There is huge potential in the UK for CCS to utilise shared infrastructure to create CCS networks across Europe. Recent estimates suggest that the UK has the potential to store 78 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide offshore, well in excess of required storage of 3 gigatonnes for the UK industry by 2050.
According to the Energy Technology Institute (ETI), the most cost effective way to implement CCS is through shared transport and storage networks, taking carbon from power plants and other carbon rich industries across the UK and Europe to suitable storage locations in the North Sea and East Irish Sea.
The Government is supporting two Front End Engineering Design studies for CCS projects in the UK:
• White Rose proposal to build a large pipeline to transport approximately 17 million tonnes of CO2 per year. This project will provide the infrastructure for the first CCS Network in the UK, The Humber Hub.
• Peterhead will be storing carbon dioxide in an expended gas reservoir with an estimated storage potential of 30 million tonnes. The wider formation is estimated to have a storage capability of 358 million tonnes.
44 | Delivering UK Energy Investment: Networks
Appendix: HNDU successful Local Authorities
Allerdale Borough Council Hampshire County Council Poole Borough Council Barnsley Borough Council Hull (City of Kingston upon Hull) Portsmouth City Council Bath & North East Somerset Council Kent County Council Reading Borough Council Birmingham City Council Kirklees Metropolitan Borough Council Redcar and Cleveland Blackburn with Darwen Borough
Council Knowsley Metropolitan Borough
Council Royal Borough of Greenwich
Blaenau Gwent County Borough
Council Lancashire County Council Royal Borough of Kingston upon
Thames
Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council Leeds City Council Rugby Borough Council Bradford Metropolitan Council Leicestershire County Council Runnymede Borough Council Bridgend County Borough Council Lewes District Council Salford City Council
Brighton and Hove City Council Liverpool City Council Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council Bury Metropolitan Borough Council London Borough of Barking and
Dagenham Sefton Metropolitan Borough Council
Cardiff City Council London Borough of Camden Sheffield City Council
Carlisle City Council London Borough of Ealing South Gloucestershire District Council Cherwell District Council London Borough of Enfield Southampton City Council
Cheshire East Borough Council London Borough of Hackney St Helens Borough Council Cheshire West and Chester Council London Borough of Haringey Staffordshire County Council City & County of Swansea London Borough of Islington Stockport Metropolitan Borough
Council
City of Westminster London Borough of Lambeth Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council
City of York London Borough of Lewisham Stoke-on-Trent City Council
Colchester Borough Council London Borough of Merton Sunderland City Council Copeland Borough Council London Borough of Sutton Swindon Borough Council Cornwall County Council Manchester City Council Tameside Metropolitan Borough
Council
Crawley Borough Council Mid Devon District Council Wakefield City Metropolitan District Council
Devon County Council Milton Keynes Council Warrington Borough Council Doncaster Metropolitan Borough
Council Neath Port Talbot Council Warwick District Council
Durham County Council Newcastle City Council Wiltshire Council East Riding of Yorkshire Council North Warwickshire Borough Council Woking Borough Council Eastbourne Council Nottingham City Council Wychavon District Council Eastleigh Borough Council Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council Wycombe District Council Gateshead Metropolitan Borough
Council Oxford City Council
Halton Borough Council Plymouth City Council
Delivering UK Energy Investment: Networks | 45
References
1 DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_
data/file/331071/DECC_Energy_Investment_Report.pdf, 2012 prices.
2 The electricity network investment estimate has been updated from DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, following Ofgem’s Final Determinations for electricity distribution, otherwise figures are consistent with DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, 2012 prices.
3 https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/56816/ws3-phase-3-84170-complete-issue-1.1.pdf The figures quoted are in net present value terms discounted using a rate of 3.5% pa, 2012 prices.
4 DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_
data/file/331071/DECC_Energy_Investment_Report.pdf, 2012 prices
5 The electricity network investment estimate has been updated from DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, following Ofgem’s Final Determinations for electricity distribution, otherwise figures are consistent with DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, 2012 prices
6 DECC analysis of projects supported by HNDU
7 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014
8 http://www.ey.com/UK/en/Industries/Cleantech/Renewable-Energy-Country-Attractiveness-Index
9 DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_
data/file/331071/DECC_Energy_Investment_Report.pdf, 2012 prices.
10 Based on estimates of RAV additions from Ofgem.
11 Revenue=Incentives+Innovation+Outputs. The RIIO-T1 price control commenced for Transmission in 2013 and RIIO-ED1 will commence for distribution in 2015.
12 National Grid submission (September 2014) to House of Lords Science & Technology Committee inquiry into “The Resilience of Electricity Infrastructure”
13 Ofgem data on Customer Minutes Lost and prior to any weightings. Average Customer minutes lost in GB 68 in 2010/11 compared to 54 in 2013/14 (2013/14 figures not fully finalised).
14 ENA facts and figures publication 2013
15 Ofgem RIIO announcements and Final Proposals, https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/76242/20121217-press-release-riio.pdf and https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/76230/riio-controls-come-effect.pdf
16 Offshore transmission and interconnection are not covered by the price control process.
17 ENSG Major Projects December Update
18 Ofgem’s Final Determinations for distribution networks 19 Ofgem decision document
20 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/287012/DECC_-_Festive_disruption_review_-_
Final__2_.pdf
21 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100807034701/http:/archive.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/pittreview/thepittreview/final_report.html 22 There were 29 expressions of interest for the first 9 offshore transmission tenders for £1.7bn of assets. https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/
publications-and-updates/ofgem-grants-%C2%A3308-million-transmission-assets-licence-lincs-wind-farm
23 The electricity network investment estimate has been updated from DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, following Ofgem’s Final Determinations for electricity distribution, otherwise figures are consistent with DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, 2012 prices
46 | Delivering UK Energy Investment: Networks
24 The electricity network investment estimate has been updated from DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, for Ofgem’s Final Determinations for electricity distribution, otherwise figures are consistent with DECC’s Delivering UK Energy Investment Report, July 2014, 2012 prices.
25 The Visual Impact Provision applies to National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in England and Wales, and National Scenic Areas in Scotland. To participate in the scheme Transmission Owners are required to develop and submit a policy to Ofgem for approval.
26 https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/90475/itprdraftconclusionssept2014.pdf Government is working with Ofgem on what legislative changes may be needed to implement this.
27 https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/90592/octoberupdatecompetitioninconnectionsreview.pdf 28 CEPA/BDO evaluation of Offshore Transmission Tender Round 1 benefits Constant prices (£ 2009/10).
29 http://ses.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/ses.jrc.ec.europa.eu/files/u24/2014/report/ld-na-26609-en-n_smart_grid_projects_outlook_2014_-_
online.pdf
30 RIIO-ED1 Price Control Final Determination. Ofgem assumed £950 million savings associated with the rollout of smart grids between 2015 and 2023. https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/91564/riio-ed1finaldeterminationoverview.pdf
31 https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/ofgem-publications/56816/ws3-phase-3-84170-complete-issue-1.1.pdf The figures quoted are in net present value terms discounted using a rate of 3.5% pa, 2012 prices.
32 ’Smart Grid: A Race Worth Winning? A Report on the Economic Benefits of Smart Grids’; E&Y; April 2012 33 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/interconnectors-to-participate-in-the-capacity-market-from-2015 34 Based on latest available estimates of mature projects.
35 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/more-interconnection-improving-energy-security-and-lowering-bills 36 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-energy-projects-awarded-75-million-of-european-funding
37 National Electricity Transmission System Performance Report 2013/14
38 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014 39 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014
40 The capacity is subject to the projects going ahead and, even if they do happen, the capacities may change.
41 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014 42 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014 43 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/delivering-uk-energy-investment-2014 44 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/doc/20140528_energy_security_communication.pdf
45 https://www.uschamber.com/sites/default/files/documents/files/InternationalIndex-Final2013.pdf 46 http://www2.nationalgrid.com/uk/industry-information/future-of-energy/future-energy-scenarios/
47 http://www2.nationalgrid.com/UK/Industry-information/Future-of-Energy/Gas-Ten-Year-Statement/
48 https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/renewable-heat-incentive-renewable-heat-premium-payment-statistics 49 DECC: The Future of Heating: Meeting the Challenge, March 2013
50 Databuild, 2012, Catalogue of District Heating Schemes, with DECC additions
51 BSRIA, UK District Energy 2013 Summary of Key Findings By Henry Lawson, September 2013 52 Energy Technologies Institute, March 2013, Macro Distributed Energy Project Report
53 BRE, University of Edinburgh and the Centre for Sustainable Energy, March 2013, Research into barriers to deployment of district heating networks
54 ’Smart Grid: A Race Worth Winning? A Report on the Economic Benefits of Smart Grids’; E&Y; April 2012