** ⦽ǎ⧕᧲ŝ⦺ʑᚁᬱ ᩑᙹᩑǍᬱ ([email protected])
**** ⦽ǎ⧕᧲ŝ⦺ʑᚁᬱ ᖁᯥʑᚁᬱ ([email protected])
Received June 11, 2013/ revised August 8, 2013/ accepted September 17, 2013
Copyright ⵑ 2013 by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0)
ǣǣȀȀǤǤȀͳͲǤͳʹͷʹȀ ǤʹͲͳ͵Ǥ͵͵ǤǤʹ͵ͳ
Ǥ ǤǤ
Ⳟ⟖⢢#♿⌾#ᇚᆾ#Ⳟኳ#㒾ⴲ⡦#⇧㣊ⷚⴖ#ⷂ′≻#⇍#㲂′≻#㣊⬓⮎#
↶㐖ᡒ#⮿㭣
ૈঃ ȵఢฅ ȵૈઽࢢ ȵୋপశ
Oh, Sang-Ho*, Ji, Chang-Hwan**, Oh, Young-Min***, Jang, Se-Chul****
Influence of Wave Chamber Slab on Wave Pressure on First and Second Wall of Perforated Caisson Breakwater
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effect of wave chamber slab on wave pressure along the first and second wall of the perforated caisson breakwater was investigated by performing physical experiment. The experiment was performed without and with the wave chamber slab of the perforated caisson by varying the front wall porosity. The discrepancy in magnitudes of the measured wave pressure along the both walls of the perforated caisson was apparent according to the existence of the wave chamber slab as significantly greater pressures were acquired for all the test cases when the wave chamber was closed upward by the slab. As a result, the magnitudes of the total wave force calculated by integration of the measured wave pressure also were much larger for the caisson breakwater having the wave chamber slab, exceeding the value based on the well known Takahashi's formula (Takahashi and Shimosako, 1994). With respect to the porosity of the front wall, meanwhile, higher pressures were obtained with a larger porosity, at both the first and second wall of the breakwater.
Key words : Caisson breakwater, Perforated caisson, Wave pressure, Wave chamber slab, Physical experiment
Ⅹಾ
ᯕᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⧕ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᄞၰ⬥໕ᄞᨱᕽ᮹❭ᦶᨱၙ⊹۵ᩢ⨆ᮥŁₑ⦹ᩡ݅. ᙹญ༉
⩶ᝅ⨹ᮡᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ᮹ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑၰᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱݡ⧕ᕽᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᮥᄡ⪵┅໕ᕽᯕᨕᲭ݅. ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡaߏ}ಽ
ส⩡ᯩᮥভᨱ۵༉ुᝅ⨹᳑Õᨱᕽᮁ᮹ၙ⦹íⓑ❭ᦶᯕ≉ाࡹᨩᮝ໑ᕽᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}᳕ᰍᨱෙࢱᄞᨱᕽ᮹ĥ⊂❭ᦶ₉ᯕ ۵ๅᬑ૽ಘ⦹íӹ┡ԍ݅. əđŝĥ⊂❭ᦶᮥᱢᇥ⦹ᩍĥᔑࡽᱥ❭ಆ᮹Ⓧʑᩎᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽ᮹Ğᬑa⍙ᮝ໑, ᯕ
ĞᬑಅḥTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱɝÑ⦽❭ಆsᮥᔢ⫭⦹ᩡ݅. ⦽⠙, ᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᨱᕽ۵ႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᄞၰ⬥໕ᄞᨱᕽ༉ࢱᮁŖ ශᯕⓕᙹಾⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩ݅.
áᔪᨕ ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽ, ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ, ❭ᦶ, ᮁᙹᝅߏ}, ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹
३؋ф२χėॡ
Fig. 1. Six Different Wave Phases on the Perforated Caisson Defined by Takahashi and Shimosako (1994)
1. ᕽು
ḡɩʭḡ݅᧲⦽⩶᮹ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽa}ၽࡹᨕ⧎อᨱ
ᱢᬊࡹᨩᮝ໑, ᯕᨱšಉࡽᩑǍࠥ⡎մíᙹ⧪ࡹᨕ᪵݅. ᮁŖ⍡ᯕ ᜉᨱšಉࡽᩑǍᵲᨱᕽaᰆฯᮡእᮉᮥ₉ḡ⦹۵äᮡၹᔍᮉᱡq
⬉ŝᨱšಉࡽᩑǍॅᯕ݅(Jarlan, 1961; Evans, 1990; Losada et al., 1993; Suh and Park, 1995; Isaacson et al., 2000; Suh et al., 2006). ⦽⠙, ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹۵❭ᦶᨱš⧕ᕽࠥᩍ్
ᩑǍॅᯕᙹ⧪ࡹᨕ᪵ᮝ໑(Takahashi and Shimosako, 1994; Allsop et al., 1996; Franco et al., 1998; Bergmann and Oumeraci, 2000;
Tabet-Aoul and Lambert, 2003; Liu et al., 2008), ǎԕ᮹Ğᬑ
Takahashi ❭ᦶŖ(Takahashi and Shimosako, 1994)ᯕᵝಽᔍ ᬊࡹŁᯩḡอ݅᧲⦽⩶ᔢၰᱽᬱᮥŁಅ⦽ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᖅĥᝅྕᨱ
⪽ᬊࡹʑᨱ۵⦽ĥᱱᮥaḡŁᯩ݅.
✚⯩, Takahashi᮹❭ᦶŖᮡᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵݉ᯝᮁᙹᝅᮁ
Ŗႊ❭ᱽᨱݡ⦽ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹đŝᨱɝÑ⦹Łᯩʑভྙᨱᔢᇡ
ߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵Ğᬑᨱݡ⧕ᕽ۵ᱢᬊ⦹ʑaᨕಖ݅. ᯝၹᱢᮝಽ۵
ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩᮥĞᬑᮁᙹᝅԕ❭ᦶᯕ⍅ḡ໑ᔢᇡߏ}ᨱ
┡ᔢಆᯕ᯲ᬊ⦹۵॒ᇡᱶᱢᯙ⬉ŝaฯʑভྙᨱaɪᱢᮁᙹᝅ
ᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵⩶┽᮹ႊ❭ᱽෝᖅĥ⦹۵äᯕၵ௭Ḣ⦽äᮝಽ
ಅᲙᯩ݅. ə్ӹ⩥ᰆᩍÕၰ✚ᙹ⦽⦥aᯩ۵Ğᬑᨱ۵ᮁᙹ ᝅᔢᇡߏ}ෝส۵⩶┽᮹ႊ❭ᱽŖᮥŁಅ⧕⦹۵Ğᬑࠥᔾʑ íࡹ໑, ᯕ్⦽Ğᬑᨕ۱ᱶࠥಽ❭ᦶ᮹Ⓧʑෝᔑᱶ⦹۵äᯕ┡ݚ
⦽ḡđᱶ⦹۵ߑฯᮡᨕಅᬡᯕᯩ݅. ᯕ᪡šಉ⦹ᩍ↽ɝᙹ⧪ࡽOh et al. (2013) ᮹ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑ᮹ᮁŖᱥ໕ ᄞ❭ᦶᇥ⡍ෝᱽ⦽ၵᯩḡอ, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑၰ
ᮁᙹᝅԕ⊂ᄞ❭ᦶᇥ⡍ᨱݡ⦽ᝅ⨹đŝ۵ᨧᨩʑভྙᨱᮁᙹᝅ
ᔢᇡߏ}a❭ᦶᨱၙ⊹۵ᩢ⨆ᨱš⦹ᩍᅕ݅ᝍࠥᯩ۵đುᮥࠥ⇽
⦹ḡ۵༜⦹ᩡ݅.
ᯕ్⦽ᱱᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğ ᬑၰᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱݡ⦽ᝅ⨹ᮥbbᙹ⧪⦹ᩍᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a⍡ᯕ ᜉႊ❭ᱽ᮹ᱥ໕ᄞၰ⬥໕ᄞ❭ᦶᨱၙ⊹۵ᩢ⨆ᨱݡ⦹ᩍŁₑ⦹ᩡ
݅. ᯕෝ᭥⧕ᕽ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᄞ᮹ᮁŖශᮥᄡ⪵┅໕ᕽᮁ
Ŗ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞၰᮁᙹᝅԕ⊂ᄞᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹۵❭ᦶᮥ⧉̹ĥ⊂⦹ᩍ
ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱෙᙹ⠪❭ᦶᇥ⡍ၰ❭ಆ᮹ᄡ⪵᧲ᔢᮥ
᳦⧊ᱢᮝಽá☁⦹ᩡ݅.
2. Takahashi ❭ᦶŖ
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⧕ĥ⊂ࡽᙹ⠪❭ᦶᮥTakahashi ᮹❭ᦶŖ(Takahashi and Shimosako, 1994)ŝእƱ⦹ᩡʑভྙ
ᨱᯕ❭ᦶŖ᮹⧖ᝍᱢᯙԕᬊᮥᦥ௹ᨱ᧞⦹ᩍᱽ⦹ᩡ݅.
Takahashi᮹❭ᦶŖᮡྕŖḢพᄞᨱݡ⦹ᩍᱽᦩࡽGoda᮹
❭ᦶᮥᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽᨱᱢᬊa܆⦹ࠥಾ⪶ᰆ⦽⩶┽ᯕ݅.
ྕŖḢพᄞŝ۵ݍญᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ᮹Ğᬑbᇡᰍᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹۵↽ݡ
❭ᦶᯕ❭᮹᭥ᔢ(phase)ᨱ݅í᯲ᬊ⧁ᙹᯩʑভྙᨱ❭ᦶ
Ŗࠥ ❭᮹ ᵲ⦽ ᭥ᔢ ᄥಽ ݅í ⠪aࢁ ⦥a ᯩᮝ໑
(Tanimoto and Takahashi, 1994), Takahashi ❭ᦶŖᨱᕽ۵Fig.
1ᨱᅕᯙäŝzᯕᩍᖐ}᮹ᕽಽ݅ෙ❭᮹᭥ᔢᮥŁಅ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig.
1 ᨱᕽCrest IᮡᮁŖᱥ໕ᄞᨱᕽaᰆⓑ❭ᦶᯕ᯲ᬊ⦹۵Ğᬑᨱ
⧕ݚ⦹໑, Crest IIa ၰIIb۵bbᮁᙹᝅ⬥໕ᄞᨱ∊Ċ❭ၰእ∊Ċ
❭ᱢ❭ಆ↽ݡsᯕ᯲ᬊ⦹۵Ğᬑᨱ⧕ݚ⦽݅. ੱ⦽Trough I, II, III۵ႊ❭ᱽᨱᇡᦶ(negative force)ᯕ᯲ᬊ⦹۵Ğᬑ᮹❭᮹᭥ᔢᨱ
ݡ᮲ࡽ݅.
Takahashi Ŗᨱෙᙹ⠪❭ᦶᇥ⡍۵∊Ċ❭ෝŁಅ⦽Goda ᮹❭ᦶŖ(Takahashi et al., 1993)ᨱᅕᱶĥᙹ Ł
Îၰ Ł
Ïෝ⡍⧉
┉⩶┽ಽᕽ݅ᮭŝzᯕ⢽⩥ࡽ݅.
Fig. 2. Wave Pressure Distributions on the Perforated Caisson at Crest IIa Defined by Takahashi and Shimosako (1994)
Table 1. Modification Factors for Horizontal Wave Forces on Perforated Caisson
Phase Value
Crest I
Ł¬Î=0.85, Ł¬Ï=0.4(if ķÝ= ×íÔÒ), 0.3/ķÝ(if ķÝð×íÔÒ) Ł¥Î=1.0, Ł¥Ï=0.4(if ķÝ= ×íÔÒ), 0.2/ķÝ(ifķÝð×íÔÒ) Ł«Î=0, Ł«Ï=0
Crest IIa
Ł¬Î=0.7, Ł¬Ï=0 Ł¥Î=0.75, Ł¥Ï=0
Ł«Î=Ï×îÐ¥(ifî¥ = ×íÎÒ), 1.0(if î¥ ð×íÎÒ), Ł«Ï=0.56(if ķÝ= ÏÒîÏÕ), 0.5/ķÝ(if ķÝðÏÒîÏÕ) Crest IIb
Ł¬Î=0.3, Ł¬Ï=0 Ł¥Î=0.65, Ł¥Ï=0
Ł«Î=1.4(if ¡ îƆ = ×íÎ), 1.6-2¡ îƆ(if×íÎ ï¡ îƆ ï×íÐ), 1.0(if ¡ îƆ > ×íÐ), Ł«Ï=0 Ɔ: the water depth in the wave chamber
: the width of the wave chamber
¥: the wave length at water depth Ɔ
Ǝ
Îá ×íÒÞÎ âĸßÞŁ
Îķ
ÎâŁ
Ïķ
Ý
Ïĸßƕ
ס
(1)
Ľ
Ýá ×íÔÒÞÎ âĸߣ
Ρ
(2)
ᩍʑᕽᅕᱶĥᙹ Ł
Î, Ł
Ïෝᱽ⦽ӹນḡ❭ີ░᮹ᱶ᮹۵
Goda᮹❭ᦶŖŝ࠺ᯝ⦹အಽᖅᮥᔾఖ⦹ᩡ݅. ⦽⠙, Ł
Î, Ł
Ï᮹
sᮡ᭥ᨱᕽᨙɪࡽᩍᖐ}❭᮹᭥ᔢᄥಽ݅íᵝᨕḡ໑, Fig. 2ᨱ
ᩩෝॅᨕᅕᯙäౝᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉႊ❭ᱽ᮹ᇡᰍᄥ᭥⊹ᨱᕽࠥ
݅íᱢᬊࡽ݅. อ᧞ᅕᱶĥᙹॅ᮹sᯕ1ᯕ໕Goda᮹❭ᦶŖ
ŝᯝ⊹⦹íࡽ݅. ᅙםྙᨱᕽ۵Crest I, Crest IIa ၰCrest IIb ᭥ᔢ ᨱݡ⦹ᩍᱥ໕ᄞ᮹ᮁŖᇡ( Ł
¬) ၰྕŖᇡ( Ł
¥), əญŁ⬥໕ᄞ( Ł
«) ᨱݡ⦽᳑ᱶĥᙹsᮥTable 1ᨱᱽ⦹ᩡ݅.
3. ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹
3.1 ਓਏডࢫࡦ෴
ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹ᮡ⦽ǎ⧕᧲ŝ⦺ʑᚁᬱ2₉ᬱ᳑❭ᙹ᳑(ʙᯕ53 m,
׳ᯕ1.25 m, ⡎1 m)ᨱᕽᙹ⧪ࡹᨩ݅. ᝅ⨹ᮥ⬉ᮉᱢᮝಽᙹ⧪⦹ʑ
᭥⧕ᕽᙹ᳑᮹᳦ႊ⨆ᮝಽᩑḢᇥ⧁❱ᮥᖅ⊹⦹ᩍᙹ᳑ෝ⡎0.6m ᮹Ųᙹಽ᪡⡎0.4m᮹⩲ᙹಽಽᇥ⧁⦹ᩍŲᙹಽᨱ۵ႊ❭ᱽ༉⩶
ᮥᖅ⊹⦹ᩡŁ, ⩲ᙹಽᨱᕽ۵☖ŝ᯦ᔍ❭ෝĥ⊂⦹ᩡ݅. ༉⩶ႊ❭
ᱽ۵᳑❭ʑಽᇡ░36m ਉᨕḥ⠪⠪⦽Ŕᨱᖅ⊹ࡹᨩᮝ໑, ႊ❭ᱽ
ᱥ໕⧕ᱡĞᔍ۵1/40ಽᰍ⩥ࡹᨩ݅.
༉⩶ႊ❭ᱽ᮹ᱽᬱᮡFig. 3ᨱᅕᯙäౝ׳ᯕ55 cm, ⡎59cm, ʙᯕ70cmᯕ໑, ⚍ᦥⓍตಽᱽ᯲ࡹᨕ׳ᯕ5.5cm᮹ᔍᕾษᬕऽ
᭥ᨱᖅ⊹ࡹᨩ݅. ႊ❭ᱽᱥ·⬥໕ᮝಽᇡ░᮹ᔍᕾษᬕऽʙᯕ۵༉
ࢱ21cmಽ࠺ᯝ⦹ᩡ݅. ႊ❭ᱽ۵ᮁᙹᝅᯕ1}ᯙᮁŖႊ❭ᱽ⩶
ᯕ໑, ᱥ໕ᮁŖᄞ᮹ᮁŖශ( © ) ᮡ20, 25, 30%ಽᄡ⪵┅Łᮁᙹᝅ
ᔢᇡߏ}۵ᩕÑӹᮥᙹᯩࠥಾᱽ᯲ࡹᨩ݅. Fig. 3ᨱᅕᯙ⍡ᯕᜉ
༉⩶᮹⊂໕ࠥ۵ᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑෝӹ┡ԕ໑, ⍡ᯕᜉ༉⩶ᱶ ໕ࠥ۵ᮁŖශᯕ20%ᯙĞᬑᨱ⧕ݚ⦽݅. ⦽⠙, ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞ᮹ᮁ
Ŗᇡ᭥⊹۵⍡ᯕᜉၵ݆ᮝಽᇡ░22cm ׳ᯕಽᇡ░⍡ᯕᜉᔢ݉ᦥ
௹5.5cmʭḡ27.5cm Ǎeᯕ໑, ᯕ۵⍡ᯕᜉ׳ᯕ᮹50%ᨱ⧕ݚ⦽
݅. ༉⩶ႊ❭ᱽ᭥ᨱ۵׳ᯕ10cmᯙᔢ⊹Ǎ᳑ྜྷᮥᖅ⊹⦹ᩡ݅.
ᅙᝅ⨹ݡᔢႊ❭ᱽ᮹ᱽᬱᮡ✚ᱶ⦽ᱢᬊḡᩎᮥᩝࢱᨱࢱŁᖁᱶࡽ
äᮡᦥܩḡอ, ᝅ⨹⇶ᮥ1:40ᮝಽaᱶ⦹ᩍ༉⩶ᱽᬱၰᝅ⨹᳑
Õđᱶ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 4ᨱ۵ᝅ⨹༉⩶ᯕ᳑❭ᙹ᳑ԕᨱᖅ⊹ࡽ
ᔍḥᮥᱽ⦹ᩡ݅.
Fig. 3. Front and Side View of the Caisson Model (unit: mm)
Fig. 4. Photograph Showing Experimental Setup of the Model
Table 2. Test Wave Conditions
Ƒ (s) ¡Ƒ (cm) Ƒ
1.35 6.3, 7.3, 10.0, 13.2, 16.3 0.025 ~ 0.065 1.88 4.8, 7.2, 9.5, 11.9, 14.7, 18.9, 23.9 0.012 ~ 0.061 2.44 8.0, 11.8, 16.1, 19.5, 23.1 0.015 ~ 0.043
2.71 11.8, 17.8, 23.1 0.020 ~ 0.039
3.2 ծ౸׆׆ࢫਓࢺ࣑
ᝅ⨹ᨱ۵ⅾ10}᮹❭Łĥෝᔍᬊ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᳑❭ʑᙹᝍᨱᕽ᮹
᯦ᔍ❭ၰ༉⩶ᯕᖅ⊹ࡽᙹᝍᨱᕽ᮹☖ŝ❭ĥ⊂ᨱbb3}ᦊᮥ,
ႊ❭ᱽ༉⩶ᱥ໕ᨱᕽ᮹ၹᔍᮉĥ⊂ᨱ3}ෝᔍᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ӹນḡ1 }᮹❭Łĥ۵ႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᨱᕽ᮹᪅ĥ⊂ᨱᔍᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ❭ᦶĥ ۵Fig. 3ᨱᅕᯙäౝᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞ(P2~P7) ၰᮁᙹᝅᄞ (P10~P15)ᨱbb6}ᦊᮥᖅ⊹⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᔢ⊹⎹Ⓧญ✙↽ᔢᇡ (P1) ᨱ1}, ᮁᙹᝅၵ݆(P8)ᨱ1}, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}(P9)ᨱ1}ෝ
⇵aಽᖅ⊹⦹ᩍⅾ15}ෝᖅ⊹⦹ᩡ݅. ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğ ᬑᨱ۵P9 ❭ᦶĥ۵ᖅ⊹ࡹḡᦫᦹ݅. ༉ु❭ᦶĥ᮹ᯱഭࠦ≉e
eĊᮡ800Hzᩡ݅.
ᝅ⨹ ᙹᝍᮡ༉⩶ᖅ⊹᭥⊹ᨱᕽ55 cmᩡŁ, ᝅ⨹❭۵Bret- schneider-Mitsuyasu ᜅ⟺✙ౝᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ᳑❭⦹ᩡ݅. ❭Łၰᵝ ʑaᕽಽ݅ෙⅾ20}᮹ᝅ⨹❭ෝ᳑❭⦹ᩡᮝ໑, Table 2ᨱᝅ⨹❭
᮹ᱽᬱᮥ᧞⦹ᩍӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. Table 2ᨱᕽ
Ƒ۵ᮁ᮹❭ᵝʑ, ¡
Ƒ۵ᮁ᮹❭Ł, Ƒ ۵❭⩶Ğᔍෝbbӹ┡ԙ݅. bᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᄥಽ
1000❭ᨱ⧕ݚ⦹۵e࠺ᦩ᳑❭⦹ᩍ❭Łၰ❭ᦶߑᯕ░ෝ≉ा
⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᇥᕾᅕ᳑༊ᱢᮝಽ⪽ᬊ⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍĥ⊂ᯕḥ⧪ࡹ۵࠺
ᦩႊ❭ᱽ༉⩶⊂໕ᨱᕽእॵ᪅ᩢᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅.
4. ᝅ⨹đŝ
ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹۵❭ᦶᇥᕾᮡOh et al.(2013)ŝษ₍aḡ ಽᝅ⨹᳑Õᄥಽᱥℕ≉ाᯱഭᵲᨱᕽⅩŝ⪶ශ0.4%ᨱݡ᮲ࡹ۵
⠪Ɂ❭ᦶ( ćƎ
×íÑÜ)ᮥĥᔑ⦹ŁᯕෝTakahashi and Shimosako (1994)a ᱽᦩ⦽ ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ ႊ❭ᱽᨱ ݡ⦽ ❭ᦶŖŝእƱ⦹ᩡ
݅. ᯕäᮡʑᅙᱢᮝಽTakahashi᮹❭ᦶŖᯕGoda᮹❭ᦶᮥ
⪶ᰆ⦽⩶┽ᯕ໑, Goda᮹❭ᦶŖᮡⅩŝ⪶ශ0.4%ᨱ⧕ݚ⦹۵ᔢ
᭥1/250❭᮹⠪Ɂ❭ᦶᨱݡ᮲ࡹʑভྙᯕ݅(van der Meer et al., 1994). ᅙᝅ⨹ᨱᕽ۵༉ुᝅ⨹᳑Õᨱݡ⦹ᩍ1000❭ෝ᳑❭⦹ᩡ
ʑভྙᨱ, ❭Ł᮹ԕฝ₉ᙽᮝಽᔢ᭥4}❭( Ǝ
ÎîÎ×××~ Ǝ
ÑîÎ×××)᮹↽ݡ
❭ᦶᮥ⠪Ɂ⦽äᯕ ćƎ
×íÑÜᨱ⧕ݚ⦽݅.
4.1 କվಧଲਈୢ࣠ୁۀ൞ࢫ൞ߚ
Fig. 5ᨱ۵ᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᯕ25%ᯙĞᬑ( © =0.25)ᨱᙹ⧪ࡽᝅ⨹
(a) (b)
Fig. 5. Distribution of p0.1%~p0.4% on the First Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab (When © = 0.25, Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 11.8 cm)
(a) (b)
Fig. 6. Comparison of ćƎ×íÑÜ on the First Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab for Different Front Wall Porosity (Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 11.8 cm)
ᵲᨱᕽ
Ƒ= 2.44 s, ¡
Ƒ= 11.8 cm ᯝভᨱᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞᨱᕽ
ĥ⊂ࡽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÎÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜ) ᮥ Ňƅ ¡
Ƒಽྕ₉ᬱ⪵⦹ᩍᱽ⦹
ᩡ݅. ᩍʑᕽ Ň ۵ྜྷ᮹ၡࠥ, ƅ ۵ᵲಆaᗮࠥ, əญŁ ¡
Ƒ۵ᮁ᮹❭Ł
ෝӹ┡ԙ݅. ᔢ᭥4}᮹ĥ⊂❭ᦶᮡ࠺❭ᦶᯕᦥܩ໑, bḡᱱᄥ
↽ݡ❭ᦶᮥӹ┡ԙ݅. Fig. 5(a)ᨱ۵ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑ, Fig. 5(b) ᨱ۵ᯩ۵Ğᬑ᮹əฝᮥbbᱽ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, bəฝᨱᕽ
ǖᮡᝅᖁᮡTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱᕽᱥ໕ᄞᨱaᰆⓑ❭ᦶᯕ᯲ᬊ
⦹íࡹ۵❭᮹᭥ᔢ(Takahashi and Shimosako (1994)ᨱᕽCrest Iᨱ⧕ݚ)ᯝভ᮹❭ᦶᮥӹ┡ԙ݅. Takahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱ᮹⦹໕ᮁ
Ŗᇡ᮹Ğᬑ᯲ᬊ❭ᦶᯕ᯲íĥᔑࡹʑভྙᨱFig. 5ᨱᅕᯙä
ౝᮁŖᇡ᪡ྕŖᇡ᮹Ğĥ໕ᨱᕽ۵❭ᦶᯕᇩᩑᗮᱢᮝಽᄡ⦹íࡽ
݅. Fig. 5ᨱᅕᯙᝅ⨹❭᳑Õ(
Ƒ= 2.44 s, ¡
Ƒ= 11.8 cm)ᨱᕽ۵
ᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱᔢšᨧᯕŖ☖ᱢᮝಽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶᔍᯕᨱⓑ₉ᯕ aᨧᨩᮝ໑, ݡℕಽTakahashi᮹❭ᦶŖŝᮁᔍ⦽⩶┽᮹❭ᦶ
ᇥ⡍ෝӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. ݅อ, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑ(Fig. 5(a))ᨱ
እ⧕ᕽᯩᮥভ(Fig. 5(b))᮹❭ᦶᯕ18.9% Ⓧíĥ⊂ࢉᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁
ᙹᯩᨩ݅.
⦽⠙, Fig. 6ᨱ۵ᯕ౨íĥ⊂ࡽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ᮹⠪Ɂᇥ⡍( ćƎ
×íÑÜ)
(a) (b)
Fig. 7. Distribution of p0.1%~p0.4% on the First Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab (When © = 0.25, Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 23.1 cm)
(a) (b)
Fig. 8. Comparison of ćƎ×íÑÜ on the First Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab for Different Front Wall Porosity (Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 23.1 cm)
ෝӹ┡ԕᨩᮝ໑, ᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᯕ20%ᯙĞᬑ( © =0.2) ᪡30%ᯙ
Ğᬑ( © =0.3)᮹đŝࠥ⧉̹ᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 6ᨱᕽᖙaḡᮁŖශ ᨱݡ⦽⠪Ɂ❭ᦶᇥ⡍۵ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑaᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱ
እ⧕ᕽ20.8% Ⓧíӹ┡ԍᮝ໑, ᯕäᮡFigs. 5(a) and (b)ᨱᕽӹ
┡ӽ❭ᦶ₉ᯕᨱᔢ᮲⦹۵đŝᯕ݅. ⦽⠙, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱ šĥᨧᯕ ćƎ
×íÑÜ᮹ᇥ⡍۵ᮁŖශᯕᕽಽ݅ࠥᕽಽእ⧉ᮥ
ᙹᯩ݅. ݅อ, Fig. 6(a)᮹Ğᬑ © =0.3 ᯙĞᬑᔢ⊹Ǎ᳑ྜྷᨱ᭥⊹
⦽aᰆ᭸᮹❭ᦶĥ(P1)ᨱᕽĥ⊂ࡽ⠪Ɂ❭ᦶᯕӹນḡࢱaḡ
Ğᬑ( © =0.2, 0.25) ᨱእ⧕ᕽ2႑aʭᯕ⍙۵ߑᯕäᮡᮁŖශ30%
ᯙĞᬑ᮹↽ݡ❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÎÜ) ᯕTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽ᧞3႑
ᱶࠥⓍíĥ⊂ࡽäᨱෙđŝᯕ݅. ə్ӹ↽ݡ❭ᦶᮥᱽ⦽ӹ ນḡᔢ᭥3}❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÏÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜ) ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵༉ࢱTakahashi ❭ᦶ
ᅕ᯲݅ᮡ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩ݅. ᯕౝTakahashi ❭ᦶᮥⅩŝ⦹۵
ⓑ❭ᦶᯕᔢ⊹Ǎ᳑ྜྷ᭥⊹ᨱᕽᝅ⨹ᵲ1⫭ĥ⊂ࡽᯕᮁ۵⪶⦹ḡ
ᦫḡอᯝᱢᮝಽⓑ❭a⧕ݚ❭ᦶĥ᭥⊹ᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹ᩡʑভྙᯙ
äᮝಽ⇵ᱶࡽ݅.
እಾFigs. 5 and 6ᨱᕽ۵ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞ᮹ᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶᇥ⡍
aᕽಽᮁᔍ⦹໕ᕽTakahashi᮹❭ᦶŝࠥᯝ⊹⦹ᩡŁ, ᱥ໕ᄞ
(a) (b)
Fig. 9. Normalized Integrated Wave Force Acting on the First Wall of Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab
ᮁŖශᨱෙ❭ᦶ₉ᯕࠥⓍḡᦫᮡĞ⨆ᮥӹ┡ԕᨩḡอᯕ్⦽
đŝa༉ुᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱݡ⧕ᕽᱢᬊࡹ۵äᮡᦥܩᨩ݅. Figs. 7 and 8 ᨱ۵Figs. 5 and 6ᨱᕽᅕᯙᝅ⨹❭᳑Õŝᵝʑ۵zŁ❭Ł۵
᧞2႑ᱶࠥࡹ۵
Ƒ= 2.44 s, ¡
Ƒ= 23.1 cmᯙĞᬑᨱݡ⦽đŝෝ
ᱽ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕəฝॅಽᇡ░Figs. 5 and 6ŝ۵Ǎᄥࡹ۵❭ᦶᇥ
⡍✚ᖒᮥၽč⧁ᙹᯩ݅. Fig. 7ᨱ۵ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱෙ
Ǝ
×íÎÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜ᮹ᇥ⡍aᱽࡹᨩᮝ໑ᦿᕽᅕᯙFig. 5᪡۵ݍญᔢ᭥
4}❭ᦶe₉ᯕa૽ಘ⦹íӹ┡ԉᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩ݅. ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡ
ߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑ(Fig. 7(a))ᨱ۵ᱶᙹ໕ᮥ⡍⧉⦹ᩍəᅕ݅ᦥ௹
ᨱᯩ۵❭ᦶĥ(P3~P7)ᨱᕽ۵ Ǝ
×íÎÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜe᮹❭ᦶ₉ᯕa7% ᯕ ԕᩡၹ໕ə᭥❭ᦶĥ(P1~P2)ᨱᕽ۵ Ǝ
×íÐÜၰ Ǝ
×íÑÜᨱእ⧕ᕽ
Ǝ
×íÏÜ۵20%, Ǝ
×íÎÜ۵83% ⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩ݅.
⦽⠙, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑ(Fig. 7(b))ᨱ۵ႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᄞ
ᱥ݉໕ᮥᕽ Ǝ
×íÎÜၰ Ǝ
×íÏÜ᮹ᇥ⡍a Ǝ
×íÐÜၰ Ǝ
×íÑÜᨱእ⧕ᕽ༉
ुĥ⊂ᱱᨱᕽ⭉ᦍⓑsᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. Ǝ
×íÑÜᨱእ⧕ᕽ Ǝ
×íÐÜ۵
2% ⍙ᮥᐱᯕḡอ, Ǝ
×íÏÜ۵37%, Ǝ
×íÎÜ۵40% ⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩ
݅. ੱ⦽Fig. 5(b)ᨱᕽᅕᯙĞ⨆ŝ۵ݍญ༉ुĥ⊂ᱱᨱᕽᔢ᭥4}
❭ᦶ᮹Ⓧʑa༉ࢱTakahashi ❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽⓍíĥ⊂ࡹᨩᮝ ໑, ⠪Ɂᱢᮝಽ۵ĥ⊂sᯕ❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽ48% ⍙݅. ⦽⠙, Fig.
8(b) ᨱᅕᯙäౝᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᨱෙ⠪Ɂ❭ᦶ( ćƎ
×íÑÜ) ᮹Ⓧʑࠥ
႒⦽₉ᯕෝᅕᩡ݅. © =0.2 ᯙĞᬑᨱእ⧕ᕽ © =0.25 ᯝভ۵9%,
© =0.3ᯝভ۵15% ⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨕᮁŖශᯕⓕᙹಾᮁŖᄞᱥ໕ ᨱᕽ᮹ᱥℕᱢᯙ❭ᦶⓍʑa⍅ḡ۵Ğ⨆ᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. ၹ໕ᨱᮁ
ᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱ۵Fig. 8(a)ᨱᕽ᪡zᯕᱶᙹ໕᭥ᨱ ᕽ᮹❭ᦶᇥ⡍۵ᕽಽ₉ᯕෝᅕᩡḡอ, ᮁŖශ᷾aᨱෙ❭ᦶ᮹
ⓍʑaᯝšࡽĞ⨆ᮥӹ┡ԕḡ۵ᦫᦹᮝ໑᭥ᨱᕽࠥᨙɪࡽäౝ
⦽ࢱ₉ಡ᮹ⓑ❭ᦶᯕᔢ⊹Ǎ᳑ྜྷᇡᇥᨱ᯲ᬊ⧉ᨱෙđŝಽӹ┡
ӹ۵⩥ᔢᮝಽ❭ᦦࡹᨩ݅.
Figs. 5~8ᨱᕽᅕᯙäౝᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱෙᮁŖᱥ ໕ᄞ᮹❭ᦶᇥ⡍۵ᇥ⦽₉ᯕෝӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. ༉ुᝅ⨹᳑Õᨱݡ
⧕ᕽᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵Ğᬑ᮹❭ᦶⓍʑaⓍíӹ┡ԍ ᮝ໑ᯝᇡᝅ⨹❭ᨱᕽ۵Takahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽ2~3႑ⓑ
ḡᱱᄥ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹʑࠥ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯕౝᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ
⦹۵Ğᬑ᮹❭ᦶᯕᯝšࡹíⓍíĥ⊂ࡹ۵ᯕᮁ۵ᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ
⦹۵Ğᬑᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖᇡෝ☖⧕ᕽ႑⇽ࡹḡ༜⦹Łԉᮡᮁᙹᝅԕ
Ŗʑaᦶ⇶ࡹᨩ݅arᯱʑ░ḡ໕ᕽᯕಽᯙ⧕ၽᔾࡹ۵ᦶಆᯕ
ᮁᙹᝅᄞℕၰᔢᇡߏ}ᨱᱥݍࡹʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ❭ᦦࡽ݅. ɝᅙ ᱢᮝಽTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᮡᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹ḡᦫ۵Ğ ᬑ᮹ᙹญ༉⩶ᝅ⨹đŝ(Takahashi and Shimosako, 1994)ᨱɝÑ
⦹ᩍ อॅᨕḥ ᯕʑ ভྙᨱ ᔢᇡ ߏ}a ᳕ᰍ⦹۵ Ğᬑᨱ۵
Takahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽⓑ❭ᦶᯕ≉ाࢁᙹᯩ݅. ݅อ, ᮁ ᙹᝅԕŖʑᦶ⇶ၰ░ḱ⩥ᔢᮡᝅ⨹❭᳑ÕᵲᨱᕽእƱᱢ❭⩶Ğᔍ aⓑᝅ⨹❭᮹Ğᬑᨱv⦹íၽᔾ⦹íࡹʑভྙᨱəĞᬑ❭ᦶ
ĥ⊂sŝTakahashi ❭ᦶŝ᮹₉ᯕࠥ⍅ḡíࡹ۵äᮝಽӹ┡
ԍ݅. Fig. 8ᨱᅕᯙäౝᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵Ğᬑᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශ ᯕⓕᙹಾᱥ໕ᄞ❭ᦶ᮹Ⓧʑa⍅ḡíࡹ۵äࠥᮁŖශᯕⓑĞᬑ
ฯᮡྜྷᯕᮁŖᇡෝ☖⧕ᕽᮁᙹᝅᦩᮝಽ⋉⚍⦹íࢉᨱ
ᮁᙹᝅԕᇡᨱᕽŁv⦽Ŗʑᦶ⇶ᮥᮁၽ⦹໕ᕽⓑ❭ᦶᯕ
ĥ⊂ࡹ۵äᮝಽᯕ⧕⧁ᙹᯩ݅.
Fig. 9 ᨱ۵20}᮹༉ुᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱݡ⧕ᕽᮁŖᱥ໕ᄞᨱᕽ
(a) (b)
Fig. 10. Distribution of p0.1%~p0.4% on the Second Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab (When ©
= 0.25, Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 11.8 cm)
ĥ⊂ࡽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ᮹⠪Ɂᇥ⡍( ćƎ
×íÑÜ)ෝĥᔑ⦹Łᯕෝᱢᇥ⦹ᩍ
ⅾ❭ಆ(
ƇƐƑƒ) ᮥĥᔑ⦽⬥ᯕෝTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱ᮹⧕Ǎ⧕ḡ ۵❭ಆ(
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ)ᮝಽྕ₉ᬱ⪵⦽sᮥ❭⩶Ğᔍ( Ƒ )ᨱš⦹ᩍӹ
┡ԕᨩ݅. ݉, ⅾ❭ಆĥᔑᨱ۵ᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖᇡ᮹ᮁŖශᨱෙ݉
໕ᱢqᗭෝŁಅ⦹ᩍĥᔑᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 9(a)ᨱᅕᯙäౝ
ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧᮥভ۵
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕݡℕಽ1 ɝᨱᕽ ⩶ᖒࡹᨩ݅. ݅อ, ᯝᇡᝅ⨹ᯱഭ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕ1.4 ᱶࠥᨱᯕ۵॒እƱᱢⓑĞᬑaᯩᨩ۵ߑ,
ᯕäᮡFigs. 6(a) and 8(a)ᨱᕽ᪡zᯕᱶᙹ໕᭥ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥ ᨱᕽ1~2⫭ᱶࠥTakahashi ❭ᦶᮥⓍíᔢ⫭⦹۵❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࢉᨱ
ෙđŝᯕ݅. ၹ໕ᨱ, Fig. 9(b)ᨱᅕᯙäౝᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a
ᯩ۵Ğᬑᨱ۵
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕݡℕಽ1ᅕ݅۵ⓑsᮥӹ
┡ԕᨩᮝ໑, ✚⯩❭⩶Ğᔍ( Ƒ )ᨱᕽ᷾a⦹۵Ğ⨆ᮥᅕᩡ݅. ᯕ ಽᇡ░ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵ĞᬑᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉᱥ໕ᄞᨱ᯲ᬊ
⦹۵❭ಆᯕTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᨱእ⧕ᕽⓍ໑, əᔢݡᱢᯙ₉ᯕ ۵❭⩶Ğᔍa⍅ḱᨱᕽᬒ᷾a⦹íࢉᮥᙹᯩ݅. ੱ⦽,
❭ᦶ᮹đŝ᪡ษ₍aḡಽᮁŖශ᷾aᨱᕽᱥ໕ᄞ᯲ᬊ❭ಆᯕ
⍅ḡíࢉᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩᨩ݅. © =0.2 ᯙĞᬑᨱݡ⦽ⅾ❭ಆ᮹᷾a ᮉᮡ © =0.25ᯝভ۵4.8%, © =0.3ᯝভ۵9.6%ಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕౝ
❭⩶ĞᔍၰᮁŖශ᷾aᨱෙ❭ಆ᮹᷾aĞ⨆ᮡᯕ్⦽᳑Õᨱᕽ
ᮁᙹᝅԕŖʑᦶ⇶ၰ░ḱ⩥ᔢᯕᛞíၽᔾ⦹ʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ
⇵ᱶࡽ݅.
⦽⠙, Oh et al. (2013)᮹Fig. 12(c)ᨱᕽࠥFig. 9(b)᪡ᮁᔍ⦽əฝ
ᮥᱽ⦽ၵᯩ۵ߑ, ᱥℕᱢᯙĞ⨆ᮡࢱəฝᯕᮁᔍ⦹ḡอ
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕOh et al. (2013)ᨱᕽ۵1.05~1.72᮹ჵ᭥ᩡၹ ໕ᅙםྙᨱᕽ۵1.06~2.53᮹ჵ᭥ಽᕽ
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕ
ݡℕಽⓍíᱽࡹᨩ݅. ᯕ్⦽₉ᯕaၽᔾ⦽ᯕᮁ۵Oh et al.
(2013) ᨱᕽᱽ⦽ᯝᇡđŝ᮹Ğᬑ❭ᦶĥ᮹ᬊప⦽ĥ॒᮹ྙᱽಽ
ᯙ⧕ᕽᮁᙹᝅԕv⦽Ŗʑᦶ⇶ᯕၽᔾ⦽Ğᬑ᮹ᯝᇡᝅ⨹ᯱഭᨱᕽ
❭ᦶ᮹↽ݡsᯕ᪉ᱥ⯩ĥ⊂ࡹḡ༜⧩ʑভྙᯕ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵
ᖁ⧪ᩑǍᨱᕽᯕ్⦽ྙᱽᱱᯕᯩᮭᮥၽč⦽⬥⧕ݚᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱ
ݡ⦹ᩍᬊపᯕⓑ❭ᦶĥෝ႑⊹⦹Łᰍᝅ⨹ၰᰍᇥᕾᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩍ
ᮁᙹᝅԕŖʑᦶ⇶ၽᔾᨱෙ∊Ċ❭ᱢ❭ᦶ↽ݡsᯕĥ⊂ࡹࠥ
ಾ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕᝅ⨹ᯱഭෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᇥᕾࡽđŝෝFig. 9(b)ᨱᱽ
⦹ᩡ݅.
4.2 କվಧଲਈบ࣠ୁۀ൞ࢫ൞ߚ
ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ⬥໕ᄞᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹۵❭ᦶᨱݡ⧕ᕽࠥᱥ໕ᄞ᮹Ğᬑ᪡
ษ₍aḡಽⅩŝ⪶ශ0.4%ᨱݡ᮲ࡹ۵ᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶᇥ⡍ෝŁ
ᯕෝ⠪Ɂ⦽❭ᦶ( ćƎ
×íÑÜ) ŝTakahashi᮹❭ᦶᮥእƱ⦹۵ᇥᕾᮥ
ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ⬥໕ᄞ᮹Ğᬑᯝၹᱢᮝಽ❭ᅪᯕ⬥໕ᄞᨱ
᭥⊹⦹۵ ᭥ᔢᨱᕽ aᰆ ⓑ ❭ᦶᯕ ၽᔾ⦹ʑ ᛍᬑ໑, ᝅᱽಽ
Takahashi ❭ᦶᨱᕽࠥᯕ్⦽᳑Õ(Takahashi and Shimosako (1994)ᨱᕽCrest IIbᨱ⧕ݚ)ᨱᕽ⬥໕ᄞ❭ᦶᯕaᰆⓍíĥᔑࡽ
݅. ᕽᅙᩑǍᨱᕽࠥᮁᙹᝅ⬥໕ᄞᨱᕽĥ⊂ࡽ❭ᦶᮥCrest IIb ᳑Õᨱᕽ᮹Takahashi ❭ᦶŝእƱ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 10ᮡᱥ໕ᄞ
ᮁŖශᯕ25%ᯙĞᬑ
Ƒ=2.44 s, ¡
Ƒ= 11.8 cm ᯙᝅ⨹❭ᨱݡ⦽
ྕ₉ᬱ⬥໕ᄞ❭ᦶĥ⊂đŝෝӹ┡ԙäᯕ݅. 4.1ᱩᨱᕽ᪡ษ₍a ḡಽFig. 10ᨱᅕᯙᔢ᭥4}ĥ⊂❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÎÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜ) ᮡ࠺❭ᦶᯕ
ᦥܩ໑bḡᱱᄥ↽ݡ❭ᦶᨱ⧕ݚ⦽݅. ᯕᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱᕽ۵ᮁᙹ ᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᨧÑӹ(Fig. 10(a)) ᯩ۵(Fig. 10(b)) Ğᬑ༉ࢱᔢ᭥
4}ĥ⊂❭ᦶ᮹sᯕⓑ⠙₉ෝᅕᯕḡᦫᦹ݅. ੱ⦽, ĥ⊂❭ᦶ᮹Ⓧ
(a) (b)
Fig. 11. Comparison of ćƎ×íÑÜ on the Second Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab for Different Front Wall Porosity (Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 11.8 cm)
ʑ۵ᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑ᪡ᯩ۵Ğᬑ༉ࢱTakahashi ❭ᦶŝ
እƱᱢᯝ⊹⦹۵Ğ⨆ᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. ⦽⠙, Fig. 11ᨱ۵ᱥ໕ᄞᮁ
Ŗශᯕ20, 25, 30%ᯙĞᬑbbᨱݡ⧕ᕽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ᮹⠪Ɂᇥ⡍
( ćƎ
×íÑÜ)ෝᱽ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱᕽ۵ᔢᇡߏ}ᮁྕᨱᔢ šᨧᯕᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᯕ݅ᨱࠥᇩǍ⦹Ł ćƎ
×íÑÜ᮹ᇥ⡍aݡℕಽ
እ⧉ᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩ݅.
ə్ӹFigs. 12 and 13ᨱᅕᯙäౝᵝʑ۵zḡอ❭Ł۵2႑
ᱶࠥಽⓑ
Ƒ=2.44 s, ¡
Ƒ=23.1 cmᯙ᳑Õᨱᕽ۵ᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ⬥໕ ᄞᨱᕽ᮹ᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ᮹ᇥ⡍ၰə⠪Ɂ❭ᦶ᮹ᮁŖශᨱෙ₉ᯕ aᱥ⩡݅ෙ✚ᖒᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. Fig. 12(a)ᨱᕽ᪡zᯕᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡ
ߏ}aᨧ۵ĞᬑᨱࠥᱥၹᱢᮝಽTakahashi ❭ᦶᮥⅩŝ⦹۵❭
ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩ݅. ✚⯩ᱶᙹ໕ၰə᭥ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥ(P10~P11)
᪡ᮁᙹᝅ⦹ᇡ⊂(P14~P15)ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥᨱᕽᔢݡᱢᮝಽⓑ❭
ᦶᯕ≉ाࡹᨩ݅. ⦽⠙, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}aᯩ۵Ğᬑᨱ۵ᯕ᪡۵݅
ෙ✚ᖒᯕӹ┡ԍ۵ߑᱶᙹ໕ၵಽᦥ௹ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥ(P12) ၰᮁ
ᙹᝅ⦹ᇡ⊂❭ᦶĥ(P14~P15)ᨱᕽⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩᮝ໑əⓍʑ ۵Takahashi ❭ᦶ᮹2႑ᯕᔢᯕࢁᱶࠥಽๅᬑ⍙݅. ✚⯩, ᯕĞᬑ ᨱ۵ᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶeⓍʑaๅᬑ૽ಘ⦽₉ᯕෝӹ┡ԕᨩ݅.
⦽⠙, Fig. 13ᨱᕽᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖශᨱෙ⠪Ɂ❭ᦶ( ćƎ
×íÑÜ) ᮹ᇥ⡍
ෝᔕ⠕ᅕ໕, ᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑ(Fig. 13(a))ᨱ۵ݡℕಽᮁŖශ ᨱෙ❭ᦶᇥ⡍᮹₉ᯕaⓍḡᦫᦹ݅. ᱶᙹ໕ၵಽᦥ௹ᨱ᭥⊹⦽
❭ᦶĥ(P12) ĥ⊂ᯱഭෝᱽ⦹໕ᮁŖශᨱෙ❭ᦶⓍʑ۵2%
ᯕԕᨱᇩŝ⦹ᩡ݅. ݅อ, ᱶᙹ໕ၵಽᦥ௹ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥ(P12)ᨱ ᕽ۵ᮁŖශᯕ20%ᯙĞᬑ( © =0.2)᮹⠪Ɂ❭ᦶᇥ⡍aaᰆⓍíӹ
┡ԍ۵ߑ, ↽ݡ❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÎÜ)᮹sᯕ݅ෙᮁŖශ᳑Õ( © =0.25 ੱ۵
0.3)ᨱእ⧕ᕽ30% ᯕᔢⓍíĥ⊂ࢉᨱෙđŝᯕ݅. ᯕ్⦽⩥ᔢ
ᮡ © =0.2ᯝভ᮹ᝅ⨹ᵲ Ǝ
×íÎÜᨱ⧕ݚ⦹۵❭ᦶᮥᮁၽ⦽✚ᱶ⦽⦹
ӹ᮹❭aᮁŖ⍡ᯕᜉ⬥໕ᄞᨱⓑ❭ᦶᮥ᯲ᬊ⎑ʑভྙᨱӹ┡ӽ
đŝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅. ✚ᄥ⯩, ᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱ۵ᱥℕ20}
ᝅ⨹❭ᵲ2}ᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱᕽ © =0.25 ੱ۵0.3ᯝভᨱእ⧕ᕽ ©
=0.2ᯝভ⩥ᱡ⦹íⓑ∊Ċ❭ᱢ❭ᦶᯕᱶᙹ໕ၵಽᦥ௹ᨱ᭥⊹⦽
❭ᦶĥ(P12)ᨱᕽĥ⊂ࡹᨩ݅. ᯕౝ © =0.2ᯝভᨱอ✚Ḷᱢᮝಽ
ⓑ❭ᦶᯕ⬥໕ᄞᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹íࡹ۵ᯕᮁ۵ᯕĞᬑእಾᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ }۵ᨧḡอᔢݡᱢᮝಽᮁᙹᝅᱥ໕ᄞᮁŖᇡ໕ᱢᯕaᰆ᳢ᦥᕽ
∊Ċ❭⩶┽ಽᮁᙹᝅԕಽ⋉⚍⦽ྜྷ᮹ᯝᇡaᙽeᱢᮝಽᮁᙹᝅ
ԕᨱ₉⠱ࡹ۵⬉ŝ᪡šಉᯕᯩᮥäᮝಽ⇵ᱶࡽ݅.
ၹ໕ᨱ, ᔢᇡߏ}aᯩᮥভ(Fig. 13(b))ᨱ۵ᱥၹᱢᮝಽ۵ᮁŖ ශᯕ᷾a⧉ᨱ5~15% ᱶࠥⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹ۵Ğ⨆ᯕӹ┡
ԍᮝ໑, ᯕ۵ᱥ໕ᄞᨱᕽӹ┡ԍđŝ᪡zᮡĞ⨆ᯕᨩ݅. ə్ӹ
ᱶᙹ໕ၵಽᦥ௹ᨱ᭥⊹⦽❭ᦶĥ(P12)ᨱᕽอⓝᮡ݅ෙĥ⊂ᱱᨱ
እ⧕ᕽ1.5~2႑ᱶࠥࡹ۵ๅᬑⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡹᨩᮝ໑, ੱ⦽ᮁŖශ ᯕ᯲ᮥᙹಾᔢݡᱢᮝಽⓑ❭ᦶᯕӹ┡ԍ݅. ੱ⦽Fig. 12(b)ᨱᕽ
ࠥᙹᯩॐᯕ↽ݡ❭ᦶ( Ǝ
×íÎÜ)ᮡྜྷುӹນḡ3}᮹ᔢ᭥ĥ⊂❭ᦶ ( Ǝ
×íÏÜ~ Ǝ
×íÑÜ)ᨱᕽ༉ࢱᯕ్⦽vಆ⦽❭ᦶ᯲ᬊ⩥ᔢᯕš⊂ࡹᨩ݅.
ך⪵ࡽእॵ᪅š⊂ᩢᔢᮥšₑ⧕ᅙđŝႊ❭ᱽᱥ໕ᨱᕽᘥ❭a
ၽᔾ⦹໕ᕽǭ❭(plunging)᪡ᮁᔍ⦽⩶┽ಽḢᱲᮁᙹᝅԕಽྜྷᯕ
⋉⚍⦹໕ᕽ⬥໕ᄞᨱḢᱲྜྷᯕᇡঋ⋁ভᯕ్⦽⩥ᔢᯕၽᔾ⦹ʑ
ᛍᬑ໑, ᮁᙹᝅᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵Ğᬑᮁᙹᝅԕᨱᕽᙽeᱢᮝಽ
ྜྷᯕh⯩ʑভྙᨱᔢᇡߏ}aᨧ۵Ğᬑᨱእ⧕ᕽᔢݡᱢᮝಽ
ⓑ❭ᦶᯕĥ⊂ࡽäᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅.
(a) (b)
Fig. 12. Distribution of p0.1%~p0.4% on the Second Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab (When ©
= 0.25, Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 23.1 cm)
(a) (b)
Fig. 13. Comparison of ćƎ×íÑÜ on the Second Wall of the Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab for Different Front Wall Porosity (Ƒ = 2.44 s, and ¡Ƒ = 23.1 cm)
ษḡสᮝಽ, Fig. 14ᨱ۵20}ᱥℕᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱݡ⧕ᕽ⬥໕ᄞ ᨱᕽĥ⊂ࡽᔢ᭥4}❭ᦶ᮹⠪Ɂᇥ⡍( ćƎ
×íÑÜ) ၰTakahashi ❭ᦶ
ᮥᯕᬊ⦽❭ಆĥᔑsᮥእƱ⦹ᩍᱽ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 14(a)ᨱᅕᯙä
ౝᔢᇡߏ}aᨧᮥĞᬑᨱ۵
¬ƃƁƍƌƂî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕݡℕಽ
1 ɝᨱᇥ⡍⦹ᩡᮝӹᯝᇡᝅ⨹❭᳑Õᨱᕽ۵1.5ᯕᔢࡹ۵ⓑsᮥ
ӹ┡ԕʑࠥ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕäᮡ᭥ᨱᕽᨙɪ⦽äౝᱶᙹ໕ɝᨱᕽ
ๅᬑv⦽∊Ċ❭ᱢ❭ᦶᯕ1~2⫭ᱶࠥ⬥໕ᄞᨱ᯲ᬊ⦹íࢉᨱෙ
đŝᯕ݅. ၹ໕ᨱ, ᔢᇡߏ}a᳕ᰍ⦹۵Ğᬑᨱ۵
¬ƃƁƍƌƂî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᮹sᯕݡℕಽ1ᅕ݅۵ⓑsᮥӹ┡ԕᨩᮝ໑❭⩶Ğᔍ( Ƒ )a᷾a
⧉ᨱɪĊ⦹í⍅ḡ۵Ğ⨆ᮥᅕᩡ݅. ᯕ్⦽đŝ۵ᦿᕽ
ƇƐƑƒî
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇᨱݡ⦽ĥᔑđŝ᪡ๅᬑᮁᔍ⦽Ğ⨆ᯕḡอ, ᱥ໕ ᄞ᯲ᬊ❭ಆ(
ƇƐƑƒ)ᨱእ⧕ᕽ⬥໕ᄞ᯲ᬊ❭ಆ(
¬ƃƁƍƌƂ)ᯕᔢݡᱢ ᮝಽ❭⩶Ğᔍa᯲ᮡĞᬑ( Ƒ ï ×í×Ñ ) ᨱ۵Takahashi ❭ᦶᨱ᮹
⦽đŝ(
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ)᪡ᮁᔍ⦽ၹ໕❭⩶Ğᔍa⍅ḡíࡹ໕( Ƒ ⴍ 0.04) ᪅⯩ಅ
ſƉſƆſƑƆƇ᪡᮹⠙₉a⍅ḡ۵Ğ⨆ᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅.
ੱ⦽, Fig. 14(b)ᨱᕽᮁŖශᯕ᷾a⧉ᨱᕽ⬥໕ᄞ᯲ᬊ❭ಆࠥ
ݡℕಽ⍅ḡ۵Ğ⨆ᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩᨩ݅. © =0.2 ᯙĞᬑᨱݡ⦽ⅾ❭
ಆ᮹᷾aᮉᮡ © =0.25ᯝভ۵5.2%, © =0.3ᯝভ۵11.4%ಽӹ┡
(a) (b)
Fig. 14. Normalized Integrated Wave Force Acting on the Second Wall of Perforated Caisson (a) Without and (b) With the Wave Chamber Slab
