* ᔝᖒྜྷᔑ(ᵝ) Õᖅᇡྙ ([email protected])
Received November 7, 2012/ revised February 26, 2013/ accepted July 29, 2013
Copyright ⵑ 2013 by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers
ǣǣȀȀǤǤȀͳͲǤͳʹͷʹȀ ǤʹͲͳ͵Ǥ͵͵ǤǤʹͷͲͻ
Ǥ ǤǤ
ᾆ㒢⇧⢛#⽛ᇓ㯂⢢Ꮾ≓ⴖ#ሲ⛢㯂ⵣ#Ⱨ⛯#⮮ጪ (㉞Ꮊ⇮Ꮊ#ሾ㏟⮃#♪᷾Ⱨ)
টઽ ȵ෮ ȵࢂ෮জ ȵԳজ
Kim, SunYoung*, Kim, HyeonSeung**, Moon, HyounSeok***, Kang, LeenSeok****
Field Applicability of Augmented Reality Technology by Marker Mapping for Construction Project (Focused on Measurement Process of Rebar Work)
ABSTRACT
Augmented reality (AR) technology visualizes a real type object that cannot simulate in virtual reality technology by overlapping a virtual object and real object in a computer system. This study suggests a methodology and prototype system for applying AR system to rebar distribution work in a civil engineering project. Rebar work in civil engineering project is a representative activity that is progressed by empirical approach of skilled labor rather than formalized manual. AR technology improves the constructability of rebar work because AR tool can identify missing rebars and different rebars comparing with the drawings. AR system developed in this study can enhance the understanding of rebar work using 3D modeling with real image of construction site and save construction cost by reducing reconstruction work.
Key words : Augmented reality (AR), Virtual reality (VR), 3D modeling, Reinforcement placement measurement
Ⅹಾ
᷾v⩥ᝅ(Augmented Reality, AR) ʑᚁᮡ⩥ᝅ⪹Ğᮥʑၹᮝಽ⍕⥉░ᨱᕽᔾᖒ⦽aᔢ᮹~ℕᱶᅕෝᵲℊ⧕ᅥᮝಽ៉aᔢ⩥ᝅᔢᨱᕽ۱ ӥᙹᨧ۵ᝅq⩶༉ߙᮥǍ⩥⦹۵ʑᚁᯕ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵☁༊Ŗᔍ℁ɝ႑ɝ᯲ᨦᨱ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦹۵ႊჶುŝᜅ▽ᱽ⣩ᮥǍ ᖒ⦹ᩍ℁ɝŖᔍ᯲ᨦ᮹᷾v⩥ᝅᱢᬊᖒᮥá᷾⦹Łᯩ݅. ☁༊Ŗᔍ⩥ᰆ᮹ᩍ్᯲ᨦॅᵲᨱᕽ℁ɝŖᔍ۵ᱩ₉⪵ࡽๅەႊᅕ݅۵ᙺಉ Ŗ᮹Ğ⨹ᱢႊᨱ᮹⧕᯲ᨦᯕḥ⧪ࡹ۵ݡ⢽ᱢŖᱶᯕ݅. ᯕ్⦽Ŗᱶᨱ᷾v⩥ᝅᮥᱢᬊ⦹໕ݚⅩĥ⫮ࠥ໕ŝእƱ⦹ᩍ٥ࡽ℁ɝ႑ɝၰ
ᔢᯕ⦽႑ɝᔢ┽ෝb⪵⦹ᩍĥ⊂⧁ᙹᯩᮝအಽŖᖒᮥ⨆ᔢ┍ᙹᯩ݅. Ǎ⇶ࡽᜅ▽ᮡ3₉ᬱᮝಽ༉ߙยࡽ℁ɝ~ℕෝᝅᱽŖ⩥
ᰆᨱᵲℊ⦹ᩍb⪵⧉ᮝಽ៉℁ɝ᳑พŖᱶॅ᮹᯲ᨦᯕ⧕ࠥෝ׳ᯕŁ, á⊂݉ĥᨱ⪽ᬊ⧉ᮝಽ៉℁ɝ᳑พ᯲ᨦᨱᕽၽᔾ⧁ᙹᯩ۵⦹ᯱ᪡
ᰍ᯲ᨦᮝಽᯙ⦽እᬊ᷾aෝᨖᱽ⧁ᙹᯩᮥäᯕʑݡࡽ݅.
áᔪᨕ ᷾v⩥ᝅ, aᔢ⩥ᝅ, 3₉ᬱ༉⩶, ℁ɝ႑ɝ
֨ėěν1. ᕽು
1.1 ֜ଭࢼլࢫࡧୡ
ÕᖅŖᔍᨱBIM (Building Information Modeling)ʑჶॅᯕ
᯦ࠥࡹ໕ᕽᖅĥ݉ĥ᮹eᖎšญ॒ᮥ᭥⦽3D༉ߙยʑᚁ, Ŗ݉
ĥ᮹Ŗᱶဍ౩ᯕᖹ(Simulation) ॒ᮥ᭥⦽4D CADʑᚁ॒᮹
⪽ᬊᖒᯕᱱ₉᷾ݡࡹŁᯩ݅. ᯕ᪡⧉̹ÕᖅŖᔍᨱaᔢ⩥ᝅ(VR, Virtual Reality)ʑᚁᮡ3D~ℕ⢽⩥ᮥ᭥⧕ᅕ⠙ᱢᮝಽᔍᬊࡹŁ
ᯩᮝӹ, Õᖅ~ℕෝaᔢ⩥ᝅಽ⢽⩥⦹໕3₉ᬱə௹⦞ᮝಽอ⢽⩥
ࡹᨕ Õᖅ᮹ ✚ᖒᔢ ⩥ᰆqᯕ ᱡ⦹ࡹᨕ ᝅྕᱢ ⪽ᬊᖒᯕ ׳ḡ
ᦫᮡᱱᯕྙᱽࡹŁᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽ᇡᇥ᮹⧕đᮥ᭥⧕↽ɝᨱ۵
᷾v⩥ᝅ(AR, Augmented Reality)ʑᚁᯕᱢɚᱢᮝಽ᯦ࠥࡹŁ
ᯩ݅. ᷾v⩥ᝅᮡaᔢ⩥ᝅ~ℕ᪡⩥ᝅ~ℕෝ⪝⧊⦹ᩍ⢽⩥⦹۵
ʑᚁಽᕽÕᖅŖᔍᨱᕽ⩥ᰆqᮥŁಅ⦽Ŗᖒá॒᷾᮹⪽ᬊᖒ ᯕʑݡࡹŁᯩ۵ʑᚁᯕ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥ℁ɝŖ ᔍᨱᱢᬊ⦹۵ႊჶುᮥǍ⇶⦹Łšಉᜅ▽Ǎ⇶ᮝಽ᷾v⩥ᝅ ᮹ ᱢᬊᖒᮥ á᷾⦹Ł ᯩ݅.
ÕᖅŖᨱᯩᨕ℁ɝŖᔍ۵Ǎ᳑ྜྷ᮹ᦩᱥᖒŝԕǍᖒ, Ŗᔍʑ eᨱ Ḣᱲᱢᯙ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ӝ⊹۵ ᗭᯕ݅. ੱ⦽ ྜྷపእᵲᨱ እ⧕
ⅾŖᔍᨱᕽ₉ḡ⦹۵እᬊᯕⓍʑভྙᨱእᬊ⊂໕ᨱᕽࠥᵲ⦹
íᯙࡹŁᯩ݅(Park et al., 2003). ᯕ్⦽℁ɝŖᔍ۵℁ɝᱥྙ
ᨦℕ, ℁ɝaŖ᳑พᱥྙᨦℕ, ℁ɝaŖŖᰆ॒݅᧲⦽ᯕ⧕ݚᔍᯱ
aₙᩍ⦹ʑভྙᨱ⢽ᵡ႑ɝᔢᖙ॒ࠥᮥ☖⦽⪶⦽᮹ᔍᱥݍᯕ
⦥ᙹᱢᯕ݅. ⦹ḡอᝅᱽ⩥ᰆᨱᕽ۵ŝÑ᮹ŖᔍšญႊᮥŁᙹ
⦹Ł ᯩŁ, ℁ɝ ᯲ᨦᯱ᮹ Ğ⨹ᨱ ᮹᳕⦽ Ŗᔍšญa ᙹ⧪ࡹᨕ
⬉ᮉᱢᯙ ℁ɝŖᔍ ᔍᨦšญa ᯕᨕḡḡ ᦫŁ ᯩ݅.
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵☁༊Ŗᔍᖅྜྷ᮹℁ɝ႑ɝ᯲ᨦᨱ᷾v⩥ᝅ
ʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦹۵ႊჶುᮥǍ⇶⦹Ł, ᷾v⩥ᝅǍ⩥ࠥǍᯙUnifeye SDK (Software Development Kit) ෝ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍᝅᱽ⩥ᰆ᮹ᦵÑ Ǎ᳑ྜྷ႑ɝࠥෝₙ᳑⦹ᩍ⩥ᰆ᮹Ŗ⩥⫊ŝaᔢ⩥ᝅ℁ɝ႑ɝ
~ℕ᪡᮹⪝⧊ᨱ᮹⦽᷾v⩥ᝅᱢᬊᖒᮥá᷾⦹Łᯩ݅. Ǎ᳑ྜྷᨱ ᕽ℁ɝ႑ɝᮡᱶ⪶ᖒᮥ⦹۵᯲ᨦᯥᮥŁಅ⦹໕, ᯕ్⦽ᩑǍ۵
3 ₉ᬱᮝಽ༉ߙยࡽ℁ɝ~ℕෝᝅᱽŖ⩥ᰆᨱᵲℊ⦹ᩍb⪵
⧉ᮝಽ៉℁ɝ᳑พ᯲ᨦᨱᕽၽᔾ⧁ᙹᯩ۵⦹ᯱ᪡ᰍ᯲ᨦᮝಽ
ᯙ⦽ እᬊ᷾aෝ ᨖᱽ⦹۵ ࠥǍ}ၽᨱ ⪽ᬊࢁ ᙹ ᯩᮥ äᯕ
ʑݡࡽ݅.
1.2 ֜ଭ࣐ࢫࢺ࣑
ᅙᩑǍ۵Ⓧí⩥⫊᳑ᔍ, ႊჶುǍᖒ, ⩥ᰆᱢᬊ᮹ᱩ₉ಽ
ḥ⧪ࡹᨩ݅.
ℌṙ, ℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍ᪡᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁ᮹šಉྙ⨭᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕
⩥⫊Łₑᮥ ᝅ⦽݅. ࢹṙ, ⩥⫊Łₑᮥ ☖⧕ ऽ్ӽ ℁ɝ႑ɝ
šญʑᚁ᮹ྙᱽᱱᮥ⧕đ⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍ᷾v⩥ᝅ ʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦽
℁ɝ႑ɝ⥥ಽᖙᜅෝᱽᦩ⦽݅. ᖬṙ, ᱽᦩ⦽⥥ಽᖙᜅ᮹á᷾ᮥ
᭥⧕ᝅᱽ⩥ᰆᨱᱢᬊ⦹۵ŝᱶᮥÑℱᅙᩑǍ᮹ᝅ⬉ᖒᮥ❭ᦦ⦽
݅. ษḡสᮝಽ ᅙ ᩑǍᨱᕽ ᱽ⦽ ⥥ಽᖙᜅ᮹ ⬉ŝෝ ᇥᕾ⦽
⬥ đುᮥ ࠥ⇽⦽݅.
1.3 శֽվॷࢫஹԳ෮ਓւߛ֜ܛේ
℁ɝŖᔍ᪡šಉ⦹ᩍǎԕᨱᕽḥ⧪ࡽᩑǍॅᮥᔕ⠕ᅕ໕݅ᮭ
ŝz݅. Kim et al.(2002)۵℁ɝaŖ᮹ᱥ݉ĥᨱݡ⦽ྙᱽᱱᮥ
ᇥᕾ⦹Łᯕෝ ⧕đ⦹ʑ ᭥⧕℁ɝ᮹ ᗱᮉᮥ ↽ᗭ⪵⧁ᙹ ᯩ۵
ᜅ▽ᮥ}ၽ⦹ᩡ݅. Lee et al.(2002)۵ᩑǍෝ☖⧕℁ɝŖᔍ᮹
ྜྷపᔑ⇽ᨱᕽŖ݉ĥᨱᯕ۵⩥⫊ၰ ྙᱽᱱᮥᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ
☖⧕ᇥᕾ⦹ᩍ}ᖁႊᦩᮥᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Park et al.(2003)۵݅᧲⦽
ᯕ⧕ݚᔍᯱaₙᩍ⦹۵℁ɝŖᔍ᮹⪶⦽᮹ᔍᱥݍᮥ᭥⧕Ǎ᳑
ʑᵡၰ⢽ᵡᱢᯙ႑ɝᔢᖙa⦥⦹݅Ł⦹ᩡ݅. Lee(2008)ᮡ
ᔍಡ᳑ᔍ॒᮹ᝅ┽᳑ᔍෝᙹ⧪⦹ᩍ℁ɝŖᔍ᮹ྙᱽᱱŝ}ᖁႊ
ᦩᮥ ᱽ⦹ᩡ݅.
Õᖅᇥᨱᕽ ᷾v⩥ᝅŝ šಉ⦹ᩍ ḥ⧪ࡽ ǎԕ ᩑǍॅᮥ
ᔕ⠕ᅕ໕ ݅ᮭŝ z݅.
Park et al.(2005)۵ʑ᳕Õ⇶ྜྷ᮹ᱶᅕෝℕĥᱢᮝಽšญ⧁
ᙹᯩࠥಾ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍÕྜྷᱶᅕߑᯕ░ᄁᯕᜅෝ
b⪵⧁ᙹᯩ۵ႊᦩᮥᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Ryu et al.(2010)۵ᵝÑ݉ḡ
႑⊹ĥ⫮݉ĥᨱᕽ᮹᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁ᯦ࠥ⪽ᬊᖒᮥá᷾⦹ʑ᭥⧕
ᕽ⩥ᰆᝅ᷾ᩑǍෝᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. Azuma (1997), Zlatanova et al (2002) ॒ᮡ݅᧲⦽ᇥෝݡᔢᮝಽᖅྙᮥᝅ⦹ᩍ᷾v⩥ᝅ ᮹ ⪽ᬊ ⦥ᖒŝ ᱢᬊႊᦩᮥ ᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Shin and Dunston (2008) ᮡʑᚁᱢ⧊ᖒᨱᵲᱱᮥࢱŁÕᖅ᮹݅᧲⦽݉᭥᯲ᨦॅᯕ
᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥ☖⧕aḩᙹᯩ۵ᯕᱱᮥᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Xiangyu Wang et al. (2008) ᮡHMD (Head Mounted Display)ᰆእ᪡
ມ❑ษ⍅ෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ⪝⧊⩥ᝅᮥ⢽⩥⦹Ł, 3Dࠥ໕ŝ⪝⧊⩥ᝅ
⚕ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍŖᯱᨱíb⪵ࡽᱶᅕෝᱽŖ⧉ᮝಽ៉᷾v⩥
ᝅ᮹ᮁᬊᖒᮥᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Golparvar-Fard et al. (2009)ᮡÕᖅᱶ ᅕෝ ᯱ࠺⪵⦹Ł, ᯕෝ b⪵ࡽ ᱶᅕಽ ᱽŖ⧁ ᙹ ᯩࠥಾ 4D CAD᪡᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥᩑĥ⦽D
4AR ᜅ▽ᮥ}ၽ⦽ၵᯩ݅.
Kim et al. (2012) ᮡ᷾v⩥ᝅʑၹᮝಽÕᖅᰆእ᮹ᬕᩢӹญ᪅
ෝօ✙ᬭⓍ☖ᝁᮥ☖⧕ᱽŖ⦹ᩍ ݅ᙹ᮹᮹ᔍđᱶᯱॅಽᇡ░
ᰆእᬕᩢĥ⫮ᮥᙹพ⧁ᙹᯩࠥಾᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ༉ߙ్ෝ}ၽ⦹ᩡ݅.
⩥ᰍʭḡ℁ɝŖᔍ᪡šಉࡽǎԕᩑǍ۵Ⓧíྜྷపᔑ⇽ŝ႑ɝ ᔢᖙࠥᨱš⦽ᩑǍaḥ⧪ࡹᨩ݅. ྜྷపᔑ⇽ᨱš⦽ᩑǍ۵℁ɝ
Ŗᔍ᮹ᱥ(ㄯ) ݉ĥᨱݡ⦽ྙᱽᱱᮥᇥᕾ⦹ᩍ℁ɝᗱᮉᮥᱩq⧁
ᙹᯩࠥಾ}ᖁႊᦩᮥᱽ⦹Ł, ᯱ࠺ᮝಽ℁ɝྜྷపᮥᔑ⇽⦹۵
⥥ಽəఉᮥ}ၽ⦹۵ᩑǍaᙹ⧪ࡹᨩ݅. ੱ⦽℁ɝ႑ɝŖࠥෝ
Fig. 2. Comparison between VR and AR
Fig. 3. Simulation of 4D Object in AR Environment
ᯱ࠺ᮝಽᔾᖒ⦹ʑ᭥⦽ ⥥ಽəఉ}ၽŝ႑ɝŖࠥ᮹⢽ᵡᮥ
ษಉ⦹ʑ ᭥⦽ ᩑǍa ᙹ⧪ࡹᨩ݅. ᷪ, ℁ɝ᳑พ ᱥ(ㄯ) ݉ĥᯙ
ྜྷపᔑ⇽ŝ႑ɝŖ᯲ࠥᖒᮥ᭥⦽ᩑǍaᵲᱱᱢᮝಽḥ⧪ࡹᨩ
ᮭᮥ ᙹ ᯩᨩ݅.
᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᨱš⦽ᩑǍ۵Õᖅᦩᱥ, ᱶᅕšญၰᰆእᬕᬊ
॒᮹݅᧲⦽Õᖅᨦྕᨱ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦹Łᯩᨩ݅. ᯕ్⦽
᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᩑǍಽᇡ░Õᖅᇥᨱᕽ᮹᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁ᮹ᮁ⬉
ᖒၰᱢ⧊ᖒᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩᨩᮝӹ, ᝅᱽᝅྕᨱᱢᬊ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ
ฯᮡ ʑᚁᱢ ᱽ᧞ᮥ ɚᅖ⧕⧉ᮥ ᙹ ᯩᨩ݅.
2. ᷾v⩥ᝅʑჶ}
2.1 ஹԳ෮ਓ׆২ଭԹ૬
᷾v⩥ᝅᯕ۵ᬊᨕ۵1994֥ᨱ⡕ၡə௭(Paul Milgram)ᯕ
ᮭᮝಽᱶ᮹⦽‘⪝⧊ࡽ⩥ᝅ(MR, Mixed Reality)’ᨱᕽᮁ௹ࡹ
ᨩ݅. Fig. 1ŝzᯕ⪝⧊ࡽ⩥ᝅᮡᝅᖙĥ⪹Ğŝaᔢ⪹Ğᯕ
࠺ᨱ᳕ᰍ⧉ᮝಽ៉aᔢŝ⩥ᝅᔍᯕ᮹݉ᱱॅᮥᔢ⪙ᅕ᪥⦹ᩍ
⩥ᝅqᮥ ⨆ᔢ ┍ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
⪝⧊ࡽ⩥ᝅᮡ᷾vaᔢAV (Augmented Virtuality)᪡᷾v⩥
ᝅಽᇥඹࡽ݅. ᷾vaᔢᮡaᔢ⪹Ğᮥʑၹᮝಽᝅᖙĥྜྷℕෝ
⧊ᖒ⦹ᩍaᔢ⪹Ğᨱݡ⦽⩥ᝅqᮥ⨆ᔢ┅Ł, ᷾v⩥ᝅᮡᝅᖙ ĥ ⪹Ğᮥ ʑၹᮝಽ aᔢྜྷℕෝ ⧊ᖒ⦹ᩍ ᝅᖙĥ ⪹Ğᨱ ݡ⦽
⩥ᝅqᮥ ⨆ᔢ┍ ᙹ ᯩ۵ ႊჶᯕ݅.
Fig. 1. Definition of Augmented Reality
2.2 ՍডंઉஹԳ෮ਓୡ
ʑ᳕᮹ÕᖅŖᔍ⍕⥉░ə௹⦞ᨱᱢᬊࡹŁᯩ۵aᔢ⩥ᝅʑᚁ
ᮡFig. 2᮹᳭⊂ŝzᯕᙽᙹ⍕⥉░ə௹⦞⪵໕อᮝಽǍᖒࡹᨕ
ᝅᱽ Õᖅ ⩥ᰆŝ ᔢݚ⦽ ƕญqᮥ aḡí ࡽ݅.
ᷪ, aᔢŖeᨱ⢽⩥ࡽə௹⦞Ǎ᳑ྜྷᮡᝅᱽ႑ɝࡽ℁ɝŝ
zᯕᝅᱽ⩥ᰆ᮹ᵝᄡ᳑Õŝᩑ࠺ࡹᨕ᯲ᨦᯕḥ⧪ࡹ۵༉ᮥ
ᩑᔢ⦹۵äᯕᨕಖʑভྙᨱ⩥ᰆ᮹ᔢ⫊ᮥၹᩢ⦹ʑŅ⦹݅.
ᯕ్⦽ ƕญqᮡ Fig. 2᮹ ᬑ⊂ŝ zᯕ ᷾v⩥ᝅ ʑᚁᮥ ☖⧕
aᔢ⩥ᝅə௹⦞⪵໕ᨱᝅᱽÕᖅ⩥ᰆ༉ᮥđ⧊⦹ᩍ, aᔢ⩥ᝅ ಽ ⢽⩥ᯕ ᨕಅᬕ ⩥ᝅᱢ ᔢ⫊ᮥ ᩑ࠺⦹ᩍ ᅕᩍᵝ۵ äᮝಽ៉
⧕đࢁᙹᯩ݅. ᷪ, ᳭⊂᮹ᯙݡƱŖ༉ᮡᙽᙹə௹⦞༉ᯕ
ӹ, ᬑ⊂əฝᮡᵝ┲ᇡᇥᯕᝅᱽᩢᔢᯕŁ⥥ಽ❦Ⓧ౩ᯙᨱ᮹⦽
ᵝ┲ ᔢ❱ aᖅ༉ ॒᮹ ᇡᇥᮡ ə௹⦞~ℕಽ ⪝⧊ࡹᨕ ᯩ݅.
ᯕಽ៉⩥ᰆ᮹⩥ᰍᵝ┲Ŗᔢ┽ᨱ⨆⬥Ŗࡹᨕ⦹۵ᔢ❱Ŗ ᱶ᮹aᔢŖ༉ᮥ⪝⧊⦹ᩍ⩥ᰆqᮥŁಅ⦽⍕⥉░ə௹⦞༉
ᮝಽ ⪽ᬊᖒᮥ wí ࡽ݅.
ᯕ్⦽᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮡ݅᧲⦽ÕᖅIT᪡᮹ᩑĥෝ☖⧕ᬒ
⡎մí⪽ᬊࢁᙹᯩ݅. Fig. 3ᮡ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥݡ⢽ᱢᯙÕᖅ
IT ʑᚁᯙ4D CAD᪡ᩑ࠺⦽༉ᮥӹ┡ԕŁᯩ݅. əฝᨱᕽ۵
ᕽᬙ⦽vᨱaᖅࡽ⦽ԉݡƱ᳭⊂ᨱᔩಽᬕƱప᮹aᖅᔢ⫊ᮥ
Łಅ⦹ᩍᝅᱽ⩥ᰆ༉ᨱaᔢŖဍ౩ᯕᖹᮥ4D CADᜅ▽
ᮝಽࠥ⦽äᯕ݅. ᯕ᪡zᯕ᷾v⩥ᝅᮡ4D CAD ॒BIM᮹
ᖙᇡᗭॅŝ ᩑĥࡹ۵ ʑᚁॅࠥ ᗭ}ࡹŁ ᯩ݅.
3. ℁ɝŖᔍ᮹⩥⫊ၰྙᱽᱱᇥᕾ
3.1 శֽվॷඹߦপਆଭ෮จंজ
℁ɝŖᔍᨦྕ⥥ಽᖙᜅ۵Õᖅᨦℕ᪡aŖႊ॒ᨱ᧞e
᮹₉ᯕaᯩᮥᙹᯩᮝӹ, ᯝၹÕᖅᨦℕ᪡℁ɝᱥྙÕᖅᨦℕ᮹
Fig. 4. Process of Rebar Work
ᯝၹᱢᯙᨦྕ⥥ಽᖙᜅෝࠥ⪵⦹ᩍӹ┡ԕ໕Fig. 4᪡z݅.
ᯝၹÕᖅᨦℕ۵Ŗᔍෝᙹᵝ⦽⬥ᨱᝅ⧪ᩩᔑ⠙ᖒၰ℁ɝྜྷప
ᮥ ᔑ⇽⦹Ł ℁ɝ⎹Ⓧญ✙Ŗᔍ ᱥྙÕᖅᨦℕᨱ ᯦ₑ ĥ᧞⦽݅.
ᱥྙÕᖅᨦℕ۵℁ɝŖᔍෝᙹᵝ⦹í ࡹ໕℁ɝ႑ɝᔢᖙࠥෝ
᯲ᖒ⦹Ł, ᯕෝၵ┶ᮝಽ⩥ᰆ⪚ᮡŖᰆaŖᮥ☖⧕℁ɝᮥaŖ⦽
⬥ ᳑พ᯲ᨦᮥ ᙹ⧪⦽݅.
3.2 శֽվॷଭࢂ୪ܑౢ
ÕᖅŖᔍᨱᯩᨕᕽ℁ɝŖᔍ۵Ñ⣙ḲŖᔍ, ⎹Ⓧญ✙Ŗᔍ᪡
⧉̹Ǎ᳑ྜྷ᮹ᦩᱶᖒŝԕǍᖒၰŖᔍʑeᨱฯᮡᩢ⨆ᮥၙ⊹۵
Ŗᔍᯕ݅. ᐱอᦥܩ℁ɝŖᔍ۵℁ɝ⎹Ⓧญ✙Ŗᔍእ᮹᧞30%
ෝ₉ḡ⧁ᱶࠥಽእᬊ໕ᨱᕽࠥๅᬑᵲ⦹݅Ł⧁ᙹᯩ݅(Jung et al., 2009). ə్ӹ℁ɝŖᔍ᮹Ŗŝá⊂ႊჶ॒ᯕℕĥᱢᮝಽ
ᱶพࡹḡ ᦫᦥ ℁ɝ᮹ ᇡᝅ Ŗᔍಡa ၽᔾࡹŁ ᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽
℁ɝŖᔍ᮹ྙᱽᱱᮥᇥᕾ⦹ʑ ᭥⧕ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ
ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ۵⩥ᰍ☁༊Ŗ⩥ᰆᨱ᳦ᔍ⦹Łᯩ۵ᝅྕ
ᯱෝݡᔢᮝಽ⦹ᩡᮝ໑ⅾ20ᇡ᮹ᖅྙḡෝ⫭ᙹ⦹ᩡ݅. ᅙᖅྙ᳑
ᔍ᮹ đŝ۵ ݅ᮭŝ z݅.
ᝅ⧪ᩩᔑ⠙ᖒᔑ⇽ࡽ℁ɝྜྷపŝᝅᱽ℁ɝŖᔍŖ
⚍᯦ࡹ۵ྜྷపᨱ₉ᯕaᯩᮝ໑, ᝅᱽ⚍᯦ྜྷపᯕĥ⫮ྜྷపᮥⅩŝ
⦽݅۵äᨱ۵ᯕčᯕᨧᨩ݅. ᝅᱽ⚍᯦ྜྷపᯕĥ⫮ྜྷపᮥⅩŝ⦹
۵aᰆⓑᬱᯙᮝಽŖࠥ໕᮹႑ɝᔢᖙa⪶⦹ḡᦫᦥၽᔾ⦽
⪝ᖁᮝಽᯙ⦹ᩍᰍŖᯕၽᔾ⦹ʑভྙᯕŁ᳑ᔍࡹᨩ݅. ੱ⦽,
℁ɝŖᔍḥ⧪ŝᱶᔢ႑ɝŖࠥa⦥ᙹᱢᯕḡอ℁ɝ᯲ᨦŖᯕ
ᅕʑᨱࠥ໕ᯕᅖᰂ⦹ᩍ⪽ᬊᯕᨕಖ݅۵᮹čᯕฯᦹ݅. əญŁ
℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍ᮹ษḡส݉ĥᯙŖá⊂݉ĥᨱᕽᗭࡹ۵e
ᮡ90ᇥᯕⅩŝࡽ݅۵᮹čᯕ90%ෝ₉ḡ⦹ᩡ݅. ᕽᅙᩑǍᨱ ᕽ۵ᖅྙ᳑ᔍᨱᕽࠥ⇽ࡽ℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍ᮹ᨕಅᬡᮥ⧕ᗭ⧁ᙹ
ᯩࠥಾ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦽℁ɝŖᔍ႑ɝá⊂AR ᱢᬊ⥥ಽᖙ ᜅෝ Ǎᖒ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.
4. ℁ɝŖᔍ႑ɝá⊂ᮥ᭥⦽AR ᱢᬊ⥥ಽᖙᜅᱽ
4.1 శֽࢼֽվॷଭۚծஹԳ෮ਓ׆২ୡୣఙ ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᦿᕽᙹ⧪⦽℁ɝŖᔍᨦྕᱩ₉᮹ᇥᕾᮥ☁ݡಽ
℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍᨱ᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥᱢᬊ⦹ʑ᭥⦽⥥ಽᖙᜅෝᱽ
⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.
ᬑᖁ, ᯝၹÕᖅᨦℕᨱᕽŖᔍෝᙹᵝ⦹ᩍᱥྙÕᖅᨦℕᨱ᯦ₑ ĥ᧞ᯕᯕᨕḡ໕, ℁ɝᱥྙÕᖅᨦℕᨱᕽ℁ɝ႑ɝŖࠥၰBar- List, Bar-Scheduleᮥ᯲ᖒ⦹íࡽ݅. əญŁᯕෝʑၹᮝಽᱥྙÕ ᖅᨦℕᨱᕽ۵ ᷾v⩥ᝅᮥ ᭥⦽ 3D ༉ߙย ᯲ᨦŝ ᝅᱽ ⩥ᰆᨱ
ᱢ⧊⦽ษ⍅ෝᔾᖒ⦹۵᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦽݅. əญŁᯕෝÕᖅ⩥ᰆ
ʑᵡᱱᨱᇡ₊⦹ᩍ, ℁ɝ႑ɝᮥ᭥⦽ᔍᱥƱᮂŝ℁ɝ႑ɝá⊂ᮥ
᭥⦽ ᷾v⩥ᝅᮥ Ǎ⩥⦹í ࡽ݅.
4.2 ஹԳ෮ਓ׆২ୡඹߦপਆ
ᅙ ᱩᨱᕽ۵ ℁ɝ ႑ɝŖࠥ ᇥᕾ, 3D ༉ߙย, ษ⍅ ᔾᖒ, Õᖅ⩥ᰆʑᵡᱱษ⍅ᇡ₊, Õᖅ⩥ᰆᝅᱽᯕၙḡᇩ్᪅ʑ, ษ⍅
⇵ᱢၰ➉▕ᯙ, ႑ɝࠥ3D ༉ߙ⪶ᯙŝzᯕⅾ7݉ĥಽǍᖒࡽ
℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍ᮹᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᱢᬊ⥥ಽᖙᜅᨱݡ⧕Fig. 5ŝ
zᯕ ݉ĥᄥಽ ᔢᖙ ᨦྕᱩ₉ෝ ᱽ⦽݅.
4.2.1 శֽࢼֽਏվܑंজ
᷾v⩥ᝅʑᚁᮥ℁ɝ႑ɝŖᔍᨱᱢᬊ┅ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ۵℁ɝ᮹
3D ༉ߙยᮥ᭥⦽ᱶᅕ≉ा᯲ᨦᯕ⦥⦹݅. ᯕෝ᭥⦹ᩍ⧕ݚ
⥥ಽ᱾✙᮹Ŗĥ⫮ᕽ, ℁ɝ႑ɝࠥ, ℁ɝᔢᖙࠥၰ℁ɝᰍഭ⢽᮹
ᇥᕾᮥᙹ⧪⦽݅. ᯱഭᇥᕾᮥ☁ݡಽ℁ɝ᮹ḢĞၰʙᯕ, ᖅ⊹᭥
⊹ᨱ ෙ ℁ɝᇥඹℕĥ᪡ ℁ɝ ႑ɝᙽᕽࠥෝ ᯲ᖒ⦽݅. ✚⯩,
℁ɝ᮹ ᦩᖒᮥ ׳ᯝ ᙹ ᯩࠥಾ ℁ɝ᮹ ᰍḩ, ᳦ඹ ၰ ǖʑᨱ
ᔪᔢᮥḡᱶ⦹ᩍ3D ༉ߙᨱᱢᬊ⧁ᙹᯩࠥಾ⦽݅. ᅙ݉ĥᨱ ᕽ᯲ᖒ⦽℁ɝ႑ɝᙽᕽࠥ۵ๅᬑᅖᰂ⦽℁ɝ႑ɝ᯲ᨦ᮹⪝ᮥ
qᗭ┅ʑ᭥⦽ႊᦩᮝಽ⬥⧪᯲ᨦᯙ3D ༉ߙย݉ĥෝ᭥⦽
ʑⅩᯱഭಽ ᔍᬊࡽ݅.
4.2.2 3D ࡦ܄ࠫ
3D ༉ߙย݉ĥᨱᕽ۵ᯕᱥ݉ĥᨱᕽᔾᖒࡽ℁ɝᇥඹℕĥ᪡
Fig. 5. Process of AR Application for Rebar Work
℁ɝ႑ɝᙽᕽࠥෝʑၹᮝಽ3D ༉ߙย݉᭥ෝᖅᱶ⦹íࡽ݅.
3D ༉ߙย݉᭥, ᔢᬊ༉ߙยToolᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ℁ɝ༉ߙยᮥ
ᙹ⧪⧁, ⦹ӹ᮹❭ᯝᨱ༉ߙย⦹۵℁ɝ᮹Ŗ᳦ᙹෝ᮹ၙ⦽݅.
ᯕ۵ᩍ᳦్ඹ᮹℁ɝᯕṈᮡeĊᮝಽᵲℊࡹᨕ႑ɝࢉᮝಽ៉
ၽᔾ⦹۵᯲ᨦ᪅ඹෝ↽ᗭ⪵⦹۵ႊᦩᮝಽ3D ݉᭥ᄥಽeఖ⦹í
༉ߙยࡽ℁ɝᮥᙽ₉ᱢᮝಽǍ⩥⧉ᮝಽᕽ᯲ᨦᯱa℁ɝᮥᄥ
⦹۵ߑᬊᯕ⧁ᙹᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽3D ༉ߙย᮹݉᭥۵ᙹḢ, ḡḡ
ၰᙹ⠪℁ɝ॒᮹ᯝၹᱢᯙ℁ɝ႑ɝᙽᕽ᪡eĊᨱ⦹ӹ᮹
❭ᯝᨱ ༉ߙย ࡹ۵ ℁ɝ᮹ Ŗ᳦ ᙹa đᱶࡽ݅.
℁ɝ᮹႑ɝ᭥⊹᪡eĊᮥŁಅ⦽3D ༉ߙย݉᭥aᖅᱶࡹ໕
ᔢᬊ༉ߙยToolᮥᔍᬊ⦹ᩍ℁ɝ᮹3D ༉ߙย᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦹Ł,
᪥ᖒࡽ3D ༉ߙᮡVRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language)
❭ᯝಽ ᄡ⪹⦽݅.
4.2.3 AR ࠬಝনࢫ3D ࡀෆ
ᖙჩṙ݉ĥᨱᕽ۵3D ༉ߙ᮹ᯙๅ}ℕᯙษ⍅ෝᔾᖒ⦹Ł, 3D ༉ߙ᮹ᩑĥෝ᭥⦽๖⦲(Mapping) ᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦽݅. ʑ᳕
ᔢᬊ⪵ࡽษ⍅᮹᳦ඹᨱ۵ษ⍅⩶, ษ⍅ญᜅ⩶ᐱอᦥܩGPS
॒ŝzᮡ᭥⊹⊂ᱶʑᚁᮥ⪽ᬊ⦽ႊჶᯕᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽ႊჶॅᮡ
ᔍᬊࡽ ᗭ⥥✙ᭉᨕ, ⊂ᱶ ᰆ⊹᮹ ᖒ܆ᐱอ ᦥܩ ⊂ᱶ ⪹Ğᨱ
ษ⍅᮹ ᯙ ᖒ܆ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ᵡ݅. ✚⯩ Õᖅ⩥ᰆ᮹ Ğᬑ, ᵝಽᝅᨱᕽ᯲ᨦᯕᙹ⧪ࡹʑভྙᨱษ⍅᮹ᯙᨱฯᮡÙฝ࠭
ᯕ ᳕ᰍ⦹í ࡽ݅. ᯕ్⦽ ᧞ᱱᮥ ↽ᗭ⪵⦹ʑ ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ ݅᧲⦽
ษ⍅ॅ᮹⩥ᰆá᷾ᯕ⦥⦹ӹ, ⩥ᝅᱢᯙᩍÕᔢᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵
ษ⍅⩶ ႊᮥ ᱢᬊ⦽݅.
ᯕෝ᭥⧕Unifeye SDK (Software Development Kit) 3.5ෝ
ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍษ⍅⩶ႊᮝಽษ⍅ෝᔾᖒ⦹Ł, ⩥ᰆ᮹Ƚ༉᪡HMD Ǎ࠺ÑญෝŁಅ⦹ᩍษ⍅᮹Ⓧʑෝᖅᱶ⦽݅. ษ⍅ᔾᖒᯕ᪥ഭࡹ
໕, bb᮹ษ⍅ᨱ3D ༉ߙᮥ๖⦲⦹۵᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦹۵ߑ, ℁ɝ᮹
႑ɝŝá⊂ᙽᕽᨱ฿í༉ߙยࡽ❭ᯝᮥ࠺ᯝ⦽ษ⍅ᨱ॒ಾ⦹ᩍ
℁ɝ႑ɝၰá⊂ᙽᕽᨱ⧕ݚ3D ༉ߙᮥǍ⩥⧁ᙹᯩࠥಾ
⦽݅.
4.2.4 Սড෮ୋ׆ஜࠬಝऀచ
օჩṙ݉ĥᨱᕽ۵ᦿᕽᔾᖒࡽ3D ༉ߙŝᝅᱽ⩥ᰆ~ℕෝ
ᵲℊ┅ʑ᭥⦽᯲ᨦᯕḥ⧪ࡽ݅. ⩥ᰆᨱᖅ⊹ࡹ۵ษ⍅᮹᭥⊹ᨱ
Ǎ⩥ࡹ۵ 3D ༉ߙ᮹ ᭥⊹a đᱶࡹʑ ভྙᨱ 3D ༉ߙย
᯲ᨦᖅᱶ⦽3D ༉ߙ᮹(x, y, z) ᳭⢽ʑᵡᱱŝ⩥ᰆʑᵡᱱᮥ
ᯝ⊹┅۵äᯕᵲ⦹݅. ə్ӹᝅᱽ⩥ᰆᨱᕽ3D ༉ߙ᮹᳭⢽
ʑᵡᱱŝᱶ⪶⯩ᯝ⊹⦹۵Ŕᨱษ⍅ෝᖅ⊹⦹۵äᮡᨕಅᬡᯕ
ෙ݅. ᕽษ⍅ᖅ⊹⬥᷾v⩥ᝅǍ⩥ᜅ▽ᮥ☖⦽ʑᵡᱱ
᳑ᱶ ᯲ᨦᯕ ⦥⦹݅.
ʑᵡᱱ᳑ᱶ᮹ᵝᦩᱱᮡ3D ༉ߙ᮹x, y, z ⇶ॅᯕᔢ⪙ၡᱲ⦹í
ᩑĥࢁᙹᯩࠥಾ᳑ᱶ᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦹۵äᯕ݅. อ᧞ᯕෝอ᳒⦹ḡ
Table 1. Test Result of Recognition Rate by Marker’S Size and Distance
Marker size
Number of test
Distance between HMD and marker
1m 2m 3m 4m 5m
5cm X 5cm
1 O O X X X
2 O O O X X
3 O O O X X
4 O O X X X
5 O O X X X
rate 100% 100% 40% 0% 0%
14cm X 14cm
1 O O O O O
2 O O O O X
3 O O O X O
4 O O O O X
5 O O O O O
rate 100% 100% 100% 80% 60%
28cm X 28cm
1 O O O O O
2 O O O O O
3 O O O O O
4 O O O O O
5 O O O O O
rate 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
༜⦹໕⦽ᱱᨱᕽᱶ⪶⦽᳑ᱶᮥ⦹ࠥ݅ෙႊ⨆᮹ᱱᨱ ᕽ۵ ᪅₉a ၽᔾ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
ᯕෝ᭥⧕ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵2}᮹⋕ີෝ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍʑᵡᱱ᳑ᱶ
᯲ᨦᮥᙹ⧪⦽݅. ຝᱡ, 2}᮹⋕ີ۵ݡᔢษ⍅ෝʑᱱᮝಽ࠺ᯝ
⦽Łࠥ᪡Ñญෝᮁḡ⦹໕ᕽᔢ⪙Ḣbႊ⨆ᯕࢁᙹᯩࠥಾᖅ⊹⦽
݅. əญŁᖅ⊹ࡽ2}᮹⋕ີಽᇡ░᷾v⩥ᝅᮥǍ⩥⦽݅. ᯕෝ
☖⧕ ℌ ჩṙ ⋕ີᨱᕽ۵ Ǎ⩥ 3D ༉ߙ᮹ ᱥ໕ᮥ ⪶ᯙ⧁ ᙹ
ᯩŁ, ࢱჩṙ⋕ີᨱᕽ۵ᱥ໕ᨱḢbᯕࡹ۵3D ༉ߙ᮹⊂໕ᮥ
⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩ݅. ✚⯩ᯕॅᮡᯝᱶ⦽Łࠥ᪡ᯕ࠺Ñญෝᮁḡ⦹Ł
ᯩʑ ভྙᨱ Ǎ⩥ࡽ 3D ༉ߙ᮹ ⇶ᮡ ࠺ᯝ⦹݅.
ᯕ᪡ zᮡ ᳑Õᨱᕽ۵ 3D ༉ߙ᮹ x, y ᳭⢽ ᯕ࠺ᨱ ݡ⦽ z
⇶᮹ ᄡ⪵ෝ ᛞí ❭ᦦ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅. ᷪ, ℌ ჩṙ ⋕ີᨱᕽ 3D
༉ߙ᮹ x, y ᳭⢽ ᯕ࠺ ᄡ⪵ෝ ᔕ⦝Ł, ᯕᨱ ෙ z ⇶ ᳭⢽᮹
ᄡ⪵ෝࢱჩṙ⋕ີಽᇡ░≉ा⧉ᮝಽ៉x, y, z ⇶ॅᯕ༉ࢱ
Łಅࡽ ᳑ᱶ ᯲ᨦᯕ a܆⧕ḥ݅.
ੱ⦽, ᝅᱽᔍಡᱢᬊᨱᕽᯕ᪡zᮡʑᵡᱱ᳑ᱶ᯲ᨦᨱฯᮡ
eᯕÙญḡᦫ۵äᮥŁಅ⦹໕, ᜅ▽᮹ᬕᩢᮝಽอʑᵡᱱᮥ
᳑ᱶ⦹۵ äᯕ ᯲ᨦ᮹ ⬉ᮉᖒᮥ ׳ᯕ۵ ႊჶᯕ ࢁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
4.2.5 Սড෮ୋਓ୪ଲࢠऄ߇ૈ׆
Ŗᔍ⩥ᰆᨱษ⍅aᇡ₊ࡹ໕᷾v⩥ᝅᮥ⪽ᬊ⦽á⊂ᮥᙹ⧪⦹
ʑ᭥⦽ᵡእa᪥ഭࡹᨩ݅Ł⧁ᙹᯩ݅. ษ⍅ෝ☖⦽3D ~ℕ۵
⍕⥉░᪡ᩑđࡽb᳦ॵᜅ⥭౩ᯕᰆ⊹ෝ☖⧕Ǎ⩥ࢁᙹᯩᮝ໑,
✚⯩ HMDෝ ⪽ᬊ⧁ Ğᬑ ⩥ᝅqŝ ༑᯦qᮥ ɚݡ⪵⧁ ᙹ
ᯩ݅. HMD ᰆእ۵ᯱℕԕᰆࡹᨕᯩ۵⋕ີෝ☖⧕ᇡᩢᔢᮥ
ၼᦥॅᯕŁ, ษ⍅ ᯙᮥ ☖⧕ ⍕⥉░ᔢᨱᕽ ᯕၙḡ ญࡽ 3D
~ℕෝ ࢱ }᮹ Microdisplays ᔢᨱ ᵲℊ┕ᮝಽ៉ ᔍᬊᯱ۵
HMDᨱǍ⩥ࡽᝅᱽᩢᔢŝaᔢ3D ~ℕ᮹እƱ, ⪶ᯙᯕa܆⦹݅.
ə్ӹHMD᮹Ğᬑ, ᯲ᨦᯱ᮹ෝᱽ⦽⧉ᮝಽᕽᦩᱥᔍŁෝ
ᮁၽ⧁ᙹᯩ݅. ᕽ᯲ᨦ᮹ᵲࠥၰ3D ༉ߙ᮹ๅ⋎ᙹᵡᨱ
ॵᜅ⥭౩ᯕ ᰆ⊹ෝ ᄡĞ⦹ᩍ ᔍᬊ⦹۵ äᯕ ⬉ŝᱢᯕ݅.
4.2.6 ࠬಝୡࢫ൪ഋਐ
ᅙ ݉ĥᨱᕽ۵ ⋕ີෝ ☖⧕ ษ⍅ෝ ᯙ⦹Ł 3D ~ℕෝ
Ǎ⩥⦽݅. HMD ᰆ⊹᮹ Ğᬑ, HMDᨱ ᰆ₊ࡽ ⋕ີෝ ☖⧕
᯦ಆࡽ ᱥℕ ᯕၙḡෝ ┱ᔪ⦹ᩍ ษ⍅᮹ ᳕ᰍ ᩍᇡෝ ┱ᔪ⦹Ł
ษ⍅᮹┱ᔪᖒŖᱶᅕෝ⇵⇽⦹ᩍ᭥⊹ᯙᨱᔍᬊࢁߑᯕ░ෝ
ࠥ⇽⦽݅. ᯕ᪡zᯕษ⍅ෝᯙ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ษ⍅᮹ᱥℕ⮲႒
ᯕၙḡaᗱᝅᨧᯕ⪵໕ᦩᨱ᭥⊹⧕⦹໑, ᯕ్⦽ษ⍅ᯙᮥ
☖⧕ ℁ɝ႑ɝ᮹ 3D ༉ߙᯕ ษ⍅ ᔢᨱ Ǎ⩥ࡹí ࡽ݅. ᯕಽ៉
℁ɝ᮹႑ɝᙽᕽ᪡݉᭥ᄥಽ3D ႑ɝࠥ᮹እƱá⊂ᮥ᭥⦽ᵡእ
᯲ᨦᯕ ᪥ഭࡽ݅.
4.2.7 3D ࡦ܄րਓ୪ࢼֽశֽଭค
ษḡส݉ĥᨱᕽ۵℁ɝ᮹႑ɝᙽᕽ᪡ᝅᱽ⩥ᰆᨱ႑ɝࡹᨕḥ
℁ɝ᮹႑ɝᔢ┽ෝbᱢᮝಽ❭ᦦ⧁ᙹᯩࠥಾ3D ݉᭥ᄥಽ
᯲ᖒࡽ❭ᯝᮥಽऽ┉݅. ℁ɝ❭ᯝ᮹ಽऽᙽᕽ۵ᔍᬊᬊࠥᨱ
℁ɝ᮹႑ɝᙽᕽ᪡℁ɝá⊂ᙽᕽಽǍᇥ⦹ᩍǍ⩥⦽݅.
ᯕෝ ☖⧕ ᔍᬊᯱ۵ HMDෝ ☖⧕ ℁ɝ᮹ ႑ɝ ᙽᕽ᪡ ᭥⊹ෝ
❭ᦦ⧁ ᙹ ᯩᮥ ᐱอ ᦥܩ ᔪᔢᱶᅕෝ ☖⧕ ℁ɝ᮹ ᰍḩ ၰ
ǖʑ ॒᮹ ᰍഭ ᱶᅕෝ ⪶ᯙ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
5. AR ᱢᬊ⥥ಽᖙᜅ᮹⩥ᰆᱢᬊᮥ☖⦽ႊჶುá᷾
5.1 ࠬಝଭ෮ୋୡনഓਆൈ
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵᷾v⩥ᝅᮥᯕᬊ⦽℁ɝ႑ɝá⊂⥥ಽᖙᜅ᮹
⩥ᰆᱢᬊᨱ ᦿᕽ ษ⍅᮹Ⓧʑ᪡ Ñญᨱ ෙᯙශ ▭ᜅ✙ෝ
ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ☁༊ᖅྜྷᮡᝅԕ⪹Ğᅕ݅۵ᝅ⪹Ğᨱᕽ᮹᯲ᨦ ᨱᵲᱱᮥࢱŁᯩᮝအಽ, Ñญᨱෙษ⍅᮹ᯙශᨱݡ⦽Łಅa
⦥ᙹᱢᯕ݅. ᕽHMDaᖅ⊹ࡹᨕǍ࠺ࢁভᨱᯙa܆⦽
ษ⍅᪡᮹ Ñญෝ ❭ᦦ⦹ʑ ᭥⧕ Ⓧʑa ݅ෙ ษ⍅ෝ ᇡ₊⦹ᩍ
HMD ᮹ ษ⍅ ᯙශ ▭ᜅ✙ෝ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡᮝ໑ ə đŝ۵ Table
1ŝ z݅.
Table 2. Summary of Field Application Name of
case project GFarm road paving construction Location of
construction Gcity Gstate Construction
summary
Culvert (2.5X2.0) L=4.0m Farm road paving L=150.0m, B=3.0m
Fig. 6. Rebar Drawings for Case Project
B%.PEFMJOHGPS5SFCBS C%.PEFMJOHGPS5 5SFCBS
D.BSLFS(FOFSBUJPO E*OTUBMMBUJPO.BSLFSPOUIF4JUF
3FGFSFODF1PJOU F0CUBJONFOU3FBM*NBHFTPG
$POTUSVDUJPO4JUF
