주요 대도시 알레르기 질환 유병률 변화와 대기오염과의 관련성 - 지역 용도를 고려한 19세 이하 주민 대상 -
이지호*
†· 오인보** · 김민호*** · 방진희** · 박상진**** · 윤석현* · 김양호*
*울산대학교 의과대학 직업환경의학교실
**울산대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터
***이대목동병원 이화융합의학연구원
****순천향 대학교 천안병원 직업환경의학과
Change in the Prevalence of Allergic Diseases and its Association with Air Pollution in Major Cities of Korea
- Population under 19 Years Old in Different Land-use Areas -
Jiho Lee *
†, Inbo Oh **, Min-ho Kim***, Jin Hee Bang**, Sang Jin Park****,
1
Seok Hyeon Yun *, and Yangho Kim*
*Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
**Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
***Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine
****Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, University of Soonchunhyang, College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The association of air pollution levels and land-use types with changes in the prevalence of allergic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis) was investigated for seven metropolitan cities in Korea
Methods: Data on daily hospital visits and admissions (of those under 19 years old) for 2003-2012 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Cooperation. Meteorological data on daily mean temperature, humidity, and air pressure were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Daily mean or maximum concentration data for five pollutants (PM
10, O
3, NO
2, SO
2, and CO) as measured at air quality monitoring sites operated by the Ministry of Environment were used. We estimated excess risk and 95%
confidence intervals for the increasing interquatile range (IQR) of each air pollutant using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) appropriate for time series analysis.
Results: In this study, we observed a significant association between the IQR increases of air pollutants and the prevalence risk of allergic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis) in all metropolitan cities after adjusting for temperature, humidity, and air pressure at sea level. Among the air pollutants, NO
2and PM
10were associated with the prevalence of asthma, and O
3was associated with only allergic conjunctivitis in regression analysis. However, in GAM analysis considering land-use, O
3and SO
2were associated with allergic conjunctivitis, PM10, O3, NO2, and CO were associated with allergic rhinitis, and PM
10, O
3and NO
2were associated with asthma in industrial area.
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