Sulfide Chimney from the Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge: Mineralogy and Fluid Inclusion

전체 글

(1) , 35, 3 , 203-210, 2002 Econ. Environ. Geol., 35(3), 203-210, 2002. . .

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(5) . . . . Sulfide Chimney from the Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge: Mineralogy and Fluid Inclusion Chul-Ho Heo1, Seong-Taek Yun1*, Chil-Sup So1, Seung-Jun Youm1 and Kyeong-Yong Lee2 1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University, Korea Marine Resource Laboratory, Korea Ocean Reseach & Development Institute, Korea. 2. In order to elucidate the growth mechanism of sulfide chimney formed as a result of seafloor hydrothermal mineralization, we carried out the mineralogical and fluid inclusion studies on the inactive, sulfide- and silica-rich chimney which has been recovered from a hydrothermal field in the Cleft segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. According to previous studies, many active and inactive vents are present in the Cleft segment. The sulfide- and silica-rich chimney is composed of amorphous silica, pyrite, sphalerite and wurtzite with minor amounts of chalcopyrite and marcasite. The interior part of the chimney is highly porous and represents a flow channel. Open spaces within chimneys are typically coated with colloform layers of amorphous silica. The FeS content of Zn-sulfides varies widely from 13.9 to 34.3 mole% with Fe-rich core and Fe-poor rims. This variation possibly reflects the change of physicochemical characteristics of hydrothermal fluids. Chemical and mineralogical compositions of the each growth zone are also varied, possibly due to a thermal gradient. Based on the microthermometric measurements of liquid-rich, two-phase inclusions in amorphous silica that was precipitated in the late stage of mineralization, minimum trapping temperatures are estimated to be about 114o to 145oC with the salinities between 3.2 and 4.8 wt.% NaCl equiv. Although the actual fluid temperatures of the vent are not available, this study suggests that the lowtemperature conditions were predominant during the mineralization in the hydrothermal field at Cleft segment. Comparing with the previously reported chimney types, the morphology, colloform texture, bulk chemistry, and a characteristic mineral assemblage (pyrite + marcasite + wurtzite + amorphous silica) of this chimney indicate that the chimney have been formed from a relatively low-temperature (<250oC) hydrothermal fluid that was changed by sluggish fluid flow and conductive cooling.. seafloor hydrothermal mineralization, Cleft segment, sulfide chimney, mineralogy, fluid inclusions.

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(27) Bulk chemical composition of inferred growth zones within the chimney from the Cleft segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge Zone. Dominant mineralogy. inner Cpy, Wtz, Py intermediate Sp, Py, Mc, Si outer Py, Mc, Fe-oxide, Si Average. ppm As. Ba. 279 233 295 269. 10.4 593 91.9 7.8 380 104.4 21.6 1042 32.9 13.2 671 76.4. Ca. Cd. Co. Cr. Mn. Ni. Pb. Zn. 6.8 2.3 3.0 4.1. 9.7 1,804 224,665 698 5.4 1,658 241,401 756 10.4 923 326,284 728 8.5 1,462 264,117 727. Cu. Fe. 10.6 9.4 9.2 9.7. 1,181 1,492 1,631 1,435. 73,349 96,879 48,557 72,928. Abbreviations: Cpy=chalcopyrite, Wtz=wurzite, Py=pyrite, Sp=sphalerite, Mc=marcasite, Si=silica..

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(29) . Scanning electron microscope images of the studied chimney. (A) Amorphous silica with spheroidal form. (B) Amorphous silica coated around sulfides. Photomicrographs of polished sections of the studied chimney. (A) Amorphous silica infilling the interstices between Zn-sulfides and chalcopyrite. Scale bar is 100 µm. (B) Colloform pyrite occurring in exterior part of the chimney. Scale bar is 200 µm.. FG ]^< Vo9 ª ® ¡aA F3Z ºÀ ¶ËnH Vo ó9 h4 &3 4 ëA F3Z W|e34 êÀAB ¡aA F G kµWÄÅ C . ºÀ ¶ËnH :9 : qk F3Z k4 Q(*)9 k ëg »4 ¡aA F G _`^ _Q`^34 ;g ` '()J 34 WÄÅ¡^ . ` '()9 ]b® < 9 ê ¡^P qkLG Ô ` '() 9 rs ¡H º e34 ]+ (.E FG +H OP9 )Ë (e ;+ *) VW E Ý (AúJ X G . . $+ -. $+ . $+ 5 %. ,. $+ ,. 3. C . 3. B $'. . B&. . 2. =-B. . $+ 2. 3. . . . Vo9 ó QR h4 &34 ©N .H ºÀ ¶Ën H : aQ)

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(33) . . . !" . . Chemical composition of zinc sulfides in the chimney from the Cleft segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Weight Percent. Sample no.. Zn. Fe. Mn. Cd. Cu. S. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 54.0 52.2 53.9 53.9 59.0 56.5 48.1 48.3. 11.8 14.7 13.3 13.0 8.2 9.8 18.0 18.1. 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0. 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0. 33.4 33.5 33.2 33.8 33.8 33.2 34.4 33.6. 2 2 2 2 2. 51.5 49.2 46.8 51.1 49.6. 14.2 15.6 18.1 16.2 15.8. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0. 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.1 1.0. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3. 50.8 54.7 55.2 48.8 47.7 47.6 47.1. 14.0 12.3 10.7 17.8 19.0 18.8 19.4. 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0. 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2. 7 7 7 7 7 7. 55.3 54.6 57.3 45.8 45.6 47.7. 9.3 12.9 9.1 20.6 20.1 19.2. 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1. Mole percent. Total. ZnS. FeS. MnS. CdS. CuS. Remarks. 100.1 101.1 100.9 101.1 101.2 100.0 101.0 100.1. 78.6 74.6 77.1 77.6 85.8 82.5 69.1 69.4. 20.2 24.6 22.3 22.0 13.9 16.8 30.3 30.4. 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2. 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0. 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1. Rim Rim Rim Rim Rim Rim Core Core. 33.6 33.7 33.9 34.0 33.8. 99.5 99.5 99.4 101.7 100.4. 75.3 71.9 68.2 72.6 71.5. 24.3 26.7 30.8 27.0 26.7. 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0. 0.1 1.3 0.8 0.1 1.5. Rim Core Core Core Core. 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0. 33.4 34.0 33.4 34.0 34.0 34.2 34.4. 98.7 101.3 99.7 100.9 100.7 101.0 101.1. 75.0 78.8 81.2 69.9 68.1 68.0 67.3. 24.2 20.8 18.5 29.8 31.8 31.4 32.5. 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0. 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2. 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1. Rim Rim Rim Core Core Core Core. 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.4. 33.0 33.5 33.3 34.3 34.6 34.4. 99.0 101.4 100.0 101.1 101.4 101.9. 81.8 78.1 84.1 65.2 64.8 67.4. 16.1 21.6 15.6 34.3 33.5 31.8. 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1. 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.5. Rim Rim Rim Core Core Core. ¿ ç ÔH §" P()+ C. H I34 q` !> b®< +A¸J ô P FG §O¶ 9 êÈ( H +Z 8¶ 9 H =-( A B 7 !+GC '() VoX »¼ ª9 Ps< 4 9 PÐ ") . Ï gG

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(46) Microthermometric data of fluid inclusions in amorphous silica from the chimney of Cleft segment. Size (µm). Sample no.. Th-tot (oC). Tm-ice (oC). Salinity (wt.%NaCl equiv.). X-axis. Y-axis. Vapor ratio (%). Tm-initial (oC). 1 1 1 2 2 7 7 7. 114 114 145 121 123 127 133 123. -2.7 -1.9 -2.9 -1.9 -2.2 -2.0 -2.0 -2.6. 4.5 3.9 4.8 3.2 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.3. 15 15 51 12 24 24 27 24. 6 9 20 12 12 18 20 18. 17 19 40 19 25 15 20 40. -20.7 -21.4 -20.9 -21.5 -21.3. Abbreviations: Th-tot=total homogenization temperature, Tm-ice=final ice melting temperature, Tm-initial=initial ice melting temperature..

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