A CFD A NALYSIS ON E FFECTS OF I CE A CCRETIONS ON C HARACTERISTICS OF S TALL AND D RAG IN A IRFOIL A ERODYNAMICS

洛ࣜ昷ࣜ匶ࣨ^࣭ࣜ柦ࣜ昷ࣜ愂ࣨ^࣭ࣜ律ࣜ噾ࣜ柦ࣨ^ࣦ࣮ࣜ浶ࣜ痢ࣜ筞^࣮

A CFD A NALYSIS ON E FFECTS OF I CE A CCRETIONS ON C HARACTERISTICS OF S TALL AND D RAG IN A IRFOIL A ERODYNAMICS

S.K. Jung,

S.M. Shin,

R.S. Myong

and T.H. Cho

The aerodynamic performance of aircraft in icing condition can deteriorate considerably by contamination of aerodynamic and propulsive systems due to icing accretions on aircraft surfaces. A computational analysis based on the Eulerian description was performed on an airfoil to investigate effects of ice accretions on airfoil aerodynamics.

A water droplet with liquid water concentration (0.00075ƉƅîƋ

) and mean volume diameter (20łƋ) was considered and applied to various angles of attack to investigate the stall angle decrease and the drag increment.

Key Words : CFD Icing Accretion Stall Angle Drag

* Corresponding author, E-mail: myong@gnu.ac.kr

1.

,

(Freezing Rain)

, Windshield .

, .

, , , ,

, ,

, Pitch-Over

. FAR ,

.

, , , Windshield

, ,

[1-6].

NASA LEWICE

, ONERA,

DRA LEWICE TRAJICE

. CANICE

BOMBARIDIER .

[7,8].

CFD

.

2.

.

(Liquid Water

Concentration; LWC), (Mean Volume

Diameter; MVD), ,

.

.

5:

ॢĶۻԓڮߕėॡধ

⟌#4#ᯌ㐌❕###########

Ŗ
ಆ
⧕
ᕾ

Fig. 1 Flowchart of numerical simulation

Lagrangian Eulerian

. Lagrangian Eulerian

,

. LEWICE Lagrangian ,

Eulerian FENSAP-ICE

[9].

,

.

.

, ,

. Fig. 1

.

,

Navier-Stokes ,

Spalart-Allmaras .

.

ćŞƒ

Şķâ x _

Þ

ß

ćŞƒ

ŞÞķćĈ®_Ƃß

â_ x

ã

ä

á ćÏѤ

œ_«ƃ_Ƃ

ķ

Þ

ß

Þ

ß

ķ ćĈ®Ƃ LWC .

.

œ_á

Þ

ß ^Þ

^ß

œ_á ×íÑ, for «ƃ_Ƃð ÎÐ××

(2) ¤

Froude .

¤_{á ć}

ÎÕ¥tł_ſ Ň_ƂƂ^ϯſìt

, Ÿ_{Ɛ á ć}

ö

^{®ſì t}

.

2.1

.

ĸ_ƒƍƒá ć¥tÏ

õ

ĸ áà ķćĈ®Ƃ_ ćĈƌ .

.

2.2

Glaze Rime . Glaze

Heat

Flux . Rime

,

Heat Flux

. Glaze

5; ⟌#4#ᯌ㐌❕

Reference Flow Glaze Icing

¯t ÖÒíÏÏƋîƑ ¥°œ ×íÔÒƅîƋ^Ð

©t Î××Ɖ©ſ ¦¯ Ï× łƋ

­_t ÏÓÏíÕÒ¤ ­_{t à ÎÒ}

«ƃ ÏíОâ ×Ó ­ƇƋƃ Ï À¼Áí

ķ × g Ï×Ţ ķ × g Ï×Ţ

Table 1 Reference flow and glaze icing conditions

Fig. 3 Comparisons of iced airfoils on the various angle of attacks Fig. 2 Comparisons of collection efficiency on the various angle of

attacks

,

.

Ň_Ƅƙ Ɯ

ƚ

ރ ŞƆ_Ƅ

â x _

Þ

ß

ƞ

á®t_¥°œ_ ĸ à ùƋƃƔƍƎà ùƋƇƁƃ

ŇƄ

ƙ Ɯ

ƚ

ćŞƒ

ŞƆ_ƄƁ_Ƅ­Ƅ

â x _

Þ

ß

ƞ

á ƙ

Ɯ

ƚ

Ï

ç

ç

Ɲ

ƞ

(5)

à ×íÒÞ¥_ƃƔſƎâ¥_{ƑƓ ƀƊ}ß ùƋ_ƃƔſƎâ Þ¥_ƄƓƑƇƍƌà Ɓ_Ƒ­ß ùƋ_ƇƁƃ

â ňĻ

Þ

ß

Anti-Icing , (5) ªſƌƒƇ à ƇƁƇƌƅ

ć®_Ƅ ^ćĈ®_ƄÞƖìƗß .

ć®ƄÞćĈƖìƗß á ćƆ_Ƅ

Î

õ

á ćÏł_Ƅ

ƆƄ ćĈʼn_ſìƕſƊƊÞćĈƖß à ćÐł_Ƅ ƆƄÏ

Þ

ŞƎâ Ň_ƄćĈƅ_ ćĈƖ

ß

ćĈ®ƄÞćĈƖìƗß á ćłƗ ćĈ_ƄʼnſìƕſƊƊÞćĈƖß à ćł_Ƅ Ɨ^Ï

Þ

ŞƎâ ŇƄćĈƅ_ ćĈƖ

ß

Ň_Ƅì Ɓ_Ƅì Ɓ_Ƒì ň ì Ļ ì¤_Ƒì¥_ƃƔſƎì¥_{ƑƓ ƀƊ}ì¥_ƄƓƑƇƍƌ .

.

3.

NACA0015 , Glaze

.

Table 1 , 5 , C

.

0 20 4

. Fig. 2 Fig. 3

.

. Fig. 4 Fig. 5

. 15

5<

ॢĶۻԓڮߕėॡধ

⟌#4#ᯌ㐌❕###########

Ŗ
ಆ
⧕
ᕾ

Fig. 4 Comparison of lift coefficients of clean and iced airfoils

Fig. 5 Comparison of drag coefficients of clean and iced airfoils

8

. Fig. 5

, Fig. 4 Fig. 5

.

.

4.

Glaze Clean

, .

ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian)

.

,

50%

300% .

.

“

Icing ”

.

[1] 2000, Aircraft icing handbook, The Civil Aviation Authority, New Zealand.

[2] 2000, Gent, R.W. et al, Aircraft Icing, Phil. Trans. R. Soc.

Lond. A., 358, pp. 2873-2911.

[3] 2006, Potapczuk, M. and Wright, W., "SLC simulation capabilities with LEWICE," NASA Report.

[4] 2006, Gent, R.W., "SLD modeling in the UK,"

NASA/ONERA.

[5] 2005, Bragg, M.B. et al., "Iced-Airfoil Aerodynamics," Prog.

Aerospace Sciences, Vol.41, pp.323-362.

[6] 1998, Kind, R.J. et al., "Experimental and computational simulation of in-flight icing phenomena," Prog. Aerospace Sciences, Vol.34, pp.257-345.

[7] 2008, 3 , “

,” KSAS08-1426.

[8] 2008, 2 , “2 ,”

KSAS08-2111.

[9] NTI Solutions User Manual, Newmerical Technologies Int.

63 ⟌#4#ᯌ㐌❕