Vol. 49, No. 4 O2012PG pp. 471-478
জฎজֈॺٛऀକंࢫಅచंܑंজ
ܪઽ Â ଲ Â ୨ָก Â ଲఢ
Size Analysis of Airborne and Settled Dust in Underground Limestone Mine
Doo Young Kim, Seung Ho Lee, Kyu Hong Jeong and Chang Woo Lee
Abstract : This paper aims at analyzing the concentration and size distribution of airborne dust as well as the re-entrainment possibility of settled dust in order to suggest efficient engineering measures for improving the work place environment at limestone mines with large cross-section. Concentrations of diesel smoke are also estimated by visual observation and size distribution. The airborne dust concentration during drilling and loading operations are within the permissible limit by Mine Health and Safety Act, while the estimated diesel smoke level is in the range of 0.380 and 1.620 mg/m3 and considerably exceeds the US MSHA TLV of 0.160 mg/m3. Within the 200 m downstream of drilling and loading operations, differences of the size distribution of settled dust on the wall and bottom are not significant. However, settled dust generated by blasting shows relatively finer size and has higher possibility of re-entrainment.Key words : Limestone mine, Airborne dust, Settled dust, Re-entrainment, Size distribution
څ أ ʂɳϸԵধԵġԓǴ˥܆ۤҼԐڌق˰δۚغঞąқԵфমڱۺқݕ܃رѓ؋ۆυʹںڦ३
ۚغėÂǴҙڮқݕȬʪфۓʪқԵ, ࠞқݕۦҙڮÀɠՁںқԵॠČگ؋ěęۓʪқपͿҙࢢ˥܆
ϔٍۆȬʪε߸܁ॠٕɰ. ߎėфۺۦۚغėÂقԴۆҙڮқݕȬʪəġԓ҃؋ѪقԴ܃֨ॢॴڌȬʪε
ߣęॠݓə؍ڷǣ߸܁ϔٍȬʪə0.380~1.620 mg/m3܁ʪͿйĶ(MSHA)ۆşܵ0.160 mg/m3ں֮Áॠó
ߣęॢɰ. ۚغۤҙŖ200 m ѩڦǴۆۺۦфߎėۚغقۆॠيьԦॢқݕۆࠞқݕۓʪқपəۋÀ
ই۹ॠݓ؍ڷǣьࣷۚغقۆॢқݕۓʪÀԜʂۺڷͿۚڷ϶ۦҙڮÀɠҼڱ̚ॢԜʂۺڷͿࡾóǣࢍ
Ǧɰ.
ܳڅر ԵধԵġԓ, ҙڮқݕ, ࠞқݕ, ۦҙڮ, ۓʪқप
2012ț5ښ21ێۿս, 2012ț7ښ9ێ֮ԐٰΒ 2012ț8ښ23ێóۦঝ܁
1) ʴ؉ʂॡİقȃݓۙڙėॡę
*Corresponding Author(ۋڍ) E-mail; [email protected]
Address; Department of Energy & Mineral Resources, Donga University, Busan, Korea
Դ
ݓशҙŖۆԵধԵۙڙČÄęঞąő܃ͿۍॢĶǴ
ԵধԵġԓۆݓॠজąॳڹ2006ț38ÒՙقԴ2010 ț51ÒՙͿݒÀÀ̤ॠɰ. ԵধԵݓॠġԓۆąڍ قٽĶęÏۋʂɳϸÚʪĹ, ܳѓ֩ġѪ, ˥܆
ۤҼۆԐڌۋێъজʼČەɰ. ʂɳϸÚʪۆąڍق əɳϸۋۚڹÚʪقҼॠيۻɳϸԜۆՙڅঞş՚
ʪۆঝ҃Àڌۋॠݓ؍؉ʂ˥܆ۤҼͿҙࢢѕʼ ə١ّНݗۆ֪՚ॢৠԵфѕۋرͷČ, ȭڹĹݕ
фġڱڹَڮۓ͟ںݒÀ֨ࡈۚغėÂǴۆঞąں
֮Áॢ սܵūݓ ؊জ֨ࢅČ ەɰ.
҆ȦЛقԴəÚǴҙڮқݕۆՁںқԵॠيŀŕ ۺڷͿəʂɳϸݓॠԵধԵġԓǴ˥܆ۤҼԐڌق
˰δۚغঞąқԵфমڱۺқݕ܃رѓ؋ۆυʹں
ڦॠي(1) ۚغėÂǴҙڮқݕȬʪфۓʪқԵ, (2)
ࠞқݕۆ ۦҙڮ ÀɠՁ қԵں ЀۺڷͿ ॢɰ.
ĶǴġԓ҃؋ѪȬʪő܃
ߎėş, ࣡͡, ͿʌˣęÏڹʂ˥܆ۤҼͿҙࢢѕ
ʼəʂशۺ١ّНݗڹϔٍ, CO, NOxۋ϶ۋܼь
ؒՁНݗۍϔٍڹ০ۚغėÂǴقԴě֮ʂԜۋʼ Čەɰ(Grau, R.H., Get al., 2009). йĶۆąڍۋй
10يțۻҙࢢ˥܆ۤҼԐڌۆݒÀٮϔٍۆڮ३Ձ ںÇ؋ॠيÚǴϔٍȬʪۆő܃εTable 1قԴٮÏ
ٍĵȦЛ
CO 50
CO2 10000 (1 %)
NO 25
NO2 3
SO 2
Table 3. Work place airborne dust (Mine Health and Safety Act 50, 2011)
Classification TLV (mg/m3) Underground or indoor processing plants at
metal mine and silica mine 2 Underground or indoor processing plants at
coal mine 5
Underground or indoor processing plants at
other non-metal mine 10
ۋ2001țʪʂҼ40 % սܵڷͿśü০Ìজॠٕɰ.
ĶǴġԓ҃؋ѪقԴəÚǴڮ३À֟ٮۚغۤۆϤ ݓǨρő܃ȬʪεTable 2, 3ęÏۋ܃֨ॠČەڷ϶,
˥܆ۤҼٮÏڹǴٍşěۆۓۙԜѕНݗ, ϔٍ
ۆő܃Ȭʪε25 % Ϳ܁ۆॠČەڷǣۋəǴٍşě ۆԐڌ֧ۍںڦॢȬʪێӼۋ϶ÚǴėşܼۆϔٍ
Ȭʪşܵڹػə֬܁ۋɰ. ̚ॢ, ʂ˥܆ۤҼۆԐڌ ڷͿۍॢқݕьԦڹۚغۤǴঞąق֮ÁॢЛ܃ε
آşॠş˺Лق˥܆ϔٍںप॥ॢқݕۆ܃رəÚ ǴঞąÒԸںڦॢ ज़սۺ ę܃Ϳ ۍ֩ʼČ ەɰ.
ҙڮқݕۆۛΪ֨Âф
ࠞқݕۆۦҙڮěʹۋ
-10 Gѩڦۆড়ՁԵқݕڹьԦڙڷͿҙࢢ500 m ѩڦǴقԴəࠞڱۋ50 % ۋॠۋɰ. ԵধԵқݕۆ
ąڍقəѓ३ԵşܵڷͿҼܼۋ2.75 ۋдͿԵۆ
Ҽܼ1.78 ҃ɰࡾдͿStokes Ѫ࠙قۆॢܛϊࠞÌ՚
ۓۙۆНνজॡۺՁ, ֥ʪ, қݕۓʪ, ۓۙ, қ ݕę Úʪѹϸۆ शϸՁˣق ࢀ ٖॳںыəɰ.
ॢठ, ࠞқݕۆۓʪѻۦҙڮę܁ڹɰڼęÏۋ3 ÀݓܛΪͿĵқॣսەɰ. ۦҙڮقٖॳںй࠘əѺ սəॄ՚, ۓʪ, Ԝʂ֥ʪ, ѹϸäࠜş, ۓۙ, Ȥ
֨Â, ǦΪÌʪфąćࠗˣۋ϶ۋܼॄ՚ęۓʪқप ÀԜʂۺڷͿܼڅॢٖॳѺսۋɰ(Shankar, S. et al., 1991).
أʴ(saltation)
1000500 G ࡾşۆۓۙۆۦҙڮÀ३ɾʽɰ. ɳ ێۓۙÀɰδۓۙڦεĹ͠ڏʴ͟ۋݒÀॠيशϸ ڷͿҙࢢۋॠيۦҙڮॠǣۙߕॠܼڷͿďࠞÌॠ óʽɰ. ۻɳ՚ʪۆࡾşٮěćػۋࠞÌॠşۻūݓ ۆսथҼԓäνə10 cm ۋॠۋɰ. ࠞÌॠيцɱق
ҙ˯০əտÂۓۙÀࣷĨʼäǣцɱۆۓۙٮ߿ʮॠ يڏʴ͟ۻɵۋۋΘر܋ۋ˞ۓۙÀҙڮॠşʪॢɰ.
शϸपॱ(surface creep)
500100 GࡾşۆۓۙۆąڍقəԜ֧ॠşقəॠ
ܼۋȃИࡾдͿÚʪशϸÀūۋՁʽąćࠗǴق ԴĵβäǣйǏ͠ݕɰ. ц͊ڿͳ(wind stress)ۋǣأ ʴॠيࠞÌॠəۓۙقۆॢڏʴ͟ۻɵقۆॠيۋʴ ॠóʽɰ.
ҙت(suspension)
йՃۓۙۆąڍşΪۆڮʴęÏۋϤäνεҙڮ ॠóʽɰ. -100 GۓۙۆąڍÀۋق३ɾॢɰ. -50 ۓۙ(০-10 )ۆąڍəц͊ڿͳۆॢۓۙۋ
ق۹२ۋ Ìॢ ठۋɰ(Shankar, S. et al., 1991).
ٍĵѓѪ
Fig. 1ڹÌڙʪԘߍ֨قڦ࠘ॢʂɳϸԵধԵݓॠ ġԓۍDġغՙۋɰ. ٍ҆ĵʂԜۍDġغՙəٍÂԦ
Fig. 1. Location of D mine.
Fig. 2. Schematics of ventilation network.
Fig. 3. Cascade impactor.
ԓ͟2,940,000 ࢻۋ϶ठÂČʪə20 m ͿÒьॠ يইۦݓशͿҙࢢ140 m ॠҙۍ6ठūݓÒьʼرە ɰ. Úʪəफ12 m, ȭۋ7 m(ɳϸۺڹ84 m2)ۋ϶
ġÚʪٮܳڏъÚۆɳϸۺڹÏɰ. ڏъÚʪۍRampway ۆąԐə1215° ۋɰ. Fig. 2əDġغՙۆঞşćࣀ ʪۋ϶, 2ÒۆÚĵٮ2ÒۆսݔÚقѕşअںԺ࠘ॠي
ʂڍ֩ ঞşѓ֩(diagonal ventilation)ںۺڌॠيڏٖ
ॢɰ.
ҙڮқݕࠑ܁
ҙڮ қݕۆ ۓʪқपə ɳćѻ cut-off ۓʪÀ 9.8, 6.0, 3.5, 1.55, 0.93, 0.52 Gۍ6ɳࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢ (cascade impactor, new star environmentalԐmodel NS-296) (Fig. 3)εԐڌॠٕČ, ড়ՁҙڮқݕȬʪəġԓ͈֩
֬֨ÂϿɦࢢ(kanomaxԐ model 3442)ε Ԑڌॠي ࠑ
܁ॠٕɰ(Chekan, G.J. et al., 2006). ɰ͟ۆқݕьԦÒ ՙۍߎėфۺۦۚغݓ۾ҙŖܳڏъÚʪقԴࠑ܁
ॠٕɰ. ࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢۆԾ֟࣡ͪۋ࣡(substrate)ۆ
पݚŔν֟(grease)əࢼΘلęտսग࣡νړ܆ν ε8:2Ϳঔ०ॠيقرҵ֑͠ͿқИॠٕɰ(ۋڍ, 1998).
ࠞқݕۆۓʪқԵ
ࠞқݕۆۦҙڮÀɠՁںқԵॠşڦॠيČ܁۾
١ّڙۍąڍقə١ّڙڷͿҙࢢ50, 100, 150, 200 m ݓ۾ۆࠑѹ, цɱقԴࠞқݕںࠄॠٕڷ϶, ˥܆
ۤҼф࣡͡ۋڏॱʼəÚʪقԴəࠑѹфÚʪцɱ
1ÒՙقԴࠞқݕںࠄॠٕɰ. ьࣷқݕڹьࣷ
ьࣷݓ۾ڷͿҙࢢ ѕşÚʪ ޅڷͿ 50, 100, 150, 200 m ݓ۾قԴࠑѹ, цɱۆࠞқݕںࠄॠٕɰ.
ࠞқݕۆۓʪқԵڹġԓ͈֩ۓʪқԵşۍMicrotrac Ԑۆ Ͽʝ S3500ں Ԑڌॠٕɰ.
ҙڮқݕȬʪфۓʪқԵĀę
ݓॠԵধԵġԓǴ˥܆ۤҼÀԐڌʼəۚغėÂǴ
ҙڮқݕȬʪфۓʪқԵ(ėşًॡۺݔąşܵ)ںڦ ॠيɳڦۚغѻͿġԓ͈қݕćͿ-10 ȝm ۓۙۆȬ ʪε ࠑ܁ॠČ, ࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ ےऄࢢε Ԑڌॠي ۚغۤ
ҙŖę50 m ۋüʽ2 ݓ۾قԴҙڮқݕںқԵॢĀ ęə ɰڼę Ïɰ.
(a) Cumulative size distribution of single mode (b) Cumulative size distribution of double modes
(c) Size distribution of single mode (d) Size distribution of double mode Fig. 5. Typical size distributions and cumulative size distributions of airborne dust at limestone mine.
ҙڮқݕȬʪ
Fig. 4əߎėۚغęۺۦۚغʴ؋ҙڮʽ-10 Gқ ݕۆȬʪқपε҃يܵɰ. ߎėۚغ֨ۆҙڮқݕȬʪ ə0.620.69 mg/m3, थŒȬʪə0.67 mg/m3, ۺۦۚ
غ֨ۆȬʪə0.560.93 mg/m3,थŒȬʪə0.71 mg/m3 ۋɰ. ȬʪқपܼտÂۺۍԜ֧фÌॠۆąڍəۍۿ ݓ۾ںࣀęॠə˥܆͟ڷͿۍॢইԜۋ϶, ێъۺڷ Ϳ ߎėۚغ҃ɰ ۺۦۚغ֨ ҙڮқݕۆ ȬʪÀ ȭɰ.
ۋəߎėۚغ֨Ԑڌʼə˥܆ۤҼəߎėşÀڮێॠ ǣۺۦۚغ֨قəͿʌӼχ؉ɦ͆ي͠ʂۆ˥܆࣡͡
˞ۋݓ՚ۺڷͿʪ, ʂş, ۺۦ, ۋʴںъ҄ॠş˺
Лۋɰ.
ҙڮқݕۓʪқԵ
Fig. 5əҙڮқݕۆۻۺۍۓʪқपфɀۺۓʪ қपε҃يܵɰ. ҙڮқݕۆԦՁڙۍۋ1ÒۋԜۍą ڍəۓʪқपقԴ2ÒۋԜۆ߯ҾÉ(mode)ں҃يܳ
əɰҋқप(multimodal distribution)Àǣࢍǣó
ʼ϶ٍ҆ĵĀęقԴʪߪ10ÒۆҙڮқݕԢܼ॔2 ÒÀFig. 5قԴٮÏۋ2Òۆ߯ҾÉں ̤ॠó҃ي
ܵɰ. ɀۺঝέۋ 50 % ۍ ۓʪÀ ܼ͟şܵ थŒۓʪ (MMD)ۋ϶MMDəߎėۚغ֨1.64.8 ȝm, ۺۦۚ
غ֨ə2.98.6 ȝm ѩڦε҃ۍɰ. Fig. 6ڹφۤę50 m ॠΪޅقԴࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢͿࠑ܁ॢߪҙڮқݕȬ ʪۆѺজε҃يܳČەɰ. ߎėşۆݓ՚ۺۍÀʴق
a. During drilling b. During loading Fig. 6. Concentration of total airborne dust by operation.
Fig. 7. Main exhaust fan and Diesel smoke. Fig. 8. Dust loaded on six cascade substrates and a backup filter.
˰δߎėۚغ֨ə50 m ॠΪठۆߪҙڮқݕȬʪÀ
̤ॠóÇՙ॥ں҃يܳ϶Çՙڱڹأ33 % ۋ϶, ۺ ۦۚغۆąڍقəۚغėÂ ܼق ͿڍʌӼχ؉ɦ͆
࣡͡ęÏڹ˥܆ۤҼۆۋʴق˰͆50 m ॠΪठۆȬ ʪÀ ١০Ͳ ݒÀॠə ąڍε ҃ۍɰ.
ϔٍȬʪ߸܁
ݓॠԵধԵġԓ ǴقԴ ˥܆ۤҼͿҙࢢѕʼəۓ
ۙԜНݗۍϔٍں܃äॠݓ؍ںąڍقəۚغėÂ
Ӽχ؉ɦ͆ѕşսÚٽҙۆʂşфٍۙঞąۆ١ّ
ʪ֮Áॠيݕɰ. Fig. 7ڹѕşսÚقԺ࠘ʽѕşअ
ܳѺۋѕʽϔٍقۆॠي֮Áॠó١ّʽԐݕۋ϶
Fig. 8ڹқݕࠄࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢۆपݚԾ֟࣡
ͪۋ࣡ε҃يܵɰ. йĶԵġԓقԴəϔٍۓʪқप À0.0010.8 G܁ʪےںČͲॠي0.8 Gںcut-off ۓʪͿॠəےऄࢢͿԢ॔τॠٕڷдͿ܃ێυݓφ
іغज़ࢢεप॥ॠي5ɳ(0.93 ) ф6ɳ(0.52 )قԴ
ࠄʽ ūχ қݕڹʂҙқ ϔٍێ ìڷͿ߸܁ʽɰ.
ٍ҆ĵقԴəࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢͿԢ॔τॢҙڮқ ݕۆɀۺۓʪқपεۋڌॠي-0.8 , -10 , -100 G
қݕۆҼڱںϔٍ, ড়Ձқݕ, TSP ҼڱͿÀ܁ॠٕ
ɰ. Table 4əۚغѻҙڮқݕۆܼ͟şܵथŒۓʪ, ড়ՁқݕҼڱ, ϔٍҼڱ, ҙڮқݕȬʪ, ϔٍ߸܁Ȭʪε
ǣࢍǶɰ. ϔٍۆȬʪəҙڮқݕۆȬʪٮϔٍ͟ۆĕ ڷͿ ߸܁ॠٕɰ. ҙڮқݕܼϔٍۆ߸܁͟ڹߎėۚ
غ֨1327 % ۋ϶, ۺۦۚغ֨ə1227 % ۋɰ. ÚǴ
˥܆ۤҼق ۆॢ ϔٍۆ Ȭʪε ߸܁ॠϸ 0.3801.620 mg/m3 ѩڦεǣࢍǴ϶Table 1ۆйĶÚǴϔٍő܃
Ȭʪε ঽ ԜধॠČ ەɰ.
ࠞқݕۦҙڮÀɠՁқԵĀę
ݓॠԵধԵġԓǴࠞқݕۦҙڮÀɠՁںқԵॠ şڦॠيࠑѹęцɱۆࠞқݕںьԦݓ۾ڷͿҙࢢ
0 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m, 200 m ݓ۾قԴࠄॠي
қԵॢۓʪқपܼۦҙڮÀɠқݕۆ͟ںࠞڦ࠘,
ۚغܛΪѻ, ۋüäνѻͿ߸܁ॢĀęə ɰڼęÏɰ.
ҙڮÀɠқݕҼڱڹTSPۆ߯ʂۓʪۍ100 GεČͲ ॠي -100 G ٮ -10 G ҼڱںқԵॠٕɰ.
Loading
04.23 Level5 (50) 8.6 4.8 54 12 0.550
04.24 Level6 (0) 6.4 5.5 56 29 1.620
04.25 Level5 (0) 4.8 3.3 68 15 0.490
04.25 Level5 (50) 3.0 2.7 77 20 0.540
(a) During drilling (b) During loading
Fig. 9. Size distribution of settled dust by operation.
Table 5. Mean diameter and Re-entrainment possibility ratio of the settled dust by location
Location Mean diameter ()
Re-entrainment possibility ratio (%)
For TSP (-100 ) range For respirable dust (-10 ) range
Bottom 16.3~56.1 52~98 2~32
Wall 13.0~61.9 34~99 3~82
ࠞڦ࠘ѻۓʪқपфҙڮÀɠқݕҼڱ Fig. 9əۺۦۚغ֨ۋüäν150 m ݓ۾قԴцɱ ęѹۆࠞқݕۆۓʪқपʪٮɀۺқपʪε҃يܵ
ɰ. ࠞқݕۆۓʪқपܼ2ÒۋԜۆ߯ҾÉں ҃ۋ əҼڱۋ50 % Ϳҙڮқݕۆąڍ҃ɰȭóǣٵɰ.
ۋəÚǴѹфцɱۋڮۓݓॠսӼχ؉ɦ͆ߎėۚ
غ֨قԐڌॠəԕսقۆॠي܂رەرйՃۓۙ˞ۋ
ڿݚʽĀęۋäǣ ,࣡͡ڏॱęÏۋ҄սۆьԦڅۍ˞
ۋʴ֨ق ٍěʼş ˺ЛڷͿ ߸܁ʽɰ.
Table 5əࠞڦ࠘ѻथŒۓʪۆѩڦٮҙڮÀɠқ
ݕҼڱںǣࢍǴ϶, қݕьԦݓ۾قԴ200 m ѩڦǴ ق ࠞʼəқݕۆथŒۓʪəцɱęѹϸˣęÏۋ
ڦ࠘ѻۋÀই۹ॠݓ؍ڼں؎սەڷ϶ড়Ձқ ݕۓۙࡾşۍ-10 G Ҽڱڹцɱ҃ɰѹϸقࠞॢ
қݕۆąڍÀঽࡾóǣࢍǦɰ. ۋəцɱقࠞʽ
қݕۆ࣡͡фۤҼۆۋʴق˰͆ۦڿݚʽԜۋş
˺ЛڷͿ ߸܁ʽɰ.
ۚغѻۓʪқपфҙڮÀɠқݕҼڱ
Table 6ڹۚغѻथŒۓʪۆѩڦٮҙڮÀɠқݕҼ
Table 6. Mean diameter and Re-entrainment possibility ratio of the settled dust by operation
Operation Mean diameter ()
Re-entrainment possibility ratio (%)
For TSP (-100 ) range For respirable dust (-10 ) range
Drilling 18.7~51.3 49~90 3~27
Loading 18.3~61.9 34~84 4~25
Blasting 16.7~48.2 64~97 5~34
(a) Bottom dust (drilling) (b) Bottom dust (loading) (c) Bottom dust (blasting)
(d) Wall dust (drilling) (e) Wall dust (loading) (f) Wall dust (blasting) Fig. 10. Mean diameter, re-entrainment possibility ratio by distance and operation.
ڱںǣࢍǴ϶, ߎėۚغęۺۦۚغقҼॠيьࣷۚغ ڷͿۍॠيࠞʽқݕۆथŒۓʪÀԜʂۺڷͿۚó
ǣࢍǦɰ. ̚ॢ, ьࣷۚغڷͿ ۍॢ ࠞқݕ ܼ -100
, -10 GۓۙۆҼڱʪࡾóǣࢍǣдͿۦҙڮқݕ ьԦ Àɠ͟ۋÀۤ ࢁ ìڷͿ ߸܁ʽɰ.
ۋüäνѻۓʪқपфҙڮÀɠқݕҼڱ
Fig. 10ڹۚغѻͿқݕьԦݓ۾ڷͿҙࢢ0 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m, 200 m ̆رݕݓ۾قԴۆथŒۓʪۆ
ѩڦٮҙڮÀɠқݕҼڱںǣࢍǴ϶, ѹϸࠞқݕۆ
ąڍÀڬŔρۋ϶цɱۆąڍÀFig. 10ۋɰ. थŒۓ ʪəφʂŔ॒͒Ϳश֨ॠٕɰ. ࠞқݕۆąڍ, ڦ࠘
ق ěćػۋ қݕьԦڙڷͿҙࢢ ϥرݗս -100 G ф-10 GۓۙۆҼڱڹۻъۺڷͿݒÀॠČەəъ ϸ, थŒۓʪۆ ۋə̤ॠó ǣࢍǣݓ ؍Č ەɰ.
Ā
ĶǴʂɳϸԵধԵġԓǴ˥܆ۤҼԐڌق˰δۚ
غঞąқԵфমڱۺқݕ܃رѓ؋ۆυʹںڦ३ۚ
غėÂǴҙڮқݕȬʪфۓʪқԵ, ࠞқݕۦҙڮ
ÀɠՁқԵںॠČ˥܆ϔٍۆȬʪε߸܁қԵॢĀ ęε څأॠϸ ɰڼę Ïɰ.
1. ÚǴ˥܆ۤҼÀʴܼ, ۚغėÂǴ -10 ȝm ড়Ձқ ݕۆ Ȭʪə ߎėۚغ֨ 0.620.69 mg/m3, ۺۦۚ
غ֨0.560.93 mg/m3 ܁ʪͿĶǴġԓ҃؋Ѫ(50 ܓۚغۤۆϤݓǨρ)قԴ܃֨ॠəॴڌȬʪεߣ ęॠݓə؍əɰ. Ŕ͠ǣ, -1 ȝm ѩڦۆқݕڹʂҙ қ˥܆ۤҼͿҙࢢ ѕʼə ϔٍڷͿ ěʼؽɰ.
2. ÚǴşΪǣѕşսÚٽҙঞąۋ˥܆ϔٍڷͿ֮Á ॠó ١ّʽ ìڷͿ ߸܁ʼǣ ĶǴ ġԓ҃؋Ѫقə
ÚǴϔٍقʂॢő܃࠘ǣϔٍۆࠑ܁ѓѪۋػɰ.
ࠪ֟ࡀۋ˚ےऄࢢεۋڌॠيࠄॢҙڮқݕۆȬ ʪٮ ۓʪқԵں ࣀॠي ϔٍۆ Ȭʪε߸܁ॠٕɰ.
ϔٍۆ߸܁Ȭʪə0.3801.620 mg/m3 ۋ϶, ۋì ڹ йĶ(MSHA)ۆ ÚǴ ϔٍ ő܃Ȭʪşܵ 0.160 mg/m3ں֮ÁॠóߣęॠəսܵۋдͿėॡۺڷͿ ǣ܃ʪۺڷͿÚǴۆϔٍں܃رॠşڦॢȤͳۋ
֨ś০ څĵʽɰ.
ܪઽ
2008țʴ؉ʂॡİėęʂॡۙڙėॡę ėॡԐ
2010țʴ؉ʂॡİʂॡڙقȃݓۙڙ ėॡę ėॡԵԐ
ইۦ ʴ؉ʂॡİ قȃݓۙڙėॡę чԐę܁
(E-mail; [email protected])
୨ָก
2012țʴ؉ʂॡİėęʂॡۙڙėॡ ę ėॡԐ
ইۦ ʴ؉ʂॡİ قȃݓۙڙėॡę ԵԐę܁
(E-mail; [email protected])
ଲ
2011ț ʴ؉ʂॡİėęʂॡۙڙėॡę ėॡԐ
ইۦ ʴ؉ʂॡİ قȃݓۙڙėॡę ԵԐę܁
(E-mail; [email protected])
ଲఢ
1978țԴڐʂॡİėęʂॡۙڙėॡę
ėॡԐ
1983țйĶङ֬Ѯɦ؉ܳςʂॡİʂ ॡڙۙڙঞąėॡфOR ėॡԵԐ 1986țйĶङ֬Ѯɦ؉ܳςʂॡİʂ ॡڙۙڙঞąėॡфOR ėॡчԐ
ইۦ ʴ؉ʂॡİ قȃݓۙڙėॡę İս (E-mail; [email protected])
ۆ υʹۋڅĵʽɰ.
4. ҙڮʽқݕڹʂɳϸÚʪۆՁԜৠԵۋڌۋॠ ݓ؍ڷ϶, ࠞÌ̚ə߿ʮقۆॠيࠞʼşۻūݓ
Ԝɾäνεҙڮॢɰ. -10 ȝm ѩڦۆҙڮқݕܼق əϔٍۋÀۤڮ३ॢқݕڷͿÚǴۚغڙۆȤ
ں߯ՙজॣսەəѓ؋ۋ֨ś০υʹʼرآॠ϶, ÚǴ܃رÀۋΘرݓݓ؍ںąڍÚĵεࣀॠيʂ ş ܼڷͿ ѕʼر ܳѺ ঞą١ّЛ܃ʪ ֮Áॠó
ڮьॠó ʽɰ. ˰͆Դ ĶǴ ġԓ҃؋Ѫق ۚغėÂ
Ǵ˥܆ϔٍȬʪقʂॢő܃Ȭʪε֨ś০प॥ॣ
ज़څÀەɰČ ࣺɳʽɰ.
320, pp. 21-24.
Grau, R.H. G and Krog, R.B., 2009, Ventilating large opening mines, NIOSH, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 1-7.
McGinn, S., 2007, “Controlling Diesel Emissions in Under- ground Mining within an Evolving Regulatory Structure in Canada and the United Stated of America,” Queensland Mining Industry Health and Safety Conference.
Shankar, S. and Ramani, R.V., 1991, “Re-entrainment of Fine Particulates in Mine Airways,” Proceedings of the 5th US Mine Ventilation Symposium, Y.J. Wang, Ed., pp.
253-262.
