MgB

2

  H e ” > “ : r • ¸ 39 Ks  9 AlB

2

Ä »+ þ A_  ¹ ¢ ¤ y Œ •+ þ A ½ ¨

›

¸\  ¦ “ ¦ e ”  . ß ¼l    É r ¿ º > h_  \  -t  ç ß –  `  ¦ ° ú 

“

¦ e ”   [2]. MgB

2

_  œ í„  • ¸ ‰ & ³ © œ“ É r BCS s  : r`  ¦ : Ÿ x K 

"

f s K ½ + É Ã º e ” Ü ¼ 9, Ô  æ ™ è 8 £ x \ " f ”  1 l x   H E

2g

Ÿ í 7 H õ  „   [ þ t ç ß –_  „   -Ÿ í 7 H  © œ  ñ Œ •6   x s  ×  æ כ ¹ô  Ç % i ½ + É`  ¦ ô  Ç



 [3]. MgB

2

_  „   ½ ¨› ¸  H < É Êƒ  õ  q 5 p w  . Ñ ü t   ¹ ¢ ¤

-704-

(2)

y

Œ

•+ þ A ½ ¨› ¸\  ¦ “ ¦ e ” Ü ¼ 9  _  é ß –0 A[ jŸ í\  8> h_  „  



 e ”  . < É Êƒ  “ É r σ { ü < π {   _  ¢ - a„   >  G 0 >4 R e ”

“ ¦, π

{   H  _  q # Qe ” t ë ß –, MgB

2

\ " f  H Mg

2+

s “ : r õ

 π

{  „   [ þ t ç ß –_   © œ  ñ Œ •6   x Ü ¼– Ð “   # Œ π

{  „   [ þ t s

 < É Êƒ  ˜ Ð   8 ´ ú §s  G 0 >t “ ¦  © œ@ /& h Ü ¼– Ð σ{ \   H ‘   Â

Òì  r s  Ò q t|   . σ{ \ " f G 0 >t t  · ú §“ É r  Òì  r“ É r € ª œ_  Hall



© œÃ º\  ¦ Šғ ¦, Ÿ í 7 H õ _   © œ  ñ Œ •6   x s  & " f œ í„  • ¸ : £ ¤$ í `  ¦

 

& ñ f ±   H ×  æ כ ¹ô  Ç % i ½ + É`  ¦   H  כ Ü ¼– Ð · ú ˜ 9& ’  .

AlB

2

Ä »+ þ A_   Œ ™" é ¶ > (ternary)  o½ + ËÓ ü t œ í„  • ¸^ ‰– Ѝ  H CaAlSi õ  ° ú  “ É r Si  o½ + ËÓ ü t[ þ t \  @ /ô  Ç ƒ  ½ ¨ ŠҖ Ð s À Ò

#

Q4 R M ® o  . þ j   H \  Evans1 p x“ É r Si @ /’   Ge`  ¦ V , “ É r œ í„  

•

¸^ ‰_  ½ + Ë$ í `  ¦ ˜ Г ¦ % i   [4]. Õ ª×  æ \ " f BaAlGeü <

SrAlGe“ É r e ” > “ : r • ¸ y Œ •y Œ • 6.3 Kü < 6.7 K– Ð" f  Œ ™" é ¶ >  Ge



o½ + ËÓ ü t ×  æ \ " f e ” > “ : r • ¸  © œ Z  }  . Ge>   o½ + ËÓ ü t œ í

„

 • ¸^ ‰\  @ /ô  Ç z  ´+ « >õ  s  : r ƒ  ½ ¨  H s ] j r  Œ • é ß –> – Ð" f Evans 1 p x _  z  ´+ « > ƒ  ½ ¨ü < Younõ  Freeman [5]\  _ ô  Ç „   

½

¨› ¸ ƒ  ½ ¨ e ”  . Younõ  Freeman_  „   ½ ¨› ¸ ƒ  ½ ¨\ 

"

f  H Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   ½ + Ë(SOC)_  ´ òõ \  ¦ “ ¦ 9 t  · ú §“ ¦ „  



½ ¨› ¸\  ¦ > í ß – % i  . ‘ : r  7 Hë  H \ " f  H SOC  BaAlGeü <

SrAlGe _  „   ½ ¨› ¸\  p u   H % ò † ¾ Ó`  ¦ › ¸  % i  .

II. 4  ˜ mU ê s0 n É

\

 -t  { _  > í ß –“ É r ] j{ 9 " é ¶ o \ " f Ø  ¦ µ 1 Ïô  Ç FLAPW (Full-Potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave) ~ ½ ÓZ O `  ¦



6   x % i   [6,7]. „   [ þ t  s \   Œ •6   x   H “ § ¨ 8 Š-  © œ › ' a \ 



-t   H ² D G ™ èx 9 • ¸   H  (LDA, Local Density Approxima- tion)\  ¦  6   x % i   [8].     © œÃ º  H z  ´+ « >u  7 £ ¤ BaAlGe \ 

"

f a = 4.3512 ˚ A, c = 5.1401 ˚ A s “ ¦ SrAlGe\ " f  H a = 4.3043 ˚ A, c = 4.7407 ˚ A\  ¦  6   x % i   [4]. ` …Ø Ôp  \  -t 

–

РÒ'  Y O o  b  # Q4 R" f Ù þ ˜d ” (core)  © œI \   î  r Sr 4p ü <

Ge 3d C • ¸† < Êà º\  G 0 >”   „     H " é ¶    © œI – Ð  À Ò% 3  Ü

¼ 9, Ù þ ˜d ”   © œI ü < f ” “ §÷ &• ¸2 Ÿ ¤ % i   [9]. Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   

½

+ ˓ É r s    ì  rZ O \  _ ô  Ç [ O 1 l x ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼– Ð  ^ ‰Ø  æ7 á ¤ >  “ ¦



9 % i   [10].

‚

 ' Ÿ  ƒ  ½ ¨ [5]ü <_  { 9 › ' a$ í `  ¦ Ä »t  “ ¦ q “ §\  ¦ ~ 1 >   l

 0 A # Œ B > h  à º[ þ t“ É r ° ú  “ É r ° ú כ`  ¦  6   x % i  . 7 £ ¤ K

max

= 3.7, l

max

= 8`  ¦  6   x % i Ü ¼ 9, Ba(Sr), Ge, Al_  Q— 2 ;-

–

2 ; " é ¶  ì ø Í â R

M T

_  ° ú כ“ É r y Œ •y Œ • 2.6, 2.4, 2.2 a.u.`  ¦  6   x 

%

i  . % i     / B N ç ß –\ " f à ºu & h ì  r \   H Monkhorst-Pack _  :

£

¤ à º k-& h [ þ t`  ¦  6   x % i   H X < [11], 1 l x † < Êà º & h ì  r \ " f 11×11×11 è  HF K   ü <  © œI x 9 • ¸ & h ì  r \ " f  H 13×13×13 è

 HF K   \  ¦  6   x % i “ ¦, ‚  + þ A  €  ^ ‰ ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼– Ð & h ì  r 

%

i   [12]. z  ´] j “ ¦^ ‰  H ì ø ̈́   @ /g A$ í s  \ O t ë ß –, r ç ß – @ / g A$ í s  e ” Ü ¼Ù ¼– Ð % i     / B N ç ß –_  @ /g A$ í “ É r MgB

2

ü < ° ú   .

Fig. 1. Energy bands of BaAlGe (a)without and (b)with the spin-orbit coupling. Zero energy represents the Fermi energy.

III. + s Ç Ê Ý

"

é

¶      ñ  H Ba`  ¦ Ÿ í† < Ê “ ¦ e ” # Q" f Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   ½ + Ë s

 9 þ t  כ Ü ¼– Ð \ V © œ÷ &  H BaAlGe _  „   ½ ¨› ¸\  ¦ €  $  ˜ Ðs 

“

¦ s # Q" f SrAlGe_   â Ä º\  ¦ ˜ Ðs • ¸2 Ÿ ¤  ’ x .

1. BaAlGe8 ý ß O ˖ ¤

Figure 1“ É r SOC  (a)\ O `  ¦ M :ü < (b)e ” `  ¦ M : ` …Ø Ôp  \ 



-t  Šҁ  \ " f BaAlGe_  \  -t  { \  ¦ ˜ Ð# Œï  r  . \  -t  {

  H % i     / B N ç ß –_  @ /g A& h [ þ t`  ¦    Õ ª§ 4   H X < ‚ à Г ¦ë  H

‰

 ³ [5]_  í  H " f\  ¦  | à Û . −9 eV Â Ò   H \  Ge s C • ¸† < Êà º

\

 _ ô  Ç \  -t  {  e ” t ë ß – Fig. 1\  ³ ðr  t   H · ú §€ Œ ¤



. −5.8 eV\ " f −1 eV  s _  \  -t  {   H Al s, p

x,y

ü <

Ge p

x,y

C • ¸† < Êà º\  _ ô  Ç σ \  -t  { s  . œ í„  • ¸ $ í | 9 

“ É

r ` …Ø Ôp €  \  e ”   H „   [ þ t _  $ í | 9 \  _ K    & ñ ÷ &  H X <

Fig. 1(a) – РÒ'  4  P : \  -t {  ` …Ø Ôp €  `  ¦   & ñ 



 H  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  . ` …Ø Ôp €  “ É r ¿ º  Òì  r Ü ¼– Ð s À Ò# Q4 R e ”

  H X <, " é ¶: Ÿ x — ¸€ ª œ“    כ õ  Ø Ÿ s  — ¸€ ª œ“    כ Ü ¼– Ð  Ð ü t à º e ”

  [5]. " é ¶: Ÿ x — ¸€ ª œ ` …Ø Ôp €  “ É r Fig. 1(a) _  A-L-H-K ½ ¨ ç

ß –\ " f      H 4   \  -t  { – РÒ'  ë ß –[ þ t # Q& ’ Ü ¼ 9 Ba d

xy

ü < Al p

z

C • ¸† < Êà º– Ð s À Ò# Q4 R e ”  . Ø Ÿ s  — ¸€ ª œ ` …Ø Ô p

€  “ É r ½ ¨ç ß – K-“-M\  e ”   H W 1   P : \  -t  { \  _ K  Ò q t l

 9 Ba s, d

2z

ü < Al s, Ge s C • ¸† < Êà º[ þ t – Ð s À Ò# Q4 R e ” 



.

SOC K x 9 — : r m î ß –`  ¦ ç ß –é ß –ô  Ç + þ AI – Ð   ? /€   H

SOC

= ξ~l · ~ s – Ð j þ t à º e ”   H X < # Œl " f ξ  H SOC _  ß ¼l \  ¦   ? /



 H B > h  à º– Ð" f " é ¶  Ù þ ˜\  _ ô  Ç ( J $ ™[ > `  ¦ p ì  r ô  Ç Ê ê  © œ  

ñ Œ •6   x   H ¿ º „   _  C • ¸† < Êà ºü < † < Êa  Y  L ô  Ç  כ `  ¦ & h ì  r

# Œ % 3   H  . „    " é ¶  Ù þ ˜Ü ¼– РÒ'  Ö ¼z   H ( J $ ™[ > “ É r

"

é

¶      ñ 9 þ t à º2 Ÿ ¤ y © œK t Ù ¼– Ð " é ¶      ñ 9 þ t à º2 Ÿ ¤ SOC

(3)

Fig. 2. (Color online) Total and partial density of states of BaAlGe [(a)-(c)] without and [(d)-(f)] with the spin-orbit coupling.

Table 1. SOC overlap integral ξ in eV. M represents the Ba or Sr atom.

M d Al p Ge p

BaAlGe 0.065 0.019 0.185

SrAlGe 0.018 0.019 0.184

Fig. 3. (a) Energy bands of SrAlGe (a)without and (b)with the spin-orbit coupling. Zero energy represents the Fermi energy.

ì

 r o  ß ¼ . ~lõ  ~s  H C • ¸ü < Û ¼— 2 ; y Œ •î  r1 l x | ¾ Ó`  ¦    · p .

"

é

¶  _   â Ä º, SOC\  _ ô  Ç \  -t  ì  r o   H ∆E

SOC

= lξe ” 

`

 ¦ ˜ Ð{ 9  à º e ”   H X <, SOC ì  r o  C • ¸ y Œ •î  r1 l x | ¾ Ó\  q Y V

“ ¦, SOC B > h  à º ξ_  ß ¼l \  q Y V   H  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ” 



. “ ¦^ ‰_   â Ä º, ½ ¨$ í " é ¶  _  C • ¸† < Êà º \  -t  { _ 

1 l x † < Êà º\ " f t    H q Ö  ¦ \     SOC ì  r o   Ø Ô

>

 { 9 # Qè ß – .

Figure 1(b) ü < ° ú  s  SOC\  _ ô  Ç \  -t  { _  ì  r o   H H

&

h

   H % ƒ\ " f ß ¼>    è ß – . Õ ª×  æ \ " f H& h _  3  õ  4  

\

 -t  { \ " f SOC ì  r o   H  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  . # Œl " f

\

 -t  { _      ñ  H SOC \  _ K  \  -t  {  ì  r o ÷ &l 

„

 _   כ `  ¦ l ï  r Ü ¼– Ð % i  . H& h \ " f 4   { _  SOC ì  r o

  H 0.160 eV“  X < ŠҖ Ð Al p

z

ü < Ba d

xy

C • ¸† < Êà º– Ð s  À

Ò# Q& ’ Ü ¼ 9 Ge C • ¸† < Êà º– РÒ' _  l # Œ  H  _  \ O  . " é ¶



    ñ & " f SOC ì  r o \  ¦ ŠҖ Ð { 9 Ü ¼v   H Ba d C • ¸† < Ê Ã

º_   â Ä º, C • ¸y Œ •î  r1 l x | ¾ Ó € ª œ à º l = 2s “ ¦ Û ¼— 2 ; € ª œ à º



 H s = 1/2 s Ù ¼– Ð 8 ú x y Œ •î  r1 l x | ¾ Ó j = 3/2õ  j = 5/2s  ì  r o

  ) a  כ Ü ¼– Ð ^  ¦ à º e ”  . H& h \ " f 3   { _  SOC ì  r o 



 H 0.153 eV s  . 3  õ  4   \  -t  { _  SOC ì  r o   ) a ° ú כ

“

É r Table 1 \  e ”   H Ba d C • ¸† < Êà º_  ξ ° ú כ(0.065 eV)õ  " é ¶



  © œI \ " f SOC ì  r o  ∆E

SOC

= lξ = 0.130 eV“    כ Ü ¼

–

РÒ'  \ V © œ÷ &  H  כ õ  q 5 p w ô  Ç ß ¼l \  ¦ ”   . s – РÒ'  SOC ì  r o  ŠҖ Ð Ba\  _ K  { 9 # Q   H  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  .

Õ

ª  X < SOC ì  r o  ` …Ø Ôp  \  -t  ˜ Ð  ± ú “ É r \  -t \ 

"

f ŠҖ Ð { 9 # Q “ ¦ ` …Ø Ôp €  _  „   [ þ t“ É r SOC ì  r o   Œ •



. SOC ` …Ø Ôp €  _  — ¸€ ª œ\   H  _  % ò † ¾ Ó`  ¦ p u t  · ú §



 H  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  .

Figure 2  H SOC  \ O `  ¦ M : [(a)-(c)]ü < e ” `  ¦ M :[(d)-(f)]

BaAlGe _  „  ^ ‰  © œI x 9 • ¸ü < C • ¸Z >   Òì  r  © œI x 9 • ¸\  ¦ ˜ Ð

#

Œï  r  . Fig. 2(a)\ " f · ú ˜ à º e ” 1 p w s  SOC Ÿ í† < Ê÷ &t  · ú §

€

Œ

¤`  ¦ M :  © œI x 9 • ¸  H −1.6 eV ü < −0.28 eV\ " f ¶ ð7 á ¤ ô  ÇX <, Fig. 2(d) ü < ° ú  s  SOC\  _ K  s  4 Ÿ x Ä ºo [ þ t _  Z  } s  ± ú 



”   . SOC \ O `  ¦ M : −0.28 eV\  e ” ~   4 Ÿ x Ä ºo   H SOC

\

 _ K  ¿ º > h_  4 Ÿ x Ä ºo – Ð  * '# Q4 R" f SOC ´ òõ \  ¦  © œ

¸ ú

˜ ˜ Ð# Œï  r  . Fig. 2(e)ü < (f)– РÒ'  s  4 Ÿ x Ä ºo   H Al p

z

ü <

(4)

Fig. 4. (Color online) Total and partial ensity of states of SrAlGe [(a)-(c)] without and [(d)-(f)] with the spin-orbit coupling.

Ba d

xy

C • ¸† < Êà º_  ™ D ¥ ½ + ËÜ ¼– Ð s À Ò# Q”   ™ D ¥$ í C • ¸† < Êà º\  _

ô  Ç  כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  .

2. SrAlGe8 ý ß O ˖ ¤

Figure 3(a) \ " f · ú ˜ à º e ” 1 p w s  SrAlGe_  \  -t  {   H BaAlGe _   כ õ  q 5 p w  . −6 eVü < −1 eV  s \  e ” 



 H \  -t  {   H Al s, p

x,y

ü < Ge p

x,y

C • ¸† < Êà º\  _ ô  Ç σ \  -t  { s  . ½ ¨ç ß – H-K\ " f 4   \  -t  {   H Al p

z

C

• ¸† < Êà º Å Òכ ¹ $ í ì  r“  X <, BaAlGe\ " f @ /6 £ x ÷ &  H { ˜ Ð



  8  H ì  r í ß –`  ¦ ˜ Ð# ŒÅ ҍ  H  כ “ É r SrAlGe _      © œÃ º c

BaAlGe _   כ \  q K   Œ •l  M :ë  H s  . c  Œ • t €   Al p

z

C

• ¸† < Êà º[ þ t s  " f– Ð   u   H & ñ • ¸ & 4 R" f „   [ þ t s  ~ 1 

>

 `  …    u  ´ à º e ” l  M :ë  H s  . ` …Ø Ôp €  “ É r BaAlGe õ   H

² ú

˜o   – Ð s À Ò# Q4 R e ”   [5]. SrAlGe_  œ í„  • ¸ e ” > 

“

: r • ¸ BaAlGe˜ Ð  › ¸F K Z  }“ É r X < Õ ª כ “ É r  – Ð ƒ     ) a

`

…Ø Ôp €  Ü ¼– Ð “  K  ` …Ø Ôp  \  -t \ " f  © œI x 9 • ¸ Z  }  

”

   כ õ   Œ •“ É r     © œÃ º c– Ð “  K  „   -Ÿ í 7 H  © œ  ñ Œ •6   x s 

&

”    כ Ü ¼– РÒ'  s K ½ + É Ã º e ”  . 4   \  -t  {   H A-L- H-K ½ ¨ç ß –\ " f Sr d

xy

ü < Al p

z

C • ¸† < Êà º– Ð s À Ò# Q4 R e ” 

“

¦, K-Γ-M ½ ¨ç ß –\ " f  H Sr s, d

2z

ü < Al s, Ge s C • ¸† < Êà º[ þ t

–

Ð ½ ¨$ í ÷ &# Q e ”  .

Figure 3(b) ü < ° ú  s  SrAlGe\ " f• ¸ SOC ì  r o   H H& h 



 H % ƒ\ " f ß ¼t ë ß – „  ^ ‰& h Ü ¼– Ð BaAlGe\  q K   Œ • . s 

 כ

“ É r SrAlGe _  ½ ¨$ í " é ¶ ™ è×  æ \ " f Sr_  " é ¶      ñ  © œ ß

¼t ë ß – Table 1\     · p  כ % ƒ! 3  SOC B > h  à º_  ß ¼ l

 Ba\  q K   s `›    Œ •l  M :ë  H s  .   " f SrAlGe\ 

"

f SOC ì  r o   H Al p õ  Ge p C • ¸† < Êà º\  _ K  { 9 # Q 



 H X < s  C • ¸† < Êà º[ þ t“ É r BaAlGe \ • ¸ Ÿ í† < Ê÷ &# Q e ” Ü ¼Ù ¼– Ð

¿

º Ó ü t| 9 \ " f q 5 p w ô  Ç ì  r o \  ¦ ˜ Г   . BaAlGeõ   ð ø Í

t

– Ð ` …Ø Ôp €  \ " f SOC\  _ ô  Ç \  -t  {  ì  r o   Œ • 

"

f ` …Ø Ôp €  _  — ¸€ ª œs  SOC\  _ K  % ò † ¾ Ó`  ¦ ~ à Ît  · ú §  H  .

Figure 4 \   H SOC  \ O `  ¦ M :[(a)-(c)]ü < e ” `  ¦ M :[(d)-(f)]

SrAlGe _  „  ^ ‰  © œI x 9 • ¸ü < C • ¸† < Êà º Z > – Ð Â Òì  r  © œI x 9 

•

¸\  ¦ ˜ Ð# Œï  r  . SrAlGe\ " f SOC\  _ ô  Ç  © œI x 9 • ¸_    



o  H BaAlGe \  q K   Œ •t ë ß – Y > t  : £ ¤f ç & h “      o\  ¦

¹

1 Ô`  ¦ à º e ”  . Fig. 4(e)\ " f Ge p

z

C • ¸† < Êà º\  _ ô  Ç Â Ò ì

 r  © œI x 9 • ¸\  ¦ ¶ ú ˜( R˜ Ѐ   SOC\  _ K  −2 eV   H % ƒ\   Œ •

“ É

r 4 Ÿ x Ä ºo  Ò q t|    כ `  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  . Fig. 4(c)\ " f  H 1.6 eV ü < 2.2 eV\  y Œ •y Œ • Sr d

2z

ü < d

xy

C • ¸† < Êà º\  _ ô  Ç 4 Ÿ x Ä ºo 

 e ” % 3 t ë ß – 4(f)\ " f SOC\  _ K  4 Ÿ x Ä ºo  ± ú  ”    כ s

 è  H \  {   H    os  . SOC \ O `  ¦ M :  % i ~   \  - t

 {  SOC\  _ K  Ñ ü t – Ð ì  r o ÷ &€  " f Ò q t|    כ s  .

IV. + s Ç Â ] Ø

]

j{ 9  " é ¶ o  ~ ½ ÓZ O `  ¦ + ‹" f Û ¼— 2 ;-C • ¸   ½ + Ës  BaAlGeõ  SrAlGe _  „   ½ ¨› ¸\  p u   H % ò † ¾ Ó`  ¦ › ¸  % i  .

BaAlGe ü < SrAlGe — ¸¿ º SOC ´ òõ  H& h  Â Ò   H \ " f  H

 כ

`  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ” % 3  . % i     / B N ç ß –_  H& h \ " f 3  õ  4  

\

 -t  { _  SOC ì  r o   H  כ “ É r s [ þ t \  -t  { [ þ t s 

Ba d C • ¸† < Êà º\  ¦ ´ ú §s  Ÿ í† < Ê “ ¦ e ” l  M :ë  H s  .  © œI x 9 

(5)

•

¸_     o  H BaAlGe \ " f ì  r" î >       H X <, SOC

\ O

`  ¦ M : −0.28 eV\  e ” ~    _  4 Ÿ x Ä ºo  SOC\  _ K 

¿

º > h– Ð ì  r o   ) a  . ¿ º Ó ü t| 9  — ¸¿ º ` …Ø Ôp  \  -t \ " f SOC ì

 r o  & h # Q" f ` …Ø Ôp €  s  SOC\  _ K " f  _  % ò † ¾ Ó`  ¦

~ Ã

Ît  · ú §`  ¦  כ s  l @ /  ) a  .

Y

c p w Š à U Ø ”  ô

[1] J. Nagamatsu, N. Nakagawa, Y. Zenitani and J.

Akimitsu, Nature (London) 410, 63 (2001).

[2] J. M. An and W. E. Pickett, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4366 (2001).

[3] H. J. Choi, D. Roundy, H. Sun, M. L. Cohen and S.

G. Louie, Nature (London) 418, 758 (2002).

[4] M. J. Evans, Y. Wu, V. F. Kranak, N. Newman, A. Reller, E. J. Garcia-Garcia and U. H¨ aussermann, Phys. Rev. B 80, 064514 (2009).

[5] S. J. Youn and A. J. Freeman, Physica C 476, 54 (2012).

[6] E. Wimmer, H. Krakauer, M. Weinert and A. J.

Freeman, Phys. Rev. B. 24, 864 (1981).

[7] M. Weinert, E. Wimmer and A. J. Freeman, Phys.

Rev. B. 26, 3571 (1982).

[8] L. Hedin and B. I. Lundqvist, J. Phys. C. 4, 2064 (1971).

[9] M. Weinert, G. Schneider, R. Podloucky and J.

Redinger, J. Phys.: Cond. Matt. 21, 084201 (2009).

[10] A. H. MacDonald, W. E. Pickett and D. D. Koelling, J. Phys. C 13, 2675 (1980).

[11] H. J. Monkhorst and J. D. Pack, Phys. Rev. B 13, 5188 (1976).

[12] P. E. Bl¨ ochl, O. Jepsen and O. K. Andersen, Phys.

Rev. B 49, 16223 (1994).

수치

Fig. 1. Energy bands of BaAlGe (a)without and (b)with the spin-orbit coupling. Zero energy represents the Fermi energy
Table 1. SOC overlap integral ξ in eV. M represents the Ba or Sr atom.
Fig. 4. (Color online) Total and partial ensity of states of SrAlGe [(a)-(c)] without and [(d)-(f)] with the spin-orbit coupling

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