• 검색 결과가 없습니다.

누리과정 연계성 분석 - 초등학교와의 연계를 중심으로

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "누리과정 연계성 분석 - 초등학교와의 연계를 중심으로"

Copied!
181
0
0

로드 중.... (전체 텍스트 보기)

전체 글

(1)

ᷞ՚ᓢӎ2014-28

누리과정 연계성 분석

- 초등학교와의 연계를 중심으로

(2)
(3)

ሦᆚᆾ

ᵿ↶὆ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏἲỲⵢᤊ↶`ᨆ⃮ὢঀἮ⛒ᆚ⡆࿪Ἦጢᶵᓢ૒ⴲᨆ `ὢ૒. ⛒ᆚ⡆࿪὆↶ἲҞ ⵆંẂὦ⃿ᷞҲ᤟Ἦ⛒ᆚ⡆࿪὆Њ , Њᤎ⸧ Ἦ⮷Ϯ᫊⃿Ẃⵊ؞⃮Ἢ၊ ᫊ఆӎὶ૒. ᷞҲϮᾆὢზᶢ↲⛒ᆚ⡆࿪ἮἎ ᴲ὆ᐊ૚ᶾ`ῶⵊҫⷆἲ⺖἖`Ἢ၊ ӣⵆ቞؞ӮϲẾ⹊ⵊῲὢᅪலḮ ⃲ᨆὶ૒. ẞᆚࢆཪᶾᤊல╊ת৲ᆚӪ Њᐊὢࢆ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Њ ᫊ ᢯⸦⛒ᆚ⡆࿪ϲ὆ᷞҲᅪӎဒⵆӎὶ૒. ᷞҲંⵇጦ`Ἢ၊Ḓྙேᴶᷞ՚ఆᶶ↮ᆺ, ՛ࢢᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲં⃪၊ ԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯὆Ҳᷢ᤟ἲᕲᤋⵆં⃿᫚Ἢ၊ὢზᶢ›૒. ὢ࿚ⵊᷞ՚ં⛒ ᆚ⡆࿪ ᷞҲᅪ ↮Ếⵆં ୞ ᇒẞ ⃿Ẃⵆӎ ⴲᨆ`ὦ ὿ᶳὢ૒. ⵆ↮ᆺ ᷞҲ὆ ૮᢯ὢ⒎ⵇ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ೟Ἢ၊⹃૮ఆቢᤊἎᴲҫⷆ᢯὆ᷞ Ҳᶾ૮ⵊӮ᫚෾ⵊঀᴲ↮ӎὶ૒. ⪧⽶, Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊંϯ؞Ӯὢ↮઺ጦ⹂ࢆẢᷯᐗᒃ೟ ὢ᢯ὢⵆ؞ഺጦᶾἎᴲ὆ҫⷆ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲ᤟ἲᓢᾓⵆ؞ϮᶢဒẢҫẞϮ ὶ૒. ⓶೟ⵇԾ1·2ⵇलҫẞ, ᐊ૚`Ἢ၊Ἆᴲᨆ⃮ᶾϮً↮ᆺ८ὢࢆ⽓ᏦḮ ЇἮӮ῾ὢ▗ᕲ⽶ӎဒఆ↮ኩⵆӎὶં᫒ ὢ૒. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ ᷞҲᅪỲⵢ؞Ӯᶾᤊ὆Ἆᴲҫⷆὢᐊ૚૖Ҳᶾᘲ▂ᶢ`ⵗⵊ↮ᅪᢢ⮢ᓢӎ Ἆᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲ லᅪᢢ⮢ᓪⴲẂϮὶ૒. ᓦᷞ՚ં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ லᅪᴺᴲᓢ؞Ỳⵢ⛒ᆚ⡆࿪ᶾ ૮ⵊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋ἲᴺᴲᓢӎ⛒ᆚ⡆࿪Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, ԾᢚḮἎᴲᏽἎᴲϲ᢯ ⸦὿ẗ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ☏ቢᶾᤊἎᴲҫⷆἲᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ὢᅪᐂ⣃Ἢ၊৲ᆚӪ  Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲЃ⹂ⵎᨆὶંᐗᴶἲኖᢷⵆᷮ૒. ጢᶵᓢ૒Ἆᴲ ԾἏ·ᓢἏӪ⓶೟ԾἏϲ᥺⦣Ӫⷿဓἲᐂ⣃Ἢ၊৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾϲᷞ ҲϮẾ⹊⽶ὢზᶢ↶ᨆὶ؞ᅪ؞૮ⵊ૒. 2014ल12Ể Ἇᴲ ␳ᷞ՚᥺ ᥺ᾓ

G

様叐窔

(4)
(5)

␖ီ

Ẃᵫ ··· 1 Ⅰ. ᤊ၎ ··· 9 1. ᷞ՚὆ⴲẂ᤟ ··· 9 2. ᷞ՚ࢢẗ ··· 11 3. ᷞ՚ᐗᒃ ··· 12 4. ᷞ՚ᒂỲ ··· 17 Ⅱ. ᤎ⵷ᷞ՚ ··· 18 1. ᷞҲ὆ЊाᏽⴲẂ᤟ ··· 18 2. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲ ··· 21 3. ՛Ṧ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ԾἏӪ ᷞҲ᫒⣊ᏽ↮Ếᢚီ ··· 23 Ⅲ. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ᤟ᕲᤋ ··· 35 1. ԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯ᷞҲ᤟ᕲᤋ ··· 35 2. ԾἏӪ ᫒⵷὆ᷞҲ᤟ᕲᤋ ··· 51 Ⅳ. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ᫒⣊ ··· 72 1. Ἷૣ὾ ᓢ ··· 72 2. ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 75 3. ԾἏӪ ⮦᤟·Ảᷯ ··· 84 4. Ծᢚ³ἎᴲᏽἎᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ ··· 97 5. ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ ··· 104 6. ᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮Ế ··· 114 7. ᥺Ҟ ··· 123 Ⅴ. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲЃ⹂ ··· 125 1.  ␳὆؞ᓦᐗⶓ ··· 125 2. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆ᷞҲЃ⹂ᐗᴶ ··· 127

(6)

TG G T ␦ӎጦⶺ ··· 133 Abstract ··· 137 ᕮ။ ··· 139 ᕮ။1. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ⁞ᢚ↮- ᆺ5ᤦૢὲԾᢚẗ ··· 141 ᕮ။2. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ⁞ᢚ↮- ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलૢὲԾᢚẗ ··· 155

(7)

ⱊ␖ီ

〈ⱊⅠ-3- 1〉 ቢૢ⁞ᢚ૮᢯ ᓢ– Ἆ♆Ế/ᶢᆞὢ↿Ếᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽԾᢚ ··· 12 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 2〉 ቢૢ⁞ᢚ૮᢯ ᓢ– ⓶೟ⵇԾԾẾ ··· 13 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 3〉 ቢૢ⁞ᢚ૮᢯ ᓢ– 5ᤦᏽ⓶೟1ⵇलἎᴲ ··· 13 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 4〉 ⷲᾓӮ␞૮᢯؞Ӯ ᓢ ··· 14 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 5〉 ؞Ӯᒲ·ᤒᆫἎ⸃ᒲԾᢚⱊ↿ ··· 14 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 6〉 Ծᢚ૮᢯ᤒጦ⁞ᢚⵛኗ ··· 15 〈ⱊⅠ-3- 7〉 ᷞ՚ЊẂ ··· 16 〈ⱊⅡ-1- 1〉 ᷞҲ᤟Њा὆᥻᤟ᒲ὆Ꮶ ··· 19 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 1〉 OECD ՛Ϯ೒὆ᷯἎᴲᅪỲⵊ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ԾἏӪ Ảᷯ⒢  ·· 24 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 2〉 ՛Ϯᨆ⃮ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ ᏽ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ኗ`ᏽኗⱊ ·· 26 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 3〉 ੢↶ྊೊ὆ᷞဧᒲⵇ , ԾἏ૖ҲᏽԾἏӪ  ··· 28 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 4〉 ᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢ὆ᷞဧᒲⵇ , ԾἏ૖ҲᏽԾἏӪ  ··· 29 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 5〉 ᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮♖ ··· 30 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 6〉 ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊⵣ᫚᫒⵷ᢚⵛ ··· 31 〈ⱊⅡ-2- 7〉 Aistear 12Ϯ↮ԾἏӪ ՚᤟Ếᆚ ··· 33 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 1〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᒃ`תў ··· 36 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 2〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏኗ`὆ᒃ`תў ··· 37 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 3〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᒃ`תўϲ׊ ᘲԾ ··· 38 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 4〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ┋၎὆ኗ␖ᘲԾ ··· 40 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 6〉 ‘ԾἏӪ ՚᤟’ ᕮᕲᶾ ᫊ఊⵇԾ׷ϲᷞҲӮဖ׊  ··· 42 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 7〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆▂՚ⵆંὦϲ᢯ᘲԾ ··· 43 〈ⱊⅢ-1- 8〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆⮷Ϯ↮♖(Ὢᕮ) ᘲԾ ··· 48 〈ⱊⅢ-2- 1〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿὆5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ ᏽ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾἏӪ Ảᷯ ᫊ϲᘲԾ ··· 52 〈ⱊⅢ-2- 2〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलέⵇᶾ૮ⵊ5ᤦἎᴲ὆὆Қ ··· 67 〈ⱊⅢ-2- 3〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलὢఆᶢᤊ⁹Ἦ῾ ··· 69 〈ⱊⅢ-2- 4〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलὢఆᶢᤊ⾆೎῾ ··· 70 〈ⱊⅣ-1- 1〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆԾᢚἿૣ὾ ᓢ ··· 73

(8)

TG G T 〈ⱊⅣ-1- 2〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚἿૣ὾ ᓢ ··· 74 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 1〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾϲ὆ᷞҲ ··· 75 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 2〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾϲ὆ᷞҲ὆὆Ꮶ ··· 76 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 3〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾϲ὆ᷞҲ὆ኗ` ··· 77 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 4〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ϲᷞҲ὆὆Ꮶ ··· 77 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 5〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ὆૮᢯(ᓣᨆἿૣ) ··· 78 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 6〉 ᢯૮ԾἏӪ ᶾ૮ⵊὢⵢ ல ··· 78 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 7〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲᅪỲⵊᨆ ᐗⶓ ··· 79 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 8〉 ᆺ5ᤦḮ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलϲᷞҲⴲẂ ல ··· 80 〈ⱊⅣ-2- 9〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊Ἆᴲ὆⃮ᘲ ல: ὆ᢚ᥺⦣☏ቢ ··· 82 〈ⱊⅣ-2-10〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊Ἆᴲ὆⃮ᘲ ல: ᨆⵇ☏ቢ ··· 82 〈ⱊⅣ-2-11〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊Ἆᴲ὆⃮ᘲ ல: Ὢ᢯ᣋ⹊☏ቢ ··· 83 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 1〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ ··· 85 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 2〉 ᨆᶳ↲⵷᫊᢯૮ԾἏӪ ᷞҲᐆᷯ ல ··· 86 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 3〉 ८ὢ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 86 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 4〉 ८ὢ὆`ẗᘶல ··· 87 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 5〉 ⃪ ⃿᫚⦣ⵗ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ ··· 88 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 6〉 ⃪ ⃿᫚⦣ⵗ὆ᨆᶳᐆᷯ ல ··· 88 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 7〉 Ἆᴲ὆⽓Ꮶᐆᷯ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 89 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 8〉 Ἆᴲ὆⽓Ꮶᅪᨆᶳᶾᐆᷯⵆં ல ··· 90 〈ⱊⅣ-3- 9〉 Ծᢚẗ↮லᤊࢢẗ␦ӎ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 90 〈ⱊⅣ-3-10〉 Ծᢚẗ↮லᤊࢢẗᐆᷯ ல ··· 91 〈ⱊⅣ-3-11〉 ૒ᵿⵊ↿૖⸃⣊(૮·᥺↿૖)՚᤟὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 91 〈ⱊⅣ-3-12〉 ૒ᵿⵊ↿૖⸃⣊ᅪᨆᶳᶾᐆᷯⵆં ல ··· 92 〈ⱊⅣ-3-13〉 ᫒Ṧ⹊ே὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 92 〈ⱊⅣ-3-14〉 ৲ᆚӪ ·⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ả᫊ᷯ᫒ࢢ·᫒Ṧ⹊ேᘲ἖ ··· 93 〈ⱊⅣ-3-15〉 ৲ᆚӪ ·⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ả᫊ᷯ `·ே`⹊ேᘲ἖ ··· 93 〈ⱊⅣ-3-16〉 ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே὆ⴲẂ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 94 〈ⱊⅣ-3-17〉 Ἆᴲ὆1Ὢ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே᫊ϲ ··· 95 〈ⱊⅣ-3-18〉 ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ேᏽᩚં᫊ϲ ӣᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 96 〈ⱊⅣ-3-19〉 Ἆᴲ⮷Ϯ᫊Ϯᾓ⃿Ẃⵊⵛኗ ··· 96

(9)

TG G T 〈ⱊⅣ-3-20〉 Ἆᴲ⮷Ϯ᫊ᢚẗⵆંᐗᒃ ··· 97 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 1〉 ἎᴲḮ᢯⸦὿ẗ⃿Ծᢚ၊ᤊ὆ϯᷛⵎ ··· 98 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 2〉 ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 98 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 3〉 ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗኖ᪣ ··· 99 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 4〉 ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᘲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ···· 100 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 5〉 ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᘲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗኖ᪣ ··· 100 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 6〉 ⵇ׷ࢢἎᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 101 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 7〉 ⵇ׷ࢢἎᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ὆ ல ··· 102 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 8〉 ⵇ׷ᶾᤊἎᴲϲ϶೟ᐊᣋ᫊ⵢҞᐗᴶ ··· 103 〈ⱊⅣ-4- 9〉 ⪧ ᢯⹗ᐊᣋ᫊Ծᢚ὆↮Ế ல ··· 104 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 1〉 Ծ᫒ῲ⒢⹆ҫ὆Ἆᴲᐊ૚ᶾ૮ⵊ`ῶ᤟ ··· 104 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 2〉 5ᤦԾ᫒ᏽ᫒Ṧ⹆ҫ὆`ῶ᤟ ··· 105 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 3〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ῲ⒢⹆ҫ὆`ῶ᤟ ··· 106 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 4〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ᏽ᫒Ṧ⹆ҫ὆`ῶ᤟ ··· 106 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 5〉 ἎᴲϮ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊ϮᾓᶢဒẺⵎ᫊ᤒ ··· 107 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 6〉 ᷞҲᶾ׻ `ᷯⶓἲᏦ♆ં؞ӮӮဖẂὦ ··· 108 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 7〉 ⽓ᏦᅪἎᐊⵆંԾ՚ࢆ८ήϾ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 109 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 8〉 ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே·ᩚં᫊ϲேᴶᢚẗⵆંԾ՚ࢆ८ήϾ՚ᘲ ல ·· 109 〈ⱊⅣ-5- 9〉 Ծ᫒ᐂ૓ᶾᴷં⹊ே὆ⴲẂ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 110 〈ⱊⅣ-5-10〉 ⓶೟1ⵇलԾ᫒ᶾᤊ὆ᐂ૓ὢẗኖ᪣ ··· 111 〈ⱊⅣ-5-11〉 Ծ᫒ᐂ૓ᶾᴷᴲ⹊ே᫊؞૮ⵆંϮᾓ⡞ᾓ῾ ··· 111 〈ⱊⅣ-5-12〉 Ծ᫒ᇒ⪦ᅪ՚ᘲⵎ⁞Ѣὢఎҫẞᢚẗᷚᕮ ··· 113 〈ⱊⅣ-5-13〉 ἎᴲϮᴷᴲᤊ⼢᫋ἲ◖ⵎᨆὶંӣϲᆶဖᷚᕮ ··· 113 〈ⱊⅣ-5-14〉 ↿૖⹊ேᏽᨆᶳ⃿⹂ᾓ᫒ὢẗᶾ૮ⵊⶶẗ ல ··· 114 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 1〉 Ծᢚᵿ᤟؞ӮᶾᤊἎ⓶ᷞҲӮဖӪኗᨆЃᷚᕮ ··· 114 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 2〉 Ἆ⓶ᷞҲӪኗᨆЃὢⷲᾚᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵆં୞லẮ ல ··· 115 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 3〉 3लὢࢢἎ⓶ᷞҲ⹊ேӮဖᷞᨆ␦ᷚᷚᕮ ··· 115 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 4〉 ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲᷞᨆ␦ᷚϮⷲᾚᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵆં୞லẮ ல ·· 116 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 5〉 ᷞҲӮဖӪኗὢᷞᨆᶾὶἲҫẞ␦ᷚ὆ⶓ ··· 116 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 6〉 ᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵆ؞ỲⵢϮᾓலẮὢఆંᐗᒃ ··· 117 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 7〉 Ἆ⓶ᷞҲ↮ẾἲỲⵢᕮኖϮϮᾓӮ᫚ἲాᶢᵪⵎᕲᵪ ···· 119

(10)

TG G T 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 8〉 ◖ⵇ↯ῲ὆ᆺ5ᤦἎᴲ૮᢯὆὆ጢԾἏᶾ૮ⵊ`ῶ᤟ ···· 120 〈ⱊⅣ-6- 9〉 0ᤦ∼ӎ೟ⵇԾὪ⒢⸃ԾἏӪ Њᐊᶾ૮ⵊⴲẂ᤟ὦ᫋ ···· 120 〈ⱊⅣ-6-10〉 ৲ᆚӪ ὦϲ᢯὆ⴲẂ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 121 〈ⱊⅣ-6-11〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ၊὆ᣋ⹊؞။ᕮὢ⒗லẮ ல ···· 121 〈ⱊⅣ-6-12〉 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ၊ᣋ⹊؞။ᕮ὆ጢ`ὢ⒗὆ⴲẂ᤟ · 122 〈ⱊⅣ-6-13〉 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलᨆᶳ⺲ⵇᣋἲ஺ᓢ؞Ỳⵊ ␳`ᐗᴶ ···· 122 〈ⱊⅤ-2- 1〉 ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆ᷞҲЃ⹂ᅪỲⵊ૮᢯ᒲ ␳ᐗᴶ ··· 132

(11)

צᆪ␖ီ

〔צᆪⅡ-2- 1〕 ⵇԾⳲ၊צྖӪ὆ᷞҲ- ᕮኖ⮷Ϯ↮ ··· 31 〔צᆪⅢ-1- 1〕 ৲ᆚӪ ᕮ⤞3, 4ⵇल՞὆ԾӪ(՞) ՚ᕲᘲԾ ··· 44 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 1〕 Ἆ♆Ế/ᶢᆞὢ↿Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲ᢯⸦὿ẗ(὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே) ··· 55 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 2〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ-Ἆᴲ᢯⸦὿ẗ(ᨆᶳ᫊ϲ) ··· 55 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 3〕 5ᤦ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ேҲ⹻·⮷Ϯⱊᏽ८ὢኖ᪣ ··· 61 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 4〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलᘂ။⢮ὲ(ᩚં᫊ϲ)὆८ὢኖ᪣ ··· 62 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 5〕 5ᤦᐆԾ᫒՚᤟ᏽᐞ♆ ··· 64 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 6〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒՚᤟ᏽᐞ♆ ··· 65 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 7〕 5ᤦᐆԾᾚԾ՚ ··· 65 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 8〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᾚԾ՚ ··· 66 〔צᆪⅢ-2- 9〕 5ᤦ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒὆ᒫቢѺ᫊ ··· 66 〔צᆪⅢ-2-10〕 5ᤦࢎ⇊⫾ᏽ▊ᤋ⫾ ··· 67 〔צᆪⅣ-2- 1〕 Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾϲᷞҲ὆૒ᵿⵊЊाல᫋⹂ ··· 75 〔צᆪⅣ-2- 2〕 ᷯᷛᒲᷞҲϮⴲẂⵊ லᶾ૮ⵊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋ᘲԾ ··· 81 〔צᆪⅣ-2- 3〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊Ἆᴲ὆⃮ᘲ லᶾ૮ⵊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋ᘲԾ ··· 84 〔צᆪⅣ-3- 1〕 ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே὆ⴲẂ᤟ᏽ1Ὢ⮷׎὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே᫊ϲ(ᕲ) ··· 95 〔צᆪⅣ-4- 1〕 Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲ, Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ··· 102 〔צᆪⅣ-5- 1〕 ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ᏽ᫒Ṧ⹆ҫ὆`ῶ᤟ ··· 107 〔צᆪⅣ-5- 2〕 ἎᴲϮ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊ϮᾓᶢဒẺⵎ᫊ᤒ ··· 108 〔צᆪⅣ-5- 3〕 ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚҫဓᒲԾ᫒ᐂ૓ᶾᴷં⹊ே὆ᾓ῾ὦ᫋ · 112 〔צᆪⅣ-6- 1〕 ᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵆ؞ỲⵢϮᾓலẮὢఆંᐗᒃ ··· 118

(12)
(13)

Ẃᵫ

XUG ⚥ᷩ

ᆉUG ⭹ድⳡG 㫍Ⱍ⚺

□ ᵿ↶὆ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏἲỲⵢᤊ↶`ᨆ⃮ὢঀἮԾἏӪ Ἦጢᶵᓢ૒ⴲ ᨆ`ὲ. — ԾἏӪ ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲ᤟὆Ѓ⹂ંԾἏӪ Њ , Њᤎ⸧Ἦ⮷Ϯ᫊↶ ঀἮԾἏӪ ὆⃿Ẃⵊ؞⃮⃿ⵆࢆ၊ᶦ׷ఆ቞ᷞҲϮᾆὢზᶢ↲Ծ ἏӪ ࢢᶾᤊંԾἏӪ ὆⺖἖᤟ӪᷯἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ὢᓢᾓఆӎ ◖ⵇῲ·⺲؞Ӯᶾᤊ὆ῲὢᅪலḮ⃲ᨆὶἺ. □ ◖ⵇ ῲ ԾἏӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ ᷞҲં ⵇጦ`Ἢ၊ல Ḓྙேᴶ ᷞ՚ఆᶶ↮ᆺ⪧⽶, ╊תᶾં՛ `Ἢ၊லἎᴲ὆ᐊ૚ἲ↮Ếⵆં☏ቢᶾ ᤊ⃿Ẃⵊὢ᩶ὲ. □ ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲϮጦᤊ᢯ᷞҲᅪᒅᶢࢆ⹊ ே(ᨆᶳ)ᶾ ૮ⵊ ⒎ⵇ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ጪᆚ` ⹆ҫ, ᢯⸦὿ẗ ೟὆ ᷞҲ᤟ ᕲᤋἪ၊⹃૮ⵢᵪⵊ૒ંẂ՚ϮὶἺ. — ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏӪ⓶೟ⵇԾϮϮ↮ӎὶંጦ⹂ࢆẢᷯᐗᒃὢᇒẞ᢯ὢⵆ ᷚ ◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ ᷞҲᅪ Ỳⵢ ἎᴲϮ ҫⷆⵆં ࢢẗὢ Ἆᴲ὆ ᐊ૚૖Ҳᶾ ᘲ▂ᶢ`ῶⵊ↮ᅪᕲᤋⵆંѱἮ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲ᤟ ἲᕲᤋⵆં୞ⴲẂⵊӪ ὲ. □ ᓦᷞ՚ં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ லᅪᴺᴲᓢ؞ỲⵢԾᢚ὆Ծ ἏӪ  ὢⵢ, ԾἏӪ  Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲ ᏽ Ἆᴲ ϲ ᢯⸦὿ẗ, ؞Ӯ὆ ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ,  லᏽ ␳೟὆☏ቢᶾᤊἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ἲᢢ⮢ᓢᵆ Ἲ. — ὢᅪᐂ⣃Ἢ၊৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲЃ⹂ⵎᨆὶં ␳ᐗ ᴶἲ ᴶⵆᷮἺ.

(14)

Y

ᘡUG ⭹ድᘽⰲ

□ ⒙⇦, ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊᤎ⵷ᷞ՚Ḯ◖ⵇῲԾ ἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲᅪ↮ẾⵆંṦ՛ᢚီᅪѮ⦎ⵆᷮἺ. □ ె⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ┋၎὆՚᤟ἲᘲԾⵆӎԾἏӪ ՚᤟ ὆ᐗⶓὢࢆኗ`, ኗⱊ, ⮦᤟, Ảᷯ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ೟ᶾᤊ὆␖ὢ῾ἲᕲᤋ ⵆӎ৲ᆚӪ ┋၎☏ቢᶾᤊ὆Њᤎᢚⵛἲ४὆ⵆᷮἺ. □ ᤹⇦, ᫒ ԾἏӪ ὢ᫒⵷ఆં☏ቢᶾᤊ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ  லᅪᕲᤋⵆᷮἺ. ᕲᤋᷯᷛἮẢ᫊ᷯϲ, Ἆᴲ-ԾᢚḮ὆᢯⸦὿ẗ, Ἆᴲϲ᢯ ⸦὿ẗ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫἪ၊՚ᕲⵆᷚ5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ 1ⵇलԾἏӪ ὢ᫒⵷ఆંኖ᪣ᶾᤊ὆Ἆᢚ῾Ӫ␖ὢ῾ἲᘲԾ·ᕲᤋⵖ. □ थ⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलϲ὆ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋, ᷞҲ᫒⣊, ᷞҲ ↮Ếᐗᴶ೟ᶾ૮ⵊἎ♆Ế, ᶢᆞὢ↿, ⓶೟ⵇԾԾᢚ὆὆ҚἲᴺᴲᓢᵆἪ ቞⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇᶾ૮ⵊἎᴲ(5ᤦḮ⓶೟1ⵇल)὆὆Қἲᴺᴲᓲ. □ ૒ᤝ⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲЃ⹂ⵎᨆὶં ␳὆؞ᓦᐗⶓ ἲᨆᆫⵆӎ՚⒢`ὦ ␳ᐗᴶἲԾᢚ, ؞Ӯ,  ᕮ, Ἆᴲ, ᕮኖ☏ቢᶾᤊ  ᴶⵖ.

ᡭUG ⭹ድ↲∞

□ ጦⶺᷞ՚ — ᷞҲ὆ⴲẂ᤟, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲᶾӮဖఊὦ᫋, ጦᤊ᢯ ὆ᷞҲ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃᶾᤊ὆ᷞҲᶾӮဖఊᤎ⵷ᷞ՚ᅪѮ⦎ⵖ. — ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲ லᅪ┋၎὆՚⁞, ┋၎ᶾࢆ⢮ࢊ ῲᐆ`ὦᐗⶓὢࢆኗ`, ኗⱊ, ⮦᤟, Ảᷯ, Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ೟☏ቢᶾᤊᕲ ᤋⵖ. □ ቢૢ⁞ᢚ — Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆԾᢚ7ታӪ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ6ታἲ૮᢯Ἢ၊ ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ᫒⣊ᅪ⁞ᢚⵖ. — Ἆ♆ẾӪᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆϯ1ⵇ׷ᴗ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇल3ⵇ׷Ἆᴲᅪ૮᢯

(15)

Ⱍ⬆G G Z Ἢ၊⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇᶾ૮ⵊ὆Қἲ⁞ᢚⵖ. □ ⷲᾓӮ␞ — Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆ6Њⵇ׷, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇल5Њⵇ׷ἲᐗጦⵆᷚԾ ἏӪ ἲ᫒⵷ⵆં᫒ ኖ᪣(5ᤦḮ⓶೟1ⵇलᨆᶳᏽᩚં᫊ϲ)ἲӮ ␞ⵆӎ⹊ே(ᨆᶳ)ⵆંኖ᪣, Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ, Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ, ጪ ᆚ`⹆ҫ೟ἲӮ␞ⵖ. □ ᤒጦ⁞ᢚ — ᶢᆞὢ↿Ծᢚ260ታ, Ἆ♆ẾԾᢚ440ታ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ700ታ, ┋ 1,400ታἲ ૮᢯Ἢ၊ ᷞҲ὆ ⴲẂ᤟, ὦ᫋, ԾἏӪ  ὢⵢ  ல, ԾἏӪ  Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, Ծᢚᏽ෾྆Ḯ὆᢯⸦὿ẗ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ,  லᏽ ␳, ᷞҲ ᅪỲⵊ↮Ế☏ቢᶾ૮ⵊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋Ӫ᫒⣊ᶾ૮ⵊᤒጦ⁞ᢚᅪ᫒᫊ⵖ. □ ὾ጦ⹺὆ — ᷞ՚὆ ᐗⶓ ᏽ ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ ᷞҲᅪ Ỳⵊ  ␳ᐗᴶ ४὆ᅪ ỲⵢῲጦϮ૮᢯὾ጦ⹺὆ᅪЊ╊ⵖ.

YUG ⳽ᷩⶊG ↹ቆ

ᆉUG ⭹ቍⳡG ᆥᛙ

□ ᷞҲ὆૮᢯ὢԾἏӪ ὾⒢ᆺὢᴲશཪԾἏ⒎ⵇ, Ծᨆᒃ, Ծᢚ὆ᐊጦ⸃ ⣊, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ೟Ἢ၊ὦ᫋ఆӎὶᶢᷞҲ὆Њाὢ⹃ᾓఆӎὶἺ. □ ᓦ ᷞ՚ᶾᤊ὆ ᷞҲં ԾἏӪ  ጦᤊ᢯ᶾ ሦጪ࿮୆ ᷞҲ὆ Њाἲ ᒅᶢࢆ ԾἏӪ ἲ᫒⵷ⵆં☏ቢᶾᤊἎᴲ὆ҫⷆἲ⯚ⵖⵆӎὶἺ. — Ἆᴲ὆ ҫⷆ ☏ቢᶾᤊ ᷞҲᅪ ᐂཪᓢቢᤊ Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾ ᤊᐊ૚`Ἢ၊`ⵗⵊҫⷆἲ ӣⵆ؞Ỳⵊᐗ⮦Ἢ၊ᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵖ.

ᘡUG ⭹ቍⳡG 㫍Ⱍ⚺

□ ᐊ૚ `ⵗ᤟ ☏ቢ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶؞ ⵇԾ `Ἷ, ԾἏӪ ὆ ⺖἖᤟ ☏ቢᶾᤊ ᷞҲϮⴲẂⵖ.

(16)

[

ZUG ឍἵኅ⶞ኅG ㊑᩺㫢ዙ⯉ⳡG ⭹ቍ⚺G ⌍⚦

ᆉUG ⃁⚥♊G ⭹ቍ⚺G ⌍⚦

□ ⱊ⃮ᓢἏӪ , ৲ᆚӪ , ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᒃ`תўᅪ׊ ⵆӎὶંӮ ဖᒃ׊ᶾᤊԾἏӪ ὆ӎ⃪᫊⒢, ↮ᷛᨆ⃮὆ԾἏӪ ᾚ՚᤟⃪⒢, Ծ Ἇኗ`὆׊ Ἆጢ, ԾἏࢢẗ὆׊ ᷚᕮ೟ἲ⦣Ὢⵆఆ, ϯ؞Ӯᨆ⃮ ὢࢆ᢯⹗ἲӎဒⵆᷚ׊ ⵢᵪⵖ. □ ৲ᆚӪ ᶾᤊં ⱊ⃮ᓢἏӪ Ӫ὆ ⵗ὆ᅪ ўⒾ ⓶·⃿೟ ԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ ᷞᾓ ᤎᶾᤊ‘▂՚ⵆંὦϲ᢯’ἲ ᆫⵆӎ‘ⵇԾԾἏӪ ↮Ế’ Ӯဖ׊ ἲӎ ဒⵖ. □ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᶾᤊં΅ⵇलⵇᣋ὆ᐊ૚૖ҲᅪӎဒⵆᷚԾ᫒⹆ҫ՚ ᤟ᏽᕮኖԾἏ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃᏽ⮷Ϯ೟὆׊ ᶾᤊἎᴲ⃿᫚ԾἏ὆ ⒎ⵇἲᐆᷯⵎⴲẂϮὶἺ. □ ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᶾᤊԾἏࢢẗἲ↲ᨎⵆંᐗ᫋ἲ⦣ὪⵆᷚԾ ἏࢢẗἲታႺ⹂ⵆӎᷞဧᒲ၊ᐆೊ᫊ல૚ⵢᵪⵎ᤟◖؞⃮ἲᒲல၊↲ᨎ ⵆંᐗ᫋ἲலέⵢᵪⵖ.

ᘡUG ⡭㬒♊G ⭹ቍ⚺G ⌍⚦

□ Ả᫊ᷯϲ☏ቢᶾᤊ৲ᆚӪ Ἦ⦣ⵗ`Ἢ၊ẢᷯఆӎὶἪࢆ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊં ␖᫊ᅪ૖Ỳ၊ⵆᷚᕲῶఆᶢẢᷯఖ. □ Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ☏ቢᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ᓢ૒৲ᆚӪ ἲẢᷯ ⵆંᆺ5ᤦԾ᫒ᶾᤊᶦᶢ`·ᘲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗ὆ᘶலᨆϮঀᵆἪ቞Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗὢὪᶢࢆં⸃⣊லୂ૒ᵿⵆᷮἺ. □ ৲ᆚӪ Ả᫊ᷯ, Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ؞⹺Ϯ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ᶾᘲⵢᤊ ՚⁞`Ἢ၊ୂᆼὢ ӣఆӎὶᶶἺ. □ Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ☏ቢᶾᤊ৲ᆚӪ Ἦ८ὢ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ẢᷯఆӎὶἪ቞⓶೟ⵇ Ծ1ⵇलԾ᫒Ἦ1␖᫊὆ᨆᶳኗⱊᅪ૚᤟ⵆં୞⃿῾ἲాӎὶἺ. □ ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ☏ቢᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒Ἦ␳Ѧ᢯Ἢ၊՚⁞⹂ఆᶢὶἪ

(17)

Ⱍ⬆G G \ ቞ ᨆᶳࢢẗὢࢆ ᐗᒃᶾ ഞཪ ᒮ⹂ᅪ ⃪ં ୞ ⵊҲϮ ὶἪࢆ, ৲ᆚӪ Ἦ ⽓Ꮶࢆ८ὢᅪᓢ૒⃿Ẃ᫊ⵆᷚጪᆚ`⹆ҫᶾᤊὢᅪӎဒⵆӎὶἺ. □ ⓶೟ⵇԾ έⵇ ῲᶾં ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾ ૮ⵊ ؞૮Ͼᓢ૒ં ӣᕮࢆ Ծᢚᶾ ૮ⵊ ాဒẮἲϮ↮ӎὶંҫẞϮᆼ↮ᆺὪ૖⓶೟ⵇԾᶾέⵇἲⵆӎࢆቢ෾ ྆ӮҲࢆ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆૒ᵿⵊ⹊ேὢࢆ⹆ҫ, ⵇ᪣☏ቢᶾᤊ׻ `Ἢ၊੾ ࡪંҫẞϮᆼἺ.

[UG ឍἵኅ⶞ኅG ㊑᩺㫢ዙ⯉ⳡG ⭹ቍG ⡭㙥G

ᆉUG ⭹ቍ⭙G ᢉ㫥G ⴁ⡦

□ ᷞҲ὆὆ᏦᅪԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯὆ᷞҲཪӎἿૣⵊᘲ἖ὢἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ ᶾᤊ54.6%, ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊ53.9%၊ঀᵆἺ. □ ᷞҲ὆ኗ`ᶾ૮ⵢᤊંἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ծᢚ὆53.9%, ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚ὆ 58.1%ϮҲ᥻`ὦᐊ૚ὢཪӎἿૣⵆᷚἎᢚⵆѺϮᾓঀἮᘲ἖ἲ␖↮ⵆ ᷮἺ. □ ᷞҲᅪϮᾓᾆࢆ⢮ࢢંⵛኗἲᤎ⣋ⵊҞӪ, 5ᤦԾᢚંԾἏӪ ὆▂՚ ⵆંὦϲ᢯·ኗ`·ኗⱊϲᷞҲ, ԾἏӪ ՚᤟᢯ᷞҲᅪᤎ⣋ⵆᷮἪ቞⓶೟ 1ⵇलԾᢚંԾἏӪ ՚᤟᢯ᷞҲ, ԾἏӪ ὆▂՚ⵆંὦϲ᢯·ኗ`·ኗⱊ ᨊἪ၊⁞ᢚఆᶶἺ. □ ᢯⸦ԾἏӪ ὦ᫋ἲ⁞ᢚⵊҞӪ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚϮ৲ᆚӪ ἲὢⵢ ⵆӎὶંᨆ⃮ὢᇒẞ࢜ἮѱἪ၊ೊ࿚࢚Ἲ. — ⮦ ՚᤟ἲ ṦⵊԾἏӪ ὆ኗⱊ, ԾӪ՚᤟⒢ , ԾӪࢢẗᶾᤊંῲ ⷮኖᅦ૒ӎἿૣⵊᘲ἖ὢ50% ࢢṦ၊ϮᾓᆼἪ቞, ೒ᶢᓦ`ᆺὶ૒ӎ ἿૣⵊԾᢚல30-40% ᨆ⃮Ἢ၊৲ᆚӪ ᶾ૮ⵊὢⵢ லϮᇒẞ࢜Ἲ.

ᘡUG ዙⲪኅ⶞G 㥁⚺½ⰽ⮊

□ ԾἏӪ ἲẢᷯⵎഺᷞҲӮဖࢢẗἲᓢӎᐆᷯⵆં↮ᅪ⁞ᢚⵊҞӪ, 5 ᤦԾᢚ὆61.7%ϮᷞҲӮဖࢢẗἲᨇ↮ⵆӎ᫒ ᨆᶳᶾᐆᷯⵆӎὶἪ ቞, 29.7%ં᫒ ᨆᶳᶾંᐆᷯⵆ↮ኩⵆ↮ᆺᷞҲӮဖࢢẗἲᓦ૒ӎἿ

(18)

] ૣⵆᷮἺ. — ᐆቢ, ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚ὆ҫẞᷞҲӮဖࢢẗὢᶴ૒ӎὦ᫋ⵆંҫẞϮ ῲ⒢὆29.0%၊ϮᾓᆼᵆἺ. ࢢẗἲᨇ↮ⵆӎᐆᷯⵆંҫẞં17%ᶾ↮ ࢆ↮ᴸᵆἺ. □ ८ὢ὆⃿Ẃ᤟ᶾ૮ⵢᤊંా↿૖ԾᢚϮᘲ᪥ⵆѺὦ᫋ⵆӎὶἪࢆ, ᨆᶳᶾ ८ὢᅪᇒὪ`ẗⵊ૒ંἿૣἮ5ᤦԾᢚϮ55.0%၊ϮᾓঀᵆἪ቞, ⓶೟1ⵇ लԾᢚ὆ҫẞ1⃪Ὢᶾ1-2⹺`ẗⵊ૒ંἿૣὢ46.9%၊Ϯᾓঀᴲ૮⁞`ὲ. □ ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ேᶾ૮ⵢ5ᤦԾᢚ὆ҫẞ83.3%ϮᇒẞⴲẂⵆ૒ӎὦ᫋⵶Ἢ቞, ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚ὆27.7%ϮᇒẞⴲẂⵆ૒ӎἿૣⵆᷚ⡞␖ὢᅪᓢὲ. — ᫒ 1Ὢ⮷׎὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ே᫊ϲἮ5ᤦᐆᶾᤊ93.6ᕲ, ⓶೟1ⵇलԾ᫒ ᶾᤊ33.4ᕲἪ၊ᵫ1᫊ϲ ல␖ὢϮὶંѱἪ၊ࢆ⢮࢚Ἲ.

ᡭUG ዙ☵Tⲩ⫍G ↘G ⲩ⫍G ᆍG ♊㯁ⴚⰲ

□ Ἆ♆Ế, ᶢᆞὢ↿, ⓶೟ⵇԾԾᢚ὆ᤦ↿૖ἲᘲԾⵊҞӪ, ኖ೎ᷛⵎᶾᤊ ↿૖ϲ␖ὢϮὶᶶἺ. — ᵿἏ὾(ᓢ⸦὾)၊ᤊ὆ᷛⵎἮᶢᆞὢ↿〉Ἆ♆Ế〉⓶೟ⵇԾᨊἪ၊ঀἮᐆቢ, Ծᨆ὾၊ᤊ὆ᷛⵎἮ⓶೟ⵇԾ〉Ἆ♆Ế〉ᶢᆞὢ↿ᨊἪ၊ঀѺࢆ⢮࢚Ἲ. □ Ծᢚ-Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗᶾ૮ⵢ5ᤦԾᢚં᫊ϲᶾ᢯ӮᶴὢἎᴲϮẾⵎഺ ὾ἎၛѺ૮⹂ⵊ૒ӎἿૣⵊᘲ἖ὢ58.4%ᷮἪ቞⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊંὢḮ૚ᆚ ᨆᶳ(⹊ே)⃿ᶾӮဖࢢẗὦҫẞἎᴲϮẾⵎഺ὾ἎၛѺ૮⹂ⵖὢ50%၊ ࢆ⢮ࢆᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗ὆⃪ ࢆᘶல೟ὢ૒ᅲἲᴺᨆὶἺ. □ ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᘲᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗᶾ૮ⵢ5ᤦԾᢚࢆ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ ኖాᴶᴲ⃪ўࢆ⦎૓ўᆚં೟὆ᫎ⒢`῿⓷ἲὪ᢯`᢯⹗ᶾᤊⵆӎὶ ૒ӎἿૣⵊҫẞϮϮᾓᆼᵆἺ. □ 5ᤦԾᢚḮ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚኖా૮·᥺↿૖⹊ே᫊Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗὢ ᘶᑶⵆ૒ӎἿૣⵊᘲ἖ὢϮᾓঀѺࢆ⢮࢖. — ⵆ↮ᆺἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ᶾᤊં82.3%, ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊં51.7%၊␖ὢϮὶ ᶶἺ.

(19)

Ⱍ⬆G G ^

ᴅUG ⃅ἵⶊG 㯡ቆG

□ 5ᤦ ԾᢚḮ ⓶೟ 1ⵇल ԾᢚᶾѺ ⷲᾚ ὾ᫎὢ ૢ૧ⵆӎ ὶં Ծ᫒ ⹆ҫ὆ Ἆᴲᐊ૚ᶾ૮ⵊ`ῶ᤟ᶾ૮ⵢ⁞ᢚⵊҞӪ, 5ᤦԾᢚં3.87῾, ⓶೟1ⵇ लԾᢚં3.44῾Ἢ၊⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊᓢ૒`ῶⵆ↮ᴸ૒ӎὦ᫋ⵆંҫⶓὢ ὶᶶἺ. □ ἎᴲϮ⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇ᫊ϮᾓᶢဒẺⵎ᫊ᤒ၊ં⹂ᾓ᫒(ᒮ؞)Ϯᵫ40%, ␳Ѧ᢯(30.2%), ׷᫊᫋ᤒ(15.4%), Ҳ૖(7.4%) ᨊἪ၊⁞ᢚఆᶶἺ. □ Ծ՚ࢆ८ήϾ὆՚ᘲ லᶾ૮ⵢἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿὆90%Ϯ70%ὢ᢯὆Ἆ ᴲϮᢚẗⵎᨆὶ૒ӎἿૣⵊᐆቢᶾ⓶೟1ⵇलԾ᫒ᶾᤊં37.9%၊⁞ᢚ ఆᶶἺ. □ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ả᫊ᷯἎᴲϮԾ᫒ᐂ૓ᶾᤊ⹊ேⵆં᫊ϲ૮ᶾ૮ⵢᤊ ⓶೟1ⵇलԾᢚᆺἲ૮᢯Ἢ၊⁞ᢚⵊҞӪ, ῲ⒢`Ἢ၊ᴷἲᨆὶંᐂ૓ ὢ቞ᨆᶳ·ᩚં᫊ϲᶾὢẗⵊ૒ӎⵊἿૣὢ43.6%၊ϮᾓᆼᵆἺ. — ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ὆14%ંᴷᴲᤊⵆં⹊ேἲῲⷮⵆ↮ᴸંѱἪ၊ ࢆ⢮࢚Ἲ. — Ծ᫒ᇒ⪦ᅪ ՚ᘲⵎ ⁞Ѣὢ ఎ ҫẞ ᢚẗᷚᕮᶾ ૮ⵢ ⓶೟ 1ⵇल Ծᢚં ῲ⒢`Ἢ၊‘᷶’ 83.1%, ‘ᴲશẂ’ 16.9%၊ᢚẗⵆҎ૒ંἿૣὢỂ೟⽶ᆼ ᵆἺ.

ὑUG ⭹ቍἅG ⲍ㫥G ⽉ⱙ

□ Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ Ծᢚં ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᶾ ૮ⵊ ᷞᨆḮ ⓶೟ⵇԾ·Ἆ♆Ế· ᶢᆞὢ↿Ծᢚ὆ӣேᷞᨆ᫒᫊ᅪẾⵆᷮἪ቞⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊં⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏ Ӫ ᶾ૮ⵊἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ԾᢚᷞᨆḮ⓶೟ⵇԾ·Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ծᢚ὆ ӣேᷞᨆ, ৲ᆚӪ ᶾ૮ⵊᷞᨆᅪẾⵖ. □ ᷞҲ↮ẾἲỲⵢᕮኖϮϮᾓӮ᫚ἲాᶢᵪⵎᕲᵪᶾ૮ⵢἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞ ὢ↿Ἦ Ἆ♆Ế ᏽ ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾ ᣋ⹊὆ ␖ὢ ὦ᫋ὢཪં Ἷૣὢ 44.6%, ⓶೟ⵇԾંἎᴲ὆؞ᓦᣋ⹊᪣Ӯ↮லཪંἿૣὢ61%၊ࢆ⢮࢖.

(20)

_

\UG ⭹ቍἅG ⲍ㫥G ⽉ⱙG ↲⫑

□  ␳ᐗᴶ὆؞ᓦᐗⶓἮ1) ἎᴲḮ؞Ӯ὆᢯⸦⃮ᘲⴲẂ, 2) ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊ ᣋ⣊ⵇ`῿ת, 3) Ἆᴲᐊ૚὆`ῶ᤟ӎဒ, 4) ◖ᵫҲ☣Ἆᴲ૮᢯↮ẾЃ ⁞, 5) Ծᢚ, ᕮኖ, Ἆᴲϲ᥺⦣⓷↲ὲ. □ ૖؞ ␳ᐗᴶἪ၊ԾἏӪ Њᐊ·ᨆ ᫊ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏ, ⓶೟ԾἏ, ԾἏӪ  ῲጦϮӣே␦ᷚ, ᢯⸦ԾἏӪ ᷞᨆᏽ᢯⸦ᷞᨆ᫒᫊, Ծᢚ૮᢯ᒲᷞ ᨆࢢẗ὆␖ᒲ⹂, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆┋၎Ѯ⦎ᏽᨆ , ԾἏ Ӫ ⵢᤒᤊᏽ↮லᤊӣἎ‧⸻ᓢᐗᴶᆶဖ, ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾ८ὢᅪỲⵊᘲⱶ  ӣ, ᕮኖḮ὆὆ᢚ᥺⦣⹊᤟⹂, ᕮኖԾἏ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलⵇ؞⓶`ἿⳲ ၊צྖࢢ᫒⹂ᅪ ᴶⵖ. □ ⃿·ᾓ؞ ␳ᐗᴶἪ၊⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलᓢ⁞Ծᢚ↮Ế, ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆᫊ᤒ·ᤒᘲ Њᤎ, ᣋ⹊؞။ᕮ ὢ⒗ ὆ጢ⹂, 1ⵇल ᨆᶳ᫊ϲ὆ ἣ⦣` Ảᷯ, ᷞҲ Ӯဖ ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ᷞ՚ᨆ⵷೟ἲ ᴶⵖ.

(21)

Ⅰ. ᤊ၎

XUG ⭹ድⳡG 㫍Ⱍ⚺

ᵿ↶὆ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏἲỲⵢ↶`ᨆ⃮ὢঀἮԾἏӪ Ἦጢᶵᓢ૒ⴲᨆ` ὢ૒. ԾἏӪ ὆↶ἲҞ ⵆંẂὦᶾӮⵢᤊં૒ᵿⵊ὆ҚὢὶἪࢆԾἏӪ  ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲ᤟὆Ѓ⹂ંԾἏӪ Њ , Њᤎ⸧Ἦ⮷Ϯ᫊↶ঀἮԾἏ Ӫ ὆⃿Ẃⵊ؞⃮⃿ⵆࢆ၊↮♛ఊ૒(خ↲ᨇ·ᐃᨊҫ·╊ ᨊ·ὢ⺖ृ·ᦏ↮ἒ·ᐃ ᷯᏦ, 2013). ԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲ᤟ὢᓢᾓఆቢ὾ᷞ᪒࿫Ѻ⁳`, ⺏`ᨆ⃮὆ᷞҲ Ϯὢზᶢ…ԾἏӪ ⁞↯὆؞ᓦẾ♇ὦҲ᥻᤟, Ҳᷢ᤟ὢ⹃ᓢఆӎ⦣ⵗ᤟, ῿ⵗ᤟, ᷞҞ᤟὆Њाὢ᤟ӣ`Ἢ၊᫒ⷲఎᨆὶ૒. ὢ࿚ⵊὢἎ၊ᷞҲϮᾆ ὢზᶢ↲ ԾἏӪ  ࢢᶾᤊં ᷯἎᴲ὆ ҫⷆ὆ ᷞ᥻᤟ὢ ᓢᾓఆӎ ◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ ؞ӮϲᶾẾ⹊ⵆѺῲὢⵆல။லḮ⃲ᨆὶ૒(خ␫ᓣ·خᏪ↲·خ⸦·ἒἮ⃪·ὢ૮ ׎· ↮ⷲṦ, 2011). ᷞҲ☏ቢᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲંⵇጦ`Ἢ၊ லḒྙேᴶᷞ՚ఆᶶ↮ᆺ⪧⽶╊תᶾં՛ `Ἢ၊ல⃿Ẃⵊὢ᩶Ϯఆӎὶ ૒. OECD ECEC (Early Childhood Education and Care)ᶾᤊં2014-15ल ␳ ᴲ‎૒⃿ⵆࢆ၊◖ⵇῲἎᴲḮ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲᅪ⯚ⵖ᫊✞૒. ՛ࢢᷞ՚ ં◖ⵇῲἎᴲḮ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲϮ⃪၊ԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯὆ᷞҲᅪ⃿᫚ Ἢ၊ὢზᶢ↮ӎὶἪࢆⵢṦᶾᤊંἎᴲϮ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊᾆ`Ἷⵎᨆὶல။ ῲὦᐊ૚ἲ↮Ếⵆӎᕮኖࢆ↮ᷛᢚ⹺ᅪ⦣ⵆᷚἎᴲᅪ┋⒢`Ἢ၊↮Ếⵆં ୞Ӯ᫚ὢὶᶢᓢ૒ᣋ⣊ⵇ`ὦӮ῾ᶾᤊ῿תⵆӎὶ૒. ẞᆚࢆཪᶾᤊં3-5ᤦᷞဧᒲ৲ᆚӪ ┋၎ᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲ ᅪӎဒⵆᷮἺἲᐋ⽶ӎὶἪ቞Ծᢚẗ↮லᤊᶾ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ӪᷞҲఆં Ẃ᥺ᅪᓢ⃪ᷚӎὶ૒. ὢ࿚ⵊ᫊லંጦᤊ᢯ᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ԾἏӪ ᷞҲϮୂẟЃ⹂ఆӎὶἺἲᓢ⃪ᷚӎὶἪ቞ԾᢚᶾѺலᷞҲ὆⃿ Ẃ᤟ἲᴺᆚં⃪Ẃⵊ⦣၊Ϯఆӎὶ૒. ⓶೟ⵇԾᨆ⃮ᶾᤊં2009 ⓶೟ⵇԾԾ ἏӪ Њ ᫊Ἆ♆ẾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲᅪӎဒⵆᷮἪ቞ⷲᾚ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  Њ ᶾӮဖఊᷞ՚ᶾᤊல৲ᆚӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲᅪᓢ૒`ק`Ἢ၊૒ზӎὶ

(22)

XW ૒. ↮׶غ↮◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲંἎ⓶ᷞҲཪં⃪ ၊ጦᤊ᢯ԾἏӪ ὆Ҳᷢ ᤟ ᕲᤋὢࢆ ⵇ؞ ⓶ `Ἷἲ Ỳ⃪၊ ᷞ՚ఆᶢ Ṃ૒. ෾ⵊ, ᫒ ၊ ৲ᆚӪ Ἦ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲᅪӎဒⵆቢᤊЊᐊఆᶶ૒. ⵆ↮ᆺⷲᾓᶾᤊᷞҲᅪ ↮Ếⵆંᐗᒃὢᤎ⵷ⵇ᪣ӪЇἮᐗ᫋Ἢ၊ᒮ↶ఆӎὶ؞லⵆ቞ᷞҲӪ ᶾ ᤊᶢဒẮἲҘંἎᴲᅪ↮Ếⵆં୞ᶢဒẮὢὶ૒. ὢંԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯὆ᷞҲᅪ⦣ⵆᷚᓢ૒ẾᆺⵊᷞҲᅪݮⵆӎὶἺᶾல ᕶ՚ⵆӎ ◖ⵇ ῲ ԾἏӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ϲᶾં Ἆᴲ὆ ҫⷆ ☏ቢᶾᤊ ␖ὢϮὶ૒ં୞ᤊ؞ὦⵆ؞லⵊ૒. ᷶ᅪ೒ቢ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलἮ૮ᕮᕲ૖Ỳ ␖᫊၊ᐞᕲఊᨆᶳᶾ␦ᷚⵆӎὶᶢ՚⁞`Ἢ၊὾Ἆ८ὢϮᕮ ⵆ቞૖Ỳ␖᫊ ὦ40ᕲἮⵇलᶾ᢯ӮᶴὢேὪⵆᷚ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलᶾ`ῶⵊ↮४὆ⵎⴲẂϮ ὶ૒. ὢ࿚ⵊᕮᕲἮጦᤊ᢯὆ᷞҲᆺἪ၊ંקᓣⵆ؞ᶢဒẢᕮᕲὢ૒. ὢ࿚ⵊ ᐞҫᶾᤊ ◖ⵇ ῲ ԾἏӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ ᷞҲ ☏ቢᶾᤊ ጦᤊ᢯ᷞҲᅪᒅᶢࢆ⹊ே(ᨆᶳ)ᶾ૮ⵊ⒎ⵇ, ῿תᐗᒃ, Ծᨆ·ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ጪᆚ` ⹆ҫ೟὆ᷞҲ᤟ᕲᤋἪ၊⹃૮ⵢᵪⵊ૒ંẂ՚ં(خ␫ᓣ·خᏪ↲, 2006; ἒἮ ⃪, 2010) ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲᷞ՚ᶾᢶ၊Ảᐗⶓ᤟ἲ ӣⵊ૒. Ἆᴲ὆᫒ ҫⷆ ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲᶾ῿תⵆંᷞ՚ϮⴲẂⵆ૒. ԾἏӪ ᷞҲϮጦᤊ᢯὆ᷞҲᅪ ᒅᶢࢆἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ὢཪં☏ቢᶾᤊᢢ⮢ᓢӎ◖ⵇῲ·⺲὆ҫⷆὢᐊ ૚`Ἢ၊`ⵗⵊ↮ᅪᷞҲ☏ቢᶾᤊ४὆ⵎⴲẂϮὶ૒. ⵊ⮦, ᷞҲ὆ЊाὢἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ὢཪં☏ቢᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲ·⺲Ἆᴲᶾ ѺேὪⵊҫⷆἲ ӣⵢᵪⵊ૒ўࢆ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ԾἏӪ ὢேὪⵢᵪⵖἲ⃪ ᾓⵆંѱἮᴲશ૒. ᷞҲϮᓢᾓఊ૒ંЊाὢᷞဧϲᶾⵛ᢯ᷞ᥻᤟ᆺἲᓢ ᾓⵊ૒ӎᓢ؞ંᶢဣ؞ഺጦὢ૒. צ࿪ᶾலᕶ՚ⵆӎ◖ⵇῲ·⺲؞ӮὢϮ↮ ӎὶંጦ⹂ࢆẢᷯᐗᒃὢᇒẞ૚ཪὢ೒ϲᷞҲᅪỲⵢἎᴲ὆ҫⷆὢἎ ᴲ὆ᐊ૚૖Ҳᶾഞཪ`ῶⵊ↮ᅪᕲᤋⵆંѱἮ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲᕲᤋⵆં୞ⴲẂⵆ૒. ◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ Ἆᴲ὆ ҫⷆἮ ϯ ؞Ӯὢ Ϯ↮ӎ ὶં ӎἎⵊ ጦ⹂὆ ␖ὢᶾᤊ ؞ὦⵆ؞லⵆં୞ԾἏӪ ὆᫒⵷὾ϮԾᢚཪં῾ᶾᤊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋ὢࢆᫎ ाᶾᷯⶓἲᐉં૒. ὢᶾ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲᅪἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ ᥻᤟Ӫ`ⵗ᤟☏ቢᶾᤊ῿תⵆᷚᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊԾᢚ὆ὦ᫋ӪԾἏӪ ὢ՚⒢ `Ἢ၊᫒⵷ఆંᾓቢᶾᤊ὆ᷞҲⷲ⹗ἲᴺᴲᓢᵆ૒.

(23)

⚥ᷩG G XX ᓦᷞ՚ં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲ☏ቢᶾᤊҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ὢᶪ ᆶࢆᓢᾓఆં↮ᅪԾᢚ὆ԾἏӪ ὢⵢ, ԾἏӪ Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, ԾᢚḮἎᴲᏽ Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗ, ؞Ӯ὆ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ,  லᏽ ␳೟὆☏ቢᶾᤊᴺᴲᓢӎ ὾ⵊ૒. ὢᅪᐂ⣃Ἢ၊৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ϲ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲЃ⹂ⵎᨆ ὶંᐗᴶἲኖᢷⵆᷮ૒.

YUG ⭹ድᘽⰲ

⒙⇦, ᷞҲ὆ ЊाӪ ⴲẂ᤟, ᷞҲᶾ ૮ⵊ Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿·⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ὆ ὦ᫋, Ἆᴲᨆ⃮ᶾᤊ὆ԾἏӪ ᷞҲ, ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ḯ὆ᷞҲᶾӮဖఊᤎ ⵷ᷞ՚ᅪ ᆚⵊ૒. ෾ⵊ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ᷞҲᅪ↮ ẾⵆંṦ՛ᢚီᅪѮ⦎ⵆᷮ૒. ె⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ┋၎὆ ՚᤟ἲ ᘲԾⵆӎ ԾἏӪ  ՚᤟ ὆ᐗⶓὢࢆኗ`, ኗⱊ, ⮦᤟, Ảᷯ, Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ೟ᶾᤊ὆␖ὢ῾ἲᕲᤋⵆӎ ৲ᆚӪ ┋၎☏ቢᶾᤊ὆Њᤎᢚⵛἲ४὆ⵆᷮ૒. ᤹⇦, ᫒  ԾἏӪ ὢ ᫒⵷ఆં ☏ቢᶾᤊ ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ ᷞҲ லᅪᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᕲᤋᷯᷛἮẢ᫊ᷯϲ, ԾᢚḮ὆᢯⸦὿ẗ, ෾྆Ḯ὆᢯ ⸦὿ẗ, Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫἪ၊՚ᕲⵆᷚ5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇ लԾἏӪ ᫒⵷᢯ᶾᤊࢆ⢮ࢆંἎᢚ῾Ӫ␖ὢ῾ἲᘲԾ·ᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᓦᕲ ᤋҞӪંԾᢚ૮᢯ᤒጦ⁞ᢚጦⵛ՚᤟ἲỲⵊ؞⓶὾Ⴚ၊⹊ẗఆᶶ૒. थ⇦, Ἆ♆Ếᏽᶢᆞὢ↿ԾᢚḮẾϾ(ᾓ), ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚᏽԾᾓἲ૮ ᢯Ἢ၊5ᤦḮ⓶೟1ⵇलϲ὆ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋, ⷲ⹗, Њᤎᢚⵛ, ⓶೟1ⵇलἎ ᴲ὆ⵇ؞⓶`Ἷ೟ᶾӮⵊ὆Қἲᴺᴲᓢᵆ૒. ෾ⵊ5ᤦ὆⓶೟ⵇԾέⵇᶾ ૮ⵊ὆ҚӪ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलἎᴲ὆⓶೟ⵇԾҫⷆᶾ૮ⵊ὆Қἲ⁞ᢚⵆᷮ૒. ૒ᤝ⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ϲ ᷞҲᶾ ૮ⵊ ὦ᫋, ᢯⸦ ԾἏӪ  ὢⵢ ல, ԾἏӪ Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, Ծᢚᏽ෾྆Ḯ὆᢯⸦὿ẗ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ, ᷞҲ ᅪ Ỳⵊ ↮Ế ☏ቢᶾᤊ Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ϲ ὦ᫋ ᏽ ؞Ӯᶾ ഞᅦ␖ὢᅪᕲᤋⵆᷚ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ᫒⣊ᅪ⫺ᴳⵆᷮ૒. ᷚᤝ⇦, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ὆ᷞҲ᤟ἲЃ⹂ⵎᨆὶં ␳὆؞ ᓦᐗⶓἲᨆᆫⵆӎ՚⒢`ὦ ␳ᐗᴶἲԾᢚ, ؞Ӯ,  ᕮ, Ἆᴲ, ᕮኖ☏ቢᶾᤊ  ᴶⵆᷮ૒.

(24)

XY

ZUG ⭹ድ↲∞

ᆉUG ⃁㭕G ⭹ድ

ᷞҲ὆ⴲẂ᤟, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᷞҲᶾӮဖఊὦ᫋, ጦᤊ᢯὆ ᷞҲ, Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃᶾᤊ὆ ᷞҲᶾ Ӯဖఊᤎ⵷ᷞ՚ᅪ ᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ἎᴲḮ ⓶೟ ᨆ⃮὆ԾἏӪ ᷞҲᅪᓢ⃪ᷚંⵢṦᢚီᅪᨆ↿ⵆᷮ૒. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ጦᤊ᢯ᷞҲ லᅪ┋၎὆՚⁞, ┋၎ᶾࢆ ⢮ࢊῲᐆ`ὦᐗⶓὢࢆኗ`, ኗⱊ, ⮦᤟, Ảᷯ, Ծᨆⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ೟☏ቢᶾᤊᕲ ᤋⵆᷮ૒.

ᘡUG ´᡽G ⷹ☵

ᓦ ᷞ՚὆ ቢૢ⁞ᢚં ԾẾӪ Ἆᴲ(5ᤦḮ ⓶೟ 1ⵇल)ᅪ ૮᢯Ἢ၊ ὢზᶢ› ૒. ԾẾ૮᢯ቢૢ⁞ᢚᶾᤊં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊὦ ᫋ ᏽ ᫒⣊ ⫺ᴳἲ Ỳⵆᷚ Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿ Ếᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽ Ծᢚ 7ታӪ ⓶೟ⵇԾ ԾẾ 6ታἲ ૮᢯Ἢ၊ ⵆᷮ૒. ↮׶غ↮ ቢૢⵊ Ếᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽ Ծᢚ  ᓢં ᴲ྆ <ⱊⅠ-3-1>, ⓶೟ⵇԾԾẾ ᓢં<ⱊⅠ-3-2> ᶾϯϯ ᫊ఆᶢὶ૒. ϣ㧥G ܱTZTXϤG ´᡽ⷹ☵G ᢉ♊G ⶞≽G ˀG ⲩ㏡ⱙV⬽Ἱ⳽⽚G ⱙ⴮OᆙPG ↘G ዙ☵ ؞Ӯታ ؞Ӯ·ᤒᆫἎ⸃ ↯Ỳ Ἆᴲᷞဧ ᥺ᾚ↮ ቢૢࢎ⇊ DἎ♆Ế ᢚᆫἎ♆Ế Ծᢚ ᆺ3ᤦ ҫ؞ல 2014. 4. 14 Ծᢚ ᆺ5ᤦ ẾϾ -Ếᾓ -Yᶢᆞὢ↿ Ꮺϲᶢᆞὢ↿ Ծᢚ ᆺ3ᤦ ᤊẦ 2014. 4. 21 Ծᢚ ᆺ5ᤦ Ếᾓ -DSἎ♆Ế ӣᆫᒿᤒἎ♆Ế Ծᢚ ᆺ5ᤦ ૮՚ 2014. 4. 30 Hᶢᆞὢ↿ ↯ᾓᶢᆞὢ↿ Ծᢚ ᆺ5ᤦ ᤊẦ 2014. 9. 30 CAἎ♆Ế ᕮ᥻Ἆ♆Ế ẾϾ - ᤊẦ 2014. 10. 2. Sᶢᆞὢ↿ ӣᆫᶢᆞὢ↿ Ծᢚ Ꮺ5ᤦ ૮ῲ 2014. 10. 30

(25)

⚥ᷩG G XZ ϣ㧥G ܱTZTYϤG ´᡽ⷹ☵G ᢉ♊G ⶞≽G ˀG ㊑᩺㫢ዙG ዙⱙ ؞Ӯታ ؞Ӯ·ᤒᆫἎ⸃ ↯Ỳ Ἆᴲᷞဧ ᥺ᾚ↮ ቢૢࢎ⇊ DS⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᾓ - ૮՚ 2014. 4. 18 DB⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ԾᢚA ⓶೟1ⵇल ૮՚ 2014. 4. 18 ԾᢚB ⓶೟1ⵇल BI⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ૮՚ 2014. 4. 18 DS⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ૮՚ 2014. 4. 30 DL⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ૮՚ 2014. 7. 10 CY⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ҫ؞ல 2014. 7. 11 CC⓶೟ⵇԾ ᕮ᥻⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ЃẾ 2014. 7. 14 CCԾἏ૮ⵇԾ ᕮ᥻⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᨆ ⓶೟1ⵇल ЃẾ 2014. 7. 14 DD⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ Ծᢚ ⓶೟1ⵇल ᤊẦ 2014. 7. 17 Ἆᴲ૮᢯ቢૢᶾંἎ♆ẾӪᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆϯ1ⵇ׷ᴗ┋2ⵇ׷ὢ␦ᷚⵆ ᷮἪ቞⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇल3ⵇ׷ὢ␦ᷚⵆᷮ૒. 5ᤦἎᴲᅪ૮᢯Ἢ၊ં⓶೟ⵇԾέ ⵇᶾ૮ⵊЊὦ`὆Қἲ ⁞ᢚⵆᷮἪ቞⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलἎᴲᅪ૮᢯Ἢ၊ં1ⵇ लὢఆᶢᤊ⁹Ἦ῾, ⾆೎῾ἲᴺᴲᓢᵆ૒. ἎᴲḮᷞ՚὾ϲ྆⯚⸃᤟ἲⵎ ᫊ϲὢᕮ ⵆᷚ↯῿ቢૢⵆ↮ኩⵆӎϯⵇ׷὆ૢὲԾᢚϮἎᴲᅪЊὦቢૢ ⵆᷚቢૢҞӪᅪἎᴲϮᆾⵊጦᾓצ૮၊ᴺဒ⃪ંᐗ᫋ἲ◖ⵆᷮ૒. ϣ㧥G ܱTZTZϤG ´᡽ⷹ☵G ᢉ♊G ⶞≽G ˀG \⛁G ↘G ㊑᩺G X㫢ᛍG ⲩ⫍ ؞Ӯታ ࢖ᴲᨆ(ታ) ᷚᴲᨆ(ታ) Ҳ(ታ) JCᶢᆞὢ↿ 7 8 15 CAἎ♆Ế 14 15 29 DS⓶೟ⵇԾ 14 11 25 DB⓶೟ⵇԾ 10 8 18 BI⓶೟ⵇԾ 14 11 25 Ҳ 59 53 112

ᡭUG 㮍⴮኉ㆹ

৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ ᫒⵷᢯ ᷞҲᅪ ᢢ⮢ᓢ؞ Ỳⵆᷚ ᆺ 5ᤦ, ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾ᫒ἲᐗጦⵆᷚԾἏӪ ἲ᫒⵷ⵆં᫒ ኖ᪣(ᆺ5ᤦḮ⓶೟ 1ⵇल ϲ ᨆᶳ)ἲ Ӯ␞ⵆӎ ⹊ே(ᨆᶳ)ⵆં ኖ᪣, ԾᢚḮ὆ ᢯⸦὿ẗ, ෾྆ ϲ ᢯⸦὿ẗ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ೟ἲᘲԾ·ᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ⷲᾓӮ␞ἲⵊ؞Ӯ὆ ᓢંᴲ

(26)

X[ ྆<ⱊⅠ-3-4>ᶾ ᫊ⵆᷮ૒. ϣ㧥G ܱTZT[ϤG 㮍⴮኉ㆹG ᢉ♊G Ꮉ኉G ⶞≽ ؞Ӯታ ؞Ӯ·ᤒᆫἎ⸃ ⵇ׷ᷞဧ ᥺ᾚ↮ Ӯ␞ࢎ⇊ DἎ♆Ế ᢚᆫἎ♆Ế ᆺ5ᤦ ҫ؞ல 2014. 4. 14 Yᶢᆞὢ↿ Ꮺϲᶢᆞὢ↿ ᆺ5ᤦ ᤊẦ 2014. 4. 21 DS⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫᒿᤒἎ♆Ế ᆺ5ᤦ ૮՚ 2014. 4. 30 ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶೟1ⵇल DL⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶೟1ⵇल ૮՚ 2014. 7. 10 CY⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶೟1ⵇल ҫ؞ல 2014. 7. 11 CC⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶೟1ⵇल ЃẾ 2014. 7. 14 DD⓶೟ⵇԾ ӣᆫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ⓶೟1ⵇल ᤊẦ 2014. 7. 17 Hᶢᆞὢ↿ ↯ᾓᶢᆞὢ↿ ᆺ5ᤦ ᤊẦ 2014. 9. 30 CἎ♆Ế ᕮ᥻Ἆ♆Ế ᆺ5ᤦ ᤊẦ 2014. 10. 2. Sᶢᆞὢ↿ ӣᆫᶢᆞὢ↿ ᆺ5ᤦ ૮ῲ 2014. 10. 30

ᴅUG ⚭⃁ⷹ☵

Ծᢚ૮᢯ᤒጦ⁞ᢚᅪ5ᤦૢὲԾᢚḮ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ┋1,400ታἲ૮ ᢯Ἢ၊ ᫒᫊ⵆᷮ૒. ؞Ӯᒲ·ᤒᆫἎ⸃ᒲ ⱊ↿Ἦ ᴲ྆ <ⱊ Ⅰ-3-5>Ḯ Ї૒. ⁞ᢚ ࢢẗἮᷞҲ὆ⴲẂ᤟, ὦ᫋, ԾἏӪ ὢⵢ ல, ԾἏӪ Ҳ⹻·᫒⵷, Ծᢚᏽ ෾྆Ḯ὆᢯⸦὿ẗ, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ,  லᏽ ␳, ᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮Ế☏ቢᶾ૮ⵊ Ծᢚ὆ὦ᫋Ӫ᫒⣊၊Ẃᵫఎᨆὶ૒. Ծᢚ૮᢯ᤒጦ⁞ᢚⵛኗἮᴲ྆<ⱊⅠ -3-6>ᶾ ᫊ఆᶢὶ૒. ϣ㧥G ܱTZT\ϤG Ꮉ኉≍½⚭὆ⲩ㮞≍G ዙ☵G 㧥⽚ ᡱⲍaG ‎ Ἆ⸃ 5ᤦԾᢚ ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ ᶢᆞὢ↿ ՛ӣᆫ 49 ӣᆫ 700 Ꮺϲ 165 ᒃὦ 46 Ἆ♆Ế ՛ӣᆫ 103 ᢚᆫ 337 Ἆ♆Ế/ᶢᆞὢ↿ⵗҲ 700 Ҳ 1,400

(27)

⚥ᷩG G X\ ϣ㧥G ܱTZT]ϤG ዙ☵G ᢉ♊G ⚭⃁ⷹ☵G 㫶′ ᕲᅆ ⁞ᢚⵛኗ Ἷૣ὾὆ Ὢᐆ ᓢ - ᥺᥻؞ӮἎ⸃, ؞Ӯ׊ኖ - Ծᢚᷞဧ, ҫဓ, ὾җ↋, ⵇဓ, 3लὢࢢ5ᤦૢὲԾᢚૢ૧ᘶல - ⵇ׷Ἆᴲᨆ, ᓢ⁞ԾᢚἎጢ ᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊ ὦ᫋ - ᷞҲ὆Њा, ኗ`, ૮᢯ - ᢯૮ԾἏӪ ᶾ૮ⵊὢⵢ ல, ⵛኗᒲᷞҲϮⴲẂⵊ ல - έⵇ᫊Ἆᴲᐊ૚ᨆ⃮ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ ԾἏӪ  (৲ᆚӪ , ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ) ⮦᤟·Ảᷯ - ᷞҲᐆᷯ ல, ८ὢᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ`ẗ ல, ⃪ ⃿᫚ ⦣ⵗᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ`ẗ ல, Ἆᴲ⽓Ꮶᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ `ẗ ல - Ծᢚẗ↮லᤊᾚ՚᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽᾚ՚᤟ ல - ૒ᵿⵊ↿૖՚᤟ᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ`ẗ ல - ᫒Ṧ⹊ேᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ`ẗ ல - ὾Ἆᤎ⣋⹊ேᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ - ⮷Ϯ૮᢯ᏽᐗᒃ ԾᢚᏽἎᴲϲ ᢯⸦὿ẗ - Ծᢚᷛⵎ, ԾᢚḮἎᴲϲᘲᶦᶢ`/ᶦᶢ`᢯⸦὿ẗᶾ૮ⵊ ὦ᫋ᏽ᫒⣊ - Ἆᴲϲ᢯⸦὿ẗᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ᫒⣊ - Ἆᴲϲ϶೟ⵢҞᐗᒃ - ЊᒲἎᴲ὆Ẃ՚↮Ế ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ - Ծ᫒·ᓢἏ᫒⹆ҫ, ᫒Ṧ⹆ҫ὆`ῶ᤟ - ἎᴲϮᶢဒẺⵎጪᆚ`⹆ҫ - ᷞҲᶾ׻ `ὦᷯⶓἲᏦ♎ᨆὶંẂὦ - ८ήϾᶾ૮ⵊὦ᫋ᏽ՚ᘲ ல - ⁺᫋⹊ேᶾ૮ⵊⴲẂᏽ᫒⣊ - ⹂ᾓ᫒ὢẗ ᫒⣊ ᷞҲᅪỲⵊ ↮Ế - ᵿ᤟؞Ӯᏽⷲ↯ᷞᨆᶾᤊ὆ᷞҲӮဖЃ⁺ҫⷆᷚᕮḮ லẮఊ ல - ᷞҲᷞᨆ␦ᷚⷲ⹗ᏽ␦ᷚ὆ல - ᷞҲᅪ↮Ếⵆ؞Ỳⵊᐗᴶᏽᕮኖ὆Ӯ᫚ - ᆺ5ᤦ૮᢯὆ጢԾἏᷚᕮ - Ὢ⒢⸃ԾἏӪ Њᐊᏽ▂՚ⵆંὦϲ᢯ ᆫ - ᣋ⹊؞။ᕮ὿᤟ⷲ⹗ᏽ⹊ẗᐗᴶ - ⓶೟ⵇԾԾ᫒ࢢᓢ⁞ԾᢚὢẗẂ՚ - ᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮Ếᐗᴶ

(28)

X]

ὑUG ⴙ⃁㰕ⳡG ↘G 㮚ⳡ㰕

ᷞ՚὆ ᐗⶓӪ ࢢẗἲ ४὆ⵆӎ, ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ Ӫ὆ ጦᤊ᢯ ᷞҲᕲᤋ, ᷞҲலኖᅪỲⵊ ␳ᐗᴶ४὆ᅪỲⵢῲጦϮ૮᢯὾ጦ⹺὆ḮԾ ᢚ૮᢯ⷿ὆⹺ᅪЊ╊ⵆᷮ૒. ϣ㧥G ܱTZT^ϤG ⭹ድG ᆥⰝ ጦⶺᷞ՚ ᏽ὾ጦ⹺὆ - ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲ὆Њाᤎ⵷ᷞ՚Ѯ⦎ - ᷞҲӮဖ؞⁢ᓢӎᤊḮ὆␖ᒲ⹂Ѯ⦎ - ⵢṦԾἏӪ ᷞҲᏽᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮Ếᐗᴶ⢾ᢷ 뾞 5ᤦᏽ⓶೟ⵇԾ 1ⵇल ᨆᶳӮ␞ᏽ Ếᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽ Ծᢚቢૢ - ᶢᆞὢ↿·Ἆ♆Ế5ᤦᏽ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलᨆᶳӮ␞ · ᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆᨆᶳӮ␞ · Ἆ♆Ế5ᤦᐆᨆᶳӮ␞ · ⓶೟1ⵇलᨆᶳӮ␞ - ᶢᆞὢ↿·Ἆ♆Ế5ᤦᏽ⓶೟1ⵇलԾẾቢૢ · ᶢᆞὢ↿, Ἆ♆ẾẾᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽ5ᤦᐆૢὲԾᢚ · ⓶೟ⵇԾԾᾓᏽ1ⵇलૢὲԾᢚ 뾞 ᨆᶳӮ␞ᏽ Ếᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽ Ծᢚቢૢᕲᤋ - ᨆᶳӮ␞ᏽẾᾓ(Ͼ) ᏽԾᢚቢૢ὾Ⴚᕲᤋἲ⦣ⵢ ᤒጦ↮⓶ᴶ὿᤟ 뾞 Ծᢚ૮᢯ ᤒጦ⁞ᢚ ᫒᫊ - Ծᢚ૮᢯ᤒጦ⁞ᢚ᫒᫊ · ᶢᆞὢ↿5ᤦᐆԾᢚ260ታ · Ἆ♆Ế5ᤦᐆԾᢚ440ታ · ⓶೟ⵇԾ1ⵇलԾᢚ700ታ 뾞 ῲጦϮ὾ጦ⹺὆ -  ␳ᐗᴶᶾ૮ⵊ὆Қᨆဢ · ⵇҲῲጦϮᏽԾᢚ὾ጦ⹺὆᫒᫊ 뾞  ␳ᐗᴶ ல▊ -  ␳὆؞ᓦᐗⶓ ᆫ -  ᕮ, ؞Ӯ, Ծᢚ, ᕮኖ, Ἆᴲ૮᢯ ␳ᐗᴶᨆᆫ

(29)

⚥ᷩG G X^

[UG ⭹ድ∝ⲍ

ᓦᷞ՚ં৲ᆚӪ ᏽ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ᷞҲ லᅪἎᴲҫⷆ὆ᷞ᥻᤟ὢཪં ☏ቢᶾᤊ૒ზᶶ૒. ᷞ՚὆ᒂỲં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯ࢢẗὢ ⓶῾ὢ ᴲશཪ ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ Ảᷯ᢯ ᷞҲᶾ ⓶῾ἲ ాቢᤊ ాԾἏӪ ἲẢᷯⵎഺἎᴲϮ؞ӮᶾᤊҫⷆⵆѺఆંᕮᕲἲ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ᷞ Ҳ லᅪᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒.

(30)

Ⅱ. ᤎ⵷ᷞ՚

ᓦᾓᶾᤊં৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲЊाᏽⴲẂ᤟ᶾ૮ⵊᷞ ՚ᅪ ᢢ⮢ᓢӎ ╊ת ᷞҲ Ӯဖ ᷞ՚὆ ᐗⶓἲ ⫺ᴳⵆᷮ૒. ෾ⵊ ⵢṦ὆ ◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ԾἏӪ ጦᤊ᢯ᷞҲ᫒⣊ᏽᷞҲᅪỲⵊ↮Ếᢚီᅪᢢ⮢ᓢᵆ૒.

XUG ⭹ቍⳡG ᆥᛙG ↘G 㫍Ⱍ⚺

ᆉUG ⭹ቍⳡG ᆥᛙ

ᷞҲ὆ЊाἮᷞҲᶾ૮ⵊ῿תᐗ᫋, Ѓ⁞, ᒂỲ೟ᶾഞཪ૒ᵿⵆѺ ὆ఆ ӎὶ૒. ῲ⦣`Ἢ၊ԾἏӪ ᷞҲ὆ЊाἮTyler὆ԾἏӪ ࢢẗ⁞↯Ếᆚ ὦ Ҳ᥻᤟(continuity), Ҳᷢ᤟(sequence), ⦣ⵗ᤟(integration)ᶾᤊ ᢢ⮢ᓪ ᨆ ὶ ૒. ὢṦ῿ⵗ᤟(articulation)ӪᷞҞ᤟(relation/connection)὆὆ᏦϮ⯚ⵖఆ؞ லⵊ૒(خ↲ᨇ, 2006). ὢ࿚ⵊᷞҲ὆᥻᤟Ἦ⁳`, ⺏`Ӯဖ᤟Ἢ၊ᒂ⃪⹂ఆ ؞லⵆં୞Ҳ᥻᤟, Ҳᷢ᤟, ῿ⵗ᤟Ἦ⁳`ᷞҲ᤟, ⦣ⵗ᤟Ἦ⺏`ᷞҲ᤟Ἢ၊  ᫊ఊ૒(خ↲ᨇ, 2013). ᷞҲ᤟Њा὆᥻᤟ᒲ὆ᏦḮ⁳`/⺏`ӮҲᅪϲྣ⽶ ᢢ⮢ᓢቢ<ⱊⅡ-1-1>ӪЇ૒. ὢ⒆࿪ Ἆ-⓶ ᷞҲᶾᤊ ԾἏӪ ὆ ᷞҲં ԾἏӪ ὆ ૒ᵿⵊ ☏ቢ೒ ϲᶾ ⸃᤟ఆં⁳`, ⺏`὆᢯⸦ӮҲᅪ὆Ꮶⵊ૒(⹗ἒᤦ, 2012). ԾἏ૖Ỳϲ⁳`, ⺏`Ӯဖ᤟ἲ↮શӎ, ⵇल, ⵇԾ׷ᢚὢ὆ԾἏࢢẗὢӮဖἲᇨἺӪே᫊ᶾ ԾἏࢢẗὢᤊ၊὆Ꮶᅪ↮શӎ՚ᕲఆંѱ, צᆚӎצᢚὢӮဖὢẾ⹊ⵖἲ ࢆ⢮ࢦ૒(خⷲ↲·ᵿᪧ⽚, 2013). ⅷԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲં ԾἏӪ ӮဖẂ᥺೒ὢ ⁳`෾ં⺏`Ἢ၊᢯ӮἲЄἪቢᤊலԾἏࢢẗὢ՚ᕲఆቢᤊ὾ᷞ᪒࿫Ѻᷞ Ҟఆંѱὢཪӎᓪᨆὶ૒. ԾἏӪ ὆ ᷞҲཪં Њाὢ ԾἏࢢẗἲ ؞⃮Ἢ၊ ⁳`, ⺏` ӮҲᅪ ⦣ⵢ ᷞҞఆંѱἪ၊ᓢӎὶ↮ᆺԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲᶾᤊԾἏӪ ὆὆ᏦϮጦᤊ᢯ ԾἏӪ ᶾᆺ ⵊఆંѱἮᴲશ૒. ԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲϮᓢ૒⹃૮ఆᶢᷞҲϮ Ἆᴲᢤ὆ῲᐆ`ὦኖ᪣ἲ↮Ếⵎᨆὶᶢᵪⵊ૒.

(31)

⚩㬒G ⭹ድG G X` ϣ㧥G ܲTXTXϤG ⭹ቍ⚺G ᆥᛙⳡG ✖⚺≍G ⳡↁ ᥻᤟ ὆Ꮶ ӮҲ Ҳ᥻᤟ ேὪⵊЊा, ↮᫋, ؞ઓ, Ẃ᥺೟ὢԾἏӪ ᶾᐆᓣ`Ἢ၊  ᫊ఆંѱ ⁳` Ҳᷢ᤟ ேὪⵊԾἏࢢẗᨆ⃮ὢ῾␖᫚⹂, ⹃૮ఆંѱ ⁳` ⦣ⵗ᤟ ԾӪϲ, ԾӪṦ⹊ேὢᨆ⮷`, ᨆ↯`Ἢ၊Ӯဖ᤟ἲЄ ல။ԾἏӪ ὢ⁞↯ఆંѱ ⺏` ῿ⵗ᤟ ў᫊`☏ቢὢᴲ઺ⵇԾ׷, ᨊ␖`ԾἏӪ ᢚὢᶾ῿ⵗ ↮῾(᫊؞)ᶾӮ᫚ἲЄӎԾἏӪ ὢ὾ᷞ᪒࿫ѺᷞҞ, ῿ ⵗఆંѱ ⁳` ᷞҞ᤟ ў᫊`, ῲ⒢`☏ቢᶾᤊԾἏӪ ጦᤊṦᶾⵇ᪣὾ḮӮ ဖఊᷞҞ᤟ἲӎဒⵆંѱ -⃪: ᷞҲ᤟Њा὆᥻᤟ᒲ὆Ꮶંخ↲ᨇ(2006, 2013), ὢᪧᏦ(2010), ᾓታᆪṦ(2012)὆ࢢẗἲ Ẃᵫⵆᷚ ᫊ⵖ. ՛Ṧ὆ҫẞἎᴲԾἏ؞Ӯᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ၊὆ᷞҲЊाὢῲὢ(transition) ෾ ંⵇԾ⃮ᘲல(school readiness)ཪંẗᶢḮⵖۆᤒታఆӎὶ૒. ╊תᶾંᷞ Ҳᶾ ૮ⵊ ᣋ⣊ⵇ` Ӯ῾ὢ Ѓ⁞ఆቢᤊ Ӫўᶾ Ἆᴲ὆ ῲὢࢆ `Ἷᶾ ⓶῾ἲ ూѱᶾᐆⵢ╊תᶾંϮ , ⵇԾ, ↮ᷛᢚ⹺὆ᷛⵎὢⵖۆЃ⁞ఆቢᤊᷞҲᅪ ↮Ếⵆં ᒂỲϮ ⹃૮ఆӎ ὶ૒. ⅷ, ⵇԾᅪ Ỳⵊ ‘Ἆᴲ὆ ⃮ᘲ(children’s readiness for school)’, ‘Ἆᴲᅪ Ỳⵊ ⵇԾ὆ ⃮ᘲ(school’s readiness for children)’, ‘ⵇԾᅪ Ỳⵊ Ϯ Ӫ ↮ᷛᢚ⹺὆ ⃮ᘲ(families’s and communities’s readiness for school)’ϮⴲẂⵊѱὢ૒(Britto, 2012). Ἆᴲ὆⓶೟ⵇԾ၊὆ῲὢ ᶾંἎᴲЊὦӪୂᕶᶢἎᴲᅪె࿚᫪Ꮶ᫊`, ў᫊`⒢Ҳ὆૒ᵿⵊ⹆ҫẂ ᥺ϮᷯⶓἲᏦ♆؞ഺጦᶾ૒ᵿⵊᷯᷛἲ⦣ⵊ↮ẾὢⴲẂⵆ૒(Unicef, 2012). ὢḮЇἮᇓཫᶾᤊ⓶೟ⵇԾ၊὆᤟ӣ`ῲὢᅪỲⵢἎᴲϮᴺᴲᵪⵎѱ ὢࢆⵎᨆὶંѱᶾ૮ⵊὢⵢṦᶾலⵇԾϮἎᴲ὆Ế⹊ⵊῲὢᅪỲⵢἎ ᴲ὆ῲὦ`ᐊ૚ӪЊὦ`⪧᤟, Ẃ՚೟ἲӎဒⵊ⹆ҫἲ⃮ᘲⵢᵪⵎⴲẂϮ ὶἺἲ ↮`ⵆӎ ὶ૒(Ladd, 2005). צᆚӎ ᕮኖϮ  ӣⵢ⃪ં ⵇ᪣ ⹆ҫὢࢆ ᐆἿ`ὢӎ↮↮`ὦ⹆ҫᶾഞཪ⓶೟ⵇԾᏽ⃿·ӎ೟ⵇԾ὆ⵇᶳᨆ⵷ᶾᏮ῿ ⵊᷯⶓἲ⃮૒ંᷞ՚ҞӪ೒ὢᓢ⃪ᷚંѱӪЇὢϮ , ୂࢆᴲϮ↮ᷛᢚ⹺ லἎᴲ὆ⵇԾ⃮ᘲ(children’s readiness for school)ᶾ૮ⵊᢚ⹺ҫ `, ጦ⹂` ᇓཫἲὢⵢⵆӎ(Britto, 2012), Ἆᴲ὆ᐊ૚ἲӎဒⵆᷚ╊`὆ԾἏἲᐉἲᨆ ὶல။ `ק`ὦ ↮Ếὢ ⴲẂⵖἲ  ᫊ⵆӎ ὶ૒(Center for community child health, 2008).

(32)

YW ෾ⵊ, ᷞҲ὆૮᢯ὢԾἏӪ ὾⒢ᆺὢᴲશཪԾἏ⒎ⵇ, Ծᨆᒃ, Ծᢚ὆ᐊ ጦ⸃⣊, ጪᆚ`⹆ҫ೟Ἢ၊ᷞҲ὆Њाὢ⹃ᾓఆӎὶ૒. ἒἮ⃪(2010)ં◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ ԾἏӪ  ᷞҲᅪ Ỳⵢ ԾἏ⒎ⵇὢࢆ ԾἏኗ`ᶾ ૮ⵊ ӣἎϮ ⴲẂⵖἲ ↮`ⵆᷮ૒. خᏪ↲(2006)Ἦ՛ᶢӪԾᨆ-ⵇ᪣⹊ே὆᫒ ᅪጪᆚ`⹆ҫ, ⵆზ ὪӪ, ᫒ Ծᨆ-ⵇ᪣⹊ே὆ᤦϮ↮☏ቢᶾᤊᘲԾᕲᤋⵊᷞ՚ᅪ⦣ⵢ⹆ҫ ӪⵆზὪӪ՚᤟ᶾᤊ⡞␖ὢϮὶἪ቞, ᫒ ᨆᶳ⹊ே෾ⵊԾᨆᒃ, ⵇ᪣⹊ே ὆⪧⇃, Ծᢚ὆ᐊጦ⸃⣊, ⵇ᪣׊♇὆⁳ᅆḮᶲҗⵖᶾᤊ␖ὢϮὶἺἲᐋ⸂ ૒. ഞཪᤊ, ᓦ ᷞ՚ᶾᤊ὆ ᷞҲં ԾἏӪ  ጦᤊ᢯ᶾ ሦጪ࿮୆ ᷞҲ὆ Њाἲ ᒅᶢࢆԾἏӪ ἲ᫒⵷ⵆં☏ቢᶾᤊἎᴲ὆ҫⷆἲᷞҲ὆૮᢯Ἢ၊῿תⵆ ӎὶ૒. Ἆᴲ὆ҫⷆ☏ቢᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲᶾ῿תⵆᷚἎ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊἎᴲᶾѺᐊ૚`Ἢ၊`ⵗⵊҫⷆἲ ӣⵆ؞Ỳⵊᐗ⮦Ἢ၊ᷞ Ҳᅪ↮Ếⵆӎ὾ⵊ૒.

ᘡUG ⭹ቍⳡG 㫍Ⱍ⚺

ԾἏᕲᵪᶾᤊἎ-⓶ᷞҲ὆⃿Ẃ᤟Ἦ૒ᵿⵊ☏ቢᶾᤊЃ⁞ఆᶢṂ૒. ὢ⃿ ᤎ⵷ᷞ՚೒Ἦӣ⦣`Ἢ၊‘ᐊ૚`ⵗ᤟’, ‘⓶؞ⵇԾ`Ἷ’, ‘ԾἏӪ ὆⺖἖᤟’ ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲϮⴲẂⵖἲ ᫊ⵆӎὶ૒. ՚⒢`Ἢ၊ᢢ⮢ᓢቢ૒ἺӪЇ૒. ⒙⇦, ᐊ૚`ⵗ᤟ ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲϮ ⴲẂⵆ૒. 3-5ᤦ ἎᴲḮ 6-7ᤦ ⓶೟ⵇԾ ΅ⵇलἮᫎ⒢ᐊ૚, Ảே؞ઓᐊ૚, ὦ↮ᐊ૚, ᶦᶢᐊ૚, ᫚ᆚᢚ⹺`ᐊ૚☏ቢᶾ ᤊᷞ᥻`ὢቢᤊἎᢚⵊᐊ૚⪧᤟ἲ↮઺૒(ἒ⸊ ·خ᥺ⶓ, 2013; ⹗ἒᤦ, 2012). ⅷ, ᫎ⒢ᐊ૚὆ҫẞ4-7ᤦં⢒Ϯ׷җⵆѺ⛒↮ં 1ᫎᾓ؞ᶾ᥻ⵆ቞, Ảே ؞ઓᐊ૚὆ҫẞ2-7ᤦغ↮؞ᓦே὿ὢᐊ૚ⵆં᫊؞ӎ, ἎᴲḮ⓶೟΅ⵇलἮ ↯Ӯ`ᢚӎ؞၊ὦ↮`⪧᤟ὢἎᢚⵆӎ, ࢢ`ᶦᶢḮṦ`ᶦᶢᅪኖాᢚẗⵆ ંᶦᶢᐊ૚`⪧᤟ἲ↮શ቞, ෾྆↿૖ᶾᤊ᢯⸦὿ẗἲ⦣ⵊᢚ⹺᤟ὢᐊ૚ⵆ ં᫊؞ཪં῾ᶾᤊἎᢚⵆ૒(خⷲ↲·ᵿᪧ⽚, 2013; Ἆᪧ⽚, 2013). ╊ҫ⃪(2008) ல ẞᆚࢆཪ ⓶೟ⵇԾ 3ⵇलغ↮ં Ἆᴲ؞ᶾ ᥻ⵆӎ ᐊ૚` ⪧⇃ல Ἆᢚⵆ؞ ഺጦᶾ Ἆᴲ὆ ⓶೟ⵇԾ၊὆ ᷞҲϮ Ҳ᥻᤟Ӫ Ҳᷢ᤟ἲ ؞⓶၊ ⒢Ҳ⹂ఆᶢᵪ ⵖἲ⃪ᾓⵆᷮ૒. ె⇦, ⓶؞ⵇԾ`Ἷ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲϮⴲẂⵆ૒. Ἆ♆Ế·ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ ં ԾἏӪ , ᫊ᤒᤒᘲ, Ծ᫒⹆ҫ, ෾྆ӮҲ, ↿૖὆ ⡚؞, ᨆᶳẢᷯ ᐗ᫋ ೟ὢ

(33)

⚩㬒G ⭹ድG G YX ⵇԾ׷ϲᶾ᢯ὢⵆ૒. ὢ࿚ⵊ⫾ὢⵊ⹆ҫἪ၊ἎᴲϮῲὢⵆંѱἮἎᴲᶾѺ ⡞ᕮૢὢఎᨆὶἪ቞᫚ᆚ`Ἢ၊லᶢဒẮἲϮ…Ḛᨆὶ૒(ⶶ⸊ҫ, 2014). ὢᶾ◖ⵇῲ·⺲὆ԾἏ⹆ҫὢẾ⹊⽶ᷞҲఆᶢᵪⵆ቞ὢં⓶೟ⵇԾᶾέⵇ ⵆંἎᴲ὆ⵇԾᣋ⹊ើᆺᴲશཪἎᴲ὆Ὢᐆ`ὦ᤟ᾓӪᐊ૚ᶾலᷯⶓἲᏦ ♊૒(Ἆᪧ⽚, 2013). ⵇԾ၊὆᤟ӣ`ὦῲὢંἎᴲ὆ⵇᶳ᤟◖Ḯᐊ૚ἲୂẟ ⹃ӎ⽶ⵆં⹃᫒ⵊᐗ᫋ὦѱὢ૒(Yeboah, 2010). ᤹⇦, ԾἏӪ ὆ ⺖἖᤟ ☏ቢᶾᤊ ᷞҲϮ ⴲẂⵆ૒. Ἆ♆Ế ᏽ ᶢᆞὢ↿Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾᤊᐞẞંԾἏӪ ࢢẗὢ⃿ᓣ, ૖ῶ, ᘲᵫὢᶴӎᾆᷞҲఆᶢᵪ ⵇ᪣ὢᾆὢზᶢ↮Ѻఊ૒(ὢ↮ⷲ·ῲ⸻⃪·ᐃἮ⸊, 2012). ഞཪᤊ৲ᆚӪ Њ  ὢࢆ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆⦣ⵗԾӪϮЊᐊఆંѱӪЇὢᢶ၊ẢԾἏӪ ἲЊᐊⵆં ҫẞⵛ᢯ᷞҲ☏ቢἲӎဒⵆѺఆંѱὢ૒(ᾓታᆪ·ᾓ⸊↲·ὢ⹆؞·ὢᪧᏦ·ᦏᫎ ᷯ·╊ᏦᏦ, 2012). ⵇ᪣὾὆⺖἖`ὦҫⷆἲỲⵢԾἏӪ ׷ϲᶾᷞҲϮЃ⹂ ఊ૒ቢԾἏ὆⺖Ӫંୂ⛒↶ѱἪ၊؞૮ⵎᨆὶ૒.

YUG ឍἵኅ⶞ኅG ㊑᩺㫢ዙዙⲪኅ⶞ኅⳡG ⭹ቍ

Ἆ♆ẾӪ⓶೟ⵇԾ὆ᷞҲӮဖᷞ՚ં1980ल૮ὢ⺲ᕮ⤞ⷲᾚغ↮࠸ὲᶴ ὢὢზᶢ…Ṃ૒. ў᫊`☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲ᤟Ἦ⵷·ᾚ `⒢ , ԾἏⱻ⦎, ᫊ᤒᏽ ᤒᘲ, ᣋ⹊↮ல, ԾἏӪ ὆ ᷞҲ᤟ ೟Ἢ၊ ՚ᕲⵎ ᨆ ὶἪࢆ(ἒ⸊ ·خ᥺ⶓ, 2013), ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ὆ᷞҲં⃪၊ጦᤊ᢯὆ԾἏӪ ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ ὢზᶢ…Ṃ૒. 3-5ᤦᷞဧᒲ৲ᆚӪ ὢ᫊὿ఆቢᤊӣ᫋`Ἢ၊⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ ᷞҲ᤟ἲ Ѓ⁞ⵆӎ ὶ؞ ഺጦᶾ ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ ᷞҲᶾ ૮ⵊ Ӯ᫚ὢ ୂ ⛒↮ӎ ὶંѱἪ၊ᓢὦ૒. ⷲᾚ৲ᆚӪ ὢ᫊⵷ఊ↮3लὢ␲ᴶఆં᫊῾ὢ؞ഺጦᶾ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏ Ӫ ὆ᷞҲӮဖᷞ՚Ϯᴲ↯ᆼὢὢზᶢ↮↮ંᴸᵆ૒. ᤎ⵷ᷞ՚ᅪᢢ⮢ᓢቢ ┋၎ἲ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ԾἏӪ ὆⒢Ҳ, ՚᤟, ԾἏኗ`ᏽኗⱊ೟ᶾ⓶῾ἲᇌ▞ ᘲԾᕲᤋⵆўࢆ৲ᆚӪ ὆ᷯᷛӪ⓶೟ⵇԾԾӪᢚὢ὆ࢢẗӮဖᷞҲ᤟ἲ ᕲᤋⵊᷞ՚Ϯ⃪ᅪὢლ૒. ሪ΅┋၎ἲ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ῲ⒢`ὦԾἏӪ ⪮ϲ὆ᷞҲᅪᢢ⮢ᓦᷞ՚ં૒ ἺӪЇ૒. خⷲ↲Ӫᵿᪧ⽚(2013)ં3-5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ┋၎὆

(34)

YY ՚᤟⒢Ҳ, ԾӪ՚᤟, ՚᤟ᐗⶓ, ԾἏኗ`, ԾἏኗⱊᏽ3-5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇ ԾԾἏӪ ὆ ԾἏ⮦ Ḯ ᷯᷛ(ԾӪ)ᒲ ԾἏኗⱊᅪ ᘲԾᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᷞ՚ ҞӪ, ┋၎Ӫ՚᤟⒢Ҳંᤊ၊᢯ὢⵆᷮἪࢆ, ԾἏኗⱊ, ԾἏኗ`, ՚᤟ᐗⶓἮ᢯૮` Ἢ၊ᾆᷞҲఆᶢὶંѱἪ၊ࢆ⢮࢚૒. ෾ⵊᷯᷛᒲԾἏኗⱊ὆ᕲᤋҞӪ, ᫎ ⒢·ẢேѢЃᷯᷛ-ⅾўẢᣋ⹊/ᐂᅦᣋ⹊, ὆ᢚ᥺⦣ᷯᷛ-՛ᶢ, ᢚ⹺ӮҲᷯᷛ-ᐂ ᅦᣋ⹊/᪚؞၊Ảᣋ⹊, ᷶ᨎҫⷆᷯᷛ-ⅾўẢᣋ⹊, ὾ᷞ⢾՚ᷯᷛ-᪚؞၊Ảᣋ⹊/ ᨆⵇӪᷞҲఆᶢὶંѱἪ၊ࢆ⢮࢚૒. ᾓታᆪṦ(2012)ં5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲ᫒⣊ᅪᴺᴲᓢ؞ Ỳⵢ ጦᤊ᢯὆ ᷞҲᕲᤋἲ ᫒᫊ⵆᷮ૒. ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ  ┋၎ ᏽ ՚᤟⒢Ҳ὆␖ὢᅪᴺᴲᓢӎ৲ᆚӪ ὆5ЊᷯᷛӪ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ԾӪ ὆ ՚᤟, ৲ᆚӪ  ᤦᕮࢢẗӪ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ ᤟◖ᨆ⃮ ࢢẗἲ Ҳ᥻᤟Ӫ Ҳᷢ᤟὆☏ቢᶾᤊᘲԾ·ᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᷞ՚ҞӪҲ᥻᤟☏ቢᶾᤊં᷶ᨎҫⷆ, ᢚ ⹺ӮҲ, ὆ᢚ᥺⦣·὾ᷞ⢾՚, ᫎ⒢Ảே·ѢЃᷯᷛᨊἪ၊ᷞҲ᤟ὢঀ૒ӎ⫾૖ⵆ ᷮἪ቞, Ҳᷢ᤟☏ቢᶾᤊ৲ᆚӪ ᨆ⃮ὢ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ᓢ૒ୂ࢜ўࢆᘲ ᪥ⵊ ҫẞϮ ૮ᕮᕲὢᶶ↮ᆺ ᢚ⹺ӮҲ ⃿ ᤦҲ ጦ⹂ᶾ ૮ⵊ Ӯ᫚, ὾ᷞ⢾՚὆ ጪ⒢Ḯጪ↶ᴺᴲᓢ؞೟ᶾᤊંᷛῲὢὪᶢࢎᨆὶંϮઓ᤟ὢὶ૒ӎ⫾૖ ⵆᷮ૒. ᐃⶓᨇ(2013)ல5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾ1-2ⵇलԾἏӪ ᷞҲ᤟ἲᕲᤋⵆ ᷮ૒. Ҳ᥻᤟ӪҲᷢ᤟☏ቢᶾᤊԾἏӪ ᷯᷛ, ࢢẗᒂ⃪, ࢢẗ὆3ᨆ⃮Ἢ၊ᕲ ᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᕲᤋҞӪ, ᫎ⒢Ảே·ѢЃ, ᢚ⹺ӮҲ, ᷶ᨎҫⷆ, ὾ᷞ⢾՚ᷯᷛ὆Ӫⵇ `⢾՚ⵆ؞Ḯ⓶೟ⵇԾ1-2ⵇलԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲંҲ᥻᤟ὢঀἮᐆቢ, ὆ᢚ ᥺⦣ᷯᷛӪ὾ᷞ⢾՚ᷯᷛ὆ᨆⵇ`⢾՚ંҲᷢ᤟ὢঀἮѱἪ၊ࢆ⢮࢚૒. ὢḮୂᕶᶢ3-5ᤦᷞဧᒲ৲ᆚӪ ὆⪧ ᷯᷛӪ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ԾӪ ࢢẗἲ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ᷞҲ᤟ἲᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ⶶࢊӪጦ⸊ဖ(2013)Ἦ৲ᆚӪ ὆὾ᷞ ⢾՚ᷯᷛ⃿ᨆⵇ`⢾՚Ḯ2009Њ ⓶೟ⵇԾᨆⵇӪԾἏӪ ὆ࢢẗ⒢Ҳᶾ ૮ⵊᷞҲ᤟ἲᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ᷞ՚ҞӪ, ԾἏኗⱊ, ࢢẗ⒢Ҳ, ᨆⵇࢢẗᷯᷛϲ ࢢ`ᷞҞ᤟ἮᷞҲϮᾆὢზᶢ›Ἢࢆ, ᨆⵇࢢẗᷯᷛ⃿ӣϲӪல⸃, ☏ , ὾Ⴚᨆ↿Ӫ ҞӪ ࢆ⢮ࢢ؞ ᷯᷛ὆ ҫẞ ࢢẗ ᨆ⃮ὢ ῲலఆўࢆ ⃪Ẃ ࢢẗ὆ Ҟᷚ, ேὪⵊЊाἲ↮♛ⵆંẗᶢ὆᢯ὢ᤟೟ᷞҲϮᾆὢზᶢ↮↮ᴸંᕮ ᕲὢὶἺἲᐋ⸂૒. ὢ↮ⷲ·ῲ⸻⃪·ᐃἮ⸊(2012)ં὆ᢚ᥺⦣☏ቢᶾᤊ3-4ᤦἎ♆ẾԾἏӪ , 5ᤦ

(35)

⚩㬒G ⭹ድG G YZ ৲ᆚӪ , ⓶೟1ⵇलԾἏӪ ἲᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ὢ⃿5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟1ⵇ ल ԾἏӪ  ࢢẗἲ ᢢ⮢ᓢቢ, ೑؞Ḯ ᆾⵆ؞ ᷯᷛἮ ὾ႺḮ ⵷Ỳ὆ Ҳ᥻᤟Ἦ ᵿ⸦ⵆࢆᷛ⵷ὢᆼὢࢆ⢮ࢆҲᷢ᤟☏ቢ, Ὣ؞Ḯ᳞؞ᷯᷛἮᷛ⵷ἮᶴᶶἪ ࢆேὪẂ᥺὆ᐆᓣᶴὢࢢẗὢᶴંҲ᥻᤟὆☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲϮᾆὢზᶢ↮ ↮ᴸӎὶᶶἪ቞, ጦᒃӪጦⵇᷯᷛᶾᤊંᷞҲ லϮᏦᘲⵆѺࢆ⢮࢚૒. ὢҫẾ·خᨊ὾·خታ↮(2014)ં 5ᤦ ৲ᆚӪ ᶾ ؞⓶ⵊ ᶢᆞὢ↿ Ⳳ၊צྖӪ 2009 Њ ⓶೟1·2ⵇल՞՛ᶢ, ᨆⵇ, ⦣ⵗԾӪ὆૒ጦ⹂ԾἏࢢẗἲᘲԾ·ᕲᤋ ⵆᷚᷞҲ᤟ லᅪ⢾ᢷⵆᷮ૒. ૒ጦ⹂὆ࢢẗ⃮ўὦጦ⹂, ૒ᵿ᤟,  ⒢᤟, ⮷ ೟, ᐆ⮦Қ, ⷿဓ὆6Ϯ↮⃮ўᅪ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ᕲᤋⵊҞӪ, 5ᤦ৲ᆚӪ ᶾ؞⓶ⵊ ᶢᆞὢ↿Ⳳ၊צྖἮⷿဓࢢẗὢϮᾓᆼᵆἪ቞, ὢᶢ ⒢᤟, ૒ᵿ᤟ࢢẗὢ Ѓ⁞ఆӎὶᶶ૒. ᐆቢ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ҫẞ ⒢᤟ӮဖࢢẗὢϮᾓᆼᵆ Ἢ቞, ⷿဓ, ૒ᵿ᤟ᨊἪ၊Ѓ⁞ఆӎὶᶶ૒. ὢં5ᤦḮ⓶೟΅ⵇल὆ᐊ૚૖ ҲᅪӎဒⵆᷚЃ⁞ⵆંᕮᕲὢ⁞׶૒ᅢࢆῲ⒢`Ἢ၊ᐆ⮦Қᶾ૮ⵊࢢẗἮ 1% ᏦᆺἪ၊ࢆ⢮࢚Ἲἲ↮`ⵆᷮ૒. 3-5ᤦᷞဧᒲ৲ᆚӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ϲᷞҲᷞ՚ં૮ᕮᕲጦᤊ᢯὆ ԾἏӪ ἲ ᕲᤋⵊ ѱὢᶶ૒. צ࿚ࢆ Ӯဖ ᷞ՚ં ᫒  ⹊ே ᥻ᶾᤊல ᷞҲϮ ᾆὢზᶢ↮ӎὶં↮ᶾ૮ⵊӎ␞ὢⴲẂⵆ቞᫒ ᨆᶳ᢯⹗ᶾᤊ὆ᷞҲ᫒ ⣊ᶾ૮ⵊᷞ՚ϮⴲẂⵖἲ ᴶⵆӎὶ૒(ⶶࢊ·ጦ⸊ဖ, 2013, خᏪ↲·خ␫ᓣ·خ ⸦, 2012; ⁞Ả⃪·خἮᷯ, 2009)

ZUG ዶⰁG ㍱㫢G ⶍ½㱍G ዙⲪኅ⶞G ⭹ቍG ⡭㙥G ↘G ⽉ⱙG ☵᷉

ᆉUG ዙⲪኅ⶞G ⃁⚥♊G ⭹ቍ

՛Ṧ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ԾἏӪ ᷞҲᅪᢢ⮢ᓢ؞ᶾᵌᤊ◖ⵇῲԾἏӪ Ảᷯ⒢  ᅪᢢ⮢ᓦҞӪ, ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏ὆⦣ⵗᷚᕮᶾഞཪ՛ϮϮ◖ⵇῲᷯἎᴲᅪ ૮᢯Ἢ၊ὪẾ⹂ఊԾἏӪ ἲ ӣⵆўࢆ⸧Ἦᷞဧᒲ၊૒ᅦԾἏӪ ἲ  ӣⵆӎὶἺἲᴺᨆὶᶶ૒. ᷯἎᴲᅪ૮᢯Ἢ၊ὪẾ⹂ఊԾἏӪ ἲϮ↲⒢  ં⓶೟ⵇԾḮ὆ ᷞҲ☏ቢᶾᤊୂ׻ `Ἢ၊ᓪᨆὶἪࢆẞᆚࢆཪᅪᘲၝ ⵆᷚ ὢ⢶ᆚᴲ, Ὢᓦ, ቃ᫊❂὆ ҫẞ ᷞဧᒲ၊ ԾἏӪ ὢ ᢯ὢⵆᷮ૒. ՛Ϯᒲ ᷯἎᴲᅪỲⵊ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ԾἏӪ Ảᷯ⒢ ᅪᢢ⮢ᓢቢ<ⱊⅡ-2-1>ӪЇ૒.

(36)

Y[ ϣ㧥G ܲTYTXϤG vljkG ዶᆉᩭⳡG ⮊ⲩ⫍ἅG ⲍ㫥G ዶᆉ➡⺉ⳡG ዙⲪኅ⶞G ⰽ⮊G ㈽ⶥ ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ԾἏ෾ંᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ Ảᷯ ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ᓢἏӪ Ảᷯ ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ԾἏӪ ὢᶴἺ ὆ጢԾἏ⒢  ᷞဧ ՛Ϯ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ⷋϮᆚ National Core of kindergarten Programme ᴲὪྊೊ Early Childhood Curriculum Framework: Aistear ὢ᪒ཪ᷆ Framework Programme for preschool ὢ⢶ᆚᴲ 3 months Guidelines for the curriculum

Ὢᓦ Course of Study for Kindergarten National curriculum of day care centers

ⵊ՛ Standardized childcare curriculum Nuri Curriculum თᤶᕮᅢ⡚ Le plan d’études

ቃ᫊❂ Childcare curriculum Early childhood education curriculum ᪒Ỗୢ Läroplan för förskolan Lpfö 98 Läroplan för grundskolan , förskoleklas senochritids hem

Ⳳཿ᪒ 2.5yr National curriculum for école maternelle ੢↶ྊೊ 5F8IBSJLJ

ᷯ՛ Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage ᷯ՛

(᪒❂⪮ྊೊ)

Pre-birth to three – staff guidelines

Curriculum for Excellence Ꮶ՛

(⁞↮ᴲ) Georgia’s Pre-K Content Standards Ꮶ՛

(ቂᢚ▂ ᤦ☎)

Guidelines for Preschool Learning Experiences

Ꮶ՛ (०᪒♾ၒ

ཪὢࢆ)

Early Learning Standards for North Carolina Preschoolers and Strategies to Guide Their

(37)

⚩㬒G ⭹ድG G Y\

(ⱊⅡ-2-1 Ҳ᥻) ᷞဧ

՛Ϯ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ꮶ՛

(Ḓ⡢ཪᆶ) Priority Academic Student Skills ऒ୊཮ೊ 2.5yr Developmentgoals/competences

०ᅢỖὢ Framework Plan For the content and tasks of Kindergartens ୢᆶ⡚ Preschool curriculum Laereplaner ⴮཮ೊ National curriculum guidelines on early childhood education and care.

$PSFDVSSJDVMVN GPS1SFQSJNBSZ

FEVDBUJPO ⸦⃪ Belonging, Being, Becoming - Early Years Learning Framework for Australia

⃪: ẞᆚࢆཪ὆ҫẞ2013लЊ ఊ৲ᆚӪ Ӫⱊ⃮ᓢἏӪ ἲᐆᷯⵖ.

὾Ⴚ: OECD(2012). Start strong Ⅲ. A quality toolbox for early childhood education and care. pp.99-100 Figure 2.3 ἲᾚ՚᤟ⵖ. ᵿḓᪧӪᫎἮᏦ(2011)ં੢↶ྊೊ, ᪒Ỗୢ, ᷯ՛, Ὢᓦ, Ⳳཿ᪒, ⵊ՛὆՛Ϯ ᨆ⃮὆ᓢἏӪ ӪἎ♆ẾԾἏӪ ἲԾἏӪ ⒢ , ԾἏኗ`ᏽኗⱊ, ԾἏ ࢢẗᏽԾᨆ-ⵇ᪣ᐗᒃ, ԾἏ⮷Ϯ⃿᫚Ἢ၊ᕲᤋⵆᷮ૒. ԾἏኗ`ᏽኗⱊ, ԾἏ ࢢẗἮⵢ૧՛Ϯ὆ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ 1) ⒢ Ḯ૮᢯ᷞဧᶾഞཪᷯἎᴲԾἏᓢἏ Ӫ ὆ԾἏኗ`ᏽኗⱊϮ૚ཪ↾ἲᴺᨆὶᶶ૒. ᷶ᅪ ೒ቢ, ੢↶ྊೊᶾᤊં ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ (Te Whariki)ὢ ᷞဧᶾ ᢯Ӯᶴὢ ὪẾ⹂ఆᶢὶἪ቞ἎᴲԾἏӪᓢἏὢ⦣ⵗఆ↮ᴸἮὪᓦἮ0-5ᤦ૮᢯Ἢ၊ં ᓢἏӪ , 3-5ᤦ૮᢯Ἢ၊ંἎ♆ẾԾἏӪ ὢϯϯ⁢ᾚⵆᷚὢᶾഞᅦᓢἏ Ӫ , ԾἏӪ ὆ኗ`ᏽኗⱊϮ᢯ὢⵖἲᴺᨆὶ૒. ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὆ኗ`ᏽኗⱊᅪᘲԾⵊҞӪં૒Ἲ <ⱊⅡ-2-2>ḮЇ૒. ੢↶ྊೊᶾᤊ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ԾἏӪ ὆՚⁞ࢆ⒢ Ϯ૚ཪԾ ἏӪ ὆ኗ`ὢࢆኗⱊᅪ ᫊ⵆંᐗ᫋ὢ᢯ὢⵆᷮἪࢆЊὦ὆ᷛྷἲⵖᵿⵆ ӎᢚ⹺ᶾ᥺᥻ఊЊὦἪ၊ᤊ὆᥺᥻ϾἲϮ↶ᨆὶல။ⵆં῾ὢἎᢚⵆᷮ૒. Ὢᓦ὆ҫẞંᓢἏӪ ӪἎ♆ẾԾἏӪ , ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὢளᆫ`ὦጦᤊ၊ ὶἪࢆኗⱊᅪᢢ⮢ᓢቢЊὦ`Ϯ♆ᓢ૒ંᏪ⃪᫊Ꮺὢࢆ᫚ᫎὢѢЃⵊᢚ⹺὆ ՚᤟ẾἲЃ⁞ⵊ૒ં῾ᶾᤊӣ⦣ఊᕮᕲὢὶ૒. 1) ᵿḓᪧ·ᫎἮᏦ(2011)ંᓢἏӪ ӪἎ♆ẾԾἏӪ ἲᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ Ἢ၊ ᫊ⵆᷮἪᎮ၊ᓦጦ ᶾᤊலὢḮேὪⵆѺᢚẗⵖ.

(38)

Y] ϣ㧥G ܲTYTYϤG ዶᆉ➡⺉G ⮊ⲩ⫍G ዙⲪኅ⶞G ↘G ㊑᩺㫢ዙዙⲪኅ⶞ⳡG ′ⶊG ↘G ′㧥 ՛ Ϯ ՚ᕲ ԾἏኗ`ᏽኗⱊ ੢ ↶ ྊ ೊ ᓢἏ‧ ԾἏӪ  Ἆᴲ὆ѢЃӪỞᙇὢᓢ⸦ఆӎ⓷↲ఆ቞, ἎᴲḮϮ ὢ᥺᥻Ͼἲ ੾ࡪல။ⵆ቞, ⵇ᪣؞⹺Ϯӣ⮷ⵆӎἎᴲЊὦὢ⁢⃿ᐉἪ቞, ϯ Њὦᏽ૒ᅦጦ⹂὆ᶦᶢࢆ᢯⇃೒ὢᾓဒఆӎᓢ⸦ᐉἪ቞, Ἆᴲ Ϯ⹆ҫᶾ૮ⵊ`ק`ὦ⢾ᢷἲ⦣ⵢᐞẞல။ⵖ. ⓶೟ԾἏ Ӫ  ՛Ϯᨆ⃮ԾἏӪ ᶾᤊ὾ᫎϾὶӎ, ᷞҞఆᶢὶἪ቞, `ק`Ἢ၊ ␦ᷚⵆં⮷ᣋⵇ᪣὾ཪંᘲῲἲϮ↮ӎὶἺ. Ὢ ᓦ ᓢἏӪ  ᓢἏὢⴲẂⵊᷯἎᴲᶾѺᓢἏἲ ӣⵆᷚѢЃⵊ᫚ᫎ὆ᐊ૚ἲ லኖⵖ. Ἆ♆Ế ԾἏӪ  ἎᴲᅪᓢἏⵆӎἎᴲ὆ѢЃⵊ᤟ᾓἲỲⵢ`૧ⵊ⹆ҫἲ⃪ᶢ צ᫚ᫎ὆ᐊ૚ἲ⁞ᾓⵖ. ⓶೟ԾἏ Ӫ  ⮷⹂ၛӎᏪ⃪`ὦᢚ⹺ᅪ՚᤟ⵆં୞ⴲẂⵊ᤟ⱶἲ↮શӎὢ ં ЊὦἪ၊ ὦ᤟ὢ ӎზ Є▂ᶢ↮ӎ ᫚ᫎὢ Ѣῲⵊ ᫊ᏪἪ၊ᤊ ᤟ᾓⵎᨆὶல။ⵖ. ⴮ ཮ ೊ ᓢἏ‧ ԾἏӪ  ԾἏӪ ἲ⦣ⵢԾẾ὆ῲጦ᤟ᫎᾓ, ᕮኖ὆ԾἏ؞Ӯᶾ␦ᷚள ဒ, ኖ೎ ἎᴲԾἏ؞Ӯ೒ὢ ὆ጢԾἏ ᫊὿ⵆ؞ ῲ ἎᴲḮ ᕮኖᅪ ↮Ếⵆ؞Ỳⵢⵖۆⷿဓⵆ؞Ỳⵊኗ`ἲ↮૆. ⓶೟ԾἏ Ӫ  ὦᅆḮ ᢚ⹺ ՚᤟ẾἪ၊὆ ᤟ᾓ, ⃪Ẃ ↮᫋Ӫ ઓဓ, ԾἏ ⮷೟Ӫ ⮷ᣋⵇ᪣὆ ⓷↲ᶾᤊ ⴮཮ೊ ؞⓶ԾἏἲ Ỳⵊ ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ ኗⱊᅪ ᤦẮ. ὾Ⴚ: ᵿḓᪧ·ᫎἮᏦ(2011). ՛Ϯᨆ⃮ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ ὆՛ ᘲԾᷞ՚. p. 313 ⱊ2; STAKES (2004). National Curriculum Guidelines on Early Childhood Education and Care in Finland.(ᷯጦᓦ); Ministry of Education in New Zealand(1996). Te Wháriki(ᷯጦᓦ); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology(2014). MEXT report in Education in Japan. ՛Ϯᒲ၊ ᷯἎᴲ ԾἏӪ Ӫ ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ὢ ளᆫ`Ἢ၊ ՚᤟ఆᶢ ὶ↮ ᆺԾἏӪ ՚᤟὆؞ᓦኗ`☏ቢᶾᤊ᢯⸦ӣἎⵆંᐂϮὶἺἲᴺᨆὶ ᶶ૒. ՛Ϯᒲ၊ ◖ⵇ ῲ·⺲ ԾἏӪ ὆ ᷞҲᅪ ୂ ὾ᤦ⽶ ᢢ⮢ᓢ؞ Ỳⵢᤊ ⴮཮ೊ, ੢↶ྊೊ, ᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢᅪᢚီ၊ᤎ⣋ⵆᷮ૒. ⴮཮ೊં◖ⵇῲⳲ၊צྖὢ Ѓ⁞ఊࢆཪὢ቞, ੢↶ྊೊંԾἏӪ ὆Ảᷯ☏ቢᶾᤊ૒ᵿ᤟ἲЃ⁞ⵆቢᤊல ՛Ϯᨆ⃮὆ ԾἏӪ ἲ Ảᷯⵆӎ ὶἪ቞ ᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢં Ἆᴲᕮ⤞ ӎ೟ԾἏغ↮὆ ԾἏἲᷞ᥻ᤎ᢯ᶾᤊ῿תⵆӎὶ૒ં῾ᶾᤊᢢ⮢ᓢᵆ૒.

(39)

⚩㬒G ⭹ድG G Y^

XPG 㫉ᴉᩥ

⴮཮ೊં ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏ ᕲᵪᶾᤊ ϯ ↮ᷛᶾ ே೟ⵊ ⁞Ѣἲ  ӣⵆં ѱἲ Ϯᾓ⡞ኗⱊ၊ᢪӎὶ૒. ഞཪᤊ0-5ᤦᶾⵢ૧ⵆંἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏἲỲⵊ՛ Ϯᨆ⃮↮♖(National curriculum guidelines on early childhood education and care)Ӫ 6ᤦᅪ Ỳⵊ ◖ⵇ ῲ ԾἏἲ Ỳⵊ ⵣ᫚ԾἏӪ (Core curriculum for Pre-primary education)ἲЊᐊⵆᷮ૒. ෾ⵊ⴮཮ೊ὆ἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏ ␳Ἦᶾಮ ⛮ᶢ(Education & Care)ཪӎᕶᆢᆺ⡪ᓢἏ෾ં஺ᓲ὆⸃⣊ᶾᤊ᫊὿ⵆᷮ૒. ⴮཮ೊ὆ᕮኖ೒ἮϮ՚὆᥺ೋᶾഞཪᤊ0~264€ᅪᵿἏᏽ஺ᓲᘲẗἪ၊↮ ᕶⵆ቞, ؞ӮἪ၊ᕮ⤞ᓢἏ(79%)Ӫ؞ᓦ᥺ᵿԾἏ(21%)Ἢ၊՚᤟ఊԾἏӪ ἲ ᴶࢢᐉѺఊ૒. ⵆ↮ᆺᴲேὢᆺ6ᤦϮఆંⵢᕮ⤞὆ጢԾἏᶾ೒ᶢϮ؞↯ῲ 1ल ேᴶ ጢႺ၊ ⓶೟ⵇԾ ᷞҲⳲ၊צྖἲ  ӣᐉѺ ఊ૒. ᵌᤊ ᤒታⵊ 6ᤦᅪ Ỳⵊ◖ⵇῲԾἏἲỲⵊⵣ᫚ԾἏӪ ὢὢ࿚ⵊᷞҲ↮ẾԾἏӪ ὢ૒. ૮ྣ 98%὆ў὆ኖ೎ᴲே೒ὢᷞҲ↮ẾⳲ၊צྖᶾ␦ᷚⵆѺఆ቞, ▂Ϯ`Ἢ၊ት ት ↮ᐗᶾᤊં ↮ᷛ૖⒢ ෾ં ᘲ ᕮ؞Ӯἲ ⦣ⵢ Њᐗ`ὦ ᓢἏ(Open day care) ෾ં Ӯᆚ ⵆ὆ ८ὢ ⹊ே(Supervised playground activities)ὢཪં⹊ே ἲ ӣᐉѺఊ૒(Eurypedia in Finland, 2013). ⷲᾚ⴮཮ೊં◖ⵇῲᴲே೒ ὆Ӯᆚ․Ͼளὢᢚ⹺ᓢѢᓣ↮ᕮ(Ministry of Social Affairs and Health)ᶾᤊԾ Ἇጦ⹂ᕮ(Ministry of Education and Culture)၊὆ὢӮὢ↲⵷ఆӎὶἪ቞, ὢ ᶾഞཪᤊᢶ၊ẢἎᴲԾἏ·ᓢἏᒃᅎᴶὢ⦣Ӫఎ᷶ ὦ୞, ὢᒃᴶᶾં◖ⵇ ῲ ԾἏ὆ ὆ጢԾἏ⹂ᅪ έᒃ⹂ⵆં ࢢẗὢ ೒ᶢϮ ὶં ѱἪ၊ ⹃ὦఆᶶ૒ (Eurypedia in Finland, 2013). ẞᆚࢆཪᅪ ⯚ⵖⵊ ૮ᕮᕲ὆ ࢆཪᶾᤊ ᴲὢ೒Ἦ ᆺ 6ᤦϮ ఆቢ ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾ έⵇⵆ↮ᆺ ⴮཮ೊ὆ ᷯἎᴲં 6ᤦϮ ఆᶢல ⓶೟ⵇԾᶾ έⵇⵆ↮ ᴸӎ, ८ὢ ⃿᫚὆ԾἏἲᐉӎὶ૒. ὢӪ ᶾᤊ↿⃿ဓὢඖᶢ↮ંᴲὢ὆Ἆጢᅪᢢ⴪ ӎ, ⸧᫊ὶંҫẞᶾંἎᴲ὆↿⃿ဓἲঀὪᨆὶல။௃ંѱὢ⓶೟ⵇԾḮ ὆ᷞҲԾἏἪ၊᭖Ϯ↮ં⪧⇃ὢ૒(ⵊ՛ᕮኖԾἏᤪ⤞, 2011). ◖ⵇῲ·⺲ᷞҲᶾ ᤊϮᾓ⪧⇃`ὦ῾Ἦ◖ⵇῲⳲ၊צྖ὆Ѓ⹂ᏽጢ᢯ԾἏἪ၊ᓪᨆὶ૒.

YPG ៽⽑ᴥᩥ

ᓦᾓᶾᤊં੢↶ྊೊ὆՛Ϯᨆ⃮ἎᴲԾἏӪ ᶾ૮ⵊ՚⒢`ὦᷞҲ லḮ

(40)

Y_ ࢢẗἲ ᴺᴲᓢӎ὾ ⵊ૒. ੢↶ྊೊ὆ ἎᴲԾἏӪ ἲ ᷞဧᶾ ഞཪ  ᫊ⵊ <ⱊ Ⅱ-2-3>Ἦᴲ྆ḮЇ૒. ᷞဧ 0ᤦ 1ᤦ 2ᤦ 3ᤦ 4ᤦ 5ᤦ 6ᤦ 7ᤦ ੢↶ ྊೊ ⵇ  0ᤦᐆ 1ᤦᐆ 2ᤦᐆ 3ᤦᐆ 4ᤦᐆ 5ᤦᐆ 1ⵇल 2ⵇल ԾἏ ૖Ҳ ἎᴲԾἏ૖Ҳ ⓶೟ԾἏ૖Ҳ ԾἏ Ӫ  ἎᴲԾἏӪ  (Te Wháriki) ՛Ϯ὆ጢԾἏӪ  (Compulsory National Curriculum for Years 1 to 10) ϣ㧥G ܲTYTZϤG ៽⽑ᴥᩥⳡG ⭹᷂≍G 㫢ⶥSG ዙⲪᡱቍG ↘G ዙⲪኅ⶞ ὾Ⴚ: OECD(2012), ᫎἮᨆ·ᐃἮ⸊(2012), ᐃἮ⸊·ᾓᏪᷯ(2014)὾Ⴚᅪᐂ⣃Ἢ၊ⱊᅪᾚ՚᤟ⵖ. ੢↶ྊೊ὆ᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ (Te Wháriki)Ἦ┋⒢`ᐊ૚, ᷛྷⵖᵿ, Ϯ Ӫ↮ ᷛᢚ⹺, ӮҲ᤟ὢཪંẾᆚᅪᐂ⣃Ἢ၊Ἆᴲ὆Ởᙇ, ᥺᥻Ͼ, ؞ᷚ, ὆ᢚ᥺⦣, ⢾ ՚ཪંẂ᥺ϮԾἏӪ ἲ՚᤟ⵆં⃪ẂⵊẂὦὢ૒. ⵇ ὾⒢ᶾᤊં◖ⵇῲ· ⺲ԾἏӪ ὆ᷞҲࢢẗἲ὾ᤦⵆѺᢢ⮢ᓪᨆᶴ↮ᆺ, ԾἏӪ ጦᤊᅪᢢ⮢ ᓢቢϯẂ᥺ᒲᷯἎᴲԾἏӪ Ӫ⓶೟ⵇԾԾἏӪ ϲ὆ᷞҲ᤟ᶾ૮ⵢᤊᢢ ⮢ᓢӎὶ૒. ᷶ᅪ೒ቢ, Ἆᴲ὆Ởᙇ☏ቢᶾᤊᷞҲંἎᴲϮளᆫ`Ἢ၊↮ࢪ ᨆὶல။ⅷϯ`Ἢ၊ ⴲẂⵊᷚ࿚ ᐆ⁞Ѣ(⼢᫋, Ἲ᫋, Ӯ᫚೟)ᶾ૮ⵊ὆ᢚ ᥺⦣ἲⵆ቞Ἆᴲ὆ ᤊ`ᐆἿἲ⁞ῶⵎᨆὶல။லẞ቞Ἆᴲ᪒᪒၊ᴶῲ ⵆѺⵎᨆὶંᐗᒃἲᴺѺⵆቢᤊ↶ጦὢࢆᷪဒᢚⵛἲⱊⷲⵎᨆὶல။ லḮ⃪ӎ὾ⵊ૒(Ministry of Education in New Zealand, 1996).

ZPG ⡺ᆉ㥵ỽ

᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢં ὪᓦӪ ᆶ␚Ϯ↮၊ ἎᴲԾἏӪ ᓢἏὢ ὢẾ⹂ఊ ⒢ ᅪ ↮શӎ ὶ૒. ෾ⵊⵇԾ׷ϲԾἏ὆ᷞҲᅪЃ⁞ⵊ՛Ϯ၊Ἆታⵆ૒. ᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢԾἏኗ ⱊ(Desired Outcomes of Education)ં Ἆ-⓶-⃿-⺲؞⃿೟Ἢ၊ ὢᶢ↮ቢᤊ ԾἏ ὆Ҳ᥻᤟☏ቢᶾᤊⵆࢆ὆ኗⱊ၊ⱊⷲఊ૒. ᫟Ϯ⯚ᅢᶾᤊંԾἏ὆Ӫ ἲἎ ♆Ếᶾᤊ૮ⵇغ↮၊ᓢӎԾἏӪ ࢢᤦᕮࢢẗᶾᤊலҲ᥻᤟὆☏ቢᶾᤊЇ ἮேὪⵊԾӪᷯᷛἲ, Ҳᷢ᤟☏ቢᶾᤊᤦᕮࢢẗὢ᫚⹂, ᕲ⹂, ᐊῲఆல။ӎ

참조

관련 문서

The purpose of this study to investigate the background of revision, educational objectives, organization, contents of the high school earth science curriculum

Situated learning in science education: socio‐scientific issues as contexts for practice?. What Major “Socio-Scientific Topics” Should the Science Curriculum

This research consists of the actual investigation about present condition of high school music curriculum after introduction of revised education courses..

Why the Singapore construction industry has been dependent on cheap foreign labor instead of using high tech such as

This paper aims to compare and analyze the appreciation area in highschool music textbooks and to study on the teaching method.. The Seventh Curriculum and

As the seventh elective-centered curriculum focuses on outlining the broad base of the national curriculum, it is possible for general high schools to

To understand the current status of education, this study compared the 2015 Curriculum to the 2009 Curriculum whose teaching methods and evaluation standards

Second, the seventh educational course applied to the practical curriculum in 2001, and it applied to the first- grade students of high school , so as