30 Years of History
1978~2008
K R I H S
224 Simin-ro, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do T031 380 0114 F031 380 0470 www.krihs.re.kr
30 Years of History
1978~2008
K R I H S
The Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) has been established for 30 years. KRIHS has grown into the best research institute with the efforts of previous presidents and staff members. Therefore, 「KRIHS 30 years of History」has published a look back at the previous history of KRIHS and prepared for research institute reform and improvement. The research institute is striving to move towards the next milestone.
KRIHS has kept abreast with national development. KRIHS, established in an era of national crisis caused by the second oil shock, has lead to the development of systematic national policies through the establishment of the Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan and supported various policies for contributing to the balanced development of the territory. KRIHS has put for its best efforts to contribute to the balanced development of the territory and enhance the quality of life for citizens. In the age of globalization, KRIHS also contributed to encourage international joint research, expand international cooperation, and support the development of developing countries.
Seeing a territory as an organic system, territory and human activities are closely interrelated. The mega trend of the era can decide the national software and the national projects. Thus, the systematic development of the territory takes Message from the President
a leading role in realizing quality of life for people. The future territory can be lead by a balanced territory, environmental and cultural development, and free competition.
KRIHS will move to the next step, achieving the goal for being the best of the best government-sponsored research institute by leading national policy development. KRIHS will open a new horizon for the government-sponsored research institute with the creative brain group being demanded by a fast-changing world, constructing a practical policy development system satisfying user needs, think tanks leading the global era, and collaborative research development involving experts within and outside of the research institution. KRIHS will continue to pursue winning public confidence and conducting practical national territory policy development.
I deeply appreciate all of partners in KRIHS. KRIHS will put forth creative effort to become the excellent national research institute. Lastly, My thanks go to the compilation committee compiling 30 years history of KRIHS.
October 2008
Park Yangho
PresidentKRIHS Motto
Creative Research Cooperative Endeavor Epochal Development
VISION
A Global Think Tank on Territorial Policy
to Create a New Territorial Value of the Future
Contents
Message from the President
KRIHS Motto & Vision
Chapter 1 KRIHS 30 Years of History 6
■KRIHS History Timeline : 1978~2008
■Foundation & Purpose
■Organization
Chapter 2 Research Accomplishments over Past Three Decades 24
1. National Territorial & Regional Research 2. Environment & Culture Research 3. Urban Research
4. Land Research 5. Housing Research 6. Transportation Research
7. Infrastructure & Construction Economics Research 8. Geospatial Information Research
9. Northeast Asia Research
Chapter 3 International Cooperative Activities 68
1. Academic Exchange 2. International Joint Research
3. Training Programs for Foreign Officials
Chapter 4 Other Activities 86
1. Main Events and Staff Training 2. Publications
3. Library Services
4. Homepage and Electronic Resources
006 / 007
1 KRIHS
30 Years
of History
Chapter 1 KRIHS 30 Years of History
KRIHS History Timeline : 1978~2008 _8
Foundation & Purpose _22
Organization _22
4. 17 KRIHS Establishment Plan approved by President of the Republic of Korea
9. 13 Inauguration of First President, Roh Yoonghee 10. 4 KRIHS Incepted (Keukdong Building, Chungmu-
ro, Seoul)
12. 5 Enactment of KRIHS Promotion Act (No. 3140) Monthly Newsletter Founded
1978_
1979_
1980_
1. 24 Enforcement Decree of Law on Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (Presidential Decree No. 9294) Announced
8. 8 International Seminar on Basic Strategies and Policy for Capital Regional Planning
1. 11 Reporting on Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan (draft) to Minister of
Construction
5. 28 Invited Lecture by Prof. Edwin Mills of Princeton University, U.S.A. Offered
◀ 1978 KRIHS Establishment Plan Approved by President of the Republic of Korea
◀ 1978 The C.I Used from KRIHS Inception to Sep. 2008
◀ 1979 Visit of Minister of Construction
◀ 1979 The Early Years of KRIHS Staff Meeting
◀ 1978 Direction Board for the First Open Invitation of Applications for Researchers
◀ 1979 International Seminar on Basic Strategies and Policy for Capital Regional Planning
KRIHS History Timeline : 1978~2008
1981_
1982_
2. 22 KRIHS Building Relocation to Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul
7. 6 Public Hearing on Provincial Development Plan 9. 16 Korea-Germany Transport Symposium for
Seoul Olympic Games
12. 7 KRIHS Academic Journal, The Korea Spatial Planning Review Founded
6. 1 Regional Development Institute (attached to Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) Merged into KRIHS
8. 18 Training Program on Land and Housing for Policies Saudi Arabian Students
9. 23 Public Hearing on 2nd Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan
12. 5 Inauguration of Second President, Kim Uiwon
Training Program on Land and Housing for Policies Saudi Arabian Students
1981 ▶
Public Hearing on 2nd Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan
1981 ▶
Relocation to Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul
1982 ▶
Korea-Germany Transport Symposium for Seoul Olympic Games
1982 ▶
KRIHS Academic Journal, The Korea Spatial Planning
1982 ▶ Miniature Capital Region 1979 ▶
5. 13 Public Hearing on Basic Plan (draft) for Capital Region Promotion
7. 1 KRIHS Monthly, The Planning and Policy Founded
7. 11 International Seminar on Regional Development for Jeju Island
8. 12 Reporting on Comprehensive Jeju Island Development Plan to Minister of Construction and Minister of Transportation
1983_
1984_
6. 27 Symposium on Urban Development in Localized World
8. 30 Discussion Session on Transportation Problems of Seoul
11. 13 Research Agreement with University of Illinois, U.S.A.
12. 5 Inauguration of Third President, Hwang Myungchan
1985_
8. 18 International Seminar on Korea-U.S. Urban Areas, Transportation Planning and Environmental Management
10. 29 KRIHS Building Relocation to Yeouido-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul
◀ 1982 List of Successful Cadidates for the 4th Open Invitation of Applications for Researchers
◀ 1983 Public Hearing on Basic Plan (draft) for Capital Region Promotion
◀ 1983 KRIHS Monthly, The Planning and Policy Founded
◀ 1983 5th Anniversary Celebration Ceremony
◀ 1985 Relocation to Yeoui-do, Seoul
1986_
1987_
10. 28 International Seminar on Urban Management
1988_
2.2 KRIHS Labor Union Launched
3.24 International Conference on Urbanization Process of Southeast Asia from Comparative Perspective
4.13 Policy Seminar on Public Ownership of Land and Anti-Speculation Measures
8.9 Inauguration of fourth President, Huh Jaeyoung 9.9 Commission for Study on Public Ownership of
Land Hosted
10.6 KRIHS 10th Anniversary Celebration Ceremony 1. 28 Seminar on Housing Finance of Korea
8. 18 Workshop on Master Plan for Transportation Development and Initiatives for Territorial Development
8. 25 International Forum on National Territorial Development Strategies
10. 20 International Seminar on Integrated Urban and Rural Development Policy
Seminar on Housing Finance of Korea
1986 ▶
Public Policy Forum on the Housing Policy for Homeless Masses
1987 ▶
International Seminar on Urban Management
1987 ▶
KRIHS Labor Union Launched 1988 ▶
KRIHS 10th Anniversary Celebration Ceremony
1988 ▶
1. 31 Public Policy Forum on Promotion of Construction for 2 Million Housing Units 4. 20 Public Forum on Expanded Introduction to
Public Concept of Land Ownership 5. 29 Public Policy Forum on Capital Region
Planning and Balanced Regional Development 7. 21 Public Hearing on New Town Development Plan 10. 10 International Construction Workshop for
Southeastern Asian Officials
10. 24 International Workshop on Growth and Management of Metropolitan Regions 12. 12 Public Hearing on Ilsan New Town
Development Plan
1989_
1990_
3. 13 Public Hearing on Enactment of Basic Law on Land
9. 5 Hosted 12th General Assembly of East Asia Planning and Housing Agency
9. 14 Seminar on National Development and Policy on Transportation Investment
11. 20 First Korea-Japan Construction Economy Workshop
◀ 1989 Public Policy Forum on Promotion of Construction for 2 Million Housing Units
◀ 1989 Public Policy Forum on the Residence Stability Policy for Homeless Masses
◀ 1989 Public Forum on Expanded Introduction to Public Concept of Land Ownership
◀ 1989 Public Policy Forum on Capital Region Planning and Balanced Regional Development
◀ 1990 Hosted 12th General Assembly of East Asia Planning and Housing Agency
1991_
1992_
1. 30 Groundbreaking of New KRIHS Pyeongchon Building
3. 23 Established sistership agreement with DATAR, France
4. 2 International Workshop on New Modes of Transport in Metropolitan Regions
5. 6 Discussion Session on Accomplishments of Construction Plan of 2 Million Housing Units and Future Policy Directions
5. 9 Awarded President’s Commendation for 3rd National Territorial Development Plan
2. 18 International Conference on Development of Coastal Areas of West Sea
3. 12 Public Policy Forum on Establishment of 3rd Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan
3. 21 Hosted UN Conference on Mega-Urban System of Asia-Pacific Regions toward the 21st Century 5. 6 Relocation to Yeoui-do, Seoul
5. 27 Discussion Session on Housing Policy for Housing Stability
Public Hearings on Residence Stability
1990 ▶
First Korea-Japan Construction Economy Workshop
1990 ▶
Public Policy Forum on Establishment of 3rd Comprehensive National Territorial Development Plan
1991 ▶
Relocation to Yeoui-do, Seoul 1991 ▶
Awarded President’s Commendation for 3rd National
1992 ▶ Groundbreaking of New KRIHS
Pyeongchon Building 1992 ▶
▶
1994_
1. 7 Discussion Session on Promotion of GIS Establishment and Application
1. 26 Discussion Session on Response Measures to Opening of Construction Market
4.27 Completed New KRIHS Pyeongchon Building Construction and Relocation
9.14 Korea-Japan Urban Policy Workshop
10.6 Training Program for Professionals of Territorial Development and Construction
10.26 Jointly Hosted, with British Council to Korea, International Seminar on Urban and Regional Development Strategies in the Era of Globalization
3. 29 Inauguration of fifth President, Lee Sangyong 4. 14 Public Policy Forum on Long-term Road
Development Direction toward 2000s 6. 10 Public Hearing on Improvement of Land
Acquisition by Foreigners
8. 25 International Conference on Development of Northeastern Regions of China
9. 7 Inauguration of sixth President, Lee Kunyoung
1993_
◀ 1993 Public Policy Forum on Long- term Road Development Direction toward 2000s
◀ 1994 Discussion Session on Response Measures to Opening of Construction Market
◀
◀ 1994 Completed New KRIHS Pyeongchon Building Construction and Relocation
◀ 1994 Public Policy Forum on the Effectiveness of the Balanced Regional Development Act
◀ 1995 Korea-France Seminar on Public-Private Cooperation Plan for Urban Development Projects
1995_
1996_
4. 18 International Seminar on National GIS Establishment and Application 1996 5. 28 Seminar on Response Measures to Market
Opening of Real Estate and Service Industry 6.13 International Conference on Industrial
Cooperation and Regional Development Strategies for Northeast Asia
8. 6 Public Hearing on Basic Law for Construction Industry
9.17 Korea-Germany Seminar on National Territorial Development Strategies for Unification 10. 11 Published Human Settlements 50 Years
History
10. 16 Second Asia Construct International Forum 6. 13 International Workshop on the Establishment of
Distribution Complex Development Strategies 11. 9 International Workshop on GIS and Eco-friendly
Development Planning
11. 30 International Conference on Establishment of 21st Century Land System
12. 12 Korea-France Seminar on Public-Private Cooperation Plan for Urban Development Projects
Seminar on Transportation Policy for the Era of Personal Car Ownerships
1995 ▶
International Seminar on National GIS Establishment and Application 1996
1996 ▶
Korea-Germany Seminar on National Territorial Development Strategies for Unification
1996 ▶
Human Settlements 50 Years History Publication Ceremony &
Homecoming Day
1996 ▶
Public Hearings on the Price Cap Regulation in Building Land
1996 ▶
1. 4 National Territorial Information Center Founded 3. 26 Inauguration of seventh President, Ryu Sangyoul 7. 29 Inauguration of eighth President, Hong Chul 10. 29 Korea-China International Workshop on
Investment of West Sea Local Economic Block and Spatial Division of Labor
11. 6 Korea-Germany Seminar on Urban Strategies after Unification
12. 10 Geospatial Information Center Officially Commended by Minister of Information and Communications
1997_
1998_
1. 15 Forum on National Territorial Planning and Strategies under IMF Bailout
2. 19 Discussion Session on Land Acquisition by Foreigners and Management Systems
3. 25 Seminar on Private Investment Attraction System and Promotion of Foreign Investment in SOC Sector 4. 20 Seminar on Formulation of Investment Free Zone
for Foreign Investment Promotion
9. 9 Symposium on Long-Term National Territorial Vision of 21st Century
◀ 1997 National Territorial Information Center Founded
◀ 1997 Public Hearings on the Improvement of Land Supply through the Deregulation Policy
◀ 1997 Korea-China International Workshop on Investment of West Sea Local Economic Block and Spatial Division of Labor
◀ 1997 Korea-Germany Seminar on Urban Strategies after Unification
◀ 1998 Forum on National Territorial Planning and Strategies under IMF Bailout
◀ 1998 Public Hearings on Liberalization of New Apartment Sales Price in the Capital Region
1999_
2000_
1. 21 Public Policy Forum on Geoeconomic Strategy for Management of Korean Peninsula in the 21st Century
5. 16 Public Policy Forum on Improvement of National Land Use and Planning System
9. 7 Seminar on Improvement of Urban Squatter Policy toward the 21st Century
9. 20 Inaugural Ceremony of New Territorial Research Council and Public Discussion Session
9. 28 International Seminar of National Geographic Information System Policy and its Development Direction toward the Knowledge-based Society 1. 29 Fell under Supervision of Korea Council of Economic
and Social Research Institutes of Prime Minister in Accordance with the “Act on the Establishment, Management and Promotion of Government- Sponsored Research Institutes”
4. 1 Private Infrastructure Investment Center of Korea Established
12. 6 Inauguration of ninth President, Lee Jungsik
Discussion Session on Land Acquisition by Foreigners and Management Systems
1998 ▶
Symposium on Long-Term National Territorial Vision of 21st Century
1998 ▶
KRIHS Plate-hanging Ceremony
1999 ▶
Seminar on Improvement of Urban Squatter Policy toward the 21st Century
2000 ▶
Inaugural Ceremony of New Territorial Research Council and Public Discussion Session
2000 ▶
International Seminar of National Geographic Information System Policy and its Development Direction toward the Knowledge-based
2000 ▶
3. 26 Seminar on Plan tor Efficient Management Plan of Baekdudaegan
6. 26 Forum on Land Policy Directions for an Informatization Era of the 21st Century
9. 20 Inauguration of New Territory Research Committee and Open Forum
10. 10 Public Policy Forum on Urban Growth Management and New Urban Development of Capital Region 10. 11 International Conference on Culture and Economy of
Cities
10. 12 Forum on Systematic Safety and Management for Infrastructure and Public Facilities
12. 22 Public Hearings on Metropolitan Road Network Plan of Capital Region
2001_
2002_
5. 10 Selected as 2001 Best Research Institute by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences
6. 4 Public Hearing on Land Suitability Assessment for Effective Territorial Management
9. 13 Seminar on Development of the Technologies and Techniques on the Natural Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration during Construction Process 9. 26 Public Policy Forum on Improvement of National
Land Use and Planning
11. 21 Enhancement of National Competitiveness 12. 6 Inauguration of 10th President, Lee Kyubang
◀ 2001 Seminar on Plan tor Efficient Management Plan of Baekdudaegan
◀ 2001 International Conference on Culture and Economy of Cities
◀ 2002 Selected as 2001 Best Research Institute by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences
◀ 2002 Public Hearing on Land Suitability Assessment for Effective Territorial Management
◀ 2002 Seminar on Development of the Technologies and Techniques on the Natural Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration during
Construction Process
◀ 2002 International Seminar for 24th Anniversary of KRIHS Founding
2003_
2004_
1. 9 Korea China Japan International Seminar on
Promotion Strategy of Tourism Hub in East-North Asia 2. 5 International Seminar on Development of Busan-
Jinhae and Gwangyang Bay Area Free Economic Zones and Foreign Direct Investment
10. 1 International Seminar on Transparency & Efficiency in Real Estate Market
11. 24 Public Hearings on Promotion Plan for Improvement of Land Use Regulation System
12. Korea Spatial Planning Review Registered with Korea Research Foundation
2. 13 International Workshop on Innovation Clusters and Regional Economic Development
6. 12 Discussion Session on Establishment of Government Budget Plan: SOC Sector
7. 9 Seminar on Economic Effects of New Administrative Capital Construction
9.19 KRIHS E-library Granted Excellence Awards in
‘E-library Competitive Exhibition’
10. 16 Symposium for 25th Anniversary of KRIHS Founding
International Workshop on Innovation Clusters and Regional Economic Development
2003 ▶
Discussion Session on Establishment of Government Budget Plan: SOC Sector
2003 ▶
Seminar on Economic Effects of New Administrative Capital Construction
2003 ▶
KRIHS E-library Granted Excellence Awards in ‘E-library Competitive Exhibition’
2003 ▶
International Seminar on Development of Busan-Jinhae and Gwangyang Bay Area Free Economic Zones and Foreign Direct Investment
2004 ▶
International Seminar on Transparency & Efficiency in
2004 ▶
3. 27 Private Infrastructure Investment Center of Korea Transferred to KDI
4. 1 International Seminar on Long-term Utilization of Large-scale Reclaimed Land
5. 26 Awarded ‘Best Institute’ in ‘2004 Evaluation of Member Research Institutes’ by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences for 2 Consecutive Years
8. 31 Public Hearing on Revision Plan Proposal of Fourth Comprehensive National Territorial Plan
11. 15 Announced Winning Entries of International Urban Ideas Competition for Multi-functional
Administrative City
12. 6 Inauguration of 11th President, Choe Byeongsun
2005_
2006_
3. 17 Urban Innovation Center Inaugurated
5. 2 Ranked 3rd in ‘2005 Evaluation of Public Institutions’
by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences
5. 17 GIS KOREA 2006
6. 15 International Seminar on Creating Livable Cities 7. 10 Topped ‘Evaluation of Public Institutions for
Innovation’ by Planning and Budget Ministry, Among 23 Research Institutes under the Umbrella of the National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences Workshop on Restructuring and Competitiveness of Major Metropolitan Regions in Northeast Asia
10. 1 Communication and Public Relations Center Inaugurated 12. 1 Code of Research Conduct Established
12. 6 Topped ‘Customer Satisfaction Survey’ by Prime Minister’s Office for 2 Consecutive Years
◀ 2004 Public Hearing on Promotion Plan for Improvement of Land Use Regulation System
◀ 2005 International Seminar on Long- term Utilization of Large-scale Reclaimed Land
◀ 2005 Awarded ‘Best Institute’ in
‘2004 Evaluation of Member Research Institutes’ by National Research Council for
Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences for 2 Consecutive years
◀ 2005 Public Hearing on Revision Plan Proposal of Fourth Comprehensive National Territorial Plan
◀ 2005 Announced Winning Entries of International Urban Ideas Competition for Multi-functional Administrative City
◀ 2006 GIS KOREA 2006
2007_
2008_
2. 21 Construction Industry Information Center Inaugurated
4. 7 Selected as excellent institute in ‘2007 Evaluation of Public Institutions’ by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences
4. 7 Topped ‘Customer Satisfaction Survey’ by Prime Minister’s Office
6. 18 Inauguration of 12th President, Park Yangho 9. 5 Public Hearings on the Land Use Policy for the
Semangum Reclaimed Land
9. 23 International Seminar on Fomulating the System Dynamics-GIS Intergrated Model 10. 1 International Seminar on Global Challenges
and Territorial Development Strategies KRIHS 30th Anniversary Celebration Ceremony and New KRIHS C.I Announced 6. 15 KRIHS-affiliated Architecture and Urban Research
Institute Inaugurated
7. 17 Road Policy Research Center Inaugurated 7. 27 UBIN of KRIHS Topped ‘Innovation Competitive
Exhibition’ Held by National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences
International Seminar on Creating Livable Cities
2006 ▶
KRIHS-affiliated Architecture and Urban Research Institute Inaugurated
2007 ▶
Road Policy Research Center Inaugurated
2007 ▶
Construction Industry Information Center Inaugurated
2008 ▶
Public Hearings on the Land Use Policy for the Semangum
2008 ▶
Foundation & Purpose
The Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) was established in 1978 to undertake comprehensive research on use, development and conservation of the territory, thus contributing to the balanced territorial development of the nation and enhancing quality of people’s lives. Committed to its epochal mission of ‘realizing a territory with beautiful nature and pleasant living environment,’ KRIHS has been conducting, since its inception, various research endeavors directed towards a sustainable, balanced and knowledge-based territory while leading the future of the territory. Its future-oriented and practical research supports the government in establishing short-to medium-term plans and policies of the country.
KRIHS performs a wide range of research on land use and conservation, urban and regional planning, housing and land policies, transport- ation, construction economics, environment, water resources management and geographic information system construction. By so doing, KRIHS is taking a leading role in realizing an affluent and safe territory of Korea in the 21st century.
In addition to this, KRIHS is actively involved in
international research cooperation, carrying out joint and cooperative research projects with overseas research institutes and international organizations. It holds international seminars and conferences inviting world-renowned academics and experts in a bid to exchange scholarly information on use and conservation of territorial resources with professionals and experts abroad.
Lastly, KRIHS provides training programs for government officials from developing countries around the globe. The programs are intended to share with them knowledge and experiences in spatial planning, which KRIHS has accumulated over the past several decades, so that the participants can learn lessons from Korea’s experiences in establishing and implementing territorial policies and strategies.
Organization
KRIHS is comprised of six research divisions, three centers and the KRIHS affiliated Architecture &
Urban Research Institute: National Territorial &
Regional Planning Research Division, Environment
& Culture Research Division, Urban Research Division, Land & Housing Research Division, Transportation Research Division, Infrastructure &
Construction Economics Research Division, Geospatial Information Research Center, Northeast Asian Regional Development Center, and Urban Innovation Center; and three research supporting
divisions: Research Planning Coordination &
Innovation Division, Administration Division and Communications & Public Relations Center.
President
Vice President
National Territorial & Regional Planning Research Division Research Team Architecture & Urban Research Institute
Environment & Culture Research Division Research Team
Urban Research Division Research Team
Land & Housing Research Division Research Team
Office of Real Estate Market Research
Transportation Research Division Research Team
Road Policy Research Center ITS Standardization Research Office
Infrastructure & Construction Economics Research Division Research Team
Geospatial Information Research Center Research Team
Northeast Asian Regional Development Center Research Team
Urban Innovation Center Research Team
Research Planning·Coordination & Innovation Division
Research Management Team Budget Planning Team Innovation Strategies Team International Research Cooperation Office
Administration & Human Resources Team Finance & Accounting Team Maintenance & Coordination Team Administration Division
Public Relations Team Library & Publication Team Information Technology Team Communications & Public Relations Center
006 / 007
2 Research
Accomplishments over
Past Three Decades
Chapter 2 Research Accomplishments over Past Three Decades
1. National Territorial & Regional Research _26 2. Environment & Culture Research _30
3. Urban Research _36
4. Land Research _42
5. Housing Research _46
6. Transportation Research _50
7. Infrastructure & Construction Economics
Research _56
8. Geospatial Information Research _60
9. Northeast Asia Research _64
National Territorial &
Regional Research R e s e a r c h A c c o m p l i s h m e n t s o v e r Past Three Decades
01
The foundation objectives of KRIHS are to undertake comprehensive policy research, establish national territory development plans, and accomplish direct or indirect researches relative to the previous two objectives. Keeping pace with the times, KRIHS has conducted comprehensive and systematic research on the establishment and the enforcement of national territorial development plans. KRIHS has also fulfilled demands of various regional development policies including specific regional developments planned by the central government, metropolitan region development plans, province plans, and so on. KRIHS has investigated various region-based research strategies, policies, and plans, for example, aerial research on the industrial belt along the southeast coast and the Taebak area comprehensive development plan in the 1970s, and the Capital policies, metropolitan region development plans or poor-area support policies, industrial location policies in the 1980s. Lately, emphasis is being focused on research projects, such as decentralization policies, clustering of regional strategic industries, industrial complex
renovation policies, and underdeveloped region development policies.
Still now, the National Territorial & Regional Research Division carries out comprehensive policy research contributing to the balanced and sustainable development of national territory, and performs region-based projects and other policy research to create competitive regions. Regarding national level projects, the division has completed the Revision of the 4th Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (2000~2020) following the 2nd Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (1982~1991), the 3rd Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (1992~2001), and the 4th Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (2000~2020). And, the division has also completed various fundamental researches for the balanced development of national territory. Regarding local level projects, research relating to regional economic development strategies, regional economic policies, regional analyses, Capital metropolitan area and industrial location are completed. To support these areas of research, regional analysis methodology, related fundamental research to regional plans and industrial policies are also being investigated. In particular, considering the development of high
competitiveness among regions caused by globalization and the advent of local governments, effectiveness of regional development policies are being improved and cooperative systems among local governments, local research institutions and experts are currently emphasized. The division also carries out long term and comprehensive policies for the national territory and regional develop- ments through providing guidelines related to research and putting research results together.
The research is composed of four different fields.
First, the “comprehensive national territorial plans and development of spatial policies” field includes the ‘resolution of interregional disparity and balanced national development,’ ‘establishment of national settlement system and policies for under developed regions,’ ‘decentralization and deconcentration policies,’ ‘conceptual territorial design and plan of the Korean Peninsula,’ and
‘investigation of basic national territorial status.’
Second, the “regional analysis” includes the
‘establishment of theory and model for regional economic analysis,’ ‘establishment of policy for balanced regional development,’ and ‘a study on policy and comprehensive plan for the capital region.’ Third, “industrial location and regional innovation” includes the ‘industrial location policy
for regional competitiveness and promotion of inter- Korea economic association,’ ‘a study on building regional innovation system and fostering innovation clusters,’ and ‘supply of industrial location and building information system.’ And, finally, the
“regional management and development system”
field investigates the ‘analysis of regional administration and finance,’ ‘management evaluation of local government and establishment of strategic plan,’ and ‘a study on cooperation between local governments and solution for social conflicts.’
Since 1978, the division has continuously carried on the establishment of national territorial plans and related fundamental research. In the future, considering the change of research demands, emphasized areas of research are as follows:
‘national territory and regional policies preparing for the era of population decline and population aging,’ ‘national territory and regional policies preparing for the era of openness caused by the FTA,’ ‘regional development strategies in the era of localization,’ ‘governance construction for the field of national and regional policies,’ ‘conception of the spatial structure preparing for the reunification,’
and ‘international cooperation of national territory and regional policies.’
Public Policy Forum on Improvement Direction of Public Investment on Capital Region (1999.12.1)
Public Hearings on the Revision of the 4th Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (2005.8.31)
Selected Titles of Research Reports
Long-term Prospect of National Development for the Year 2000(1979)
The Second Comprehensive National Develop- ment Plan(CNDP): 1982~1991(1982)
Annual Evaluations on the Implementation of the Second CNDP(1984~1992)
National Development and Balanced Regional Growth(1990)
The Third Comprehensive National Development Plan: 1992~2001(1992)
Evaluation of the Third Comprehensive National Development Plan Implementation(1995) Fifty Years National Land: Retrospect and Pro- spect towards 21 Century(1996)
Siting and Development Disputes: Policy Direc- tions for the Dispute Resolution(1997)
Analysis and Evaluation of Regional Development Projects(1998)
Meanings of the Information Society for the National Territorial Policies(1998)
The Visions and Strategies for National Territorial Development toward the Twenty-First Century (1998)
The 4th National Comprehensive Territorial Plan 2000-2020(1999)
A Study on the Integrated Territorial Axes for the
Balanced Regional Development Strategy(2000) Locational Analysis and Spatial Reorganization Strategies of Central Management Functions in Korea(2002)
A Study on Collaborative Development Strategy between the Capital Region and the Non-Capital Region in Korea(2003)
Basic Framework of the New Territorial Plan for Dynamic and Integrated National Territory: For the Revision of the 4th Comprehensive National Territorial Plan(2005)
Policy Guidelines for Regionalization of the Ba- lanced National Development Strategy(II)(2006) High Speed Rail and the Changes of Spatial Structure(II)(2006)
Development of Simulation System for Financial Investment Impact Assessment and Set-up of National Development Index(I)(2007)
Measures to Promote Clustering of Regional Strategic Industries for Balanced National Development(2007)
R e s e a r c h A c c o m p l i s h m e n t s o v e r Past Three Decades
02
The tendency of world economic unification and economic blocs is growing fast, and the emission of greenhouse gases caused by abusing of the fossil fuel makes climate change a serious matter. As a result, the connection between the environment and international trade is become ever so significant.
Increasing earth’s environmental problems, such as the decline of species, global warming, are demanding the fulfillment of the earth’s environmental standard, such as the “UN framework convention on climate change,” the
“convention on biological diversity,” and so on. Especially, environmental problems such as the yellow dust from China caused by the rapid economic development of China, makes environmental pollution more serious to Korea and other Northeast Asia countries.
Domestic environmental problems can be environmental pollutions, such as
‘the devastated ecosystem caused by the destroying of the natural environment,’ ‘air pollution cause by increasing automobile use,’ just like other developed countries.
Environment &
Culture Research
And, ‘the diversity of pollution sources,’ ‘the increase in chemical material usage,’ and ‘concerns to healthy lifestyles’ lead the rapid increase of political demands to solve health problems.
Korea reached the 20 thousand-dollar national income level after a rapid economic development, and achieved economic development and the improvement of the quality of life after the four continuing successful national territory development plans. Airport construction, seaport construction, highway construction, and dam construction lead to expanded settlement infrastructures of the national territory and improved the quality of life.
But, the other side of this development was problems of the national territory environment caused by ‘rapid population growth,’ ‘enlarged economic size,’ ‘increased demands of natural resources and energy lead by the rapid progress of urbanization and industrialization.’ Insufficient concerns of environment problems and inadequacy of environment policies also lead to the destruction and contamination of various natural environments.
The reason for these problems is that Korea only
considered economic efficiency and focused on the quantity of infrastructure without considering available natural resources and the environmental capacity.
The other reason is that, considering economic development is not a complement to environmental conservation, but a contradiction to environmental conservation, Korea did not invest enough for environmental conservation.
KRIHS, followed by these social and economic demands at that time, had made more efforts to focus on the development aspects.
However, there has been a paradigm shift since the IMF Economic Crisis in 1997. A different approach of the national territorial policy was necessary to prepare difficult situations, such as a slowed
Public Policy Symposium on Environmental Fields in the 3rd Com- prehensive National Development Territorial Plan (1991. 6. 27)
economic development, an aging population, the declined population growth, the widening economic gaps.
Focusing on urban regenerations, the improvements of the quality of life, and the cultural dignity instead of large-scale development projects, KRIHS showed a strong will place its attention and energies on environmental conservation.
Establishing the Environmental & Culture Research Division in 2006, KRIHS also puts forth its efforts to develop policies about the creation of the national territorial space for a balance between development and the environment, as well as cultural dignity.
Because of rapid urbanization and urban sprawl, improvement in the urban area living environment, where most of people live in, is urgent. And, with the rise of core policy assignments for the development of sustainable cities and livable cities, the focus must be on ‘restoring natural rivers in the city,’ ‘the integrated territorial axes for balanced regional development,’ and ‘consideration for the Biotope Area Factor (BAF)’ for the restoration of sustainable environment and the improvement of the settlements.
KRIHS is making every effort to prevent the social
loss from serious destruction of the nation territorial environment caused by various development policies for economic revitalization.
Even though the integration research in environmental policies and national territorial space policies, and the development project focusing on environmental aspects have been implemented, it is not enough to construct a land use management system based on an environmental plan. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare better measures.
The Sustainability Index is still lower than other OECD countries. The environment management capacity of the government and related research results should be improved for the conservation of the national territorial environment and the management of the environment conflict.
KRIHS also must lead international environmental cooperation, support environmental technology development, and enhance international competitive power.
The research about this environmental field has been investigated. However, the research was usually a single part of bigger projects. With the establishment of the Environment & Culture
Research Division, KRIHS has a chance to implement more systematic and deeper research concerning environment and culture.
Research activities of the Environmental & Culture Research Division cooperate with other research divisions in KRIHS based on the harmony of both development and conservation. Examples of environment related research in KRIHS are as followings:
First, in order to meet the paradigm shift to Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development(ESSD), KRIHS implements com- prehensive research for the efficient management of national resources, the assurance of sustainability, assurance of national territory amenity, and enhanced competitive power. KRIHS also suggests
national territorial management strategies for both the current generation as well as the future generations.
Second, KRIHS is implementing research for the establishment of system reform and project establishment with the efficient use of national territorial resources, the improvement of quality of life, national territorial management for climate change prevention, and policy development for harmony between development and environment.
Third, when national territorial policies are implemented, the framework for development and the environment is proposed for policy developments or the implementation of plans through the achievement of the philosophy and the concept concerning the insurance of long-term
Symposium on Efficient Management Plan of the Baekdudaegan (2001. 3. 26)
Direction of the National Management Policies (2000.9.20)
sustainability of national territory plans, national territorial management plans for harmony between development and the environment.
Fourth, the destruction and the loss of the cultural heritages caused by the national territorial development process, and the dissolution of local communities can be side effects of economic
development. Mature national territorial management can be available for the preservation of cultural heritages and the recovering of local communities.
Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research concerning the preservation of cultural heritages and the recovering of local communities.
Fifth, KRIHS makes every effort to implement basic research for scientific analysis and the achievement of theories to support the national territorial environment and cultural research.
KRIHS also tries to implement research about the construction of the national resources, the environment, and a culture related information system.
International Seminar on Development Strategies of the West- coast Tourism Belt (2005. 5. 26)
Michel F. Goodchild Professor, University of California, SantaBarbara
Congratulation and best wishes to KRIHS on the occasion of its 30th anniversary, and best wishes for another 30 successful year.
CEHN, Hsiao-Hung Nancy Professor, National Chengchi University, Taiwan
Much Achievements in the Past, Many Sucess in the Future!
Congratulations for 30th anniversary of KRIHS.
Congratulatory Remarks on the Krihs 30thAnniversary
Selected Titles of Research Reports
A Study on the Long-Term Planning for Industrial Water Resources(1994)
National Coastal Zone Assessment Project:
Formulating Institutional Mechanism for Integrated Coastal Zone Management(1996) The Strategies of Integrated National Ecological Network: A Reconnaissance(1999)
The Study of the Designated Tourist Develop- ment System in Korea(2001)
The Effective Management Strategies of Baekdudaegan(2001)
Strategies for Environment-Friendly National Territorial Development(2002)
Indicators of Sustainable National Territorial Development(2003)
The Measurement of Environmental & Resource Values: Method and Application(2004)
Establishment of Consensus Building System for the Efficient Implementation of National Development Project(2005)
Sustainable Development Strategies: For the Revision of the Fourth National Territorial Plan(2005)
Strategies of Water Management and Disaster Prevention: For the Revision of the Fourth National Territorial Plan(2005)
Basic Strategies for Promoting Resident-Oriented Ecotourism Based on In-depth Interviews and Case Studies(2005)
National Trust Approach for the Management of Greenbelts in Korea(2006)
Category Classification and Systematic Manage- ment of Protected Areas for Effective Territorial Resources Management(2007)
Strategies to Create National Amenity Resources Enhancing Quality of Life(2007)
R e s e a r c h A c c o m p l i s h m e n t s o v e r Past Three Decades
03
Urban Planning and Policy Urban Inovation
Urban Planning and Policy
Urban Research Division comprehensively evaluates the effect on urban areas facing various problems and changes in social and economic situations, such as the decline of population growth or in increasing aging population. After that, the division suggests development directions and policies, and investigates improvement plans of the related legal systems for more achievable policies. Important research topics from the Urban Research Division are as follows:
First, KRIHS implementing urban development policies at the national level, carrying out research regarding the related system and the improvement of law to support the policies.
Second, implementing academic research related to ‘the guidance of new city plans and designs,’ ‘the suggestion of standards,’ ‘the investigation of the economic adequacy,’ and ‘the analysis of the demand,’ KRIHS established
Urban Research
basic plans for several new towns. Currently, KRIHS is carrying out the “International Master Plan Competition for Public Administration Town,” and also makes several basic and development plans.
Third, KRIHS examines the systematic problems of urban regeneration strategies such as redevelopment, reconstruction and the new town project, and investigates policy directions and supporting plans to promote urban regeneration for the management of existing towns.
Fourth, in the field of the district unit planning or urban design, KRIHS, usually targeting new cities, implemented the planning system improvement plan, guidance for the establishment and preparation of the planning draft.
Fifth, KRIHS implemented a wide array of research concerning policy suggestions to implement the construction of the livable city, as well as the supporting plans and pilot projects for business promotion.
Finally, KRIHS implemented research related to urban economics and administration. Focused on undeveloped local cities, KRIHS investigates research to systematically and politically support urban regeneration projects, connecting to both the
physical environmental improvement and urban economic revitalization, to successfully implement and achieve the efficiency of the administration while considering the characteristics of each city.
In the future, urban research will satisfy demands about (1) the quality improvements of human settlement life space matched with high income levels and (2) the diversity of urban development followed by the establishment of local
Korea-France Joint Conference on Public Private Partnership in Urban Development Projects(1995. 12. 12)
Public Hearings on the Revision of Urban Planning Law (1995.12.19)
governments. And, research will deal with reinforcing competitive power at the city level, support projects for developing countries, and participation expansion for urban development projects. The Urban Research Division should implement the key role for the abovementioned research.
The long term urban policy been implemented since the 1970s. Most urban policies were policies based on national territorial plans to prepare for the change of the national space structure, such as the first Comprehensive National Territorial Plan (1972
~ 1981). These policies were types of national-level urban growth management policies to promote the industry at specific locations for metropolitan area growth control, the growth pole for the local area, and the promotion of the industrial cities.
In 1980s, the core of urban policies were the fast supply of urban land caused by rapid urbanization.
To solve urban area housing shortages, “The Residential Site Development Promotion Act” was established in 1980, and “The Capital Region Readjustment Planning Act” was enacted in 1982 to control the population in the Capital region, to prevent the concentration of industry, and to achieve a balanced national development. After completely reforming “The Urban Planning Act,”
“The Urban General Planning System” was introduced. In the 1990s, urban planning preparation and the enforcement right of the central government were delegated to local governments because of the resurrection of local governments system. The field of urban planning further expanded through the metropolitan region
Inaugural Assembly and Seminar of the 'u-Multi-functional Administrative City Forum'(2005. 9. 30)
Establishment Direction of Master plan on the Multi-functional Administrative City with Desirable Future City Concepts(2005. 4. 19)
plan, the introduction of the detail planning system, and the segmentation of planned units. The 1990s was also the era of considering the new solutions to the side effects of quantitative growth and the expansion-oriented development paradigm.
In 2000, “The Participatory Government”
implemented the construction plans of “Multi- functional Administrative City,” “Innovation City,”
“Company City,” and “Liveable City” to solve overpopulation and the concentration on the Capital Metropolitan Region and to reform the national economy through a balanced national development.
Urban Innovation
The government leads urbanization and urban development in Korea. However, according to the settlement of the local government system with social democratization and the raised perception of citizens as the owners of their region, urban problems can not be solved with government power only. The diversity of society has brought conflicts of mixed interests, which has caused complex urban problems.
These changes meant that policy research based on
reports or temporary interests from writing reports may not solve urban and regional problems anymore, and top-down strategies are no longer available. A better approach to solve urban problems will require continued investigation and evaluation of policies, searching for alternative plans, research satisfying citizen’s demand, research that involves citizens, and research supporting citizens to becom procative in solving problems.
The importance of the role of researchers as pure researchers, specialists, and assessors cannot be over-emphasized. However, the role of researchers to be the counselors or the communicators is also important. It is necessary for researchers to study current situations to solve current problems. If the democratization of society and improvement of citizen perception are ineluctable, the fulfillment of
‘Urban Information Network’ Homepage
the citizen and regional demand will be the role of researchers.
The Urban Innovation Center was established as the new organization in KRIHS in 2006 with previous objectives. Government and KRIHS recognized that the establishment of a comprehensive urban support organization was necessary to construct the organic cooperation system and to achieve the consistency and the comprehensiveness of each project. Moreover, KRIHS evaluated that the bottom-up approach is necessary to solve various urban problems and to lead the innovative development. The capacity reinforcement of local government and the local people is the first thing that must be done for the bottom-up approach to solve urban problems. To support this, researches for the connection between the field and the policy
will be important.
The Urban Innovation Center was established to conduct two different but connecting roles. The vision of the Urban Renovation Center, “Presenting a better social role model with the connection between the field and the policy,” expressed the objective of the center and the hope that many other government-sponsored research institutes follow this vision.
Seminar on Development Strategies of Livable City Project (2007. 7. 5)
New Paradigm of Urban Planning Study Abroad Program (2007. 10. 15~20, USA)
Selected Titles of Research Reports Urban Development in the Year 2000(1980) Planning Review System and Evaluation Criteria for City Development Plans(1982)
Comprehensive Plan for the Improvement of the Capital Region(1985)
Urban Design for Pundang and Pyongchon New Towns(1992)
A Study on the Policy of Urban Park Develop- ment and Management(1995)
A Study on the Development Density and Land Use in New Town Development(1995)
Master Plan and Feasibility Study for the Inchon International Airport Region(1996)
The 2nd Phase Urban Design Guidelines for the Ansan Newtown(1996)
Strategies for Enhancing Local Competitiveness of Large Cities(1997)
Planning and Design Guidelines for Residential Complex Development(1997)
Building up Sustainable Urban Environment(1999) A Study on the Guidelines of the City-Region Planning (1999)
Changing Urban Structure and Policy Issues in Information Society(2002)
A Study on the Revitalization of Activities and Amenities in Urban Center(2003)
Urban Planning Decision and Social Justice(2004) Urban Growth Management Policy in the Age of Slow or No Population Growth(2005)
The Making of Livable Cities in Korea(2005) New Approaches in Urban Planning System to Make a Livable City Improving the Method of Land-use Control for an Effective Land Manage- ment System(2006)
Economic Supporting Programs to Protect Valuable Open Spaces in Urban Fringe Area(2007) Marking the Livable City by Citizen Participa- tion: Case Study of Korea(2007)
Michael Douglas Professor, University of Hawaii
Over the course of its impressive history of original, evidence-based policy research, KRIHS has made solid contributions not only to Korea but also to scholars, planners and governments throughout the world. Its innovative policy initiatives reveal the impressive dynamics of Korea in ways that stimulate innovative thinking well beyond its shores.
Congratulatory Remarks on the Krihs 30thAnniversary
R e s e a r c h A c c o m p l i s h m e n t s o v e r Past Three Decades
04
One nation is composed of land, people, and authority. The land where people can exercise the authority is referred to as “territory.” Many wars and much strife are caused by this idea of “territory.” According to the third article of the Constitution, the territory of the Republic of Korea shall consist of the Korean peninsula and its adjacent islands, and the second article of the Basic Law for the National Territory prescribed that the territory is the settlements for the people’s life and the national resources for the future generation.
Land is the foundation to decide the economy and the social system in one country. Feudalism is the system for deciding social status with land and land as the economic foundation in one country.
Therefore, South Korea reformed the land system in 1950s as “the compensation confiscation, paid distribution,” while North Korea as “the compensationless confiscation, free distribution.”
Land, as one of the three production elements, is the foundation for economic
