Effect of size and slope angle of tooth-shaped asperity on shear fracturing characteristics

(1)

*Corresponding author: Seok-Won Lee E-mail: [email protected]

Received July 4, 2013; Revised July 17, 2013;

Accepted July 26, 2013

ᔝb⩶࠭⇽ᇡ᮹ⓍʑၰĞᔍbᯕᱥ݉❭ƕ⩶ᔢ✚ᖒᨱ

ၙ⊹۵ᩢ⨆

׌଀ֽ ȵౖ૴૳ ȵࢮஂ۴ ȵଲজ଀

Ҽধڙ ॢĶսۙڙėԐ

ॡԦধڙ æĶʂॡİԐধঞą֨֟ࢰėॡęԵԐę܁

܁ধڙ æĶʂॡİԐধঞą֨֟ࢰėॡęİս

Effect of size and slope angle of tooth-shaped asperity on shear fracturing characteristics

Won-Keun Kim

¹

, Woo-Yong Choi

²

, Jong-Deok Park

²

, Seok-Won Lee

³

*

1

Korea Water Resources Corporation

2

Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Master Student

3

Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Professor

ABSTRACT: Most of previous studies have insufficiently investigated the shear behavior and fracturing characteristics, experimentally in respect to the change of size of tooth-shaped surface asperity such as length and slope angle in a broad range. This study investigates the influence of the length and slope angle of a tooth-shaped surface asperity on the fracturing characteristics and the interface shear strength by using direct shear test apparatus. A total of 36 interface direct shear tests were conducted by changing the three types of slope angle of surface asperity, four type of length, and three types of normal stress. The shape of fractured surface after the test was quantified by using a three-dimensional surface roughness measurement apparatus. Through the experimental test results, the characteristics of fractured shape of surface asperity according to the normal stress were investigated. In addition, fractured length and height were quantified at each slope angle of surface asperity under a certain normal stress condition.

Keywords: Tooth-shaped asperity, Shear behavior, Size effect, Fractured shape, Surface asperity

ߣ΀ şܕۆٍĵقԴԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌ʮ߻ҙţۋфʮ߻ҙąԐÁѺজق˰δۻɳäʴфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقʂॢ

ġѩڦॢ֬ॹۺٍĵəҙܔॠٕɰٍ҆ĵقԴəݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆۻɳäʴقەرԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋ

фąԐÁ࣢Ձۋशϸʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںőϼॠČۙॢɰۋεڦॠيʮ߻ҙţۋəÀݓͿѺঞॠٕČ սݔڿͳڹÀݓͿ ŔνČʮ߻ҙąԐÁڹÒۆÁʪͿѺঞॠϸԴߪধۆ֨ॹںսॱॠٕɰ֨ॹںսॱॢ֨ठڹ޲ڙ

঍Ԝࠑ܁şεԐڌॠيࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں܁͟ۺڷͿқԵॠٕɰۋ͠ॢ֨ॹںࣀॠي սݔڿͳѺজق˰δʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ

࣢ՁںܓԐॠٕɰ̚ॢÁÁۆąԐÁقԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋεѺজ֨ࡈ֨ॹںսॱ॥ڷͿ׆ ࣢܁սݔڿͳॠقԴʮ߻ҙÀࣷĨʼ əţۋфȭۋε܁ۆॠٕɰ

ܳڅرԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙ ۻɳäʴ ࡾşমę ࣷĨ঍Ԝ शϸʮ߻ҙ

$PQZSJHIU ,PSFBO5VOOFMMJOHBOE6OEFSHSPVOE4QBDF"TTPDJBUJPO

ᕽು

Patton (1966) ڹʮ߻ҙäࠜşε܁঍জॠيսݔ ڿͳę߯ʂۻɳÌʪۆԜěěćεۋܼԸ঍ϿʝͿ

܃֨ॠٕɰ. ő࠙ۺۍࢾɦ঍ࢗۆʮ߻ҙͿ֬ॹں

֬֨ॢPatton (1966)ڹş҆υ޶Áęʮ߻ҙۆÁʪ

(2)

Fig. 1. Direct shear test apparatus

Fig. 2. Test specimen

εۻɳϿʝقъٖॠٕɰ. ۋεঝʂॠيۼνϸۻ ɳäʴě۾قԴ҃ϸ, Patton (1966)ۆۋܼԸ঍Ͽʝ ڹҼԸ঍ۺۍ֬܃ؒԵۼνϸقԴۆۻɳࣷĨप

͇Ըۆ঍ࢗٮə޲ۋÀەɰ. ŔνॠيLadanyi and Archambault (1970), Barton (1973), Goodman (1976), Bandis et al. (1983), Qiu et al. (1993), Hong (2005), Lee et al. (2006) ˣۋࣷĨप͇ԸۆҼԸ঍ۺ࣢Ձں

ČͲॢ ąॹۺ ۻɳϿʝں ܃֨ॠٕɰ. ߯Ŗقə

Yang and Chiang (2000) ۋPatton (1966)ęڮԐॠó

ԘÁ঍ʮşϿʝںԐڌॠي֬ॹۺڷͿؒъۼνϸ قԴۆ۾ݕۺۍۻɳäʴںशϸ঍Ԝۆ՜Ԝ࣢Ձ ںԐڌॠيٍĵॠٕɰ. ԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙεۋڌॢս

࠘३Եۺٍĵقʂ३Դə, Kim et al. (2012a)əۓۙ

ٮҼࣷթԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙقԴۆۻɳäʴقʂॠي

ٍĵॠٕČ, Kim et al. (2012b)əԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆ

ࣷթÀۻɳäʴقй࠘əٖॳقʂॠيս࠘३Եۺ ڷͿٍĵॠٕɰ.

ۋ͠ॢşܕٍĵ˞ںܓԐॠي҃ϸ, ʂҙқۆ

ٍĵقԴʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊) фʮ߻ҙ

ąԐÁ(i°) Ѻজق˰δۻɳäʴфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձق

ʂॢٍĵÀҙܔॠٕɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵقԴəݔۿ ۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيʮ߻ҙۻɳϸۆۻɳäʴق

ەرԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋфąԐÁ࣢Ձۋशϸʮ߻ҙ ۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںőϼॠČۙॢɰ.

ۋεڦॠيʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊)ə4ÀݓͿѺঞॠٕČ, սݔڿͳ(쩒 n ) ڹ3ÀݓͿ, ŔνČʮ߻ҙąԐÁ(i)ڹ

3 ÒۆÁʪͿѺঞॠϸԴߪ36ধۆ֨ॹںսॱॠٕ

ɰ. ֨ॹںսॱॢ֨ठڹ3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁şεԐڌॠ يࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں܁͟ۺڷͿқԵॠٕɰ. ۋ͠ॢ

֨ॹںࣀॠي, սݔڿͳѺজق˰δʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ

঍Ԝ࣢ՁںܓԐॠČۙॢɰ. ̚ॢÁÁۆąԐÁق Դʮ߻ҙţۋεѺজ֨ࡈ֨ॹںսॱ॥ڷͿ׆, ࣢

܁սݔڿͳॠقԴʮ߻ҙÀࣷĨʼəţۋфȭۋ ε܁ۆॠČۙॢɰ.

᜽⨹ᰆእၰႊჶ

ٍ҆ĵقԴəʮ߻ҙۆࡾşфąԐÁۋʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںٍĵॠşڦ३Դ, ɰتॢࡾşфąԐÁۆʮ߻ҙεݓɨ֨ठںڍԸ ۺڷͿݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيʮ߻ҙۻɳ֨ॹ ںսॱॠČ, ۋͩóսॱʽ֨ठں3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁ş ͿࣷĨʽ঍Ԝںě޶ॠيқԵॠٕɰ.

Ḣᱲᱥ݉᜽⨹ʑၰ᜽⠙ᱽ᯲

ٍ҆ĵقԐڌʽݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşəFig. 1ęÏۋ

ۻɳԜۙÀ150 × 150 × 200 mm (ÀͿ× ՃͿ

× ȭۋ)ͿĵՁʼرەɰ. սथॠܼڹͿ˚Ն(load

cell) Ϳ, ŔνČսथѺڦٮսݔѺڦəLVDT (linear

variable differential transformer) εۋڌॠيࠑ܁ॠ

(3)

Fig. 4. Three-dimensional surface roughness measurement apparatus

(a) Before test

(b) After test

Fig. 5. Measurement of fracturing characteristics Fig. 3. Definition of 쩊 and i

ٕɰ. ۻɳ Ѻ঍ڱڹ ՚ʪ ܓۼ֨֟ࢰق ۆॠي

1.0~10 mm/min ūݓܓۼۋÀɠॢʚ, ٍ҆ĵقԴ

Ͽ˜֨ΒقԴ3 mm/minڷͿսॱॠٕɰ.

ٍ҆ĵقԴԐڌॢԘÁ঍शϸʮ߻ҙ֨ठڹ

Ͽ͒ٮԵČŔνČНۆѕ०Ҽε2 : 5 : 5Ϳॠٕɰ.

Ͽ͒əܳЛݕيęԐ(KS L 5100)ε, ԵČəʪۙş

঍ۦڌԵČ(KS L 9001)ε, НڹݒΪսεԐڌॠٕ

ɰ. ֨ठۆࡾşəFig. 2ٮÏۋÀͿ150 mm, ՃͿ

150 mm, ȭۋ200 mmۍݔگϸߕ঍ࢗͿݔۿۻɳ

֨ॹقԐڌॢǴҙۻɳԜۙۆࡾşٮʴێॠó

܃ۚॠٕɰ. ֨ठۆʮ߻ҙҙқڹ֨ठۆЃ˚Àڏ ʚقগںǴرԴʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊)ٮʮ߻ҙąԐÁ(i°) ںѺজ֨ࢇʮ߻ҙࣺں࢐ҙ޳ۋÀɠॠʪ΀܃ۚ

ॠٕɰ. ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊) фÁʪ(i)ۆ܁ۆəFig. 3ę

Ïɰ. Ԑڌॢ֨ठۆؓ߹Ìʪεࠑ܁ॠşڦॠي쨵 100 mm × 200 mm ࡾşۆė֨ߕε܃ۚॠيێ߹ؓ

߹֨ॹںսॱॠٕɰ. ࠑ܁ʽ֨ठۆێ߹ؓ߹Ìʪə

5.1 MPa ۋؽɰ.

ٍ҆ĵقԴ֨ॹقۺڌॢѺսəʮ߻ҙÁʪ(i°), ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊), սݔڿͳ(쩒 n ) ڷͿ, iə10, 20, 30°Ϳ

Ѻজ֨ࡎČ, 쩊Gə4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 cmͿѺজ֨ࡎڷ϶, υݓφڷͿ쩒 n ڹ100, 200, 400 kPaͿۺڌॠٕɰ.

˰͆Դߪ36ধۆʮ߻ҙݔۿۻɳ֨ॹںսॱॠ

ٕɰ.

₉ᬱ⢽໕⩶ᔢ⊂ᱶʑ

ԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙÀݔۿۻɳ֨ॹۻ঳قѺজॠə

঍Ԝںࠑ܁ॠşڦॠيFig. 4ęÏۋ3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁

şεԐڌॠٕɰ. ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيशϸ঍Ԝںࠑ

(4)

Fig. 6. Direct shear test apparatus with test specimen

܁ॢٚͿFig. 5(a)əݔۿۻɳ֨ॹں֨ॱॠşۻۆ

֨ठ঍ԜۋČ, Fig. 5(b)əݔۿۻɳ֨ॹںυ࠘Č

Ǧ঳ۆࣷĨʽ֨ठ঍Ԝۋɰ.

᜽⨹ᙽᕽ

ݔۿۻɳ֨ॹںսॱॠşڦॠيڍԸۺڷͿԘÁ

঍ʮ߻ҙ֨ठںχ˞ؽɰ. ֨ठۆ܃ۚڹйνĀ܁

ʽѕ०ҼͿѕ०ॢঔ०ۦΒεЃ˚قҤČ24֨Â

ʴ؋Ѓ˚؋قԴæܓ֨ࢇ঳, Ѓ˚ٮ֨ठںқν֨

ࡈߪ15ێʴ؋(ЀशÌʪÀʪɵॣ˺ūݓ) ٍۙæܓ

֨ࡎɰ. ۋ˺֨ठقėŕۋԦՁʼəìں߯ՙজॠ şڦ३ČИϐ࠘Ϳć՚३Դ˃˚Ͳܳؽɰ. ֨ठۋ

ĸڹ঳, ݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşۆॠҙࣺقԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙ

֨ठۆॠҙεČ܁֨ࢇɰ(Fig. 6). Ŕ঳Ԝҙࣺں

ॠҙࣺڦقČ܁֨ࢇɰڼ, սݔڿͳںÀॢɰ. ۋ˺

սݔڿͳڹێ܁ॠܼܓæںۺڌॠٕɰ. ۻɳ՚ʪ

3 mm/min ͿۻɳѺڦÀ40 mm (߯ʂʮ߻ҙţۋ

75 mm ۆ1/2҃ɰࡾóۻɳѺڦÀێرǣʪ΀ॠş

ڦ३)Àʾ˺ūݓۻɳںć՚֨ࡎɰ. 40 mmۆۻɳ ѺڦÀێرǦ঳, ݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεқνॠيࣷĨ ʽ֨Βε3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁şεۋڌॠيŔ঍Ԝں

ࠑ܁ॠČۻɳࣷĨۻۆ֨Β঍ԜęҼİқԵॠ

ٕɰ.

Ḣᱲᱥ݉᜽⨹đŝ

ᱥ݉ᄡ⩶ᨱ঑ෙᱥ݉vࠥ✚ᖒ

şܕۆٍĵقԴəʮ߻ҙۻɳäʴقەرԴࡾó

ٖॳںй࠘əڅՙͿʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁχںČͲॠ Č, ʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌, ʮ߻ҙţۋۆٖॳڹäۆ

ٍĵʼݓ؍ؕɰ. ˰͆Դ҆ȦЛقԴəʮ߻ҙţۋ Àʮ߻ҙۻɳäʴقй࠘əٖॳںٍĵॠşڦॠ يʮ߻ҙąԐÁںÁÁ10, 20, 30°ͿČ܁ॢɰڼق, ÁÁۆսݔڿͳ100, 200, 400 kPaقԴʮ߻ҙţۋ

Ѻজ(4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 cm)ق˰δۻɳäʴںٍĵॠ

ٕɰ. սݔڿͳںۋͩó܁ॢۋڮə, 100 kPaقԴə

йǏ͠ݙقʂॢۻɳäʴں, 400 kPaقԴəʮ߻ҙ Àٰۻ০ۻɳʼəٰۻۻɳࣷĨε, ŔνČ200 kPa ڹ˃ÀݓäʴۆܼÂäʴں҃şڦ३ԴԸ܁ॠٕ

ɰ. ҆ȦЛقԴйǏ͠ݙۋ͈ۻɳę܁ܼقԴʮ߻

ҙÀࣷĨʼݓ؍ČйǏ͠܋٤͆࢒ڷͿ׆սݔѺڦ (dilation) ÀьԦॠəę܁ںϊॢɰ.

Fig. 7 ڹʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁں10°ͿČ܁֨ࢅČսݔ ڿͳں100, 200, 400 kPaͿѺজ֨ࡎں˺, ʮ߻ҙ

ţۋ(쩊)ق˰δۻɳѺڦ-ۻɳڿͳۆěćε҃يܳ

Čەɰ. Ͽ˜ŔρقԴ҃يܳˢۋ, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ

4.5 cm قԴ7.5 cmͿݒÀॣս΀ۻɳڿͳۋ۾۾

ݒÀॠəìں؎սەɰ. ̚ॢʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ

10° ۍ֨ठۆۻɳڿͳڹʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ20°, 30°

ۆ֨ठęҼİ॰ں˺߯ʂۻɳÌʪε҃ۋČǦ

঳ۻɳڿͳۋۻߕۺڷͿێ܁ॢÉڷͿսͶॠə

ąॳۋ҃ۍɰ. ąԐÁ10°قԴսݔڿͳۋ100 kPa ێ˺(Fig. 7(a))əʮ߻ҙţۋق˰δۻɳڿͳۆ

޲ۋÀɰδŔ॒͒قҼ३ɂق̺ó҃ۋݓ؍Č,

ۻɳۋݕॱʼəʴ؋йǏ͠ݙইԜۋьԦॠيۻ

ɳڿͳÉۋݒÀÇՙεъ҄ॠٕɰ. йǏ͠ݙইԜ

قۆॠيŔ॒͒ϿتۋۻߕۺڷͿࢾɦϿتںۋ

ΘČەəìڷͿࣺɳʽɰ. ąԐÁ10°قԴսݔڿͳ

ۋ200 kPa, 400 kPaێ˺(Figs. 7(b), (c))əԜʂۺڷ

(5)

(a) ɍ

n

=100 kPa

(b) ɍ

n

=200 kPa

(c) ɍ

n

=400 kPa

Fig. 7. Shear stress-displacement curves for i=10°

(a) ɍ

n

=100 kPa

(b) ɍ

n

=200 kPa

(c) ɍ

n

=400 kPa

Fig. 8. Shear stress-displacement curves for i=20°

Ϳȭڹսݔڿͳںܳؽş˺ЛقйǏ͠ݙইԜڹ

ࡾóێرǣݓ؍ؕČ, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ4.5 cmقԴ

7.5 cm ͿݒÀॣս΀ۻɳڿͳÉۋݒÀॠəąॳۋ

̤͸ۋǣࢍǮɰ. ࣢০սݔڿͳ400 kPaقԴə߯ʂ

ۻɳÌʪÀÀۤࡾóǣࢍǮڷ϶, ۻɳڿͳÉۋ߯

ʂۻɳÌʪεݓǣČǦ঳ێ܁ॢÉڷͿսͶॠə

ąॳ(Yang and Chiang, 2000)ۋÀۤঝ֬ॠóǣࢍ

Ǯɰ.

ٍ҆ĵقԴəۻɳѺڦق˰δսݔѺڦʪě޶ॠ

ٕəʚ, սݔѺڦĀęͿ҃؉սݔڿͳۋ200 kPaę

400 kPa قԴəۻɳࣷĨÀьԦॠي, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ

ࢁս΀ۻɳÌʪÀݒÀॠəìۋ̤͸ۋǣࢍǮɰ.

ۋ͠ॢٍڮəʮ߻ҙţۋÀࡾɰəìڹʴێॢ

սݔڿͳقԴʪьԦॠəսݔѺڦεŔχࢂʌز܃

(6)

(a) ɍ

n

=100 kPa

(b) ɍ

n

=200 kPa

(c) ɍ

n

=400 kPa

Fig. 9. Shear stress-displacement curves for i=30°

ॠيآॢɰəìۋɰ. ݌, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀࢁս΀Ԝҙ Ϳ٤͆ÀəսݔȭۋÀ࠶ݙق˰͆ۻɳÌʪÀ

ݒÀॠóʽɰ.

Fig. 8 ڹʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁں20°ͿČ܁֨ࢅČսݔ ڿͳں100, 200, 400 kPaͿѺজ֨ࡎں˺, ʮ߻ҙ

ţۋق˰δۻɳѺڦ-ۻɳڿͳۆěćε҃يܳČ

ەɰ. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ20°ۍ֨ठقԴəʮ߻ҙۆ

ąԐÁۋ10°ۍ֨ठęҼİॠي, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀ

ॣս΀ۻɳڿͳۋݒÀॠəتԜۋʌڎ̤͸ॠó

ǣࢍǮɰ. ąԐÁ10°قԴսݔڿͳۋ100 kPaێ˺

(Fig. 7(a)) əйǏ͠ݙইԜ˺ЛقŔ॒͒Àࢾɦц

ࡲϿتۋؽݓχ, ąԐÁ20°قԴսݔڿͳۋ100 kPa ێ˺(Fig. 8(a))əʮ߻ҙÀйǏ͠ݙۋьԦʼݓ

؍əŔۋԜۆąԐÁںÀܐş˺ЛقйǏ͠ݙ

ইԜۋࡾóێرǣݓ؍ؕɰ. ąԐÁ10°قԴə߯ʂ ۻɳÌʪۋ঳ۻɳڿͳۋʂߕۺڷͿێ܁ॢÉڷͿ

սͶॠٕݓχ, ąԐÁ20°قԴ߯ʂۻɳÌʪۋ঳ۻ ɳڿͳÉۋÇՙॠəąॳںٕ҃ɰ. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐ Áۋ10°ۍąڍٮʴێॠóʮ߻ҙÁʪٮţۋÀ

ʴێॣąڍ, սݔڿͳۋݒÀ॥ق˰͆߯ʂۻɳÌ ʪÀݒÀॠəìں؎սەɰ.

Fig. 9 əʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁں30°ͿČ܁֨ࢅČսݔ ڿͳں100, 200, 400 kPaͿѺজ֨ࡎں˺, ʮ߻ҙ

ţۋق˰δۻɳѺڦ-ۻɳڿͳۆěćε҃يܳČ

ەɰ. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ30°ۍ֨ठڹąԐÁۋ20°

ۍ֨ठęʴێॠóʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ۻɳ ڿͳۋݒÀॠəتԜۋ̤͸ۋǣࢍǮڷ϶, йǏ͠

ݙইԜً֨äۆьԦॠݓ؍ؕɰ. ąԐÁ20°ۍ

ąڍٮąԐÁ30°ۍąڍεҼİॠϸ, ąԐÁۋ30°

ۍ֨ठۆۻɳѺڦ-ۻɳڿͳŔ॒͒À߯ʂۻɳÌʪ

ۋ঳ۻɳڿͳۋʌśॠóÇՙॠəąॳںٕ҃ɰ.

ᱥ݉໕ษₑb✚ᖒ

ʮ߻ҙąԐÁۋ10°, 20°, 30°ێ˺ۆʮ߻ҙţۋ ق˰δۻɳϸυ޶ÁںTable 1قǣࢍǴؽɰ. ۋ˺

ۺڌॢսݔڿͳڹ100, 200, 400 kPaۋɰ. ۻɳϸ

υ޶ÁۆĀęÉںҼİॠşڦॠي, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ

4.5 cm ۋČ, ʮ߻ҙąԐÁۋ10°, 20°, 30°ۍ֨ठۆ

۾޳ͳÉڷͿʮ߻ҙţۋÀ5.5 cm, 6.5 cm, 7.5 cm ۆ۾޳ͳÉں҃܁ॠٕɰ. ŔĀęʴێॢʮ߻ҙ

ţۋεÀݗ˺, ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ10°قԴ30°Ϳ

ݒÀॣս΀ۻɳϸυ޶Áۋ࠶ܐČ, ʴێॢʮ߻ҙ

(7)

Table 1. Friction angle according to 쩊

i (°) 쩊 (mm) Friction angle (°) 10

45 28.24

55 33.96

65 37.71

75 40.96

20 45 35.21

55 43.24

65 46.46

75 53.15

30 45 39.99

55 45.23

65 53.81

75 58.30

(a) 쩊=4.5 cm (b) 쩊=5.5 cm

(c) 쩊=6.5 cm (d) 쩊=7.5 cm

Fig. 10. Surface asperity shape after test for i=10°

ۆąԐÁںÀݕ֨ठقԴəʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣ

ս΀ۻɳϸυ޶ÁۋݒÀॠٕɰ. ٍ҆ĵقԴ۾޳

ͳÉں࣢܁ţۋͿ҃܁ॢìڹʮ߻ҙţۋѺজق

˰δۻɳϸυ޶ÁۆѺজε҃şڦ॥ۋɰ. ˰͆Դ

χأۼνϸۻɳäʴˣقۺڌॢɰϸۋ͠ॢ҃܁

ڹҝज़څॣìڷͿࣺɳʽɰ. ̚ॢٍ҆ĵقԴ܃֨

ॢۻɳϸυ޶Áڹ҃܁ʽÉۋдͿۋεݔۿۺڷ ͿۼνϸۻɳϿʝقۺڌॣսəػɰ. ٍ҆ĵقԴ

܃֨ॢۻɳϸυ޶Áڹʮ߻ҙεٰۻ০٤͆ࢍə

ąڍٮʮ߻ҙÀٰۻ০ۻɳʼə˃Àݓąڍۆ

ܼÂًٖقԴԓ܁ʽĀęͿԴ, ˰͆Դۋεݔۿۺ ڷͿPatton (1966)ۆۋܼԸ঍Ͽʝقۺڌॣսə

ػəĀęۋɰ.

₉ᬱ ⩶ᔢ⊂ᱶʑෝ ᯕᬊ⦽ ❭ƕ

⩶ᔢ✚ᖒ

ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ10°, 20°, 30°ێ˺, սݔڿͳں

100, 200, 400 kPa ͿѺজεܳرʮ߻ҙţۋق˰δ

ࣷĨ঍ԜںFig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12قÁÁǣࢍǴؽ ɰ. 3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁şεۋڌॠيࠑ܁ॢࣷĨ঍Ԝۆ

࣢ݜڹFig. 13قԴ҃ۍцٮÏۋʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆ

սथäν(쩊 f ) ٮʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋ(쩊 h ) Ϳő

(8)

(a) 쩊=4.5 cm (b) 쩊=5.5 cm

(c) 쩊=6.5 cm (d) 쩊=7.5 cm

Fig. 11. Surface asperity shape after test for i=20°

(a) 쩊=4.5 cm (b) 쩊=5.5 cm

(c) 쩊=6.5 cm (d) 쩊=7.5 cm

Fig. 12. Surface asperity shape after test for i=30°

(9)

Fig. 13. Definition of 쩊

f

and 쩊

h

Table 2. 쩊

f

and 쩊

h

according to ɍ

n

for i=10°, 20°, 30°

i=10°

쩊 (mm) ౚ

n

=100 kPa ౚ

n

=200 kPa ౚ

n

=400 kPa

쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm)

45 36.4 1.01 41.8 0.58 45 0

55 32 2.02 45.5 0.87 55 0

65 33.9 2.89 46.1 1.73 49.8 1.16

75 38.5 3.47 45.5 2.6 55.4 1.73

i=20°

쩊 (mm) ౚ

n

=100 kPa ౚ

n

=200 kPa ౚ

n

=400 kPa

쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm)

45 40.2 1.16 41.6 0.87 44.4 0.43

55 23.4 6.36 26.9 5.64 31.5 4.91

65 24.5 7.66 29.7 6.65 37.6 5.84

75 25.9 9.31 32.2 8.09 35 7.23

i=30°

쩊 (mm) ౚ

n

=100 kPa ౚ

n

=200 kPa ౚ

n

=400 kPa

쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm) 쩊

f

(mm) 쩊

h

(mm)

45 41.3 1.45 42.5 1.16 45 0

55 25.7 8.38 32.7 6.94 34.1 6.53

65 28.7 10.98 37.1 8.38 39.9 7.8

75 25.2 14.68 41.1 9.83 43.4 9.39

܁ॣսەɰ. ێҙ֨ठڹսथڷͿۻɳʼݓ؍Č

Ҽ֟ˠॠó۞ͲǣËɰ. ۋ͢ąڍۆࣷĨʽʮ߻ҙ ۆսथäνٮսݔȭۋəࣷĨϸۋथॱॠóǣࢍǦ

ĵÂęࣷĨۻ֨ठۆ঍Ԝۋχǣə۾ںۋرࣷĨ ʽʮ߻ҙۆսथäνٮսݔȭۋεࠑ܁ॠيĀę

Éںصؽɰ. ҆ȦЛقԴə3޲ڙڷͿࣷĨ঍Ԝں

ࠑ܁ॠٕڷǣ, ʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսथäνٮʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋε֨Βफں˰͆थŒॠي2޲ڙ ۺڷͿԓ߻ॠٕɰ. Table 2əFig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig.

12 ۆĀęεքۙͿʪशজॠيǣࢍǶìۋɰ. ʮ߻

ҙۆąԐÁۋÏČʮ߻ҙţۋÀʴێॣ˺, սݔڿ ͳںݒÀ֨ࢅϸʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսथäνə۾۾

ݒÀॠČʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋə۾۾Çՙॠٕ

ɰ. ɳ, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ4.5 cmۍ֨ठڹʮ߻ҙۆąԐ Á, սݔڿͳقěćػۋäۆϿ˃ࣷĨʼؽɰ.

Fig. 14 əʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ10°, 20°, 30°ێ˺, սݔڿͳق˰δʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսथäνٮʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋεŔ॒͒ͿǣࢍǶìۋɰ. ʮ߻

ҙۆąԐÁۋ10°ۋČ쩒 n ۋ100 kPaێ˺, 쩊قěćػ ۋ쩊 f ə3238.5 mm, 쩒 n ۋ200 kPaێ˺, 쩊 f ə

45.5 46.1 mm, 쩒 n ۋ400 kPaێ˺, 쩊 f ə49.855.4 mm ۋؽɰ. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ20°ۋČ쩒 n ۋ100 kPa ێ˺, 쩊 f ə23.425.9 mm, 쩒 n ۋ200 kPaێ˺, 쩊 f ə26.932.2 mm, 쩒 n ۋ400 kPaێ˺, 쩊 f ə31.5

37.6 mmۋؽɰ. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋ30°ۋČ쩒 n ۋ

(10)

(a) 쩊

f

for i=10° (b) 쩊

h

for i=10°

(c) 쩊

f

for i=20° (d) 쩊

h

for i=20°

(e) 쩊

f

for i=30° (f) 쩊

h

for i=30°

Fig. 14. 쩊

f

and 쩊

h

according to normal stress

100 kPa ێ˺, 쩊 f ə25.228.7 mm, 쩒 n ۋ200 kPaێ

˺, 쩊 f ə32.741.1 mm, 쩒 n ۋ400 kPaێ˺, 쩊 f

ə34.143.4 mmۋؽɰ. ɳ, 쩊À4.5 cmۍ֨ठڹ

ٰۻࣷĨʼؽڷдͿқԵʂԜقԴ܃ٽॠٕɰ.

ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋʴێॠČսݔڿͳۋÏں˺, ʮ߻ҙţۋقěćػۋʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսथäνə

ۻߕۺڷͿێ܁ॢÉںÀܐČ, ʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆս थäνۆ޲ۋə9 mm Ǵٽٕɰ. ʴێॢܓæقԴ

ʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋ

ۆÉڹݒÀॠəąॳںٕ҃ɰ. ۋəێ܁ॢʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨϸۆսथäνÀĵইʾ˺ūݓۆʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸ ۆսݔȭۋÀܕۦॠəìڷͿࣺɳʽɰ.

ݔۿۻɳ֨ॹں֨ॱॠşۻۆʮ߻ҙ֨ठۆȭۋ εh͆ॠČ, ݔۿۻɳ֨ॹں֨ॱॠČǦ঳ۆʮ߻ҙ

֨ठۆࣷĨϸȭۋε쩊 h ͆ॠي, 쩊 h / h ÉںFig.

15 قǣࢍǴؽɰ. 쩊 h / hۆÉۋ1.0قÀūڗݗս΀

йǏ͠ݙইԜۋьԦॠČ, 쩊 h / hۆÉۋ0.5ێąڍق

əйǏ͠ݙęٰۻۻɳࣷĨۆܼÂɳćۍۻۋًٖ

(11)

(a) i=10°

(b) i=20°

(c) i=30°

Fig. 15. 쩊

f

/ h according to normal stress

ĵÂۋČ, 쩊 h / hۆÉۋ0.0قÀūڐս΀ٰۻۻɳࣷ

ĨইԜۋێرǣəìۋɰ. սݔڿͳں؉Иνۚó

ॠيʪٰۻйǏ͠ݙۋьԦॠݓə؍ؕɰ. ʮ߻ҙ ۆąԐÁۋÏČ, ʴێॢսݔڿͳܓæقԴ쩊 h / hۆÉڹʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ŔÉۋ࠶ܐɰ.

̚ॢʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋÏČ, ʴێॢʮ߻ҙţۋ

ܓæقԴ쩊 h / hۆÉڹսݔڿͳۋݒÀॣս΀Ŕ

Éۋۚ؉ܐɰ.

đು

ٍ҆ĵəथϸęथϸۋۿॠəۿߤϸقԴۆۻ ɳࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقʂ३ٍĵॠٕɰ. ࣢০ʮ߻ҙࡾ

şфąԐÁق˰δۻɳÌʪфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں

֬ॹۺڷͿٍĵॠٕɰ. ٍ҆ĵεࣀॠيصڹĀ΁

ڹɰڼęÏɰ.

1. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋʴێॠČսݔڿͳۆܓæۋ

Ïں˺, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ۻɳڿͳۋ

ݒÀॠəąॳںٕ҃ɰ. ɳ, ʮ߻ҙąԐÁۋ10°

ۍąڍ, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ۻɳڿͳۋ

ݒÀॠǣ, ɰδʮ߻ҙąԐÁęҼİ॰ں˺, Ŕ

ݒÀफۋۚؕɰ. ۋəۻɳę܁قԴʮ߻ҙۆą ԐÁۋۚ؉йǏ͠ݙইԜۋܳͿьԦॠٕş

˺Лۋ͆Čࣺɳʽɰ.

2. ʮ߻ҙąԐÁۋ10°ۍąڍۻɳڿͳۋ߯ʂۻɳ ڿͳںݓǣÂ঳ʂߕۺڷͿێ܁ॢÉڷͿսͶ ॠٕɰ. Ŕ͠ǣɰδąԐÁقԴəąԐÁۋݒÀ

ॣս΀߯ʂۻɳڿͳۋ঳ۻɳڿͳۋʌśॠó

Çՙॠٕɰ.

3. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋÏČʮ߻ҙţۋÀʴێॣ

˺, սݔڿͳںݒÀ֨ࢅϸʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսथ äνə۾۾ݒÀॠČʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋ ə۾۾Çՙॠٕɰ.

4. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋʴێॠČսݔڿͳۋÏں˺, ʮ߻ҙţۋقěćػۋێ܁ॢʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆ

սथäνεٕ҃ɰ. ʴێॢܓæقԴʮ߻ҙࣷĨ ϸۆսथäνۆ޲ۋəʮ߻ҙţۋقěćػۋ

9 mm Ǵٽۋɰ. ɳ, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀ4.5 cmۍ֨ठ قԴəսݔڿͳ, ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁقěćػۋϿ

˃ࣷĨʼؽɰ.

5. ʮ߻ҙۆąԐÁۋʴێॠČսݔڿͳۋÏں˺, ʮ߻ҙţۋÀݒÀॣս΀ʮ߻ҙࣷĨϸۆսݔ ȭۋəݒÀॠəąॳںٕ҃ɰ. ۋəێ܁ॢʮ߻

ҙࣷĨϸۆսथäνÀĵইʾ˺ūݓۆʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨϸۆսݔȭۋÀܕۦॠəìڷͿࣺɳʽɰ.

(12)

qᔍ᮹ɡ

҆ȦЛڹ“2010țʪ܁ҙ(İگęॡşցҙ)ۆۦ ڙڷͿॢĶٍĵۦɳۆݓڙںы؉սॱʽşߣٍĵ Ԑغے(No. 2010-0022941).” ۋقÇԐ˚ςɦɰ.

ₙŁྙ⨭

1. Bandis, S.C., Lumsden, A.C., Barton, N.R. (1983),

“Fundamentals of rock joint deformation”, Int. J.

Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 249-263.

2. Barton, N.R. (1973), “Review of a new shear- strength criterion for rock joints”, Engrg. Geol., Vol. 7, pp. 287-332.

3. Goodman, R.E. (1976), Methods of geological engineering in discontinuous rock, West Pub., New York.

4. Hong, E.S. (2005), Characterization of rock joint roughness based on roughness mobilization char- acteristics, PhD Thesis, Korea University, Korea.

5. Kim, E.K., Lee, J.H., Lee, S.W. (2012a), “Shear behavior at the interface between particle and non-crushing surface by using PFC”, J. Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association,

Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 293-308.

6. Kim, E.K., Jeong, D.W., Lee, S.W. (2012b), “Surface roughness crushing effect on shear behavior using PFC”, J. Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 321-336.

7. Ladanyi, B., Archambault, G. (1970), “Simulation of shear behavior of a jointed rock mass”, Proc.

11th Symp. Rock Mech., Urbana, Illinois, pp.

105-125.

8. Lee, S.W., Hong, E.S., Bae, S.I., Lee, I.M. (2006),

“Modelling of rock joint shear strength using surface roughness parameter, Rs”, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 21, Issue 3-4, pp. 239-239.

9. Patton, F.D. (1966), “Multiple modes of shear in rock”, Proc. 1st Cong. ISRM, Lisbon, Vol. 1, pp.

509-513.

10. Qiu, X., Plesha, M.E., Huang, X., Haimson, B.C.

(1993), “An investigation of the mechanics of rock jointsPart . Analytical investigation”, Int. J. Rock. Mech. Min. sci. Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 271-287.

11. Yang, Z.Y., Chiang, D.Y. (2000), “An experimental

study on the progressive shear behaviour of rock

joints with tooth-shaped asperities”, Int. J. Rock

Mech. Sci., Vol. 37, pp. 1247-1259.

Effect of size and slope angle of tooth-shaped asperity on shear fracturing characteristics

*Corresponding author: Seok-Won Lee E-mail: [email protected]

Received July 4, 2013; Revised July 17, 2013;

Accepted July 26, 2013

׌଀ֽ  ȵౖ૴૳  ȵࢮஂ۴  ȵଲজ଀ 

Ҽধڙ ॢĶսۙڙėԐ

ॡԦধڙ æĶʂॡİԐধঞą֨֟ࢰėॡęԵԐę܁

܁ধڙ æĶʂॡİԐধঞą֨֟ࢰėॡęİս

Effect of size and slope angle of tooth-shaped asperity on shear fracturing characteristics

Won-Keun Kim

, Woo-Yong Choi

, Jong-Deok Park

, Seok-Won Lee

*

Korea Water Resources Corporation

Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Master Student

Konkuk University, Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Professor

Keywords: Tooth-shaped asperity, Shear behavior, Size effect, Fractured shape, Surface asperity

ߣ΀ şܕۆٍĵقԴԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌ʮ߻ҙţۋфʮ߻ҙąԐÁѺজق˰δۻɳäʴфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقʂॢ

ġѩڦॢ֬ॹۺٍĵəҙܔॠٕɰٍ҆ĵقԴəݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆۻɳäʴقەرԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋ

фąԐÁ࣢Ձۋशϸʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںőϼॠČۙॢɰۋεڦॠيʮ߻ҙţۋəÀݓͿѺঞॠٕČ սݔڿͳڹÀݓͿ ŔνČʮ߻ҙąԐÁڹÒۆÁʪͿѺঞॠϸԴߪধۆ֨ॹںսॱॠٕɰ֨ॹںսॱॢ֨ठڹ޲ڙ

঍Ԝࠑ܁şεԐڌॠيࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں܁͟ۺڷͿқԵॠٕɰۋ͠ॢ֨ॹںࣀॠي սݔڿͳѺজق˰δʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ

࣢ՁںܓԐॠٕɰ̚ॢÁÁۆąԐÁقԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋεѺজ֨ࡈ֨ॹںսॱ॥ڷͿ׆ ࣢܁սݔڿͳॠقԴʮ߻ҙÀࣷĨʼ əţۋфȭۋε܁ۆॠٕɰ

ܳڅرԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙ ۻɳäʴ ࡾşমę ࣷĨ঍Ԝ शϸʮ߻ҙ

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Patton (1966) ڹʮ߻ҙäࠜşε܁঍জॠيսݔ ڿͳę߯ʂۻɳÌʪۆԜěěćεۋܼԸ঍ϿʝͿ

܃֨ॠٕɰ. ő࠙ۺۍࢾɦ঍ࢗۆʮ߻ҙͿ֬ॹں

֬֨ॢPatton (1966)ڹş҆υ޶Áęʮ߻ҙۆÁʪ

Fig. 1. Direct shear test apparatus

Fig. 2. Test specimen

εۻɳϿʝقъٖॠٕɰ. ۋεঝʂॠيۼνϸۻ ɳäʴě۾قԴ҃ϸ, Patton (1966)ۆۋܼԸ঍Ͽʝ ڹҼԸ঍ۺۍ֬܃ؒԵۼνϸقԴۆۻɳࣷĨप

͇Ըۆ঍ࢗٮə޲ۋÀەɰ. ŔνॠيLadanyi and Archambault (1970), Barton (1973), Goodman (1976), Bandis et al. (1983), Qiu et al. (1993), Hong (2005), Lee et al. (2006) ˣۋࣷĨप͇ԸۆҼԸ঍ۺ࣢Ձں

ČͲॢ ąॹۺ ۻɳϿʝں ܃֨ॠٕɰ. ߯Ŗقə

Yang and Chiang (2000) ۋPatton (1966)ęڮԐॠó

ԘÁ঍ʮşϿʝںԐڌॠي֬ॹۺڷͿؒъۼνϸ قԴۆ۾ݕۺۍۻɳäʴںशϸ঍Ԝۆ՜Ԝ࣢Ձ ںԐڌॠيٍĵॠٕɰ. ԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙεۋڌॢս

࠘३Եۺٍĵقʂ३Դə, Kim et al. (2012a)əۓۙ

ٮҼࣷթԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙقԴۆۻɳäʴقʂॠي

ٍĵॠٕČ, Kim et al. (2012b)əԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆ

ࣷթÀۻɳäʴقй࠘əٖॳقʂॠيս࠘३Եۺ ڷͿٍĵॠٕɰ.

ۋ͠ॢşܕٍĵ˞ںܓԐॠي҃ϸ, ʂҙқۆ

ٍĵقԴʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊) фʮ߻ҙ

ąԐÁ(i°) Ѻজق˰δۻɳäʴфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձق

ʂॢٍĵÀҙܔॠٕɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵقԴəݔۿ ۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيʮ߻ҙۻɳϸۆۻɳäʴق

ەرԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋфąԐÁ࣢Ձۋशϸʮ߻ҙ ۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںőϼॠČۙॢɰ.

ۋεڦॠيʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊)ə4ÀݓͿѺঞॠٕČ, սݔڿͳ(쩒 n ) ڹ3ÀݓͿ, ŔνČʮ߻ҙąԐÁ(i)ڹ

3 ÒۆÁʪͿѺঞॠϸԴߪ36ধۆ֨ॹںսॱॠٕ

ɰ. ֨ॹںսॱॢ֨ठڹ3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁şεԐڌॠ يࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں܁͟ۺڷͿқԵॠٕɰ. ۋ͠ॢ

֨ॹںࣀॠي, սݔڿͳѺজق˰δʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ

঍Ԝ࣢ՁںܓԐॠČۙॢɰ. ̚ॢÁÁۆąԐÁق Դʮ߻ҙţۋεѺজ֨ࡈ֨ॹںսॱ॥ڷͿ׆, ࣢

܁սݔڿͳॠقԴʮ߻ҙÀࣷĨʼəţۋфȭۋ ε܁ۆॠČۙॢɰ.

᜽⨹ᰆእၰႊჶ

ٍ҆ĵقԴəʮ߻ҙۆࡾşфąԐÁۋʮ߻ҙ

ࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںٍĵॠşڦ३Դ, ɰتॢࡾşфąԐÁۆʮ߻ҙεݓɨ֨ठںڍԸ ۺڷͿݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيʮ߻ҙۻɳ֨ॹ ںսॱॠČ, ۋͩóսॱʽ֨ठں3޲ڙ঍Ԝࠑ܁ş ͿࣷĨʽ঍Ԝںě޶ॠيқԵॠٕɰ.

Ḣᱲᱥ݉᜽⨹ʑၰ᜽⠙ᱽ᯲

ٍ҆ĵقԐڌʽݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşəFig. 1ęÏۋ

ۻɳԜۙÀ150 × 150 × 200 mm (ÀͿ× ՃͿ

× ȭۋ)ͿĵՁʼرەɰ. սथॠܼڹͿ˚Ն(load

cell) Ϳ, ŔνČսथѺڦٮսݔѺڦəLVDT (linear

variable differential transformer) εۋڌॠيࠑ܁ॠ

Fig. 4. Three-dimensional surface roughness measurement apparatus

(a) Before test

(b) After test

Fig. 5. Measurement of fracturing characteristics Fig. 3. Definition of 쩊 and i

ٕɰ. ۻɳ Ѻ঍ڱڹ ՚ʪ ܓۼ֨֟ࢰق ۆॠي

1.0~10 mm/min ūݓܓۼۋÀɠॢʚ, ٍ҆ĵقԴ

Ͽ˜֨ΒقԴ3 mm/minڷͿսॱॠٕɰ.

ٍ҆ĵقԴԐڌॢԘÁ঍शϸʮ߻ҙ֨ठڹ

Ͽ͒ٮԵČŔνČНۆѕ०Ҽε2 : 5 : 5Ϳॠٕɰ.

Ͽ͒əܳЛݕيęԐ(KS L 5100)ε, ԵČəʪۙş

঍ۦڌԵČ(KS L 9001)ε, НڹݒΪսεԐڌॠٕ

ɰ. ֨ठۆࡾşəFig. 2ٮÏۋÀͿ150 mm, ՃͿ

150 mm, ȭۋ200 mmۍݔگϸߕ঍ࢗͿݔۿۻɳ

֨ॹقԐڌॢǴҙۻɳԜۙۆࡾşٮʴێॠó

܃ۚॠٕɰ. ֨ठۆʮ߻ҙҙқڹ֨ठۆЃ˚Àڏ ʚقগںǴرԴʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊)ٮʮ߻ҙąԐÁ(i°) ںѺজ֨ࢇʮ߻ҙࣺں࢐ҙ޳ۋÀɠॠʪ΀܃ۚ

ॠٕɰ. ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊) фÁʪ(i)ۆ܁ۆəFig. 3ę

Ïɰ. Ԑڌॢ֨ठۆؓ߹Ìʪεࠑ܁ॠşڦॠي쨵 100 mm × 200 mm ࡾşۆė֨ߕε܃ۚॠيێ߹ؓ

߹֨ॹںսॱॠٕɰ. ࠑ܁ʽ֨ठۆێ߹ؓ߹Ìʪə

5.1 MPa ۋؽɰ.

ٍ҆ĵقԴ֨ॹقۺڌॢѺսəʮ߻ҙÁʪ(i°), ʮ߻ҙţۋ(쩊), սݔڿͳ(쩒 n ) ڷͿ, iə10, 20, 30°Ϳ

׌଀ֽ ȵౖ૴૳ ȵࢮஂ۴ ȵଲজ଀

ߣ΀ şܕۆٍĵقԴԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆࡾş݌ʮ߻ҙţۋфʮ߻ҙąԐÁѺজق˰δۻɳäʴфࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقʂॢ

ġѩڦॢ֬ॹۺٍĵəҙܔॠٕɰٍ҆ĵقԴəݔۿۻɳ֨ॹşεԐڌॠيԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙۆۻɳäʴقەرԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋ

фąԐÁ࣢Ձۋशϸʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձقй࠘əٖॳںőϼॠČۙॢɰۋεڦॠيʮ߻ҙţۋəÀݓͿѺঞॠٕČ սݔڿͳڹÀݓͿ ŔνČʮ߻ҙąԐÁڹÒۆÁʪͿѺঞॠϸԴߪধۆ֨ॹںսॱॠٕɰ֨ॹںսॱॢ֨ठڹ޲ڙ

঍Ԝࠑ܁şεԐڌॠيࣷĨ঍Ԝ࣢Ձں܁͟ۺڷͿқԵॠٕɰۋ͠ॢ֨ॹںࣀॠي սݔڿͳѺজق˰δʮ߻ҙۆࣷĨ঍Ԝ

࣢ՁںܓԐॠٕɰ̚ॢÁÁۆąԐÁقԴʮ߻ҙۆţۋεѺজ֨ࡈ֨ॹںսॱ॥ڷͿ׆ ࣢܁սݔڿͳॠقԴʮ߻ҙÀࣷĨʼ əţۋфȭۋε܁ۆॠٕɰ

ܳڅرԘÁ঍ʮ߻ҙ ۻɳäʴ ࡾşমę ࣷĨ঍Ԝ शϸʮ߻ҙ

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