Species Composition and Distribution of Trammel Net Catches in the Coastal Waters of Gangwon Province, Korea

Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6),945-959,2014

한수지 47(6), 945-959, 2014

Original Article

945

Copyright © 2014 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science pISSN:0374-8111, eISSN:2287-8815

서 론

동해는북한한류가대륙붕연안을따라남하하고남쪽에서고 온고염의대마난류가대한해협을통해유입되어약

37°N

부근 에서강한수온전선이형성되어기초생산력이높고다양한먹 이생물이번식하면서동해수산자원의중요한어장과성육장 역할을하는중요한해역이다

(Kawai, 1991).

^{또한수심이깊고} 해안선이단조로운해양환경적특성을가진연안역은수많은

해양생물의산란과성육장으로이용되고있어어장으로서가 치가매우높은곳이다

(Chun et al., 2004).

강원도연안을북부인속초와남부인동해를조사해역으로구 분하였는데

,

강원북부해역은북한연안을따라내려오는저온 저염의북한한류의영향을크게받으며

, 100 m

^{이후수심이급} 격하게깊어지는지형적특성이있고상대적으로강원남부지 역에비해니질퇴적물의분포범위가좁은특징을가지고있다

(Choi et al., 2012).

^{반면강원남부해역은표층과중층은북상}

강원 연안에서 삼중자망에 의한 어획물의 종조성 및 분포특성

손명호·윤병선*·박정호·최영민 ¹ ·양재형 ²

국립수산과학원 동해수산연구소, ¹서해수산연구소, ²독도수산연구센터

Species Composition and Distribution of Trammel Net Catches in the Coastal Waters of Gangwon Province, Korea

Myoung Ho Sohn, Byoung Sun Yoon*, Jeong-Ho Park, Young Min Choi

¹

and Jae Hyeong Yang

²

Fisheries Resources and Environment Division, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Gangnung 210-861, Korea

1

Fisheries Resources and Environment Division, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Incheon 400-420, Korea

2

Dokdo Fisheries Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Pohang 791-110, Korea This study was conducted to provide basic data for optimal fisheries management through the accurate understand- ing the catches, fishing level, species composition, distribution characteristics and fisheries status of trammel net in Gangwon Province. As the results of trammel net survey, Pisces were collected 77 species, 1,983.0 kg, Crustacea 9 species, 569.0 kg, Cephalopoda 5 species, 75.3 kg, Gastropoda 12 species, 16.5 kg in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Pisces 55 species, 3,681.5 kg, Crustacea 6 species, 2,229.8 kg, Gastropoda 10 species, 72.8 kg, Cephalopoda 4 species, 10.1 kg in the coastal waters of Donghae, respectively. The catches of important species with season and depths showed that the main target species is Pleuronectidae spp. at all depth and Aptocyclus ventricosus at <100 m in Sokcho, Liparis spp. and Dasycottus setiger at 200-500 m in Donghae, respectively. The mean total length (cm) of Gadus macrocephalus and Aptocyclus ventricosus didn’t appear significant difference, but the mean total length of Pleuronectidae spp., Liparis spp. and D. setiger in Donghae is bigger than in Sokcho. From the cluster and MDS analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity matrix of fourth root transformed, catches data of dominant species in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae was divided into three different groups of the demersal organisms community in 12 survey of Donghae (Group A) and Jul., Oct.-Dec. survey of Sokcho (Group B) and Jan.-Jun. and Aug.-Sep.

survey of Sokcho (Group C).

Key words: Trammel net, Species composition, Distribution characteristics, Similarity index, SIMPER analysis

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2014.0945 Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6) 945-959, December 2014

Received 21 November 2014; Revised 17 December 2014; Accepted 17 December 2014

*Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 33. 660. 8565 Fax: +82. 33. 661. 8513

E-mail address: [email protected]

하는동한난류

,

^{저층은북한한류의영향을받는것으로알려져} 있으며강원북부에비해수심의변화가적고니질퇴적물이넓 게분포하는특징을가지고있어해양환경적특성에서차이를 보인다

(Kim and Kim, 1983).

삼중자망은 홑자망과는달리그물코가 큰

2

^{장의외망과그} 물코가작은

1

^{장의내망으로구성된어구이며}

,

^{홑자망에서어} 획되기어려운어종이나갑각류뿐만아니라자치어를포함한 크고작은여러대상생물을동시에어획하는기능을가지고 있다

.

삼중자망어업은자원보호적인측면에서일부해역과특 정어종을제외하고는법적으로허가가금지된어구이지만강 원도전체어선어업의약

38%

^인

980

^{여척이관행적으로조업} 하고있는생계형어업으로알려져있다

(Kim and Lee, 2012;

Choi et al, 2012).

^{삼중자망에의해주로어획되는어종은대} 구

(Gadus macrocephalus),

꼼치류

(Liparis spp.),

뚝지

(Aptocy- clus ventricosus),

가자미류

(Pleuronectidae spp.),

^{고무꺽정이}

(Dasycottus setiger),

^벌레문치

(Lycodes tanakae)

^{로연안에서}

수심

500 m

까지다양한수심에서조업을실시하고있다

.

현재까지우리나라에서수행된삼중자망에관한연구로는삼 천포신수도연안천해어류군집의구조

(Kim and Kang, 1991),

가자미망목선택성

(Kim and Lee, 2002),

^{서대의망목선택성} 에관한연구

(Cho et al., 2000),

^{동해흥해연안어류의종조성}

(Hwang et al., 1997),

삼중자망어업의합법적인조업등에관 한연구

(Yoo et al., 2001),

^{어획특성과혼획및투기현황}

(Bae et al., 2010)

등이대표적이다

.

본연구는강원도해역을북부와남부로구분하여각해역의 해양특성에따른어류의종조성및계절별

,

^{수심별서식분포특} 성의차이를파악하는데주목적이있으며

,

또한

,

향후삼중자 망어업이주요대상자원에미치는영향을분석하고합리적자 원관리방안을모색하기위한기초자료를제공하기위하여수 행되었다

.

재료 및 방법

강원도연안을북부해역인속초와남부해역인동해를구분하 여

, 2011

^년

12

^월부터

2012

^년

11

^월까지

12

^{개월동안각해역별} 로

3

^척씩총

6

^{척의삼중자망어업어선을이용하여월}

1

^회씩승 선조사를실시하였다

(Fig. 1).

본조사에서사용된어구의크기는폭당

70 m,

높이

2 m,

외 망망목

200 mm,

^내망망목

95 mm

^였으며

,

^{승선조사시투망위} 치의위

·

^경도

,

^투망폭수

,

^{투망수심등을기록하였다}

.

^채집된생 물전량을즉시실험실로 운반하여동정

,

^{분류하였고}

,

^채집된 어류의체장은

0.1 cm

^{단위까지중량은}

1.0 g

^{단위까지 측정} 하였다

.

어류동정은

Kim et al. (2005),

갑각류는

Kim (1973, 1977)

^과

NFRDI (2001)

^{그리고연체동물은}

Min et al. (2004)

을참고하였다

.

강원도삼중자망에출현한전체수산생물을어류

,

^갑각류

,

^두 족류

,

^{복족류및기타의}

5

^{개분류군으로구분하여해역}

,

^계절

,

^수

심에따른분포특성을분석하였으며

,

^{삼중자망의주요어획대} 상종인대구

,

꼼치류

,

뚝지

,

가자미류

,

고무꺽정이

,

벌레문치의

6

^{종은종별로수심별}

,

^{계절별분포특성을분석하였다}

.

수심별

,

^{계절별자원분포의특성을조사하기위하여해역별} 로

100 m

^이천

, 100-200 m, 200-300 m, 300-500 m

^까지의

4

^개 수심을설정하고삼중자망어구를설치하여조사를수행하였으 며

,

출현종의중량은

10

폭을기준으로환산하여분석하였다

.

월 별조사자료는계절별분석을위하여봄

(4-6

^월

),

^여름

(7-9

^월

),

가을

(10-12

^월

),

^겨울

(1-3

^월

)

^{로구분하였다}

.

속초와동해에서어획되는주요

6

^{종의수심과지역별출현의} 유사성을 분석하기위하여월별

,

^해역별

,

^{수심별로어획된어} 획량을바탕으로유사도분석을실시하였으며

,

분석시생물자

료간의편중을피하기위하여모든자료는

fourth root

^로변환

하였고

Bray-Curtis

^지수

(Bray and Curtis, 1957)

^{를사용하여} 유사도를

percentage (%)

^{로나타내었다}

.

^{군집분석을실시할때} 그룹간의연결방식에는

complete linkage

^{를사용하였으며}

,

^그

룹간유사도를바탕으로수지도

(Dendrogram)

와다차원척도법

(non-metric multidimensional scaling, MDS)

^{을 이용하여집} 괴분석

(Cluster analysis)

^{을실시하였다}

.

^{군집분석결과분리된} 정점군간의생물군집차이를유발하는종을분석하고이들이

군집의차이에기여하는정도를파악하기위하여

SIMPER

^분

석을실시하였으며

,

분석에는

PRIMER v6 statistical package

를이용하였다

(Clarke and Gorley, 2001).

^{또한속초와동해에} 서월별종수와어획량의차이를비교하기위해

paired t-test

^를 수행하였고

,

^{계절별어획량의변동과주요우점종의평균체장} 비교를위해

t-test

^{분석을실시하였으며}

,

^{통계프로그램은}

SPSS V.14

을이용하였다

.

Month

Jan. Mar. May Jul. Sep. Nov.

Catch (kg)

400 300 200 100 0

Number of Species

60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Sokcho Donghae

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m 3,000

2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae 128°40'

38°10'

38°00'

37°50'

37°40'

37°30'

129°00'

East sea

129°20'

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 1. Map showing the trammel net survey area in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae in Gangwon Province of Korea.

삼중자망 어획물의 종조성 및 분포특성

947

결 과

해역별 월별 출현종 및 어획량

강원해역을북부인속초와남부인동해로구분하여월별로삼 중자망어획시험조사를실시한결과

(Table 1),

^{속초에서는총}

20

^목

, 45

^과

, 108

^종

, 2,697.8 kg

^{이어획되었고}

,

^{동해에서는}

18

^목

, 36

^과

, 78

^종

, 5,997.3 kg

^{이어획되어상대적으로속초에서많은} 출현종수를나타냈다

(paired t-test, P=0.004).

분류군별종수와 어획량은속초에서어류가

77

^종

, 1,983.0 kg

^{으로가장많이어} 획되었고

,

^{다음으로갑각류}

9

^종

, 569.0 kg,

^두족류

5

^종

, 75.3 kg,

복족류

12

^종

, 16.5 kg,

^기타

5

^종

54.0 kg

^{의순이었다}

.

^동해에서 는어류가

55

^종

, 3,681.5 kg

^{로가장많이어획되었고}

,

^다음으로 갑각류

6

종

, 2,229.8 kg,

복족류

10

종

, 72.8 kg,

두족류

4

종

, 10.1 kg,

^기타

3

^종

, 3.3 kg

^{의순으로각각어획되었다}

.

출현종수의월별변화를보면

,

^{속초에서는}

9

^월에

51

^종으로가 장많은종수가출현하였고

, 12

^월에

18

^{종으로가장적은종수} 를보였다

.

^{동해에서는}

2

^월에

33

^{종으로가장많은종수가출현} 하였고

, 1

월과

6

월에각각

22

종으로가장적은종수를나타내 었다

(Fig. 2).

월별어획량의평균은속초

112.6 kg,

^동해

166.6 kg

^으로동해 의어획량이많은것으로나타났으며

(paired t-test, P=0.003),

속초의월별어획량의변동을살펴보면

10

^월에

176.6 kg

^으로

가장높았고

5

월에

51.3 kg

으로가장낮았으며

,

동해는

10

월에

273.1 kg

^{으로가장높았고}

2

^월에

42.6 kg

^{으로가장낮은어획} 량을보였다

(Fig. 2).

계절별 어획량 변동

어류의계절별어획량변동을보면

,

^{속초는평균}

674.4 kg,

^동 해는평균

1499.0 kg

으로동해에서어획량이더많았고

(t-test, P=0.034),

속초에서는가을

(10-12

^월

)

^에

667.3 kg

^{으로어획량} 이가장많았고

,

다음으로겨울

(1-3

월

) 607.4 kg,

여름

(7-9

월

) 420.2 kg

^{의순이었으며}

,

^봄

(4-6

^월

)

^에

288.1 kg

^{으로가장적었} 다

.

^{동해는여름에}

1,361.4 kg

^{으로가장많았고}

,

^{다음으로겨울}

1,124.7 kg,

봄

867.0 kg

의순이었으며겨울에

328.4 kg

으로가 장적었다

(Fig. 3).

주요우점종의계절별어획량변동을보면

,

속초에서는가자

미류가평균

248.8 kg

^{으로모든계절동안비교적높은어획량을}

보였고

,

^{꼼치류는여름에}

115.2 kg,

^{뚝지는가을철에}

250.0kg

^으 로높은어획량을보이는것으로나타났다

.

동해에서는속초에 비해가자미류의어획량이평균

92.9 kg

^{으로적었던반면꼼치} 류가평균

382.3 kg

으로매우높은어획량을보였는데

,

특히여

Month

Jan. Mar. May Jul. Sep. Nov.

Catch (kg)

400 300 200 100 0

Number of Species

60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Sokcho Donghae

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m 3,000

2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae 128°40'

38°10'

38°00'

37°50'

37°40'

37°30'

129°00'

East sea

129°20'

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 2. Monthly variation of species number (upper) and catch (lower) collected by trammel net in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae in Gangwon Province of Korea.

Month

Jan. Mar. May Jul. Sep. Nov.

Catch (kg)

400 300 200 100 0

Number of Species

60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Sokcho Donghae

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m 3,000

2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Sokcho Donghae 128°40'

38°10'

38°00'

37°50'

37°40'

37°30'

129°00'

East sea

129°20'

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 3. Seasonal variation of total catches collected by trammel net in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae with season (upper) and depths (lower) in Gangwon Province of Korea.

Table 1. List of species collected by trammel net in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae in Gangwon Province of Korea (▲, Sokcho; △ , Donghae; ●, both areas) Order Family Species Season Jan.-Mar . Apr .-Jun Jul.-Sep. Oct.-Dec. Depth(m) <100 100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 Anguilliformes 　 　 　 　 Congridae Conger myriaster 　 　 ● 　 △ Clupeiformes 　 　 　 　 Engraulidae Engraulis japonicus 　 　 　 　 ▲ ▲ Cypriniformes 　 　 　 　 Cyprinidae T ribolodon hakonensis ▲ 　 ▲ 　 △ Salmoniformes 　 　 　 　 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus masou ● 　 △ 　 　 Gadiformes 　 　 　 　 Gadidae Gadus macrocephalus ▲ △ △ ● ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● 　 ▲ ● Lophiiformes 　 　 　 　 Lophiidae Lophius litulon △ 　 ▲ 　 ▲ Gasterosteiformes 　 　 　 　 Syngnathidae Syngnathus schlegeli 　 　 ▲ 　 　 Scorpaeniformes 　 　 　 　 Scorpaenidae Sebastes hubbsi 　 　 △ 　 Sebastes inermis ● 　 ▲ 　 　 Sebastes minor ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Sebastes owstoni ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ △ 　 Sebastes pachycephalus ▲ 　 ● ▲ 　 △ Sebastes schlegelii ● 　 ● ● 　 ● ▲ Sebastes steindachneri △ 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Sebastes taczanowskii △ 　 ▲ ● 　 Sebastes thompsoni 　 　 ● 　 Sebastes trivittatus 　 　 ▲ ▲ 　 Sebastes vulpes △ 　 ● ● 　 △ Sebastiscus marmoratus 　 　 △ 　 ● Helicolenus hilgendorfi 　 　 　 　 ▲ Hexagrammidae Hexagrammos agrammus ● 　 ● ● 　 ● Hexagrammos otakii ● 　 ● ● 　 ● Pleurogrammus azonus △ 　 ● ▲ ▲ 　 　 ▲ Cottidae Alcichthys elongatus ● 　 ● ● 　 ● Enophrys diceraus ● 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Gymnocanthus herzensteini △ 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Hemilepidotus intermedius ● 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Gymnocanthus pistilliger 　 　 ▲ 　

삼중자망 어획물의 종조성 및 분포특성

949

Hemilepidotus gilberti ● ▲ 　 ● ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ 　 ● ▲ Icelus cataphractus ● ▲ △ 　 ▲ △ ▲ 　 ● ● 　 ● ▲ Myoxocephalus stelleri ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Taurocottus bergii 　 　 　 ▲ 　 ▲ Taurocottus spp. ▲ 　 　 　 Triglops jordani ▲ ▲ 　 　 ▲ 　 Myoxocephalus jaok ▲ 　 　 　 Hemitripteridae Blepsias cirrhosus 　 　 ● ● 　 ▲ Hemitripterus villosus 　 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Agonidae Podothecus hamlini 　 　 　 ▲ 　 ▲ Tilesina gibbosa 　 　 　 　 ▲ Freemanichthys thompsoni 　 ▲ 　 　 　 Hypsagonus corniger ▲ ● 　 ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Hypsagonus spp. 　 　 ▲ 　 Psychrolutidae Dasycottus setiger ▲ ● △ △ ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● △ ● ● Malacocottus gibber 　 △ △ △ △ 　 △ △ △ △ Cyclopteridae Aptocyclus ventricosus ● △ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ ▲ Eumicrotremus birulai 　 　 ▲ △ ▲ 　 ● △ 　 ● Liparidae Careproctus rastrinus ▲ △ △ △ 　 ▲ 　 △ Crystallichthys matsushi - mae ▲ △ △ △ ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● 　 ● Liparis agassizii 　 　 　 　 ● Liparis ingens 　 △ △ ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● △ ▲ ● ● Liparis T anakae 　 　 　 　 △ △ Perciformes 　 　 　 　 Acropomatidae Stereolepis doederleini 　 　 ▲ 　 △ Carangidae Seriola quinqueradiata 　 　 　 　 △ Sparidae Acanthopagrus schlegelii △ 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Embiotocidae Ditrema temminckii ● 　 ● 　 △ Zoarcidae L ycodes tanakai ▲ △ △ △ △ 　 △ △ △ △ △ Petroschmidtia toyamensis 　 　 ● 　 △ Stichaeidae Askoldia variegata knipowitschi 　 　 ▲ 　 　 Chirolophis japonicus 　 　 ▲ ● 　 Lumpenella longirostris 　 　 　 △ Stichaeopsis epallax 　 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Oplegnathidae Oplegnathus fasciatus 　 　 　 　 △ Pholidae Pholis nebulosa 　 　 ● 　 Trichodontidae Arctoscopus japonicus ▲ ▲ 　 　 ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ Ammodytidae Ammodytes personatus 　 　 ▲ 　 　 Uranoscopidae Xenocephalus elongatus 　 　 　 　 ▲ 　 Scombridae Scomber japonicus 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 ▲ 　 　 　

Order Family Species Season Jan.-Mar . Apr .-Jun Jul.-Sep. Oct.-Dec. Depth(m) <100 100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 <100

100- 200 200- 300

>300 Pleuronectiformes 　 　 　 　 Paralichthyidae Paralichthys olivaceus ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Pleuronectidae Eopsetta grigorjewi △ 　 ▲ ● 　 ▲ Glyptocephalus stelleri ▲ ● △ △ ▲ ▲ △ ▲ ▲ ● ● 　 ▲ ▲ ● ▲ Hippoglossoides dubius ▲ ● △ 　 ▲ ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● 　 ▲ ● ▲ Microstomus achne △ 　 ▲ 　 　 ● Platichthys stellatus 　 　 　 　 ▲ Tanakius kitaharai 　 　 　 　 ▲ Hippoglossoides pinetorum ▲ ● 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ 　 ▲ Pleuronectes punctatis - simus 　 　 　 　 ▲ Pleuronectes yokohamae ● 　 △ △ 　 △ Pleuronectes herzensteini ● △ 　 ● ▲ 　 ● Pleuronectes schrenki ● 　 ▲ △ 　 Tetraodontiformes 　 　 　 　 Monacanthidae Stephanolepis cirrhifer 　 　 ▲ 　 ● Thamnaconus modestus △ 　 ▲ 　 ● Tetraodontidae T akifugu pardalis 　 　 ▲ 　 Decapoda 　 　 　 　 Majidae Chionoecetes opilio ▲ △ △ △ ▲ ▲ △ ● 　 ● ● 　 ● △ Chionoecetes japonicus 　 　 △ 　 △ △ Pugettia quadridens 　 　 　 ▲ 　 Pandalidae Pandalus eous ▲ ▲ △ △ △ 　 　 △ Pandalopsis japonica ▲ △ 　 　 △ 　 Pandalus hypsinotus 　 　 　 　 ▲ Crangonidae Argis lar ▲ ● △ ▲ ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ 　 ▲ ● Hippolytidae Lebbeus groenlandicus 　 　 ▲ 　 　 Paguridae Pagurus spp. 　 　 ▲ 　 　 Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbecki 　 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Teuthoidae 　 　 　 　 Ommastrephidae T odarodes pacificus 　 　 　 　 ▲ △ Gonatidae Berryteuthias magister ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ ▲ Octopoda 　 　 　 　 Octopodidae Octopus dofleini ▲ ● △ 　 ● ▲ ▲ ▲ 　 ● ▲ ▲ Octopus ocellatus 　 　 ▲ 　 Octopus megalops 　 　 △ 　 ● 　 Sepioidea 　 　 　 　 Sepiolidae Sepiola birostrata 　 △ 　 　 　

삼중자망 어획물의 종조성 및 분포특성

951

Neogastropoda 　 　 　 　 Buccinidae Buccinum acutispratum 　 　 ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ Buccinum aniwanum 　 　 ● 　 ▲ △ 　 △ △ Buccinum osagawai 　 　 △ 　 　 Buccinum bayani 　 　 　 ▲ 　 Buccinum middendorffi 　 　 ▲ 　 Buccinum opisoplectum 　 ▲ 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ▲ 　 Buccinum striatissimum ▲ ● △ ▲ ▲ △ ▲ 　 ● △ 　 ● ● Buccinum tenuissimum 　 　 △ 　 　 △ Buccinum tsubai 　 　 △ 　 △ △ Neptunea arthritica ▲ 　 ● ▲ 　 ▲ Neptunea intersculpta 　 　 　 　 ▲ Neptunea lyrata 　 　 ▲ 　 Neptnea eulimata 　 ● △ △ △ 　 ● △ △ △ △ Volutopsius middindorffi 　 ▲ 　 ● 　 ● 　 △ Turridae Aforia circinata 　 　 　 　 △ Sorbeoconcha 　 　 　 　 Ranellidae Fusitriton galea △ 　 ▲ 　 ▲ Ostreoida 　 　 　 　 Propeamussiidae Chlamys swifti 　 　 ▲ 　 　 ▲ Veneroida 　 　 　 　 Veneridae Spisula polynympha 　 　 ▲ 　 Pleurogona 　 　 　 　 Pyuridae Halocynthia roretzi 　 　 ▲ ▲ 　 ● Echinoida 　 　 　 　 Strongylocentrotidae Strongylocentrotus nudus 　 　 ● ▲ 　 ▲ Aspidochirotida 　 　 　 　 Stichopodidae Stichopus japonicus △ 　 △ 　 　 △ Not assigned 　 　 　 　 　 　 Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus 　 　 　 　 ▲ 　 　 　 ▲ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

름철에

1,010 kg

^{으로매우높았다}

.

^{고무꺽정이는봄과여름에} 각각

208.5 kg

과

186.4 kg

으로우점하는경향을보였으며

,

벌레 문치는속초에서는거의어획이되지않았던반면동해에서는 평균

27.7 kg

의어획량을나타냈다

(Fig. 4).

수심별 어획량 변동

속초와동해에서삼중자망에의한수심별어획량은

200-300 m

에서

3,167.4 kg (36.4%)

으로가장높은어획량을보였고

,

다 음으로

300 m

^이심에서

2,783.5 kg (32.0%), 100 m

^이천에서

1,840.3 kg (21.2%)

의순으로나타났고

, 100-200 m

에서

902.6 kg (10.4%)

^{으로가장낮은어획량을보였다}

(Fig. 3).

주요우점종의 수심별어획량변동을보면

,

^{속초의경우벌} 레문치는전수심에서거의어획되지않았고

,

가자미류는

100 m

^이천과

100-200 m

^에서각각

555.2 kg (64.3%)

^와

267.0 kg (67.7%)

으로높은어획비율을보였고

,

뚝지는

100 m

이천에서

278.2 kg (32.2%)

^{으로높은어획량이보였지만수심이깊어지}

면서어획량이크게감소했다

.

^꼼치류는

100-200 m

^와

200-300 m

에서각각

70.7 kg (17.9%)

과

90.5 kg (36.2%)

으로높은어 획량을보였고고무꺽정이는

100-200 m

^에서

30.4 kg(7.7%)

^의

어획량을보였다

.

동해의수심별어획량을살펴보면

100 m

이

천에서는뚝지가

43.1 kg (80.8%)

^{으로극우점하는현상을보}

였고

, 100-200 m

^와

200-300 m

^{에서는고무꺽정이와꼼치류}

의어획량이가장높았고

, 300 m

보다깊은곳에서는꼼치류가

1,691.8 kg(87.6%)

^{으로극우점하는현상을나타냈다}

(Fig. 4).

주요 우점종의 공간분포 특성

주요종의해역별어획량의차이와수심에따른어획량의분 포특성을알아보기위하여해역과수심에따라어획량을조사 한결과

,

대구는속초와동해에서각각총

72.4 kg

과

53.9 kg

이 어획되어큰차이를보이지않았는데

,

^{속초에서는모든수심에} 서고른분포특성을보였던반면동해에서는

200-300 m

에서

40.7 kg

^{이어획되었고다른수심에서는어획량이매우적은특}

Month Jan.-Mar.

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400

0 Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Depth (m)

(A) Sokcho (B) Donghae

<100m

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

100-200m 200-300m >300m

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400 0

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

10

5

0

5

10

25

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38

24 28 32 37 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 86 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 53 58 64 68 71

Total Length (cm)

Frequency (%)

Total Length (cm) Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho Sokcho

Donghae Donghae

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae X : 48.5cm

N : 62 inds.

X : 58.0cm N : 593 inds.

X : 39.6cm N : 69 inds.

X : 40.6cm N : 84 inds.

X : 32.2cm N : 166 inds.

X : 32.7cm N : 50 inds.

X : 73.0cm N : 43 inds.

X : 18.8cm N : 348 inds.

X : 30.6cm N : 854 inds.

56.3cm

23.5cm

59.1cm

Total Length (cm)

Total Length (cm) 25.6cm

Glyptocephalus stelleri

Pleuronectidae spp.

Hippoglossoides dubius 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 17 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 48

10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50

Frequency (%) Frequency (%)

Sokcho

Donghae X : 22.6cm N : 2,455 inds.

X : 28.7cm N : 241 inds.

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.3cm N : 4,619 inds.

X : 33.7cm N : 744 inds.

32.8cm 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.9cm N : 823 inds.

X : 36.6cm N : 455 inds.

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

128°40

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

129°00 129°20

> 5kg 5~10kg 11~20kg 21~30kg 31~40kg

< 40kg

> 5kg 5~9kg 10~14.9kg 15~19.9kg 20~24.9kg

< 25kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~70kg 71~100kg

< 100kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~100kg 101~150kg

< 150kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~300kg 301~500kg 501~1000kg

< 1,000kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~200kg 201~300kg 301~400kg

< 400kg

128°40 129°00 129°20 128°40 129°00 129°20

Pleuronectidae spp.

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 4. Variation of important species compositions colllected by trammel net with season (upper) and depths (lower) in the coastal waters of Sokcho (A) and Donghae (B) in Gangwon Province of Korea.

삼중자망 어획물의 종조성 및 분포특성

953

징을보였다

.

^{고무꺽정이는속초에서는총}

64.8 kg

^{의적은어획} 량을보였던반면동해에서는총

572.0 kg

이어획되어속초에 비해동해에서어획량이

8.8

^배많았다

.

^{분포특성을살펴보면속} 초에서는

100-200 m

에서

30.4 kg

으로가장많은어획량을보 였고동해에서는

200-300 m

^에서

309.2 kg

^{으로가장높은어획} 량을나타냈다

.

^{뚝지는속초}

307.6 kg,

^동해

45.8kg

^{으로속초에} 서

6.7

배높은어획량을보였는데

,

속초와동해모두에서

100 m

보다얕은수심에서어획량이가장높은공간분포특성을보였 다

.

꼼치류는속초

187.3. kg,

동해

2,272.0 kg

이어획되어동해

의어획량이

12.1

^{배높은것으로나타났으며속초에서는}

100-

300 m

^{에서높은어획량을보였던반면동해에서는}

200 m

^보다

깊은수심에서수심이증가할수록어획량이증가하는경향을 나타냈다

.

^{벌레문치는동해에서}

111.0 kg

^{이어획되었고}

200- 300 m

에서

79.3 kg

으로가장높은어획량을보였다

.

가자미류 는속초

995.1 kg,

^동해

371.6 kg

^{으로속초의어획량이}

2.7

^배높 은것으로나타났으며

,

^{공간분포특성을살펴보면}

,

^{속초에서는}

수심이얕을수록높은어획량을보였는데특히

100 m

이하에서

555.2 kg

^{으로어획량이매우높았고동해에서는}

200-300 m

^에

서

339.9 kg

의높은어획량을보였을뿐다른수심에서어획되

는가자미류는매우적은것으로나타났다

(Fig. 5).

주요 종의 체장분포

속초와동해에서삼중자망에어획된주요어종인대구

,

^꼼치 류

,

^뚝지

,

^가자미류

,

^{고무꺽정이}

,

^{벌레문치의체장조성특성을} 지역별로분석하였는데

(Fig. 6),

^{가자미류는어종에따라평균} 체장의큰차이를보이기때문에높은개체수를보였던기름가 자미

(Glyptocephalus stelleri),

홍가자미

(Hippoglossoides du- bius)

^{와기타가자미류로구분하여분석하였다}

(Fig. 7).

대구의평균체장은속초

40.6 cm,

^동해

39.0 cm

^{로유의한차} 이를 보이지않았으며

(t-test, P>0.05),

^{주모드는속초에서는}

37-40 cm,

동해에서는

31-35 cm

범위를보였고성숙체장인

56.3 cm

^{이하의미성어의비율은속초와동해에서각각}

88.1%

와

91.3%

^{로매우 높게나타났다}

.

^{꼼치류의 평균체장은속초}

48.5 cm,

^동해

58.0 cm

^{로동해의평균체장이더컸으며}

(t-test, P=0.001),

^{속초에서는}

26-32 cm, 56-62 cm

^{의범위에서주모} 드를보였던반면동해에서는

56-64 cm

에서주모드를나타내 큰개체들의출현비율이높은특징을보였다

.

^{뚝지의평균체} 장은속초

32.2 cm,

^동해

32.7 cm

^{로서로유의한차이를보이} 지않았으며

(t-test, P>0.05)

속초와동해모두에서

31-35 cm

^범 위에서주모드를보였다

.

^{고무꺽정이의평균체장은속초}

18.8

Month Jan.-Mar.

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400

0 Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Depth (m)

(A) Sokcho (B) Donghae

<100m

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

100-200m 200-300m >300m

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400 0

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

10

5

0

5

10

25

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38

24 28 32 37 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 86 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 53 58 64 68 71

Total Length (cm)

Frequency (%)

Total Length (cm) Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho Sokcho

Donghae Donghae

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae X : 48.5cm

N : 62 inds.

X : 58.0cm N : 593 inds.

X : 39.6cm N : 69 inds.

X : 40.6cm N : 84 inds.

X : 32.2cm N : 166 inds.

X : 32.7cm N : 50 inds.

X : 73.0cm N : 43 inds.

X : 18.8cm N : 348 inds.

X : 30.6cm N : 854 inds.

56.3cm

23.5cm

59.1cm

Total Length (cm)

Total Length (cm) 25.6cm

Glyptocephalus stelleri

Pleuronectidae spp.

Hippoglossoides dubius 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 17 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 48

10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50

Frequency (%) Frequency (%)

Sokcho

Donghae X : 22.6cm N : 2,455 inds.

X : 28.7cm N : 241 inds.

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.3cm N : 4,619 inds.

X : 33.7cm N : 744 inds.

32.8cm 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.9cm N : 823 inds.

X : 36.6cm N : 455 inds.

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

128°40

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

129°00 129°20

> 5kg 5~10kg 11~20kg 21~30kg 31~40kg

< 40kg

> 5kg 5~9kg 10~14.9kg 15~19.9kg 20~24.9kg

< 25kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~70kg 71~100kg

< 100kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~100kg 101~150kg

< 150kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~300kg 301~500kg 501~1000kg

< 1,000kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~200kg 201~300kg 301~400kg

< 400kg

128°40 129°00 129°20 128°40 129°00 129°20

Pleuronectidae spp.

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 5. Total catches of six important species collected by trammel net with depths in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae in Gangwon Province of Korea.

손명호

ㆍ

윤병선

ㆍ

박정호

ㆍ

최영민

ㆍ

양재형

954

cm,

^동해

30.6 cm

^{로동해의평균체장이매우큰것으로나타}

났는데

(t-test, P=0.001),

^{속초에서는}

13-15 cm

^{범위의개체들}

이가장많았고

,

동해는

30-34 cm

범위의개체들이우점하였

다

.

^{고무꺽정이의성숙체장은}

23.5 cm

^{로미성어비율은속초}

73.3%,

^동해

8.2%

^{로속초의미성어비율이매우높은것으로}

나타났다

.

^{벌레문치는거의어획되지않았지만}

,

^{동해에서어획} 된개체는대부분

60 cm

^{이상이었고}

,

^{성숙체장은}

59.1 cm

^로미

성어비율은

7.0%

로매우낮아대부분의개체들이성숙체장이

상이었다

(Fig. 6).

기름가자미는속초에서평균

22.6 cm,

^{동해에서는}

28.7 cm

^로 동해에서출현한개체들의평균체장이큰것으로나타났으며

(t-test, P=0.001),

미성어의비율은속초

90.5%

^와동해

19.9%

로속초에서더높은특징을보였다

.

^{홍가자미의평균체장은속} 초

25.9 cm

^동해

36.6 cm

^{로동해에서출현한개체들의평균체} 장이큰것으로나타났으며

(t-test, P=0.001),

^{미성의비율은속} 초

96.7%,

동해

19.8%

로속초에서매우높은비율을나타냈다

.

Month Jan.-Mar.

600 400 200 0

1,200 800 400

0 Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Month

Jan.-Mar. Apr.-Jun. Jul.-Sep Oct.-Dec

Depth (m)

<100m

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

Gadus macrocephalus Aptocyclus ventricosus Lycodes tanakae

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

Pleuronectidae spp.

100-200m 200-300m >300m

Depth (m)

<100m 100-200m 200-300m >300m

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400 0

Catch (kg) Catch (kg)

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

10

5

0

5

10

25

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38

24 28 32 37 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 86 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 53 58 64 68 71

Total Length (cm)

Frequency (%)

Total Length (cm) Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho Sokcho

Donghae Donghae

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae X : 48.5cm

N : 62 inds.

X : 58.0cm N : 593 inds.

X : 39.6cm N : 69 inds.

X : 40.6cm N : 84 inds.

X : 32.2cm N : 166 inds.

X : 32.7cm N : 50 inds.

X : 73.0cm N : 43 inds.

X : 18.8cm N : 348 inds.

X : 30.6cm N : 854 inds.

56.3cm

23.5cm

59.1cm

Total Length (cm)

Total Length (cm) 25.6cm

Glyptocephalus stelleri

Pleuronectidae spp.

Hippoglossoides dubius 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 17 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 48

10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50

Frequency (%) Frequency (%)

Sokcho

Donghae X : 22.6cm N : 2,455 inds.

X : 28.7cm N : 241 inds.

20 15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.3cm N : 4,619 inds.

X : 33.7cm N : 744 inds.

32.8cm 20

15 10 5 0

5 10 15 20

Sokcho

Donghae X : 25.9cm N : 823 inds.

X : 36.6cm N : 455 inds.

Lycodes tanakae Aptocyclus ventricosus Gadus macrocephalus

Dasycottus setiger Liparis spp.

128°40

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

38°10' 38°00' 37°50' 37°40' 37°30'

129°00 129°20

> 5kg 5~10kg 11~20kg 21~30kg 31~40kg

< 40kg

> 5kg 5~9kg 10~14.9kg 15~19.9kg 20~24.9kg

< 25kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~70kg 71~100kg

< 100kg

> 10kg 11~30kg 31~50kg 51~100kg 101~150kg

< 150kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~300kg 301~500kg 501~1000kg

< 1,000kg

> 50kg 50~100kg 101~200kg 201~300kg 301~400kg

< 400kg

128°40 129°00 129°20 128°40 129°00 129°20

Pleuronectidae spp.

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Sokcho

Donghae

Fig. 6. Size frequency of the important species collected by trammel net in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae in Gangwon Province of Korea. The dot line denotes the age of 50% group maturity.