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focuses on gaining a basic understanding of the TENG by exploring the three aspects, i.e., sustainable devices, an enhanced output device for chemical sensing, and biodegradable

devices. The sustainable device is based on in-house, generated waste materials. The device can be fabricated anywhere without any scientific instrument in less than 5 min. The enhanced output device was fabricated by the doping of the semiconductor material and employing the phase inversion technique. The device was demonstrated for benzene sensing. The biocompatible and biodegradable device is designed by using all edible materials. The cytotoxicity studies of the devices put light on the compatibility of the used materials.

Chapter IV explores four members (ZIF-7, ZIF-9, ZIF-11, and ZIF-12) of the ZIF family as a potential candidate for the TENG. The materials were studied for their surface roughness and surface potential behavior. The materials are used to fabricate contact-separation devices, followed by detailed electrical characterization. The various low rating electronics were powered by the ZIF-7 TENG device.

Chapter V is based on the study of mixed linker framework ZIF-62 for its contact electrification behavior. The ZIF-62 was characterized by its surface potential and surface roughness parameters.

The device was demonstrated for fitness tracking while performing different gym exercises.

Chapter VI focuses on the study of different cycles grown ZIF-8 on the conducting ITO coated PET substrate. The ZIF-8 overcomes the issue of coating and flexibility faced by the materials studied in Chapter IV and V. The different cycles grown ZIF-8 were studied for electrical

23 performance. A portable and straightforward UV currency counterfeit system were demonstrated by charging a Li-ion battery. Finally, a highly selective, specific, and reusable self-powered tetracycline sensor was demonstrated.

Chapter VII explores the MBIOF for TENG. The MBIOF is demonstrated for scale-up coating with excellent adhesion on various substrates. The MBIOF studied for cytotoxicity on two different cell lines by considering MgO nanosheets as reference material. The MBIOF is arranged in the triboelectric series by fabricating the device in C-S mode with different opposite materials.

The electrical performance was studied for FT and C-S mode TENG devices. Finally, the C-S mode device was demonstrated for a self-powered hydrogen peroxide sensor.

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CHAPTER – II