INTRODUCTION
Faunal study for Lecithoceridae in Afrotropical Region has been poorly progressed as noted by Park et al.(2019) and Park and De Prins(2019), and the Afromoths site currently lists 133 species belonging to 22 genera for Lecithoceridae (De Prins and De Prins, 2019).
In case of Madagascar, the faunal study for the family Lecithoceridae was first initiated by Meyrick(1918), de- scribing Lecithocera acrosphales Meyrick and L. pyxinodes Meyrick. Later 23 additional species of the family were described from Madagascar by Pierre Viette during 1954- 1988(Minet and Thiaucourt, 2018). Of them, four species were of the genus Idiopteryx Walsingham and all the rest were placed in Lecithocera Herrich-Shäffer by him. All the types of the family described by Viette during that time are deposited in the Muséum national d’Historie naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France. In a preliminary study on the types in MNHN, authors found that all the Idiopteryx species do not belong to Lecithoceridae and most of the Lecithocera species described by him need to be transferred to new gen- era or other related genera as new combinations. A revision for the type species of the family will be separately prepared in a forthcoming article. In the meantime, a new genus of
the family is hereby described, based on the material from Madagascar.
The new genus, Parkiana Cho of Torodorinae, is char- acterized by the forewing very narrowly elongated with a unique venation apparently different from any known gen- era of the subfamily and the antenna with a creamy-white, median or distal part. The male genitalia are nearly not distinguishable from those of Thubdora, but the abdominal segments VII-VIII are not characteristically modified or lacking a pair of long hair-pencils.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study is based on the material collected from Madagascar in 2016. Dissected genitalia were stained main- ly with chlorazol-black and wings were stained using Dou- ble Stain(BioQuip Products, Inc., Compton, CA, USA).
Both were slide-mounted in Euparal. The colour standard for the descriptions of adults mainly followed Kornerup and Wanscher(1978). All the types will be placed in the Natural History Museum(NHMUK)(formerly the British Museum of Natural History), London, UK.
https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2020.36.2.037 Review article
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A New Genus, Parkiana Cho, gen. nov.
(Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae) from Madagascar, with Descriptions of Two New Species
Soowon Cho1,*, Jun-Mo Koo1, David J. L. Agassiz2
1Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
2Department of Life Sciences, Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London SW1A 2BD, UK
ABSTRACT
A new genus Parkiana Cho, gen. nov., belonging to Torodorinae of Lecithoceridae, is described from Madagascar, with two new species: P. matutinalis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov. and P. andasibensis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov. Although superficially similar to Thubdora Park, 2018, some of their morphological characters, such as wing venation, are unique and the species of the genus are grouped apart from Thubdora in a preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on COI barcode sequences. In addition to the specific descriptions, adults and genitalia for the two new species are illustrated.
Keywords: Africa, COI, new genus, new species, taxonomy
narrow, with wing venation different from any allied genera in Torodorinae, with R2 and R3 coincident, and with R4 and R5 stalked or R5 absent; antenna longer than the forewing length, with flagellum simply thickened, flattened in basal 1/3, then creamy white, dark brown in apical 1/5; while in case of the 2nd species, the antenna is simply thickened in basal 3/5, then creamy white subapically.
Detailed diagnostic characteristics of the genus are as fol- lows:
Head: Antenna longer than the forewing length; flagellum dark brown in basal 3/5, partially creamy white distally. La- bial palpus with 2nd segment thickened; 3rd segment slen- der, much longer than the 2nd.
Thorax: Forewing elongate, very narrow, with shiny, dark-yellowish-brown ground color; venation with R1 aris- ing from near middle of cell, R2 and R3 coincident; R4 and R5 stalked or R5 absent; M1 remote from R4+5 or R4 at base;
M2 close to M3 at base; CuA1 and CuA2 stalked for basal 1/3; 1A +2A forked near base; cell weakly closed. Hind wing slightly broader than forewing, dark brown; apex more or less obtuse; venation with either M2 present, M3 and CuA1 coincident, or M2 absent, M3 and CuA1 stalked; cell weakly closed before middle of wing; termen slightly con- cave medially; fringe concolorous with ground color.
Abdomen: Over all densely spinous on most dorsal terg- ites; segment VIII lacking modified sclerite.
Male genitalia: Similar to those of Thubdora, with elon- gated uncus, broadened apically; gnathos well-developed;
valva elongate, costa concave medially; cucullus elongate, upturned, densely setose; juxta broad, shield-shaped, with latero-caudal processes; aedeagus stout, as long as valva.
Etymology. The genus name Parkiana is a patronym hon- oring our colleague and a prominent microlepidopterist, Dr.
Kyu-tek Park, Korea.
Parkiana matutinalis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1A-C, 2A-D)
Type specimen. Holotype: male, Madagascar: Andasibe 960 m, 18°57′S, 48°25′E, 15-19 iv 2016, leg. D. Agassiz & K.
Larsen, gen. slide no. CIS-7328, COI barcode CBNU130.
Diagnosis. The new species can be distinguished from Thubdora species by the elongate forewing with different
related with P. andasibensis(max. p-distance, 7.4%), togeth- er positioned away from Thubdora(min.-max. p-distances between Parkiana and Thubdora, 8.2-15.0%).
Description. Male(Fig. 1A-C). Forewing length 6.5mm.
Head: Vertex dark brown with greenish hue. Antenna(Fig.
1B) slightly longer than forewing; flagellum dark brown, thickened with long hairs in basal 2/3, creamy white dis- tally, then dark brown in distal 1/9. Labial palpus with 2nd segment thickened; 3rd segment slender, about 1.5 times longer than 2nd.
Thorax: Forewing slightly delated distally; ground color dark yellowish brown, with a narrow, orange-white, strongly oblique, short line at about apical 1/5 of costa, which strong- ly angled on vein R4 and connected to indistinct postmedi- an line; costa slightly concave medially; apex more or less sharply produced; termen oblique, concave beyond apex;
venation(Fig. 2A) with R4 and R5 stalked for basal 2/3; R5 reaching termen beyond apex; 1A+2A long-forked at base;
cell weakly closed. Hind wing yellowish brown, slightly broader than forewing; costa slightly expanded anteriorly in basal half; apex produced; termen slightly concave; vena- tion with M1 separated from Rs near 2/3 the length of wing, M2 present; M3 and CuA1 coincident; cell weakly closed before middle of wing. Hind tibia with iridescent light-blue scales dorso-medially and dorso-apically(Fig. 1C).
Abdomen(Fig. 2D): Spinous zones on tergites.
Male genitalia(Fig. 2B, C): Uncus elongate, dilated api- cally. Gnathos broad basally, gradually bent from basal 2/3, sharply pointed apically. Tegumen weakly sclerotized, deep- ly emarginated on anterior margin medially. Valva broad ba- sally, then deeply concave on costa; ventral margin straight, distinctly notched between sacculus and cucullus; cucullus narrowly elongated, strongly upturned dorsally, with round apex, densely setous. Juxta shield-shaped, with heavily scle- rotized, long caudal lobes, slightly bent inwardly; caudal margin slightly convex at middle. Aedeagus stout, curved in S-shape, nearly parallel-sided; cornuti consisting of a long series of conic spines, longer than twice the length of aedea- gus.Distribution. Madagascar.
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin, matutinus(=of the morning) with Latin superlative ending, -alis.
Parkiana andasibensis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1D-G, 3A-E)
Type. Holotype: male, Madagascar: Andasibe 960m, 18°57′
S, 48°25′E, 15-19 iv 2016, leg. Agassiz & K Larsen, gen.
slide no. CIS-7398, COI barcode CBNU-127. Paratype: fe- male, same data as holotype, gen. slide no. CIS-7329, COI barcode CBNU-126.
Diagnosis. This new species can be distinguished from the preceding new species, P. matutinalis by wing venations of both wings: forewing with R3 and R4 coincident; hind wing with M2 absent, M3 and CuA1 stalked. Abdomen has char- acteristically with a pair of short hair-pencils on each dorsal surface of 4th, 5th, and 7th segment laterally.
Description. Male and female. Forewing length, 6.5-7.5 mm.
Head: Vertex yellowish brown. Antenna(Fig. 1G) longer than forewing; flagellum dark brown in basal 3/5, creamy white in distal 2/5. Labial palpus(Fig. 1F) with 2nd segment thickened; 3rd segment slender, about 1.5 times longer than 2nd.
Thorax: Dark yellowish brown dorsally. Forewing dark yellowish brown, scattered with dark-brown scales; mark- ings indistinct in male; costa strongly oblique beyond 3/4;
venation(Fig. 3A) with R4 reaching costa before apex; R5 absent; fringe with narrow, orange-white basal line, dark brown beyond. Hind wing brownish grey, darker than fore- wing; apex obtuse; venation with M2 absent; M3 and CuA1 stalked.
Abdomen(Fig. 3D): Over all densely spinous on most dorsal tergites, with a pair of short, hair-pencils on 4th, 5th, and 7th segment laterally.
A
D
F
B
C
E
G
Fig. 1. Adults. A-C, P. matutinalis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.: A, Holotype, male(right wings later removed for wing slide); B, Anten- na; C, Hind tibia. D-G, Parkiana andasibensis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.; D, Holotype, male; E, Paratype, female; F, Labial palpus of female, lateral view; G, Antenna of female.
Male genitalia(Fig. 3B, C): Uncus elongate, dilated api- cally; caudal margin nearly flat. Gnathos with median pro- cess broadened basally, nearly straight, bent downward api- cally. Tegumen weakly sclerotized, deeply emarginated on anterior margin medially. Valva broad basally; ventral mar- gin nearly straight, notched between sacculus and cucullus;
cucullus slightly narrowed toward apex, slightly upturned, densely setous. Juxta short, with heavily sclerotized, long caudal lobes, slightly bent inwardly; caudal margin slightly convex at middle. Aedeagus stout, broader than basal part of valva medially; longer than valva; cornuti consisting of two, long, linked series of conic spines, as long as 2/3 of aedea- gus.
Female genitalia(Fig. 3E): Caudal margin of sternite VIII deeply emarginated. Antrum funnel-shaped, membranous.
Ductus bursae narrowed posteriorly, broadly expanded and coiled medially, with numerous conic spines; ductus semi- nalis narrow, arsing from near middle. Corpus bursae large, ovate, with a small crescent signum posteriorly.
Distribution. Madagascar.
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type lo- cality, Andasibe.
DISCUSSION
The two new species described here are apparently within
A
B
D
C
Fig. 2. Venation and genitalia of Parkiana matutinalis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.: A, Wing venation(right forewing horizontally flipped in actual slide); B, Male genitalia, holotype, gen. slide no. CIS-7328, with close-up of uncus+tegumen; C, Aedeagus, with close-up of distal part; D, Abdomen. Scale bar for genitalia=0.5mm.
the same genus as supported by morphological and molecu- lar data. However, while the generic key for the family Lec- ithoceridae given by Gozmány(1978) was based mainly on wing venation, the venations of the two species seem to be somewhat different. Slight variations in wing venation may be a characteristic of the genus Parkiana, and we expect the characteristics of this new genus will become more obvious as we discover more species of the genus in the near future.
ORCID
Soowon Cho: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-0064 Jun-Mo Koo: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-6456 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
A
B
D
C
E
Fig. 3. Venation and genitalia of Parkiana andasibensis Cho & Agassiz, sp. nov.: A, Wing venation; B, Male genitalia, holotype, gen.
slide no. CIS-7398; C, Aedeagus; D, Abdomen; E, Female genitalia, gen. slide no. CIS-7329, with close-ups of abdominal sternite VIII and signum. Scale bar for male and female genitalia=0.5mm.
REFERENCES
De Prins J, De Prins W, 2019. Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species(Lepidoptera) [Internet]. Ac- cessed 1 May 2019, <http://www.afromoths.net>.
Gozmány L, 1978. Lecithoceridae. In: Microlepidoptera Pa- laearctica, Vol. 5-1(Eds., Amsel HG, Gregor F, Reisser H).
Georg Fromme & Co., Vienna, pp. 1-306.
Kornerup A, Wanscher JH, 1978. Methuen handbook of colour.
3rd ed. Eyer Methuen, London, pp. 1-252.
doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.1
Park KT, De Prins W, 2019. Re-examination of the type spec- imens of Lecithoceridae(Lepidoptera) deposited in Royal Museum for Central Africa(RMCA), Belgium, with de- scriptions of ten new species from DR Congo belonging to Thubdora Park and Torodora Meyrick. Zootaxa, 4571:451- 476. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4571.4.1
Received October 11, 2019 Revised January 31, 2020 Accepted January 31, 2020
