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항공분야의 ੋҕ૑מ

현 우 ศ 㽅᝖⬚⬅ᳩ㽂᜹ ⭵㻭㲡パ⾝㽂ᛥ

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•›Œ““ŽŒ•›G”ˆŠ•ŒšGž›G”•”ˆ“Gœ”ˆ•G•›Œ™Œ•›–•UGhpGšGˆG›–—ŠG‹–”•ˆ›•ŽG‹Œ™šŒG‹šŠœšš–•šG–•G›ŒG

œ›œ™ŒG –G —™–Œšš–•ˆ“G Œ”—“– ”Œ•›SG Šˆ•ŽŒG •G ›ŒG š–Šˆ“G š›ˆ•‹ˆ™‹G ˆ•‹G ŒŠ–•–”ŠG —Œ™–™”ˆ•ŠŒUG p•G ›šG

—ˆ—Œ™SG pG ‹ŒšŠ™‰ŒG œ•‹ˆ”Œ•›ˆ“G Š–•ŠŒ—›šG œ•‹Œ™“ •ŽG hpG ˆ•‹G ›Œ™G šŽ•Šˆ•ŠŒG ›–G ˆ™–œšG Œ“‹šG •Š“œ‹•ŽG

ˆˆ›–•Gˆ•‹G”Œ‹Š•ŒUGpGŽ“Ž›GššœŒšG•–“Œ‹Gˆ•‹G‹ŒšŠ™‰ŒG›ŒG—–›Œ•›ˆ“G”—ˆŠ›šGˆ•‹GŠˆ““Œ•ŽŒšG›–G

›ŒG •‹œš›™ˆ“G Œ“‹šUG ~“ŒG ”ˆ• G ‰Œ•Œ›šG ˆ™ŒG ŒŸ—ŒŠ›Œ‹G •G œ”ˆ•G “ŒG ž›G hpG •›ŒŽ™ˆ›–•SG —™–‰“Œ”šG ˆ™ŒG

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접수: 2019년 8월 4일, 심사완료일: 2019년 8월 11일 교신저자: 현우석

우 01757 서울시 노원구 동일로 214길 32 한국성서대학교 컴퓨터소프트웨어학과 Tel: 02-950-5504, Fax: 070-4275-0164 E-mail: [email protected]

I. 서 ౴

᠙ᚭ⾹㎩᲎ㄭ❩⿕㽁⿕ㅡᗭᳩⳉ ⾝∍ゝ┡㈅ọㄭ㽝ᚙ㽑 ㄥ≅ⵑㅡᗭ⫆䁅ㄭ 㿪ⳉ㇪ㄥ≅ᘅ⬉㽁ᛉㅹ㽁ᱽᙬㄩㅡ⍁ㅁ

」ↁḅ⿥スㅁ㽁᪁ㅝ᳍. ១᷂⼱ㅁᛥ㽂★㇭ㅁᚙᛥ┥ㅡㅡᛞ

㎩᲎(artificial intelligence, AI)ᛥ ㅹ᷂䀽(automation)ᱽ ㅝ⇕㽅

⿥スㄭ㽝ᚙ㽝㋭Ⰱㅱᱽ᠙Ⰹ≅⬅ 㝅៥⾹ℑᙙゝᛩⳕㄭ ☄ᛉ

ㅱ᳍.

㎩᲎ㅁ⪕㇭㇪ㅁ◡ᱽ⛡᲎⾹Ἑ⍝㎩⼳ᛉㅝ㽝㽁ᛉ⪕ᛉ㽁

⿕ ⾝ᾍ ㅥㄭ 㽁ᱽ ᙬㄭ ㅁ◡㽅᳍. 㝅㛱ㅁ ⳍを䀽 㣝㻑㬙ㅡ

ENIACㅝ 㚁ㄵ ᘅ★ḁᵁ1940ᬭᳩ ㅝ䂭≅ ㎩Ⳇ ㅹ⊵⾹ 㣝㻑

㬙⍥ㅝを㽅⿙⪙ᛥㇾㄭㄞ㽒㽁⿕ㅡᗭㅁ ㎩᲎ㄭ⛡ᾉ⛝∍ᱽ

ⳅᶭọㅝ ㅱ⾱᳍. ㍲ ᳢ⳅ⾹ ㅝ◡ Ⰱ㽂 ᚭ⪙ Ớ⾹⬅ ㅡᗭㅁ

䃑⼕᲎ᗩ㽁ᱽ㣝㻑㬙ㅁ ᲎∎ㄭ⛝ᛉㅝ⍥ ★㇭ⳅ㪍⑝㣝㻑㬙 ᶭ㎩᲎ㄭᗩ㎱ ⰁㅱㄭᙬㅝⅥᱽ ㋥ㆎ⾹ᛩⳕㄭᗿᙵḁ⾱᳍.

⿕᠙⾹ 㛱㘦᠙ 㛱⬆ㄭ ⎵ỉ ㅝᱽ ⿪᝖ㅁ ⽑⇙ 㲅⎪(Alan

Turing)ㅝ᳍. 㲅⎪ㄩ゙⬉㎩᲎⾹ᳩ㽅㠊ㇾᗩ᲎㽅ㇾㅁ⍥⎵

ọ⾱ㄥ⑙ ㅝ⍥㲅⎪㬵ⲍ㲡Ⅵᛉ 㽁⿕ㅡᗭᛥ㣝㻑㬙⍥ ᝕❭㽁 ᱽᵙ ㅝを㽁⿩᳍[1]. ㅝᱽ ᗭ᳑䅱 ⬍⑮㽁⑝ ㎩᲎ ⿕❩⍥ 㳹⚭

㽁ᱽᙩ⪕ㅹᗩ㣝㻑㬙〩⪕ⅵㄭ᝕❭㽉 Ⰱ ⾯ᱽ⪪㫅⾹⬅⒑ḹ

⾹ᙵ ┝ㅺロ≅㎱┡ㄭᵁ㎩ᛉ⽺㒦⾹⬅ᳩ᳞ㄭ☄⼭⬅ 㣝㻑㬙

〩 ⪕ⅵㄭ᝕❭㽉Ⰱ⾯ᱽㇾᶭᗩḁ⑝ ᳩ᳞⾹㘡⿕㽅㣝㻑㬙 ᶭ㎩᲎ㄭᗩ㎩ᛉㅱ᳍ᛉ㳹᳑㽁ᱽᙬㅝ᳍. AIᱽ㎩᲎ㄭᗩ㎭

ㅡᗭㅁ 㽲᷂ㄭ ⒑☒㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ᠙ᚭⅥᛉ ㇾㅁ㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽᵙ

1956ᬭ⾹ ◡᝖ ᳍㲡␡ⲍ ᳩ㽂⒑ㅭ⾹⬅ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅝⅥᱽ を⾝

⍥ ⪕を㽁⑝⬅ ㅝ ⳅㇹㄭ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ⿙᝕ㅁ ⳅㅺㇹㄥ≅ ⛡᳍.

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎⿙᝕ᱽStrong AI〩Weak AI≅᪁ᯭ⾝⛥Ⰱㅱ᳍.

Strong AIᱽ ⪕ⅵᛥ ᘂㄩ ㇾᶭㅁ ㅡ㎩∎ㄭ ⛝ㅝᱽ ⪪㫅≅⬅

㝽≉, ┡㈅㽝ᚙ, ᚭ䁶 Ớㅁ ᲎∎ㅝち⾹ ㅹ⼭ㅁⳆ, ᗹㇾ, ⽺ⳕ

Ớㅁ ㅡᗭ㇪ぽ⭵ọᠵ㎩ᗩ㎩⑙ ᚦ㿁᠙☁㽂Ⲟ᲎∎ㅝ 㪪ソ㽁

᳍. ㍲ⳍ㈅⪕ᛉ⍥㮞㽁⿕┡㈅⍥㽝ᚙ㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ♽をAIㅡ

ᙬㅝ᳍. ☁⑝Weak AIᱽ㲢ㇾ┡㈅⾹ ᝖㽅ḅ㽝ᚙ᲎∎ㄭᗿᱽ

ㇾᶭ⍥ ㅁ◡㽅᳍(artificial narrow intelligence). ⼵㳵ᛉ〩 ᘂㅝ

◽Ḻ⾹⎵ 㲢䀽ḅAIᗩWeak AIㅁᳩ㹅㇪ㅡ⿱ㅝᛉ ⲍ㪩サ㍱

Ớㅁ ᛞ⪪ᛥ㽂⿪䀽⾹Ớㆎ㽁ᱽ⎵᲎≅⛰ㄩStrong AI⾹ᗩᡆ

᳍ᛉ㽉Ⰱㅱ᳍. Strong AI ❭⽥ᱽ ⼭㎪ㄩᗱᠡㅝ␥❭⽥ㅝ

 ㎂␮ẛ

ͷΚΘ͑͑͟͢͟΄ΥΒΘΖΤ͑ΠΗ͑ͲΣΥΚΗΚΔΚΒΝ͑ͺΟΥΖΝΝΚΘΖΟΔΖ͟

ᛉ 㿭㆕ㅁAI⿙᝕ᱽ 㲢ㇾ ┡㈅⍥ 㽝ᚙ㽁᠙ ロ㽁⿕ ㅡᗭㅁ ㅡ

㎩᲎∎ㄭㅥ❩ 䄲᪝᪝ᱽⰁ㋩ㅁweak AIᗩᳩ❩❭ㅝ᳍. ㅝち

⾹㛱ㅡᛞ㎩᲎(artificial super intelligence)ㄩ ᛥ㽂᠙Ⰹ⦹⼭Ჱ

Ⅵ, ⪕䁵㇪ ᲎∎ ᠵ㎩ ㅡᗭㅁ ᲎∎ㄭ ⒑ỉ ⑝⾹⬅ 㛱ソ㽁ᱽ

ㅡᗭ⛝᳍ ⏍゙ ゙ソ㽅 ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅝ᳍(Fig. 1) [2]. 」ᲁ᪉AI᠙ Ⰹㄩⲍ⎱㲡㷙ㅝ᪁ᘅㅡを㣝㻑㬙Ớㄭ㮞㽁⿕ ㅝ◡ⳍ⫆䁅⾹

⎷ㅝ 䁅をḁᛉ ㅱ᳍. Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant Ớㅝ ゙⎕

㋥⚩⾹⬅ 䄽䅱 ⛥ Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ⿱ọㅝ᳍. Ό㽅 ㅹㄑ㋥㽲㘑 Ớᛥ

ᘂㄩ ゝ⮊Ⰱ᳑, 㽖ᛞ❩┡, ᙵㅭ ⪙⾮ Ớ⾹⬅ ⳍを䀽ḁᛉ ㅱㄥ

⑙ 㝅៥⾹ᱽ ㅁ⊵❩┡⾹ᠵ㎩ ⳉ⭶䅱 䀾ᳩḁᛉ ㅱ᳍.

㝅៥⾹ ⿙ᛩḅ ᠙☁ ᛥ㽂 ᠙Ⰹㅁ ★㇭⾹ ἙⅥ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎⾹

ᳩ㽅ᛩⳕㅝℑᙙサ㎩ᛉ ㅱㄥ⑙, ⿙᝕ⳍ⾹⎵␡┝⍝㎩⼳ᛉⳍ

⫆䁅⾹䀾⪙ḁ⾝ᴽ ㅝ⪪᪗⬉を⾝ᗩ⼭Ჱ᳍. ⛡᭥┡⾹⬅ᱽ

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ⿖⪕◸ ᠙⛡᠙Ⰹọㄭ⪝㶝⛝ᛉ㽖ᛞ◸ㅁ㽂 ❭

⽥⍥ ㋺ⳕㄥ≅ 㝅៥ㅁ 䁅を ⿱ọㄭ ⪝㶝⛝ᛉㅹ 㽅᳍.

II. 본 ౴ ՇՄԶ⒄ਁ⛌ྱ⑤Զ⋹ᶸ

1950ᬭᳩAIㅁᘅᬹㅝ⫆᠝ㅝↁ≅ ⿙ᛩḅ᠙Ⰹọᛥ ㄞ㽒㽁

⑝⬅᳍⽺㽁ᙵ★㇭㽁᠙ ⳅㅺ㽱᳍. 㛱᠙⾹㣝㻑㬙ᗩ⛞ㆊ㽅Ⰱ 㽂ᚭ⪙⎵ㄭ㇭ᬹ㽁᳍ᗩ ᳍⍡をᶭ≅ᶭ⪕をㅝ ᗩ᲎㽁᳍ᱽᘅ

ᬹㅝ⫆᠙⑝⬅ㅝᙬㄭ᝕㿭㽁᠙ロ㽅㣝㻑㬙⾡⾝≅⬅LISPㅝ

1958ᬭ⾹★㹅ḁ⾱ᛉ 」ↅ᠙ᗭㅡᛞ㎩᲎⾡⾝≅ㅹ⎕⏍ᠩ㽝

〽᳍[3]. ⠭Ⲡ㽅ⳅ᠙⾹᳍Ⰱㅁㅹ⊵ㅮ∎ㄥ≅❩㬙㽁᪁ㅁᚙᛥ

⍥ ᪝⛝᪝ᱽ ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄭ ⪕を㽁ᱽPerceptronㅝ ᘅ★ḁ⾱᳍.

ㅝᙬㄩ ⿙⪙⾹ ⳍ㈅ ᮵⍥ ᝕⬚㽁ᱽ ⳉᚦ ⬡㷕 ᱝ⇙ㅁ ᷂ㅺᛥ

ㄉ⪕㽁ᙵ ᛉ⼱ḁ⾱ᱽᵙ 㽂Ⲟ᲎∎ㄭ ᗩ㎭ ᠙᠙≅ ㋥⒒☄⼭⬅

ㅝ䂭 ⳉᚦ⏆⿙᝕⾹⎷ㅝㄺをḁ⾱᳍[4]. 1961ᬭ⾹ᱽNewellᛥ

Simon⾹ ㅁ㽁⿕ Ⰱ᳑-⒒㹅❭⬆(means-ends analysis, MEA)ㄭ

ㅝを㽅┡㈅㽝ᚙ⿙᝕☒♾ㅝㅡᛞ㎩᲎⿙᝕⾹ ㈅⼱ḁ⾱᳍[5].

ㅝ☒♾ㄩㅡᗭㅁ᠙⛡㇪ㅡ┡㈅㽝ᚙ☒♾ㄭ⛡ℕᙬㅡᵙ ㋥⾝

㎭ ┡㈅⾹⬅ 㿭㆕ ⪪㫅〩 ⒒㹅 ⪪㫅 ⪕ㅝㅁ 㘑ㅝ⍥ ᚭ⪙㽁ᛉ

⿕᠙⾹ᘅㅮ㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ ㉙ㅺㅹ⍥ḹ⾝⬅ㅝ⍥ 㮞㽁⿕Ⰵ㘑㇪ㄥ

≅ ㅝ ḹ ⪪㫅ㅁ 㘑ㅝ⍥ 㝅⭵䀽㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᙵ ⿙⪙ㄭ ☁⛞㽁ᱽ

ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝ ☒♾ㄩ ┡㈅ 㽝ᚙ ☒⼱⾹ ⎷ㄩ ᶭォㄭ ㋥⾱ㄥ᪁

㽝ᚙ㽝⽥㽁ᱽ ┡㈅ᗩ⎷⼭㎩⑝⬅ 㼭ぽ㽅␽⒑⎕ᗩ᠙㽁៲Ⰱ㇪

ㄥ≅ 㣍㎩ᙵḁ⾝㇪を㽁᠙ᗩ⾝∍サ㈵᳍. ㅝ⾹ἙⅥ ⿕⇕┡

㈅⍥㽅♱⾹ㅥ☁㇪ㄥ≅㽝ᚙ㽁ᱽᙬ⛝᳍ᱽ㲢ㇾ┡㈅⾹㎺㋺

㽁⿕ 㽝ᚙ㽁ᱽ☒♾ㅝ⒑⪲ḁ⾱ᛉ1970ᬭᳩ㛱☁⾹ ᪁】㇭┡

ᗩⳅⲍ㭅(expert system)ㅝᳩ㹅㇪ㄥ≅ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ᠙Ⰹㅁㄺを

❭⽥ ㋺⾹⬅ ᗩㆎ 䁅★㽁ᙵ ㄺをḁᛉ ㅱᱽ ❭⽥ㅝ᳍[6].

1980ᬭᳩ⾹ᱽ䀾⍉ㅝ≉ᛥᱽ ᳍⍝ᙵ⽉⏍㽅ㇾ⛝⍥ ㇾ↲䀽 㽁⿕ 㹅㿭㽁ᱽ 㵥㎩ㅝ≉(fuzzy theory)ㅝ ★㇭ḁ⾱᳍. ㅝ⍥ ㄺ を㽁⿕ ㅡᗭㅁ ⪕ᛉ ᲎∎⾹ ᗩᠵゝ ᠙᲎ㄭ ᝕㿭㽁ᱽ ⿙᝕ᗩ

䁅★㽁ᙵ ㎭㽲ḁᛉㅱㄥ⑙, ᗩ㇭㈅㹱, ㅹ᷂㈅⾝❭⽥⾹ㄺを㽅

㈅㹱ọㅝ㞅㿭㽁⿩᳍[7]. ⫆┥㽂㇪㎭䀽⒑ᵡ⾹⬅ 㘒⼱㽅㎭䀽

⿙⪙᠙♾ᶭ ᘅ★ḁ⾝ ㄺを Ⰱ㽂❭⽥⾹⬅ ⪕を㽁ᱽ ㉙㽒 㝅㇪

䀽┡㈅⍥ ㋥≅ ᳍⋕᳍. 1990ᬭᳩ 䀾⍉≉ㄭ ᶭㅮ㽅 䀾⍉ ១ↁ 㻭⒑ᵡㅝᘅ★ḁ⑝⬅ᳩを↲⚩Ⰱọㅁ⛞ㆊ㽅⪪䀡ᛩᚭᶭ ㉙

◩㽁ᙵ 㹅㿭㽉Ⰱㅱᙵḁ⾱ᱽᵙ≅⛰ᛞ㽂, ㅁ⊵㎭᳑❭⽥ Ớ⾹

⬅㋺ぽ㽅᠙Ⰹㅝḁ⾱᳍[8]. 2000ᬭᳩọ⾝⬅ᱽ㿭㆕ㅁㅡ㬙 ᬠᛥ ᘂㄩ❭⪙䁁ᚦ⾹⬅モ┡⬅, 㳵ㅥ, ⬅⠭ⲍỚㅁ⎕⭵ⲍ⍥

␽㪩 ᵙㅝ㬙≅ᯭ㇪ⳅ㪍⑝ㇾ⛝〩ㅹス⪕ㅝㅁᛩᚭ-ㅁ◡ㇾ⛝

⍥ 㣝㻑㬙ᗩ㚁⎕㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ】㮑≅㎩㿾㫅≅ 㹅㿭㽁ᛉ, 㣝㻑 㬙ᗩ ㅝ⇙ㅹスㄭㅝ㽝㽁⿕ 㼭ぽ㽅⬅⠭ⲍ⍥㎩᲎㇪ㄥ≅ㅝを 㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ⳅ⑁㳚 モ(semantic web)᠙Ⰹᶭ ⭵ᘅḁ⾱᳍[9].

ᳩ↲ㅁᵙㅝ㬙≅❩㬙⪱≖ᛉㅁ◡ㅱᱽ ㇾ⛝⍥㝽㞅㽁ᱽᵙ ㅝ㬙 ⎱ㅝ᳆(data mining) ᶭ᝕ọᶭ ㅝ ⳅᳩ⾹ ⭶⭶ ᘅ★ḁ⾱

᳍. ⼭ァ⇕⠮ᵙㅝ㬙⍥㚁⎕㽉 ⰁㅱᱽAI⿙᝕ᶭ᷂ⳅ⾹⎷ㄩ

★㇭ㅝ ㅱ⾱᳍.

ՈՄԶ⒄ਁ⛌ྱԶ੸ḽ଼ἬԶ

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅝⅩ ㅡᗭㅝᗩ㎭㎩ᗪ, 㽂Ⲟ, 㝽≉, ㅹ⿙⾡⾝ 㚁⎕

Ớㅁ ᲎∎ㄭ㣝㻑㬙ᗩⳍ㽲㽉Ⰱㅱᶭ≆⎵ỉ 㻭≅១↑ㅝⅥᛉ

㽉Ⰱㅱ᳍. ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㄭ᝕⬚㽁ᱽ᠙Ⰹぽ⭵ọ≅ᱽ㪹⪲(search),

㎩Ⳇ㹅㿭(knowledge representation), 㝽≉(inference) 㽂Ⲟ(learning), ᚭ䁶Ⰱ⎦(planning) Ớㅝ ㅱㄥ⑙ ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ(machine learning), Ἆ⇕᳆(deep learning), ㅹ⿙⾝㚁⎕(natural language processing), ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆ(speech recognition), ⳅᗪㅡⳆ Ớ 㚑᳑᠙Ⰹㄭ ᘅ★㽁 ᱽ ☒㾎ㄥ≅ ★㇭ḁᛉ ㅱ᳍(Fig. 2).

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㄭ㽞ⳕ᠙Ⰹ≅ ⪕を㽁ᱽ㋥ぽ㽅 ❭⽥ọ≅ᱽ㇭┡

ᗩⳅⲍ㭅, ᵙㅝ㬙 ⎱ㅝ᳆, 㴑㬝ㅡⳆ(pattern recognition), ㅹ⿙

⾝ 㚁⎕, 㣝㻑㬙 ⠭㇭, ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆ, ≅⛰ᛞ㽂(robotics), ⾹ㅝ㇭㲡 (agent), ㅡᛞⳉᚦ⏆(artificial neural network), ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ ◸Ἆ⇕

᳆ Ớㅝ ㅱᱽᵙ ᗪ ᠙Ⰹọㄭ ᗭ᳑䅱 ⪝㶝⛝⑝ ᳍ㄵᛥ ᘂ᳍.

㇭┡ᗩⳅⲍ㭅ㄩ㲢ㇾ┡㈅⾹ᳩ㽁⿕ ㇭┡ᗩⰁ㋩ㅁ㽝ᚙ☒⼱

㋫ੳᬂ⋺ⓖ֨⓶ੳ✾ဣ 

ͷΚΘ͑ͣ͑͟͟汾击滆垫͑匶爎͑匶朦刂͑昢捊枪 笊筯͟

ㄭ㈅ᛞ㽁ᶭ≆㽁ᱽ ᙬㄭ⒒㹅≅㽁ᱽᵙ, ㎩Ⳇ㹅㿭❩❭ᛥៅ

㡂᠙☁ⳅⲍ㭅ㅡ㝽≉ ❩❭ㄥ≅᝕⬚ḅ᳍. ㍲ㅡᗭㅝ㲢ㇾ❭

⽥⾹ᳩ㽁⿕ᗩ㎩ᛉ ㅱᱽ㇭┡㇪ㅡ㎩Ⳇㄭ 㣝㻑㬙⾹ㅮ∎ⳅ㤅

⪪䀡ᳩ䀽⍥㮞㽁⿕ ᚙᛥ⍥⾤ᱽㅹ┡㿾ⳅⲍ㭅ㅝ᳍. ㅁ⊵❭

⽥⾹⬅㚁ㄵㄥ≅ᘅ★ḅ ㇭┡ᗩⳅⲍ㭅ㅡMYCINㄩㅝ❭⽥ㅁ

䂑ⳅ≅⬅ 䁁ㅹㅁ ᗹ⿥⚺ㄭ ㎭᳑㽁ᛉ 㽖៉㈅⍥ 㚁☒㽁⑝⬅ 㽝

᳢ḅᚙᛥ⾹ ᳩ㽅㝽≉ㄭ㹅㿭㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ ᳩ䀽㿾㻭≅១↑ㄥ≅

ㅡ⪪㇪ㅡ ㎭᳑ㇾ䀾ᶭ⍥⛝⿕㋥⾝⬅ㅝ䂭ㄉ⪕㽅ㅁ㽂㻭≅១

↑ ᘅ★ㅁ㛱⬆ㅝḁ⾱᳍[10]. ㅝ ㇭┡ᗩⳅⲍ㭅ㄩ⪪⾮㇪ㄥ≅

ᶭ ⿕⇕ ❭⽥⾹ 䁅★㽁ᙵ ㇪をḁ⾝ ㅁ⊵㎭᳑ ⳅⲍ㭅 ㅝち⾹

ㄉ᠙䀽㽒┥᝕㉙❭⬆, ᛺┥㪹⪕ ⳅⲍ㭅Ớㅝᘅ★ḁ⾱᳍. ㇭┡

ᗩⳅⲍ㭅 ᘅ★ᶭ᝕ㅡPrologᶭ ㅝ ⳅ᠙⾹ ᘅ★ḁ⾱᳍.

ᵙㅝ㬙⎱ㅝ᳆ㄩᳩ↲ㅁᵙㅝ㬙⾹⬅ㄉㅁ◡㽅 㴑㬝ㅝ᪁❭

⬆ᚙᛥ⍥ 㘧ᱽ ᙬㄥ≅ ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟㅝ᪁ 㮞ᚭ㽂 ᠙Ⰹㄭ ★㇭ⳅ㤅

ㇺ⒒㽅⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄭ⪕を㽅᳍. ⠮ᵙㅝ㬙⾹ᳩ㽅⎱ㅝ᳆ ᠙Ⰹㅝ

㋥⒒☄ᛉ ㅱㄥ⑙ ⫆┥㽂⾹⬅ ㄉ㇭㚝 ⠮ᵙㅝ㬙⾹⬅ ㅁ◡ ㅱᱽ

ㄉ㇭㚝 㴑㬝ㄭ ⼵⼭᪝ᱽᵙ ⪪᳢㽅 ⬚ᛥ⍥ 〕⎕ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

㴑㬝ㅡⳆㄩ┡ㅹ᪁ㄵ⬚ ⿪⪪, 㬶ⲍ㲡Ớㅁᵙㅝ㬙⾹⬅㴑㬝 ㅝ᪁ៅ㡂⬚ㄭ㘧ᱽ ᙬㄭ⎹㽅᳍. ᗭ᳑㽁ᙵᱽ ⲍ⎱㲡㷙⾹⬅ㅁ

㼭᠙㚝ㅡⳆ⾹⪕をḁᛉ ㆉⰁ㽑⾹⬅⭵᪁⍥ㅝを㽅 ㇪᝙㽑ㇾ

Ⳇ⚭◸㝽㇪ Ớ⾹ᶭㅮḁ⾝ⳅ㿁ḁᛉㅱ᳍. ⿪᝖ㅝ᪁㋺᝖⾹

⬅ᱽCCTV⿪⪪ㄭ 㴑㬝ㅡⳆ ᠙Ⰹㄭ ㅝを㽁⿕ ❭⬆㽁⿕ ᛞᛞ

ㆎ⭵⾹⬅ㅁ㬵⇕ロ㿺ㄭ ㉙᠙㪹㎩㽁ᱽᵙ䁅を㽁ᛉㅱ᳍. 㴑㬝 ㅡⳆ᠙Ⰹㅁ ᠙Ⰹぽ⭵ọ≅ᱽ Ἆ⇕᳆, ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ, 㣝㻑㬙 ⠭㇭, 䀾⍉⒑ᵡㅁ ᠙Ⰹọㅝ 䁅をḅ᳍.

ㅹ⿙⾝ 㚁⎕ᱽㅡᗭㅝㅝを㽁ᱽㅥ☁⾝⍥ ㅝ㽝㽁⿕⬅⠭ⲍ 㽁ᱽ ᠙Ⰹㅝ᳍. 䁵⪕⾹⬅⫆⪙ḁᱽ ┡⬅⍥ㅝ㽝㽁ᛉㅡᗭ⾹ᙵ

ぽ⽦㽁⿕⛝ᛉ㽉Ⰱㅱᱽᘅㅡ⠭⬅ㅁ⿖㽉ᶭ㽉Ⰱㅱㄭᙬㅝ᳍.

㣝㻑㬙 ⠭㇭ㄩ㣝㻑㬙⍥ ㅝを㽁⿕ㅝ◡㎩ ㅹ⊵⍥㚁⎕㽁⿕

㽝⬆ㅝ ᗩ᲎㽅 ⳅᗪ᠙᲎ㄭ ᗩ㎩ᱽ ᠙ᚭㆎ㡁⍥ ⎵ọ∍ᱽ ❭⽥

≅⬅⪪᳢䅱ⳍを䀽ḅ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ọㅝᘅ★ḁ⾝⪪を䀽ḁᛉㅱ᳍.

ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆㄩ 㣝㻑㬙ᗩ ㄵ⬚ㄭ ㅮ∎☄⼭ ㅡⳆ㽁ᛉ ┡ㆎㄥ≅

⚩䁁㽁ᱽ ᠙Ⰹㅝ᳍. ㅝ ᠙Ⰹㄩ ⿙⍅ㅝ 」ↁḅ ⿙᝕ ❭⽥≅⬅

ㅝ◡1990ᬭᳩ⾹᝖⪙䄝ᳩ㇭䀽⾹ᶭ᠙Ⰹㅝ 㪺㆕ḁ⾱⾱ᛉ㝅

៥⾹ᱽ ㇭Ⰹ㽅 ᘅㅡ ⠭⬅ 㻭≅១↑⾹⬅ ㋺ぽ㽅 ⿖㽉ㄭ 㽁ᛉ

ㅱㄥ⑙ ᗩ㇭㈅㹱⾹ᶭ 㪺㆕ḁ⾝ ⳍを䀽ḁᛉ ㅱ᳍.

≅⛰ᛞ㽂ㄩ᠙ᚭᛞ㽂, ㇭ㅹᛞ㽂, ㇾ⛝ᛞ㽂, 㣝㻑㬙ᛥ㽂Ớㅝ

㉮㽒㇪ㄥ≅ ⾝゙⇕㎭ ᛥ㽂᠙Ⰹ ❭⽥≅⬅ ㅡᗭㄭ ⛡ᾉ⬅ ㅡᗭ ㅝ 㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ㅥㄭ ᳩⳉ㽝 ㋭ Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ᠙ᚭ⍥ ⎵ễᱽ ᙬㅝ

⒒㹅ㅝ᳍. ⿕᠙⾹ᱽ㇭ㅹ᠙ᚭ ᠙Ⰹ(mechatronics), 㣝㻑㬙᠙Ⰹ, ᪁᭡ᛞ㽂, ⫆┥ᛞ㽂Ớㅝ⪕をḁ⑙⿕᠙⾹᳍⽺㽅AI ᠙Ⰹọᶭ

ㄞ㽒ḁ⾝ ㅱ᳍.

⾹ㅝ㇭㲡(Agent)ᱽ ㅡᗭㄥ≅❩㬙 ⑮∢ㄭ ☄⼭ ㅭ┝⍥ ㅹㄑ

㇪ㄥ≅㚁⎕㽝㋥ᱽⳅⲍ㭅ㄭ⎹㽅᳍. 㛱᠙⾹ᱽ᳑Ⰵ䅱ㅮ∎⾹

ᳩ㽁⿕ㇾ㽝㎭☁ㄺ⎵ㄭ㽁ᱽ᳑ᚭ⾹⬅⬥⬅⍥㮞㽁⿕ 䁁ᚦㄭ

ㅡ㎩㽁ᛉ ㅹⳉㅁ ㎩Ⳇᛥ ㇾ⛝⍥ ⪕を㽁⿕ 㽂Ⲟ㽁ᛉ ⒒㹅᳕⬚

ㄭ ロ㽅ᚭ䁶ᠵ㎩⬡サ⬅ⳍ㽲㽁ᱽ᳑ᚭ≅★㇭㽁ᛉ ㅱ᳍. ㅡ ᛞⳉᚦ⏆ㄩ⠭⬉㿾ㅹ⊵㚁⎕⾹⬅ㅹ⊵ㅮ㞅∎⾹⬅ ⬅≅⛞㽒㇪

ㅡ ᛩᚭᗩ⫆ᠡἵㅡ㚝᮵ㅁⳉᚦ⏆ᛥ ⠭Ⲡ㽅⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄭㅝ を㽅᳍. ㅥ㘑⿙⪙ḅᚙᛥᗩ㞒❭㽁㎩⼳ㄩᚦ゙ᱽ ᳍⍡⼵ᛉ

 ㎂␮ẛ

ͷΚΘ͑ͤ͑͟͟ͽΖΒΣΟΚΟΘ͑ΖΧΠΝΦΥΚΠΟ͑ΚΟ͑ΒΣΥΚΗΚΔΚΒΝ ΚΟΥΖΝΝΚΘΖΟΔΖ͟

⎕㎁ㄭ ㅝを㽁⿕ ᳍ⳅ ⿙⪙ㄭ ☁⛞㽁⿕ 㝅㉮ᚙ≉⾹ ᶭ᳕㽁ᙵ

ḅ᳍. ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟㄩㅡᗭㅁ ᮵〩ㄉ⪕㽁ᙵᚦ㿁ㄭ㝾㇪㽁⿕㽂Ⲟ ㄭ㽁ᙵḁᱽᵙ, ⪱≅ゝ㎩Ⳇㅝ⳼ㅝ⑝⪱≅ゝᚙㇾ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁

ㄭ ⫆⬚㽁⿕ ᚙ≉⾹ ᶭ᳕㽁ᙵ ḅ᳍.

Ἆ⇕᳆(ⳕ㠞㽂Ⲟ, deep learning, hierarchical learning)᠙Ⰹㄩ

⿕⇕⠭⬉㿾⚩䁁᠙♾ㅁ ㉙㽒ㄭ㮞㽝᳍↲ㅁᵙㅝ㬙⾹⬅㽞ⳕ

㇪ㅡ᪝をΌᱽ ᠙᲎ㄭぽ⽦㽁ᱽㅺ⾮ㄭ㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ᭻ㄩⰁ㋩

ㅁ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㅁ ㎺㽒ㅡᵙ, ⪕ⅵㅁ⪕ᛉ☒Ⳇㄭ 㣝㻑㬙

⾹ᙵ ᗩ⍝㡁ᱽ ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟㅁ 㽅 ❭⽥≅⬅ 㝅៥⾹ ᗩㆎ ᗪ᛺ㄭ

☄ᛉㅱᱽ᠙Ⰹㅝ᳍(Fig. 3). ㅝᱽ ㇭Ⰹ㽅ㅡᛞⳉᚦ⏆⿙᝕⾹⬅

㞅★㽅 ⿙᝕᠙♾ㅡᵙ 㝅៥⾹ ⠭⽦㇪ㅡ ★㇭ㄭ ㅝ⋑⾝⬅ ㅹ⿙

⾝㚁⎕, 㣝㻑㬙⠭㇭, ㅹ᷂ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆ, ⽦┥★ᚕ Ớ⪙⾮ᚭ⾹⬅

⎷ㄩ⬚ᛥ⍥᪝ᛉㅱ᳍[11]. ᝕㚝㇪ㄥ≅ 㝅៥⾹ⳍを䀽ḅ᠙Ⰹ

⬚ᛥ┥ọㄩIBM 〼ⲑ, ᝙⪕をⰁ⮊≅⛰Big Dog, ㅹ᷂♱⿖᠙,

㎩᲎㿾ᗩ㇭㈅㹱Ớㅝ⪪を䀽ḁᛉㅱᛉㅡᗭᛥㅁ⳶☒㾎⭵㮞 ㄭᗾ䀽㽅ChatBot (chatter bot) Ớㅝㅱ᳍[12]. ゙㩕Ⅵㅝ᪁⾹

⬅ᘅ★ḅEugene GoostmanㅝⅥᱽChatBotㄩ㇭Ⰹ㽅 㲅⎪㬵 ⲍ㲡⍥㝅㛱≅㮞ᛥ㽁⿕ ᭥Ⅹㄩㅱ⾱ㄥ᪁㎩᲎ㄭᗩ㎭ㅡᛞ㎩

᲎ChatBot ㄥ≅ ㅡㇾ☄⽁᳍[13]. ㅝ䂭 ⎱ㅝ㩕≅⭵㻭㲡⾹⬅

2016ᬭ⾹ᳩ䀽⪪ᳩ☒ㅁ⬚㾎ㄭ㽂Ⲟ㽁⿕ᳩ䀽㽁ᶭ≆⎵ọ⾝

㎭TayⅥᱽㅡᛞ㎩᲎ChatBotㄭ᪝᭼⽁ᱽᵙㅝᱽ⼮ㅁ㇪ㅡᳩ

䀽 㽂Ⲟ ἵ┡⾹ ᛐ ㋺᳑ḁ⾱᳍[14]. ㅝ ⪕ᙝㄩ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ❭⽥

⾹⬅ㅁㅡᗭᳩAI ᠙Ⰹ ⪕ㅝ⾹⬅ㅁㄍ⎕㇪ㅡ┡㈅ ★⫆ㅁᗩ

᲎⬚ㄭ ㅥᡑサ㋥ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

ՉՄԶ⒄ਁ⛌ྱ⑤Զ⩨ଈქ㊱

㝅៥ ゙⎕㋥⚩ㅁㅡᛞ㎩᲎⬅⠭ⲍᱽ㲢ㇾㅭ┝⎵Ⰱ㽲㽁ᱽ

ᗭ᳑㽅 ᙬ❩㬙 ♽を ㈅㹱⾹ ㅝ⍝᠙ᠵ㎩ ᳍⽺㽝㎩ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

ⲍ⎱㲡㷙ㅝ ㅡᛞ ㎩᲎ㅁ ⿪㾎ㄭ ᗩㆎ ␥㇩ ☄ㄩ ᠙᠙ㅁ 㽁 ᪁ㅝ᳍. ᳩ㹅㇪ㄥ≅ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆ◸ᘅㅡ⠭⬅⬅⠭ⲍ 㻭≅១↑ㄥ

≅ 〭⬚ᶭᱽ ᳍⍝㎩⎵ ᛺♽ロ㽁ᙵ ⪕をḁᛉ ㅱ᳍. ⿱⍥ ọ⑝

ㄵ⬚⾹ ㅁ㽁⿕ ㇾ⛝ ᙩ⪲ㄭ 㽁⑙ ㇭䀽ᶭ ᙡ Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ᙬㅝ᳍.

ㅝᙬㄭ ロ㽁⿕ ㄵ⬚ㅡⳆ, ㅹ⿙⾝ 㚁⎕, ㇾ⛝ᙩ⪲, 㝽≉ Ớㅁ

᳍⽺㽅 ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ᠙⛡᠙Ⰹọㅝ䁅をḁᛉㅱ᳍. 㝅៥ ᛞ㽖⾹

⎷ㅝᶭㅮḅ ᛞ㽖⼱᪝ᶭ゙◡⍥ 㽁ᱽ ᳩ䀽㿾ChatBot⾹ᱽロ ㅁ⿕⇕᠙Ⰹ⾹Ἆ⇕᳆᠙Ⰹᠵ㎩ ⾝゙⇕㈡ㅱ᳍. IBM⾹⬅ᘅ

★㽅 〼ⲑㄩㅹ⿙⾝≅㋥⾝㎭㎱┡⾹᳞⚩㽁ᱽㅡᛞ㎩᲎ⳅⲍ 㭅ㄥ≅ ㅹ⿙⾝ 㚁⎕, ㇾ⛝ᙩ⪲, ㎩Ⳇ 㹅㿭 ◸ 㝽≉, ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ

Ớㅁ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎᠙Ⰹọㄭㅝを㽁ᛉㅱ᳍. 〼ⲑㅁ䁅を ❩┡㋺

ㅁ⊵❩┡⾹ㅁ 䁅⽦ㄩ ᯱ❩⬽⬅ 㽂Ⲟ᲎∎ㅝ 㝅ᛉ៲ ㇭┡ ㅁ⪕

㽅⪕ⅵㅝ2ᬭᗭ ᛞ❩㽁ᱽ ⽺ㄭ ⽦ ☁᪁ㇱᶭ ⼱ ḁᱽ ⳅᗭ⾹

㽂Ⲟ㽁⿕㇭┡ᗩọㄭ᭩Ⅵᙵ㽁⿩᳍[15]. 㽁㎩⎵ⳍ㈅⚺ス⾹

⬅ㅁ 䁅を⬚ㄩ⼭㎪◡◡㽁⿕⾭㚖᪅᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ᲎∎⾹ᶭ❱᝕

㽁ᛉ ⼭㎪ㄩㄉㅁ㽅㘑ㅝᱽ⛝ㅝ㎩⼳ᛉㅱ᳍. 㽁㎩⎵ㄉ㇭ㅹ

❭⬆ ㅹ⊵ ❭⬆, ៱ㄞ⬅⠭ⲍ, 㮞ⳉ, ⪕䁵 㿭⪪ ❭⬆ Ớ⾹⬅ᱽ

ㅝ◡ ⎷ㄩ 䁅を ᗩ᲎⬚ㄭ ⛝ㅝᛉ ㅱ᳍.

᝕៩ᛥ 㬵ⲕⅥ⾹⬅ᱽ ㅹㄑ㋥㽲 ㅹ᷂㘑⾹ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ᠙Ⰹㄭ

ㇺ⒒㽁⿕ ⬚ᛞ㇪ㅡⳅ♽⬅⠭ⲍ⍥⛝ㅝᛉㅱ᳍. ⳍ㈅≅ ᳩ❩❭

ㅁㅹ᷂㘑䁵⪕⾹⬅ᱽゝ㇭ㅹㅁ ⪪㫅⍥⪝㶝⬅ᚦᛉ⍥ 㽁ᙙ᪁

ゝ㇭ ㋺㘑⬉ㅝ㪱ㄭᚦᛉ㽁ᛉ㋥㘑ⳅ⾹ ㅹ᷂㘑ㅁ㝅㇪ㅹ⬡

⍥⼱᪝㽁ᱽ ỚWeak AIⰁ㋩⾹⬅ᱽㅝ◡ⳍ⫆䁅⾹ọ⾝〩ㅱ ㄥ⑙ ᝪ២㇪ㄥ≅ᱽ 〭㇭ ㅹㄑ ゝ㽲ㅝ ᗩ᲎㽉 ᙬㄥ≅ ⛝ㅡ᳍.

≅⛰❭⽥ㅁ ᛭⒒㽉⎵㽅 ★㇭ㄩ ᝖☒ ❭⽥⍥ ㋺ⳕㄥ≅ᶭ ㅝ⋑

⾝㎩ᛉㅱ᳍. ◡᝖⛝ⲍ㬝 ᳍ㅝ᪁◢ⲍ⪕⾹⬅ᱽ᝙をㄥ≅⽥㇭

⾹⬅ 䀽┥ㄭ ᪁⍝ᱽ をᶭ≅BigDogㅝⅥᱽ4㉚ ⛝㽲 ≅⛰ㄭ

ᘅ★㽁⿩ᱽᵙ ⪙⼮㎩㿾⾹⬅ ᝙ㅡọᛥ ᘂㅝ ⬚ᛞ㇪ㄥ≅ ㅝ᷂

ㅭ┝⍥ 〭Ⰱ㽁⿩᳍(Fig. 4). ㅝ䁵⪕⾹⬅ᱽ ㅡᗭᛥㄉ⪕㽅2㉚

⛝㽲 ≅⛰ᶭ⬚ᛞ㇪ㄥ≅ᘅ★㽁ᛉㅱ᳍. ㅝ⇕㽅≅⛰ ᘅ★⾹ᱽ

㇭Ⰹ㽅 ⒑ỉ ᠙Ⰹọㅝ ᭢⼭ọ⾝ ㄞ㽒ḁ⾝ㅱ᳍[16].

ㅥ⪪⾹⬅ 䄽䅱 ⪕をḁᱽ ⬅⠭ⲍ ㋺⾹ ♱⿖⬅⠭ⲍ(machine

translation)ᶭ ㅱ᳍. ᝕៩⾹⬅ ゝ⿪㽁ᱽ㳵㳵ᛉ ♱⿖᠙ᱽ㇭⬡

㋫ੳᬂ⋺ⓖ֨⓶ੳ✾ဣ 

ͷΚΘ͑ͥ͑͟͟ͳΚΘ͑͵ΠΘ͑ΓΪ͑ͳΠΤΥΠΟ͑͵ΪΟΒΞΚΔΤ͑͟ͳΚΘ͑͵ΠΘ͑΢ΦΒΕΣΦΡΖΕ͑ΣΠΓΠΥΚΔΤ ΓΖΚΟΘ͑ΕΖΧΖΝΠΡΖΕ͑ΒΤ͑Β͑ΞΦΝΖ͑ΥΙΒΥ͑ΔΒΟ͑ΥΣΒΧΖΣΤΖ͑ΕΚΗΗΚΔΦΝΥ͑ΥΖΣΣΒΚΟ͟

ΙΥΥΡΤͫ͠͠ΨΨΨ͟ΪΠΦΥΦΓΖ͟ΔΠΞ͠ΨΒΥΔΙͰΧͮΔͿ΋΁΃ΤΣΨΦΞ΂͙͑ΒΔΔΖΤΤΖΕ͑ͲΦΘΦΤΥ͝

͚ͥ͑ͣͪ͢͟͝͡

΅ΒΓΝΖ͑͢͟ 沂愞汾͑堆旇求嵢͑汾击滆垫櫖͑堆穢͑抎橎͑柲庲͑浶斲͑冶刂

抎橎͑柲庲͑氦笛 愷把氮

͑Ͳͺ儆͑滇櫋汊͑掂橝橊͑儎͑冉 ͖ͤ͟͢͡

͑儢汾͑稊岂決憊柢͑獮空 ͖ͤͤ͢͟

͑Ͳͺ儆͑汾儊昷汊͑掂橝橊儎͑冉 ͖ͣͧ͢͟

͑Ͳͺ儆͑汾儊櫖͑堆穳穞垚͑冉 ͖͑ͩͩ͟

͑Ͳͺ儆͑憚淊櫖͑決殯埿穞垚͑冉 ͖͑ͩͨ͟

͑Ͳͺ儆͑柪朞庂͑洆滆幺垚͑冉 ͖͑ͩͥ͟

΄Ί΋Ί͸Ί͑͵ΚΘΚΥΒΝ͑ͺΟΤΚΘΙΥ͑΃ΖΡΠΣΥ͑ͣͨ͢͟͡

ᚭㅁⰁⳖᘅ⾡⾝⍥ⳍⳅᗭㄥ≅♱⿖㽝㋥ᱽ⬅⠭ⲍ⍥㈅ᛞ㽁 ᛉㅱᱽᵙ㮞ᚭ㽂㇪ ᠙♾ㅝ㇪をḅ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟ♾ᛥἎ⇕᳆᠙Ⰹ ㅝ ㇪をḁ⾝ ㅱ᳍[16]. ᠙ᚭ 㽂Ⲟㅁ ㇾⰁ⍥ ⛝ㅡ ⿱ᱽ ◽Ḻ㻭

≅១↑ㅡ⼵㳵ᛉ≅⬅ᚦㅝ≅ゝ◽Ḻᳩ᝖㽂Ⲟ ᲎∎ㄭ㮞㽁⿕

⬡ᚭ⾹ ⼵∍㎩ᙵ ḁ⾱᳍[17].

ՊՄԶ⒄ਁ⛌ྱ⑤Զ⌍㊱

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ᠙Ⰹㅝᗪ㉮⪙⾮⿪⿖⾹ ⛡ᚒ㇪ㄥ≅㇪をḁ᠙ⳅ ㅺ㽁⑝⬅⫆⪙⬚◸ 䂑ㄑ⬚㎆ᳩ, 㶡⎕⬚ 㾎⪪Ớᗪ㉮ ៶ㇾ㇪

㳵៲䂑ᛥ⍥ ㅥㄥ㪍ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㄭ 㷕㽑㽅᠙Ⰹㄩ᠙㉝ㅁㅥㅹ⎕⍥⾯⽉᠙ᶭ㽁ᛉ

⪱≅ ⎵ọ᠙ᶭ 㽉 ᙬㄥ≅ ⛝ㅡ᳍. ㅝ㇭⾹ᱽ ⪙⾮䀽⾹ ㅁ㽁⿕

᭡᷂∎ㅝ⎷ㅝ⭵⒑ḁᱽ ㎪⾮᝙ㅝ᠙ᚭ≅ᳩ㚝ḁ⑝⬅⎷ㅝ⪕

Ⅵ㈵ㄥ᪁◡ↁ⾹ᱽㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ⛝㶡䀽⾹ἙⅥ⬅៱ㄞㅡ, ♾⍉

ᗩ, ㅁ⪕ Ớㅁ 䀽ㅝ㲡㡥Ⅵ ㇭┡㎪⿖ᶭ ⚩䀽ᗩ ❱ᗩ㼥 㽝㈵᳍.

ㅥ☁㇪ㄥ≅ᱽAIㅁᶭㅮㅝ㎩Ⳇ㎺⽦㇪ ㎪⾮⾹ᱽ᪁⩅⿪㾎ㄭ

㋥ᛉ, ᭡᷂㎺⽦㇪ ㎪⾮⾹ᱽ ⚭᳍⍡ ⿪㾎ㄭ ㋥㎩ ⼳ㄭ ᙬㄥ≅

⿱⪪㽁㎩⎵ 㾎䂭⾹ᱽ ⾝ᾍ ☒㾎ㅝỉ ⪙⾮ᚭㅁ ㎪⾮᝙ㅁ 㳹ᶭ

⾹㩙⚩䀽ᗩ ⿱⪪ḅ᳍. ㄍ⎕㇪ㅡ┡㈅ᶭ★⫆㽉ᙬㄥ≅⿱⪪

ḁᱽᵙㅡᗭᳩⳉAIᗩ㋥ᶭ㇪ㄥ≅㳹᳑㽁⿕ ┡㈅ᗩ⫆᠙ᱽᚦ

゙ᱽ㘮ㅭ⭵㆕⾹ ᳩ㽅᭥ㆪㅝ⿱⪪ḅ᳍. 䄽䅱ᙙ≉ḁᱽ⿱≅

⬅ㅹㄑ㋥㽲ㅹ᷂㘑ㅁ ⪕ᛉ⿱≅⬅㼥㽉Ⰱ⾯ᱽ⪕ᛉ ⪪䁒⾹

⬅⛝㽲ㅹ1⑮ㄭ䅕⫆㽁⿕᳍Ⰱㅁ ᳍⍡⛝㽲ㅹ⍥⛝䀡㽁ᱽ⿱

≅⬅᠙ᚭㅁ㳹᳑ㅝ ㄍ⎕㇪ㄥ≅Ⰱを㽉⎵㽅ᙬㅡ㎩⾹ᳩ㽅᭥

ㆪㅝ១ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝ◡ ᛞ⪪ᛥ㽂⿪䀽Ớ⾹⬅᳍⋑⾝㎩ᱽ᪝をọ

≅㝅㉮㇪ㅡ㳹᳑ㅁ ㋥㚝ᗩㅡᗭㅝ⼭ᲱᛉAI Ớㅁ ᠙ᚭㅡᚦ

゙ ㅡᗭㅁ ㉝⾭⬚ㅝ ᶭ㇭☄ㄭ ᗩ᲎⬚ᶭ 㞒❭䅱 ㅱ᳍. ⳍ㈅≅

AI᠙Ⰹㄩ᝙⪕❭⽥⾹⬅〾⬚㽁ᙵ䁅をḁᛉ ㅱᱽᵙ⪝⪪をㅹ ㄑ┝᠙ 㚝ᚭᗩ ᳩ㹅㇪ㅡ ⿱≅⬅ 㬙◡ᬍㅝ㬙 ⿪䀽⾹⬅㚁⇥ ᠙ ᚭ〩 ㅡᗭᛥㅁ 㽅㳹 Ⲣ❩ㅁ ⠭២ㅝ ⫆ᠡ Ⰱᶭ ㅱ᳍. ㄉ⪕㽅

ⳍ㈅⿱≅⬅, 60~70ᬭᳩ⾹ ᷂ᶮ⾹⬅⬅ᶮㄥ≅ㅁ⏆⑮ㄭ⎲᠙

ロ㽝 ᷂ᶮ᝙ㅝ᝖ᚦ⾹⬍㡁㽅┝ㅡㅹ᷂ ᠙ᛩ㜆⾹ㅁ㽅ㅹ᷂

⪕ᚒ⾹ ㅹㄉ⍥ 㘧⼭ ᝖ᚦㄭ ᬁᵁ ⎷ㄩ ᷂ᶮㅡọㅝ 䅕⫆ḅ◽

ㅱ᳍. 㿭㆕ㅁAI ᠙♾ㄭ ㅝを㽁⿕ ㄉ⪕㽅 ㆎ㡁⍥ ⬍㡁㽅᳍⑝

᳢⿙䅱䃑⼕ ⎷ㄩ㼥㽝⍥⛥ᙬㅝ᳍. ᝖ᗩ᪁ ᳑㚝ᗩAI⍥ ㆎ⼮

㽁⿕ᘅㅡㅁ⪕⫆䁅ㄩ┥≉⒑ỉᙬㄭ㮞㈅㽁ᛉㅹ㽅᳍⑝⿪䀽

⾹ ᪁」ᱽ⠮⟵Ⅵᴽㅁ㞅㿭ᶭ㞒❭䅱ᗩ᲎㽅ⳅ᪁⎕」ㅝ᳍. ㅝ

⇕㽅 ⿕⇕ᗩ㎩゙∍ἵ┡⾹ㅡᗭㅁ㉝⾭⬚ㄭ ᳝⛝㽉Ⰱㅱᱽ

ᛩ⎕◸㮞㈅ⳅⲍ㭅ㅝ 㞒❭䅱Ạ☄㡑ḁ⾝⽥㽁ᱽᵙㅝ❩❭ㄩ

᠙Ⰹ ❭⽥〩ᴽ❱⾝㾎䂭AI ⿙᝕⾹㋺ぽ㽅㽅❭⽥ᗩ ḉᙬㅝ

᳍.

㇭┡ᗩ ㎺᳑ㄭᾉ᪁ㅥ☁ᳩ㋺⪕ㅝ⾹⬅ᱽ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎᠙Ⰹㅝ

ⲍ⎱㲡㷙, ᗩ㇭㈅㹱, ㅹ᷂㘑Ớ⫆䁅ㅁ⿕⇕❩┡⾹⬅ㅝ◡䁅 をḁᛉㅱ㎩⎵ᳩ❩❭㲢ㇾ᠙᲎ㅁ㽝ᚙㄭロ㽅ᶭ᝕≅⎵⿕᠙ ᛉ ⪙⾮◸⪕䁵㇭☁⾹◡㡁ᱽ⿪㾎∎⾹ ᳩ㽝⬅ᱽㆁㅝ㽝㽁

㎩ ⒤㽁ᛉㅱᱽᙬㄥ≅⛝ㅡ᳍. 㽅㉙⪕⿙᝕⾹⬅ᱽ ㅥ☁ㅡᳩ

⪪ㄥ≅ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎⾹ ᳩ㽅 ❱⼱ ⳕ⎕⍥ ㉙⪕㽁⿩ᱽᵙ ㄺ᳞ㅹㅁ

30%ᗩAIᗩ 㾎䂭 ゙⎕ㅁ ㎪⾮ㄭ ⡥⽀⼭ ᗱ ᙬㅝⅥᛉ ㄺ᳞㽁

ᱽ ᚙᛥ⍥⛝⿕⬅⎷ㄩ⪕ⅵọㅝAI᠙Ⰹㅝ゙䀡㇪ㅡ☁∍ㅹ≅

⬅ᛞ㉝㽁ᱽᵙ⾹ᱽ ⼭㎪ㅁ᝕ⳕㄭᗩ㎩ᛉ ㅱᱽᙬㄥ≅⛝ㅡ᳍

(Table 1) [18].

ՋՄԶ㉹ਁ᪐⊈⋜Ḩ⑤Զ⒄ਁ⛌ྱ

㽖ᛞ❭⽥ᱽᳩ㹅㇪ㅡ㎩Ⳇ㎺⽦㇪ ⪙⾮ㄥ≅AI ᠙Ⰹㅝᗩ ㆎ ␥㇩ᶭㅮḅ❭⽥ㅝ᳍. ⼱㇭ㅝᗩㆎ㋺ⳅḁᱽ ❭⽥᳞ᙵ㉙

㉮⪕⍥ᶭ〩⬅⠭㽲⼱㇭ㄭᗾ䀽㽁ᱽ ☒⼱ㄥ≅⬅AI ᠙Ⰹọㅝ

ᶭㅮḁ⾱᳍. 㚁ㄵ⾹ᱽㅹ᷂㉙㉮ㆎ㡁⍥㋺ⳕㄥ≅㉙㉮⪕ㅁ ⠭ 㽲⾮┝❩᳝ㄭ㋭ㅝᛉㆎᙙ⎕⠭㽲ⳅ㽖≅⍥ ㅬ⾝♭⎕㎩⼳ᶭ

≆ᶭ〩㋥ᱽ⿖㽉ㇾᶭ≅ⳅㅺ㽁⿩᳍. ㅝ䂭⠭㽲᠙ᗩᳩ㿾䀽ḁ

⑝⬅᠙⪪⾹ ⪪ᛩ⾯ㅝ㉩ᴽㆎᙙ⎕⍥⠭㽲㽁ᱽ☁⑝᠙ᛩ⪕, 㮞ⳉ⪕, 㽖♾⪕ Ớㅁ ㉙㉮ⳍ 㪺Ⲣㅡスㅝ ᗹ⭵ḁᛉ, ᛞ㽖ᛥ ㋥

⚩ㇺ៥㎩⿖ㄩ㷕䀽ḁ⾝ゝ㽖Ⲣ┝スㅁ ⾮┝❩᳝ㅝ㩕ᙵᲁᛉ

ㅝ⾹ἙⅥ⪕ᛉ★⫆ㅝᲁᙵ ḁ⾱᳍. ㅝ⾹ἙⅥAI ᠙Ⰹㄭㇺ⒒ 㽁⿕ ゝ㽖Ⲣ┝スọㅁ⾮┝❩᳝ㄭ㋭⿕㋥ᛉゝ㽖 ⳅ⾮┝㳹

᳑ㄭ ⡉⍝ᛉ ㇾ䀾㽁ᙵ ㅝ⋑⾝㎩ᶭ≆ ⎷ㄩ ᠙⿕⍥ 㽁ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

 ㎂␮ẛ

㍲ ㅝ◡ ⪪を䀽ḁ⾝ ⪕をḁᛉ ㅱᱽ ㅹ᷂㉙㉮ㆎ㡁(autopilot)᪁

ㅹ᷂⛞㽲㎩スㆎ㡁(TOGA) Ớ⠭㽲㋺ㅁ㋺ぽ㽅ᚙㇾㅁⰅᗭ⾹

ᱽ ㅝ◡ ⎷ㄩAI ᠙Ⰹㅝ ㇪をḁᛉ ㅱ᳍.

ㅝ⇰ᙵ ㅝ◡ 㲢⚭㽅 ㅭ┝㋺ⳕㄥ≅Weak Ⰱ㋩ㅁ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎

᠙Ⰹㅝ 䁅をḁᛉ ㅱㄥ᪁ ᝪ២㇪ㄥ≅ᱽ ㅡᗭ ㉙㉮⪕⍥ 〭㇭䅱

ᳩ㚝㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ᛉᶭㅁ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅝ 㞅㿭㽉 ᙬㄥ≅ ⿱⪪ḅ᳍.

◡ᛞ᝙⾹⬅ᱽAIᗩᛞ㋺៲ㄉ, Ⰱ⮊ ◸㇭㰕ㅭ┝⾹⬅ ㄉㅡ㽖 ᛞ᠙ㅁ⿖㽉ㄭᳩ㚝㽉ᙬㄥ≅⿱⪪㽁ᛉㅱᛉㄉ⇦ᛥ◡᝖ 㽝᝙

Ớ⾹⬅ᱽWeak AI⛝᳍㉩ᴽ 㷖᫼ㄩAI ᠙Ⰹㄭ㇪を㽅┝ㅡ

ㇾ㘙/ᛞᚒ᠙⒑ᵡㄭᘅ★㽁⿕ⳅ㈅᠙⍥㈅ㅺ㽁ᛉⳅ㿁㽁ᛉㅱ

᳍[19].

㽖ᛞ⪕ゝ⿪❩❭⾹ᶭAI᠙Ⰹㄭᶭㅮ㽁⑝ ⪪᳢㽅⚩䀽⍥⫆

ᠡᙬㅝ᳍. ᛉᘆᛩ⎕ 㘑ス⾹⬅᠙㉝Ⲣᘆㅁ㪺Ⲣᚦ㾎ㄭ㳵⼮

㽁⿕ 㪺Ⲣ ㇭❩㬙 㽖ᛞ᝵ ᝕⏍ ㄉᶭ ◸ ᛞ㽖⿪ㇺ, ㉵⬆ ☙ㇾ, Ⰱ䀽┥ᛩ⎕ Ớ ㅥ☁㎪スọㅝ㽝」ᵁ⬅⠭ⲍ⍥㉩ᴽㄉ⿙㽁ᙵ

䂑ㄑ㇪ㄥ≅ 㽉 Ⰱ ㅱㄭ ᙬㅡᵙ ᝕㚝㇪ㅡ ㇪を❭⽥ᱽ ᳍ㄵᛥ

ᘂㄩ⿱ọㅝḉ ᙬㅝ᳍. 㚔㏡, 㽖ᛞ᝵ᗩᚒᚙㇾ⾹ㄉ⿙⬚ ㅱᙵ

᲎᷂㇪ㄥ≅ᚙㇾ㽉Ⰱ ㅱㄭᙬㅝ᳍(dynamic pricing). ṁ㏡, ⳅ ㆎ◸䁵⪕⪪䁒⾹ 㝅㇪䀽ḅᗩᚒㄭ⬍ㇾ㽁⿕㪺Ⲣ⍉ㄭ㝅ᳩ䀽 㽉 Ⰱ ㅱㄭ ᙬㅝ᳍(price optimization). ⬴㏡, ⠭㽲ⲍ㣩㋭ ㎩⿙

ㄩ᠙⪪, ⠭㽲᠙ ᛉㆎỚⰁ⎷ㄩㅡㅹọㅝᛩ⿕㽁⿕★⫆㽁ᱽ ᵙAI ᠙Ⰹㄭ ㅝを㽁⿕ ㎩⿙ ⿱⪪ ㇾᶭ ◸ ᳩ㚝 ⲍ㣩㋭ Ớㄭ

㇪ⳅ⾹㈅ⳅ㽝㋭Ⰱ ㅱㄭᙬㅝ᳍(flight delay prediction). 㽖ᛞ

⪕ㅮㆎ⾹⬅ᱽ⠭㽲ᛩ⎕ᶭ㋺ぽ㽅❭⽥ㅝ᳍. ゙⬉, AI ᠙Ⰹㄭ

ㅝを㽅㝅㇪ㅁ㽖≅ ★᝝◸ㄉ㎩ᱽㄉ⍁⠭, 㽖ᛞ᠙ゝをⳅᗭ

᳑㝾Ớㄭ㮞㽁⿕⎷ㄩゝをᚦ⠭⍥ ㇱᗹ㽉Ⰱㅱ᳍(flight route optimization). ᳍ㄵㄥ≅, Ⲣᘆọㅁ⿕㽲ⲍ㣩㋭ ◸Ⲣ┝ス ៥┝

ⲍ㣩㋭ᶭ㝅㇪䀽ⳅ㤅㈅ⳅ㽉Ⰱㅱ᳍(avoiding travel disruption, crew scheduling).

㪺Ⲣᘆ ⛝⼱⾹ᶭ ㄉを㽁ᙵ ㇪を㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽᵙ ᳩ 㬵⇕ ᳢᝖

ㄥ≅❩㬙 ⳍⳅᗭㄥ≅ ⾮ᵙㅝ㲡ḅ ㅹ⊵⍥ ◽㪾ㄥ≅ 㽂Ⲟ㽁⿕

㬵⇕ ロ㿁ㄭ ◡⎕ ᗹ㎩㽁⿕ ᚦ⛝⍥ ㋥ᙙ᪁ 㼭ぽ㽅 ㉙㡁⍥ 㽉

Ⰱㅱㄭᙬㅝ᳍. 㽖ᛞ⪕ᚦ⿪⾮┝⾹⬅ᶭAI᠙Ⰹㇺ⒒⾹ㅁ㽁⿕

⎷ㄩ ᶭォㄭ ☄ㄭ Ⰱ ㅱㄭ ᙬㅝ᳍. 㽖ᛞ᠙ ゝ㽖 ㋺ ★⫆㽁ᱽ

ㄉ⍁⠭Ớㅁ 㼭Ⰱ⭵ぽᚦ⠭ㅁᯭ㇪ḅ ᵙㅝ㬙⍥㽂Ⲟ㽁ᛉ ᚦ⿪

ㅹㅡ ㉙ㅺㅹㅁ ぽ᝕⾹ ⏇ᙵ 㝽≉ ❭⬆㽁⿕ ⳍⳅᗭㄥ≅ ⠭㽲

⪪䁒ㄭ⒑Ჱ㬙⎪㽁⿕ᗩㆎᚦ㈅㇪ㅡ⠭㽲㽖≅⍥㘧ᛉㆎ᠙㇪

ㄥ≅ᱽ ᯭ㇪ḅ ᵙㅝ㬙⍥ ◽㪾ㄥ≅ ⪱≅ゝ ⠭㽲᠙ ᠙㉮ ᝕⏍

Ớ ᚦ⿪ 㳹᳑⾹ ᶭォㅝ ḉ Ⰱ ㅱ᳍. ㅥ☁㽖ᛞ ❭⽥⾹⬅ᶭAI ᠙Ⰹọㅝ⭵㿾⠭㽲᠙⾹ᶭ ㇪をḁ᠙ⳅㅺ㽁⿩᳍. ᗩㆎ␥㇩ᶭ ㅮᙬㄩ⾽㎭ ㇾ⠭❩❭ㅝ᳍. ⠭㽲᠙᝕⬚㹱㋺⾹⬅ᗩㆎ⛞ㆊ 㽁⿕ ㇾ⠭ ⭵ぽᗩ ⎷ㄩ ⾽㎭❩⾹AI᠙Ⰹㅝ ㇪をḁ⾝ ㋥⾝㎭

⠭㽲㉙ᙝ⾹⬅㝅㇪ㅁ⾽㎭䂑ㄑㄭ★䄁㽁ᙵ㽁⑙ᛉㆎ⠱ᶭ⍥

㋭ㅝᛉㇾ⠭⭵ぽ⍥䁶᠙㇪ㄥ≅ᗹ⭵ⳅ㪍ᛉㅱ᳍(Full Authority Digital Engine Control; FADEC) [20]. FADECㅝㆎ㘒ḅ⠭㽲 ᠙ᱽ⾽㎭⾹᳍⽺㽅 ⬥⬅⍥❩㘒㽁⿕⠭㽲㋺⠭㽲ㅹ⊵⍥ 㝾

㇪㽁ᛉᬍ㲡サ㩕⍥㮞㽁⿕䁵⪕ ⬅♭᪁⾽㎭㈅ㅺ⪕㩝Ⅵ゙ễ

〩 ⭵㮞㽁⑙ ⲍⲍ≅ 㽂Ⲟ㽁⿕ ㇾ⠭ ⳅ᠙, ᛉㆎ ロ㿁ᶭ, ᛉㆎ

⿱⪪❩ロ◸ⳍ㈅ᛉㆎ★⫆❩ロỚㄭ⼵∍㋥ᙵḁ⾝ᗪ⾽㎭⾹

⏇ᱽ ⿱☒ㇾ⠭ᶭ ᗩ᲎㽝㈡⬅ ゝ㽖 ㋺ ⾽㎭ ᛉㆎ⍉ㄭ 㿭㇩䅱

ᗹ⭵ⳅ㪍ᛉ ㅱ᳍.

ᛩ㈅ ❭⽥⾹⬅ᶭAI ᠙Ⰹᶭㅮ⾹ἙⅥ⎷ㄩ⾮┝䂑ㄑ⬚ ㎆ ᳩᗩ ⿱⪪ḅ᳍. 㿭㆕ᱽ⠭㽲㋺ㅡ㽖㇪⾹⬅㞒ᶵロ㿁ᶭ⿱⪪ ◸

ロ㿁㶲ᗩ⾹ Ἑ⍡ᚦ⛝⾮┝Ớㅝⳅ㿁ḁᛉㅱ᳍. ᛩ㈅ⳅ⬍䀢 ㄩ⠭㽲᠙ㅝ⪪⾹Ἑ⍡ ⠭ㇾ⪪⪪䁒⾹⬅ㅁ᠝៲ᛩ㈅Ớ⾹ᶭ ᯭ

㇪ḅ ᛩ㈅ ᵙㅝ㬙⍥ 㽂Ⲟ㽁⿕ ᠝៲ᳩ㚁 ☒⼱ㄭ ㈅ⳅ㽝 ㋭ Ⰱ

ㅱᛉ ㅹ⊵⍥ᯭ㇪㽁⿕ᛩ㈅ 㻭≅㮉㥅ㄭᘅ⬉㽁ᛉ㽖ᛞ⪕ᵙㅝ 㬙〩 ⿙᷂㽁⿕ 㽖≅⍥ 㝅㇪䀽㽁ᱽᵙ ᶭォㄭ ㋭ Ⰱ ㅱ᳍.

ㅝ⇕㽅᠙Ⰹ★㇭⾹ᶭ❱᝕㽁ᛉ⼱㇭㽅 㽖ᛞゝ㽖ㄭロ㽅ㅡ

㇪ぽㅡᛥ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ㉙䀽☒㾎⾹ᳩ㽅᭥ㅁᗩ㼭ぽ㽁᳍. ㇭☁

㇪ㅡ⪙⾮㲡⇵ễ⍥ ᛉ∍㽉ἵㅡᗭ㉙㉮⪕〩AI (≅⛰ ㉙㉮⪕) ᗩ ᛞ㉝㽉ᙬㄥ≅㇭⏆ḑ⾹ἙⅥḹᘅ㚝ㅁ ㉙䀽⾹ᳩ㽅㋩⠭

〩 ᛉ◥ㅝ㼭ぽ㽅ⳅㇹㅝ」ᛉㅱ᳍. 㽖ᛞ᠙ ⪕ᛉᱽ★⫆⍉ㄩ

᪗㎩⎵᳍⍡᜹㮞Ⰱ᳑ᛥ᳕⎕⪕ᛉㅁ㡁⑮⬚ㅝ᭻⼭⼱㇭⬚⾹

ᳩ㽅ぽ᝕ᗩ ⏍゙᭻᳍. 2018⾹⬅2019ᬭ⪕ㅝ⾹⿙ㅝ⾝ ★⫆

㽅B737 MAX ⪕ᛉᱽ ᠙ᚭ〩ㅡᗭㅁ⾮┝㉙䀽⾹ᛉ◥ㅝ㼭

ぽ㽑ㄭ ⛝⿕㋥⾱᳍[21]. ⛡ ⪕ᛉᱽ ⒑ḹ ㅝ⍂㽅 ㎪䂭 㝽Ⅶ㽝

㪺Ⲣㅹ㇭スㅝ⪕⏆㽅ᙬㅡᵙ㉙㉮⪕ᗩⰁ᷂ㄥ≅㉙㉮㽁ᱽ ⪪ 䁒⾹⬅ ㅹ᷂㉙ㇾ㣝㻑㬙⑮∢(AI ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁)ㅝ゙⬉㽁⿕ ㅺ᷂㽁 ᶭ≆⬍ᚭḁ⾝㉙㉮⪕ᗩ㽖ᛞ᠙⍥㮞㈅㽉Ⰱ⾯ᱽ⪪䁒ㅝ★⫆

㽁⿕ ⫆᠝ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝ⍂㎪䂭㻵→ㄭㇺㄩ䂭⾹ㅁᶭ㽁㎩⼳ᙵ

☄ㄵᗪㅝ 㣍㈡⬅ⳍ⭶⾹ㅁ㽅㝽Ⅶㅝ㉮㉮ㅥ⾝᪁ᱽᵙ ᳩ❩❭

㉙㉮⪕ ⳍⰁ⾹ㅁ㽅ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝ♱⪕ᛉㅁ㋥ḅ スㅡㄥ≅㎩⒒ ḁᱽMCAS (Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System) ㆎ㡁ᱽㅝ⇰ᙵ☄ㄵᗪㅝ㣍㈡⬅ⳍ⭶ロ㿁 ⪪㫅ᗩḁ⑝㉙㉮⪕

⍥ ☙㈅㽁ᛉ ㉙㉮㣝㻑㬙ᗩ ㅹ᷂ㄥ≅ ᤕ⎕᪉ᘅ⍥ ォ㎪⿕⬅ ☄ ㄵᗪㄭ ᪗㝽⾝ⳍ⭶ㄭ☒㎩㽝㋥ᱽ⿖㽉ㄭ㽁ᱽᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝㆎ 㡁ᱽ ᳢ⳅ ១ ㅹ㚝≅ᱽ ┡㈅ᗩ ⾯⾱ㄥ᪁ 㣝㻑㬙⾹ ☄ㄵᗪ⾹

ᳩ㽅 ㇾ⛝⍥㋥ᱽ⬥⬅ᗩᛉㆎ᪁ㅱᱽ ⪪㫅ᗩḁ⑝⬅⠭㽲㣝 㻑㬙ᱽㆁ⒤ḅㇾ⛝⍥◽㪾ㄥ≅ ㉙㉮⪕⍥☙㈅㽁ᛉㅭㅁ≅ ⠭ 㽲᠙⍥ ៲ᗾ㽁ⳅ㤅 㝽Ⅶ㽁ᙵ ḅ ᙬㅝ᳍. ┡㈅ᱽ 㻵→ㄭ ㇺㄩ

ㅝ䂭⾹ᱽ 㣝㻑㬙ᗩ㉙㉮⪕ᶭ⒑⍝ᙵ ㉙㉮ㄭ㽁ᛉㅱㄵ⾹ᶭ ❱

᝕㽁ᛉ ㉙㉮⪕ᱽ ㇾㅺ ┝ⲑ ㅥㅝ ♵⾝㎩ᱽ㎩ ⼵ Ⰱᗩ ⾯ᶭ≆

⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ ⬍ᚭᗩḁ⾝ㅱ᳍ᱽㇹㅝ᳍. ᚙ᝖ㄩㅝ⇕㽅 ⪕ᛉᛞ 㷕≅ ㅡ㽝 ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ 䀾ᳩ ㇪をㄩ ㅥㇾ᠙ᗭ ⭵⠭ㅹ ㇩㽖⾹

❩ἓ㿩㎩⿙ḉᙬㄥ≅⛝ㅡ᳍. B737 MAX⪕ᙝㄭ᜹䂱ㄥ≅⛝

⑝⠭ㇾ⪪⪪䁒⾹⬅㉙㉮⪕ㅁ⪪䁒ㅡⳆ(situation awareness) ◸

ㇱ㘑 Ⰱ㽲⾹ㅡᛞ㎩᲎᠙Ⰹㄩᶭォㄭ㋭Ⰱᱽ ㅱㄥ᪁㝅㉮㉙

㉮ㄩ ㅡᗭㅝ㮞㈅㽁ᱽ☒㾎ㄥ≅ ⬍ᚭ⍥☁⿪㽁ᱽᙬㅝ 㿭㆕ㅁ

᠙㋩⾹⬅ᱽ 㽒⎕㇪ㅥ ᙬㅝ᳍.

ⲍロⲍ⾹⬅2017ᬭ⾹8㚅⑮ㄭ ᳩ⪪ㄥ≅ 㝅ⳉ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ᠙ Ⰹㄭ ㇪を㽁⿕, ㉙㉮⪕ᗩ⾯ᱽ㽖ᛞ᠙⾹㪺Ⲣ⿕❩⍥ ┤ᱽ㉙

㋫ੳᬂ⋺ⓖ֨⓶ੳ✾ဣ 

⪕⍥㽁⿩ᱽᵙ, 㿭㆕ 㪺Ⲣ᝵ㅁ50% ᗩᚒㄭ㈅ⳅ㽅᳍ᱽ ㉙ᙝ⾹

⬅ᶭ, ⪕ⅵọㄩ⿕㇭䅱 ┝ㅡ㽖ᛞ᠙⾹㪺Ⲣ㽁ᱽᙬㄭᢥ⎕ᱽᙬ ㄥ≅᪁㪩᪕᳍[22]. ㄺ᳞ㅹㅁ63%ᗩ┝ㅡ⿕ᘆ᠙⾹ᳩ㽝☁ᳩ 㽁⿩ᛉ, 㲢䅱54%ᱽ㽅⑮ㅝ㉙㉮㽁ᱽ⿕ᘆ᠙⾹ᶭ㪺Ⲣ㽁ᱽ ᙬ ㄭ ᙙ❩㽁⿩ᛉ, ᳑㎩17%⎵ㅝ 㪱 ㅁ㾎ㅝ ㅱㄵㄭ 㹅⑮㽁⿩᳍.

ㅝᚙᛥᱽ㿭㆕ㅁㅡᛞ㎩᲎᠙Ⰹㅝ ⼱㇭ㄭ᳝⛝㽁᠙⾹ᱽ❩

㉚㽁᳍ᛉᱹᩥᛉㅱㄵㄭ ㅁ◡㽅᳍. ㅡᗭㄩ㎪ᛩᛥ㮞㘙∎ㄭ㮞 㽝⪪䁒ㄭ⿱⪪㽁ᱽ ᲎∎ㅝㅱᱽ☁⑝, 㣝㻑㬙ᱽⰁ㽂㇪⿙⪙

ㄭ㮞㽅〭ᚙ⬚ㄭᗩ㎭⾮┝⾹᲎㮞㽁▩≅ㅝ⇕㽅㘑ㅝ⍥ ᠙☁

ㄥ≅ㅡᗭㅁㅁ⪕ᚙㇾ 」⍁⍥㝅⭵䀽㽁ᱽ☒㾎ㄥ≅AI〩ㅁ㿺

⾮ㄭ ⒑⪲㽁ᱽ ᙬㅝ 㾎䂭 ☒㾎ㄥ≅ ⛝ㅡ᳍.

ՌՄԶ⑤㉥Զ᪐⊈⋜Ḩ⑤Զ⒄ਁ⛌ྱ

ㅁ⊵ ❭⽥⾹⬅ ⬚ᛞ㇪ㅡ 䁁ㅹ ㎭⊵ㅁ ᗩㆎ ㋺ぽ㽅 ㅡㅹᱽ

㎩Ⳇᛥᚦ㿁ㅝ᳍. ㅁ⊵㎭ㅝ ㎩⭶㇪ㄥ≅㽂Ⲟㄭ⎷ㅝ㽁⿕㎩Ⳇ ㅝ ⎷⼭㎩ᛉ 䁁ㅹ⍥ ⎷ㅝ ᳍⋑⾝⬅ ㄉ⪕㽅 ᚦ㿁ㅝ 㝾㇪ḁ⑝

䁁ㅹ㎭⊵ㅁ⬚ᛞ⍉ㅝ㎆ᗩ㽉 ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅁ⊵❭⽥⾹⬅AIㅁ⿖㽉 ㄩㅝḹᗩ㎩㝾ㄭ㋺ⳕㄥ≅ ㅝ㽝㽁⿕⽥㽅᳍. ㍲ᳩ↲ㅁᵙㅝ 㬙⍥ⳉ⭶䅱㞒㇭㽁ᛉㅝ⍥㚁⎕㽁ᱽ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄭㄞ㽒㽁⿕㎩

Ⳇㄭ ᚦ㿁⾹ ᭢⿕᪝ᱽ ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅁ⊵ ❭⽥⾹⬅AI᠙Ⰹㅝ ᗩㆎ

⎷ㅝ䁅をḁᱽ❭⽥ᱽ ⿪⪪ㅁ㽂❭⽥Ⅵᛉ㽉Ⰱㅱ᳍. ㅝᙬㄩ

ㅝ◡㎩ ㅡⳆ᠙Ⰹ⾹ ᳍↲ㅁ ỽ㎩㬡 ㅹ⊵㎺㇪ᛥ 㣝㻑㬙 ⿙⪙᲎

∎ㅁ ᛭⒒㽉⎵㽅 㾎⪪ㅝ ᴽ㽝㈡⬅ ㅝ⋑⾝㈵᳍. 㲢䅱 㝅៥⾹

CT scanㄭ⠭≘㽅 ᙙㅁ ⒑ỉ ⿪⪪ㅹ⊵ᗩỽ㎩㬡 ㅹ⊵≅⫆⬚

ḁ⑝⬅AI ᠙Ⰹㅁ ㇪をㅝ ᗩ᲎㽁ᙵ ḅ ㇹᶭ ㋥ぽスㅡㄥ≅ ᤦ 䅵᳍. ⼭ァ⇕ㅁ⊵ᙩ⪕⾹⬅ ⿪⪪ᙩ⪕ᗩ㉩ᴽ㋺ぽ㽝㎩⑝⬅⿱

㇭⛝᳍⎷ㅝⳅ㽲ḁᛉᲁ⾝᪅⾮┝↲⾹⠭㽁⿕ Ⰲ∑ḅ⿪⪪ㅁ 㽂 ㅁ⪕ᗩ ⪪ᳩ㇪ㄥ≅ ❩㉚㽝㎭ ᙬㅝAI ᠙Ⰹ ᶭㅮㄭ 㛲㎭ⳅ 㪑ㇹㅝḁᛉ ㅱ᳍. 㝅៥⾹ᱽㅝ◡㎩㻭≅⬡ⲍ◸㣝㻑㬙⠭㇭

⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄭ ᗾ䀽㽁⿕ ⚺⚩ㄭ ㇾ䀾䅱 㳹᳑㽁⿕ ⳉ⭶㽁ᙵ ㎭᳑

⾹ㅝ⍝ᙵ㽁⑝⬅᳢᳝ㅁ⊵㎭⾹ᙵ ㄺ៲⪪䁒ㅝ᪁᠙㪩ロ㿁ᶭ

⍥㶲ᗩ㽁⿕ᚙㇾ㇪ㅡ 㡁⊵♾ᠵ㎩㈅ⳅ㽁ᛉㅱ᳍. ᳍⎵⼭㎪ᠵ

㎩ᱽ ⿪⪪ㅁ㽂ᛥ ㅁ⊵㎭ㄭ ᳩ㡁㽁ᱽ ㇾᶭᱽ ⼭Ჱ⑙ ㅁ⊵㎭ㅁ

㳹᳑ㅝ◡㡁㎩⒤㽁ᱽ ❩❭ㄭ⛝〭㽁ᱽⰁ㋩⾹ㅱ᳍[23]. ᝕㚝

㇪ㅡ⿱≅ᗺㅺⲍ⇕ゝ᮵㞅㿱≅ㄺ៲㚁㡁ᗩ㼭ぽ㽅 䁁ㅹᗩ★

⫆㽁⿩ㄭἵ3㘑ス ᮵CT⍥ 㜕⿪㽁⑝⬅㞅㿱 䀢ㄩㅁⳕ❩ロ⍥

AI ᠙Ⰹ≅㘧⼭⬅ᗾ㉙㽁⿕ㅁ⊵㎭⾹ᙵ ⛝⿕㋥⑝⡉⍡㳹᳑ㄭ

ᗩ᲎㽁ᙵ㽁ᛉ㾎䂭 ᳩ㘮ᠵ㎩㈅ⳅ㽝㋥⾝㡁⊵ㅁ䄹⍭ㄭⳉ⭶

㽁ᙵ 㽉 Ⰱ ㅱᱽ ᙬㅝ᳍. ㅝ⍥ 㚁⎕㽁ᱽ ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄩ ᠙㉝ㅁ

PACS (picture achieving and communication system)〩⿙᷂ḁ ᙵ⬍ᚭḅ᳍[24]. ㉩ᴽ★㇭ḅ⼵ᛉ⎕㎁ㄩㅹ᷂⚺⚩ㅡⳆⳅⲍ 㭅ㄥ≅★㇭㽁᠙ᶭ㽁ᱽᵙᗭ, 㚂㝽, 㶹, ⳕ㿱ᛩᚭỚ⾹⬅ ⫆᠝

⚺⚩ㄭ㜕⿪ḅᵙㅝ㬙⍥ ⿙⪙㽁⿕ㅁᶭ㽁㎩⼳ㄩ㎱䁁ㄭ★ᚕ 㽁᠙ᶭ㽁ᱽᙬㅝ᳍. ⿱⍥ ọ⑝㶹㎱䁁ㄭㅁⳕ㽁⿕䄲❩CT⍥

㜕⿪㽁⿩ᱽᵙㇾㅺ㶹⾹ᱽ⚺⚩ㅝ⾯ᛉᘂㅝ⾤ㄩỽ㎩㬡 ㅝ◡

㎩ ᵙㅝ㬙⾹⬅゙⿙䅱ⳕ㿱ᛩ㎱䁁ㄭ★ᚕ㽝᪝ᱽᙬㅝ᳍. ⼽ 䁁 ㅹ㎭⊵⾹⬅ᱽ⿪⪪ㅹ⊵⾹៥ᙙ㽅⚺᠙㳹ᶮㅝ㡁⊵☒㾎⬍ㇾ

⾹㋺ぽ㽅ᵙ, ⎥㻭ㇱ ㇭ㅝ㳹ᶮỚㄩㅡᗭㅁⳅ∎ᛥᚦ㿁Ớㄥ

≅㇭ㅝㄉ┝⍥㳹᳑㽁ᱽᵙ⼭㎪ᶭㇾ䀾ᶭᗩ᭻㎩⼳ㄩᵙἎ⇕

᳆ㅁ ᠙ᚭ㽂Ⲟㄭ㮞㽅AI 㳹ᶮ᲎∎ㄭㅝを㽅ᚙᛥ᠙㉝ㅁ⊵

㎭⛝᳍ 㳹ᶮ᲎∎ㅝ ᭻⽁᳍ᛉ 㽁ᱽ ⛝ᛉᶭ ㅱ᳍[25].

㉮⽺㽂 ❭⽥⾹⬅ᱽ㶹⼽ㅁ㉙㎪㽂㇪㎭᳑⾹ᳩ㽅⿙᝕⾹⬅

⚺⎕㹅⛡ⲕⅥㅝễᙩ⪕⾹⬅⚺⎕ㅁ⪕ọ⛝᳍᪁ㄩᙩ⪕᲎∎ㄭ

⛝⿩᳍ᱽ⿙᝕ᗩㅱ᳍[26]. ⳕㆎ㽂❭⽥⾹⬅ᶭ⿙᝕ᗩㅱᱽᵙ

ⳕㆎSPECT᪁㛱ㄵ㳵ᙩ⪕, ⳕ㇭ᶭᙩ⪕ Ớ ㅭ⪪ㅁ⪕ọ⾹ᙵ

ᶭᠵ᳍≅ゝᙩ⪕ᚙᛥ㽝⬆ㄭ㽁ᛉㅝ⇕㽅ᙩ⪕ᚙᛥọㄭ◽㪾 ㄥ≅ ᠙㉝ㅁᚙᛥọᛥ⠭᜹㽅㴑㬝❭⬆ㄭ㽁⿕ⳕ❩㇭ 䁁ㅹọ

⾹⬅ᱽ ⪕⏆⍉ᠵ㎩⿱㠊㽉Ⰱㅱᱽⳅᶭᶭㅱ᳍ᛉ 㽅᳍. ᳢ᯑ

⬚ ⏆⎲㎱䁁ㄩㅥ☁ㅡⳍ⑮ㅁᗩㆎ㩙㎱䁁ㅡᵙ, 㽅⿙᝕⾹⬅

ᱽ9,900⿕⑮ㅁ 䁁ㅹ ㅹ⊵⍥ Ἆ⇕᳆ㄭ ㅝを㽁⿕ 㽂Ⲟⳅ㤅⬅

AI᠙♾ㄭㅝを㽁⿕㎱䁁ㅁ ㉙᠙㎭᳑ㄭ㳹᳑㽁ᱽⳅ㿁⾹⬅⼱

ᛥㅁ⪕ọ⛝᳍᭻ㄩ ⬚ᛞ⍉ㄭ⛝ㅭㄭ⛝ᛉ㽅◽ᶭㅱ᳍ᛉ㽅᳍

[27].

III. 결 론

㝅៥⾹゙⎕㋥⚩⾹⬅ㅡᛞ㎩᲎ ⬅⠭ⲍᗩ⎷⼭㎩ᛉㅱ᳍. 㲢 ㇾㅭ┝⎵ Ⰱ㽲㽁ᱽ ᗭ᳑㽅 ᙬ❩㬙 ♽を ㈅㹱⾹ ㅝ⍝᠙ ᠵ㎩

᳍⽺㽁᳍. ㅹㄑ㋥㽲㘑, ᝕៩ㅁ ⼵㳵ᛉᱽㅥ☁ㅡọ⾹ᙵㅡᛞ㎩

᲎ⳅᳩᗩᶭↁ㽑ㄭ ⼵∡ᛉIBM 〼ⲑㄩㅁ⊵❭⽥ Ớᗪ ❭⽥

㇭┡ᗩọ⾹ᙵ ⏍゙ㅡ⪪㇪ㅡ䁅⽦⪪ㄭ⛝⿕㋥⾝⬅AIㅁᳩ㋺

䀽 ⳅᳩ⍥ ㅝᨭᱽᵙ ⬉ᶭ㇪ㅡ ⿖㽉ㄭ 㽁⿩᳍. ᳍⎵ ㅡᛞ㎩᲎

᠙Ⰹㄩ⼭㎪┝⍝ㅞ㎩⼳⽁ᛉ᠙Ⰹᛥ⿙ᚙḅ⪕ᛉọㅝ ᗭᗭㅝ

★⫆㽁⿕ ᳩ❩❭ㅁ ⪕ⅵọㅝ ⼭㎪ㄩ ゙䀡㇪ㅡ ☁∍ㅹ≅⬅ ᛞ

㉝㽁ᱽ ᵙᱽㅁ᝕ⳕㄭᗩ㎩ᛉㅱᱽᙬㄥ≅⛝ㅡ᳍. ㅝ⇙㝽⬡

≅⬅ᱽㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㅁ䀾ᳩ㇪をㄩ ⭵⠭ㅹ㇩㽖⾹❩ἓ㿩 ㅥㇾ᠙ ᗭ㎩⿙ḉᙬㄥ≅⛝⿕⬅ㅡᗭᛥㅡᛞ㎩᲎ㄭᳩ㹅≅㽁ᱽ᠙ᚭ

〩ㅁ ᛞ㉝⾹ᳩ㽅⿕⇕ ᗩ㎩ᛉ◥ㄭ㽝⽥ 㽉ᙬㅝ᳍. 㿭㆕ᠵ㎩

ㅁ 㝽⬡≅ᱽㅡᛞ㎩᲎᠙Ⰹㄩㅡᗭ⫆䁅⾹⎷ㄩ ᶭォㄭ㋭Ⰱ ᱽ ㅱㄥ᪁ 㝅㉮ ᚙㇾㄩ ㅡᗭㅝ 㮞㈅㽁ᱽ ☒㾎ㄥ≅ 㽁ᱽ ᙬㅝ

㿭㆕ㅁ ᠙㋩⾹⬅ᱽ 㽒⎕㇪ㅥ ᙬㅝ᳍.

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