Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Yacon, Ginger and Blueberry on Growth, Feed Utilization, Serum Chemistry and Challenge Test against Streptococcus iniae of Juvenile Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli

823

Copyright © 2016 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science pISSN:0374-8111, eISSN:2287-8815

서 론

조피볼락

(Sebastes schlegeli)

^{은우리나라에서}

1980

년대말부 터양식이시작되어

2015

년어류양식총생산량

(85,448

톤

)

중에 서넙치

(45,759

톤

:

어류양식총생산량의

53.6%)

다음으로높은 양식생산고

(18,774

^톤

:

^{어류양식총생산량의}

22.0%)

^를보이고

있다

(KOSIS, 2016).

이러한조피볼락의양식산업적중요성때

문에조피볼락용배합사료내주요영양소요구량

(Kim et al., 2001; Cho et al., 2015),

배합사료내지질에대한탄수화물의 적정비율

(Lee and Kim, 2009),

다양한사료원료에대한소화 율

(Lee, 2002),

^{적정사료공급횟수와공급율}

(Lee et al., 2000;

Mizanur et al., 2014),

^{배합사료내어분대체를위한동물성과} 식물성단백질원개발

(Lee et al., 1996; Jeon et al., 2014)

및

ly- sozyme

활성향상

(Hwang et al., 2013)

과

Vibrio alginolyticus

감염에대한면역력향상을위한사료첨가제개발

(Kim et al., 1999)

등에대한다양한연구가보고된바있다

.

최근어류의연중양식으로인한질병발생으로대량폐사가 빈번하게발생하고있으며

,

이로인하여양식어민들의경제적 손실은아주심각한실정이다

.

이러한대량폐사를감소시키기 위하여어류용배합사료내합성항생제를일반적으로사용하고 있는실정이다

.

그러나합성항생제의사용은항생제내성증가

,

어류내항생제잔류및환경오염등의심각한문제를야기시킬

배합사료내 야콘, 생강 및 블루베리 첨가에 따른 조피볼락 (Sebastes schlegeli) 치어의 성장, 혈액성상 및

Streptococcus iniae 감염에 미치는 영향

이기욱·김희성·조성환*·박찬일

¹

·하민수

²

한국해양대학교 해양생명과학부, 경상대학교 해양생명과학과¹, 대한사료㈜²

Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Yacon, Ginger and Blueberry on Growth, Feed Utilization, Serum Chemistry and Challenge Test against

Streptococcus iniae of Juvenile Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli

Ki Wook Lee, Hee Sung Kim, Sung Hwoan Cho*, Chan-Il Park

¹

and Min-Su Ha

²

Division of Marine BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 49112, Korea

1

Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea

2

Daehanfeed Co., Ltd., Incheon 22300, Korea

Yacon (YC), ginger (GG) and blueberry (BB) were added to the diet of juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegeli to inves- tigate the effects of these substances on growth, feed utilization and resistance to Streptococcus iniae compared to feed additive ethoxyquin. A total of 480 fish were distributed in 12 tanks and four experimental diets [control (Con), with 0.01% ethoxyquin, and 1% YC, GG and BB diets] were provided in triplicate. After an 8-week feeding trial, 20 fish from each tank were infected with Streptococcus iniae . Fish fed the BB diet had higher weight gain than fish fed the GG and Con diets. Feed efficiency of fish fed the GG and YC diets was higher than that of fish fed the BB and Con diets. The protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the GG diet was higher than that of fish fed any other diet. The cumulative mortality 54 h after infection of fish fed the Con diet was higher than that of fish fed any other diet. These results indicate that YC, GG, and BB are effective dietary additive, not only improving growth performance and feed utilization but also lowering the mortality of juvenile rockfish exposed to S. iniae .

Key words: Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli , Streptococcus iniae , Cumulative mortality

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2016.0823 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(6) 823-829, December 2016

Received 6 October 2016; Revised 30 November 2016; Accepted 5 December 2016

*Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 51. 410. 4755 Fax: +82. 51. 404. 4750

E-mail address: [email protected]

수있기때문에우리나라를포함한여러나라에서는어류용배 합사료내합성항생제의사용을전면금지하고있는실정이다

(WHO, 2006).

따라서환경오염이나양식대상어종에대한인

간을위한식품으로서의안정성및이용성에악영향을미치지 않는새로운천연소재의사료첨가제개발은미래에도지속적 으로이루어져야한다

.

야콘

[Yacon (YC), Polymnia sochifolia Poeppig & Endli- cher]

은항산화활성을가지는

polyphenol

을함유하고있으며

(Kim et al., 2010; Park et al., 2012),

육상동물에경구투여시 항산화효과가증가한다고보고된바있다

(Kim, 2013). Choi et al. (2010)

^{는야콘잎이}

Staphylococcus aureus

^{에대한항균활} 성을보인다고보고하였다

.

또한

Kim et al. (2016)

은

YC

이다 른자연소재의다양한사료첨가제보다조피볼락의성장과사료 의이용성개선에효과적인것으로보고하였다

.

생강

[Ginger (GG), Zingiber officinale Roscoe]

^{은항생제효} 과를가지는것으로알려진

gingerols

^와

shogaol

^{을 함유하고} 있으며

(Sebiomo et al., 2011),

항균효과

(Ekwenye and Ele- galam, 2005)

및항산화활성

(Balestra et al., 2011)

효과를가지 는것으로알려져있다

. Akintobi et al. (2013)

은생강추출물이

Salmonella typhi

^와

Proteus mirabilis

^{세균에대한우수한증식} 억제력을가지며

,

^{항균성화합물을다량함유하여항생제대체} 원으로이용가능하다고보고하였다

.

배합사료내생강의첨가 는몇몇어종에있어서성장개선효과뿐만아니라질병저항 성에효과적인것으로보고된바있다

(Nya and Austin, 2009;

Talpur et al., 2013; Hassanin et al., 2014).

블루베리

[Blueberry (BB), Vaccinium ashei Reade]

^{는 항산} 화활성을가지는

anthocyanin

을함유하고있으며

(Jeong et al., 2012; Vizzotto et al., 2013; Deng et al., 2014),

육상동물에경 구투여시항산화효과가나타난다고보고된바있다

(Dunlap et al., 2006; Molan et al., 2008; Papandreou et al., 2009).

이와같이식물기원의자연소재원료는양어용배합사료내 항산화제또는항생제의대체사료첨가제로서이용가능한것 으로생각된다

.

합성항산화제인

ethoxyquin (6-ethoxy-2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline; EQ)

는양어용사료의산화 를줄이기위하여사료첨가제로널리이용되고있으며

(Thoris- son et al., 1992), Wang et al. (2015)

^은농어

(Lateolabrax ja- ponicus)

^{치어의최대성장을위한}

EQ

의사료내적정첨가농 도를

13.78 mg/kg diet

인것으로보고하였다

.

Streptococcus sp.

는조피볼락에서높은병원성을보이는질 병으로서통영해역에서양식중이던어류에있어서대량폐사가 빈번하게보고된바있다

(Choi et al., 2010; Jung et al., 2012).

따라서본연구에서는연쇄구균에의한대량폐사를감소시키 기위한사료첨가제개발을위하여배합사료내

YC, GG

및

BB

첨가에따른조피볼락의성장

,

혈액성상및

S. iniae

감염에미 치는영향을일반적인배합사료내항산화제인

EQ

첨가사료와 비교하였다

.

재료 및 방법

실험어 및 사육 조건

실험에서사용된조피볼락치어는경남통영에위치한개인양 어장에서구입하여사육실험환경에

2

^{주간적응시켰으며}

,

^적응 기간동안에는

1

일

2

회충분한양의배합사료

(

상품사료

:

조단백 질

52%,

조지질

12%)

를어체의

2-4%

가량공급하여주었다

.

조 피볼락치어

[

시작시마리당평균체중

(Mean±SE: 4.3±0.01 g)]

는

12

개의

50 L

사각형유수식플라스틱수조

(

수량

: 45 L)

에 각각

40

^{마리씩수용하였다}

.

^{각수조당환수량은}

1.41 L/min

^이 었으며

,

각각의수조에는충분한

aeration

을시켜주었다

. 실험사료의 준비

조피볼락용실험사료의사료조성표는

Table 1

과같다

.

어분과 발효대두박을실험용사료내단백질원으로공급하였으며

,

소 맥분을탄수화물원으로공급하였다

.

^{그리고오징어간유와대} 두유를실험용사료내지질원으로공급하였다

. 0.1%

소맥분대 신에합성항산화제인

EQ (

천하제일사료

,

한국

)

를첨가한사료

를대조구

(Con)

사료로이용하였다

. 1%

소맥분대신에상업적

으로시판중인자연소재의사료첨가제

YC, GG

및

BB (

토종마 을

,

^한국

)

^를각각

1%

^{씩첨가하여실험사료로제조하여이용하} 였다

.

실험사료원료는잘혼합한후물과

3:1

의비율로섞어서 실험실용 펠렛제조기를이용하여 실험사료를제조하였다

.

제 조한실험사료는그늘에서건조시킨후

-20℃

냉동고에보관하 면서필요시마다소량씩사용하였다

.

모든실험어는

8

주에걸 쳐서매일

1

^일

2

^회

(09:00, 17:00)

^{씩손으로만복시까지사료를} 공급하여주었다

.

일반성분 분석

실험사료의수분

,

조단백질

,

조지방및회분을

AOAC

표준 방법

(1990)

에따라분석하였다

.

조단백질은

Kjeldahl method (Auto Kjeldahl System, Buchi B-324/435/412, Switzerland)

과조지방은

ether-extraction method

으로분석하였으며

,

조회 분은

550°C

회화로에서

4

시간동안태운후정량하였고

,

수분은

105°C dry oven

에서

24

시간건조시킨후측정하였다

. 채혈 및 혈액성상 분석

8

^{주간의사육실험종료시}

1

^{일간절식시킨이후}

,

^{각수조에서}

생존한조피볼락을무작위로

5

마리씩샘플하여

50 ppm

의아 미노안식향산 에틸수용액으로마취한후 미부정맥에서채혈 하여혈청을분리하였으며

,

분리된혈청을혈액성상분석에사 용하였다

.

조피볼락의 혈액은

Automatic Chemistry System

(HITACHI 7180/7600-210, Hitachi, Japan)

^{을이용하여}

total

protein, total cholesterol, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

(GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT)

와

triglyceride

함량을측정하였다

.

S. iniae에 의한 공격성 실험(challenge test) 8

주간의사육실험종료시각각의사육수조에서생존한조피 볼락을무작위로

20

마리씩선별하여

7.9×10

⁶

CFU/L

농도의

S. iniae (FP5024)

를

0.1 mL

씩복강내주사하여인위적으로감 염시켰다

.

감염이후총

7

일간누적폐사율을관찰하였으며

,

감 염이후처음

4

^일간은

6

^{시간간격으로나머지}

3

^일동안은

12

^시 간간격으로실험어의폐사여부를관찰하여서폐사한개체는 관찰즉시제거하였다

.

세균공격성실험기간동안에실험어는

절식시켰으며

,

^{지수식으로유지시켰다}

. 통계 분석

One-way ANOVA

와

Duncan’s multiple range test (Duncan, 1955)

로서

SAS version 9.3 program (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA)

을이용하여각실험구간의유의성을검정하였다

.

결과 및 고찰

조피볼락용배합사료내다양한사료첨가제가포함된실험사 료를

8

^{주간공급후조피볼락의생존율}

,

^{어체중증가및일일성} 장율을

Table 2

에나타내었다

.

조피볼락의생존율은

100%

로 서사육실험기간동안폐사는전혀관찰되지않았다

.

그러나어 체중증가는

BB

사료를공급한실험구가

Con

과

GG

사료를공 급한실험구보다유의적으로높게나타났으나

(P<0.05), YC

^사 료를실험구와는유의적인차이가없었다

(P>0.05).

^{일일성장율} 은

YC, GG

와

BB

사료를공급한실험구에서

Con

실험구보다 유의적으로높았다

(P<0.05).

^{이와유사하게}

Kim et al. (2016)

에서는대조구

(

무첨가구

)

사료를공급한실험구보다

YC, GG

와

BB

사료를공급한실험구가조피볼락의우수한성장결과를

보였다

.

^{그러나본연구와는다르게사료내송강약돌}

(Choi et

al., 2004),

키토산

(Kim et al., 2005),

양파

(Cho and Lee, 2012),

황금추출물

(Cho et al., 2013),

부추

,

함초와민들레

(Yun et al.,

2016)

와같은다양한사료첨가제가함유된사료의공급시해산

어류의성장에는아무런효과가없는것으로나타났다

. 8

^{주간의사육실험종료시조피볼락의사료섭취량}

,

^사료효율 및단백질전환효율은

Table 3

에나타내었다

.

사료섭취량은

BB

사료를공급한실험구가다른사료

(YC, Con, GG)

를공급한실

험구보다유의적으로높았으며

(P<0.05), GG

사료를공급한공 급구가가장낮은사료섭취량을보였다

(P<0.05).

^{사료효율은}

GG

^와

YC

^{사료를공급한실험구에서}

BB

^와

Con

^{사료를공급한} 실험구보다유의적으로높게나타났다

(P<0.05).

^{단백질전환효} 율은

GG

사료를공급한실험구에서

BB, YC

와

Con

사료를공 급한 실험구보다유의적으로높았으며

, Con

실험구에서가장 낮은단백질전환효율을보였다

(P<0.05).

^{본연구에서}

GG

사료 를공급한실험구에서가장높은단백질전환효율을보인것은 사료섭취량이가장낮은것에서기인한것으로생각된다

.

본연구에서

GG

를첨가한사료를공급한실험구에서의어체 중증가와사료이용성이

Con

사료를공급한실험구보다우수

한결과를보인것은사료내

0.1-1% GG

의첨가시무지개송어

(Oncorhynchus mykiss),

^농어

(Lates calcarifer)

^와

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

^{의어체중증가와사료이용성}

(

사료효 율과단백질전환효율

)

을개선시킨다는연구결과와동일하게 나타났다

(Nya and Austin, 2009; Talpur et al., 2013; Hassanin et al., 2014).

또한위와유사하게조피볼락용배합사료내

0.5%

의

Chlorella (Bai et al., 2001)

^와

Lycium chinense (Lim et al.,

2009)

의첨가시어체의성장과사료효율을개선시키는것으로

Table 1. Ingredients (%, DM basis) and nutrient composition of the experimental diets

Experimental diets

Con YC¹ GG¹ BB¹

Ingredients (%)

Fish meal² 63.5 63.5 63.5 63.5

Fermented soybean meal³ 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0

Wheat flour 22.9 22.0 22.0 22.0

Ethoxyquin⁴ 0.1

Additives 1 1 1

Squid liver oil 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Soybean oil 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Vitamin premix⁵ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mineral premix⁶ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Choline 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Nutrients (%)

Dry matter 90.9 90.8 90.8 90.4

Crude protein 50.9 51.2 51.1 51.0

Crude lipid 10.3 10.1 10.1 10.1

Ash 11.0 11.2 10.9 10.9

1YC (Yacon), ¹GG (Ginger), and ¹BB (Blueberry) were purchased from Tojongherb Co Ltd. (Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea). ²Fish meal and was purchased from Abank Co Ltd. (Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea). ³Fermented soybean meal was supplied by CJ CheilJedang Corp. (Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea). ⁴Ethoxyquin was supplied from Chunhajeil feed Co Ltd. (Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, Korea). ⁵Vitamin premix contained the following amount which were diluted in cel- lulose (g/kg mix): L-ascorbic acid, 121.2; DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, 18.8; thiamin hydrochloride, 2.7; riboflavin, 9.1; pyridoxine hy- drochloride, 1.8; niacin, 36.4; Ca-D-pantothenate, 12.7; myo-ino- sitol, 181.8; D-biotin, 0.27; folic acid, 0.68; p-aminobenzoic acid, 18.2; menadione, 1.8; retinyl acetate, 0.73; cholecalciferol, 0.003;

cyanocobalamin, 0.003. ⁶Mineral premix contained the follow- ing ingredients (g/kg mix): MgSO₄·7H₂O, 80.0; NaH₂PO₄·2H₂O, 370.0; KCl, 130.0; ferric citrate, 40.0; ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 20.0; Ca-lac- tate, 356.5; CuCl, 0.2; AlCl₃·6H₂O, 0.15; KI, 0.15; Na₂Se₂O₃, 0.01;

MnSO₄·H₂O, 2.0; CoCl₂·6H₂O, 1.0.

나타났다

.

8

주간의 사육실험종료시조피볼락의 혈청의

total protein, total cholesterol, GPT, GOT

와

triglyceride

의함량을

Table 4

에나타내었다

.

^{측정된혈청변수는사료첨가제종류에따른실} 험구간의유의적인차이가없었다

(P>0.05).

^{이러한결과는동} 일한실험구내측정한값들의큰변이차이에따른것으로생각 되며

,

본결과와유사하게조피볼락용배합사료내김과다시마 의첨가에따른어체의혈청도실험구간에유의적인차이가나 타나지않았다

(Jeon et al., 2013).

8

주간의조피볼락사육실험종료시생존한조피볼락

20

마리

를무작위로추출하여

S. iniae

^{로인위적인감염후}

, 7

일간의누 적폐사율변화를

Fig. 1

에나타내었다

.

세균감염후

24

시간째

Con

과

GG

사료를공급한실험구에서폐사가처음으로관찰되

기시작하였으나

, 54

시간째부터실험종료시

(

세균감염후

7

일

)

까지

YC, GG

^와

BB

^{사료를공급한실험구에서의누적폐사율이}

Con

사료를공급한실험구에비하여유의적으로

(P<0.05)

^낮게 나타났다

.

본연구에서폐사한조피볼락들은

S. iniae

^감염시전 형적으로나타나는안구돌출

,

아가미와아가미주변출혈

,

체 색흑화및복부팽창과같은증상을보였다

(Baeck et al., 2006).

YC, BB

^와

GG

^{를첨가한사료를}

7

^{주간공급한이후생존한조} 피볼락을대상으로하여

S. parauberis

^{로인위적인감염시누적} 폐사율이감소된다는

Kim et al. (2016)

결과와유사하게나타 났다

.

본연구에서는대조구사료에는양어용배합사료내항산 화제로서사용되고있는

EQ

를첨가하였으나

, Kim et al. (2016)

Table 2. Survival (%), weight gain (g/fish) and specific growth rate (SGR) of rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed the experimental diets contain- ing various sources of additives for 8 weeks

Experimental diets Initial weight (g/individual) Final weight (g/individual) Survival (%) Weight gain (g/individual) SGR¹ (%/day)

Con 4.2±0.00 16.3±0.02^b 100.0±0.00^a 12.1±0.02^c 2.40±0.002^b

YC 4.3±0.01 16.5±0.02^a 100.0±0.00^a 12.3±0.02^ab 2.43±0.002^a

GG 4.3±0.01 16.5±0.02^a 100.0±0.00^a 12.2±0.02^b 2.42±0.003^a

BB 4.3±0.01 16.6±0.02^a 100.0±0.00^a 12.3±0.03^a 2.43±0.006^a

Values (means of triplicate±SE) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). YC, Yacon; GG, Ginger; BB, Blueberry. ¹SGR (%/day) = (Ln final weight of fish - Ln initial weight of fish)×100/days of feeding trial.

Table 4. Serum chemistry of rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed experimental diets containing various sources of additives for 8 weeks Experimental diets Total protein (g/dL) Total cholesterol (mg/dL) GPT (IU/L) GOT (IU/L) Triglyceride (mg/dL)

Con 4.16±0.061^a 212.0±1.73^a 1.7±0.33^a 45.0±5.86^a 290.3±20.28^a

YC 3.81±0.284^a 184.7±18.22^a 2.3±0.88^a 39.3±11.46^a 246.0±45.62^a

GG 4.29±0.144^a 206.7±5.24^a 1.3±0.33^a 53.7±7.22^a 275.7±5.21^a

BB 4.29±0.115^a 205.7±13.42^a 2.3±0.67^a 39.3±2.33^a 240.3±21.18^a

Values (means of triplicate±SE) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). YC, Yacon; GG, Ginger; BB, Blueberry.

Table 3. Feed consumption (g/fish), feed efficiency (FE) and pro- tein efficiency ratio (PER) of rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed exper- imental diets containing various sources of additives for 8 weeks

Experimental

diets Feed consumption

(g/fish) FE (%)¹ PER²

Con 11.6±0.03^b 104±0.2^b 2.06±0.004^c YC 11.6±0.06^b 106±0.5^a 2.08±0.009^b GG 11.5±0.03^c 107±0.2^a 2.13±0.003^a BB 11.8±0.03^a 105±0.1^b 2.09±0.003^b Values (means of triplicate±SE) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). YC, Yacon; GG, Ginger; BB, Blueberry. ¹Feed efficiency (FE, %) = Weight gain of fish×100/feed consumed. ²Protein efficiency ratio (PER) = Weight gain of fish/protein consumed.

0 20 40 60 80 100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

C um ul at iv e m or ta lit y (%)

Elapsed time (day)

Con YC GG BB

Fig. 1. Cumulative mortality of rockfish Sebastes schlegeli fed the experimental diets containing various sources of additives for 8 weeks, and then infected by Streptococcus iniae (means of triplicates±SE).

의연구에서는대조구사료에사료첨가제를전혀첨가하지않 았다

.

따라서이들

YC, BB

와

GG

의사료내첨가시질병에대한 저항성개선효과를조사하기위해서는앞으로현재상업용으 로널리사용되고있는면역증강제를첨가한사료와의직접적 인비교에대한연구도필요한것으로생각된다

.

무지개송어

,

^농어와

Nile tilapia

^에

GG

^{를경구투여한이후}

, Aeromonas hydrophila, V. harveyi

^와

A. hydrophila

^로각각감 염시효과적으로질병저항성을개선시키는것으로나타났다

(Nya et al., 2009; Talpur et al., 2013; Hassanin et al., 2014).

그 러나본연구에서는세균감염후

, 4

일째부터

7

일째관찰종료시 까지

YC

^와

BB

^{사료를공급한실험구에서의누적폐사율이}

GG

사료를공급한실험구보다유의적으로

(P<0.05)

^{낮게나타났다}

.

이러한결과는

GG

보다는

YC

와

BB

가

S. iniae

^{질병발생시조} 피볼락의폐사율을낮추는데더효과적인것으로판단된다

.

다양한식물기원의사료첨가제가해산어의질병저항성개 선에효과적인것으로보고된바있으며

(Sivaram et al., 2004;

Ji et al., 2007a; Punitha et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2012; Talpur and Ikhwanuddin, 2012; Talpur et al., 2013; Talpur, 2014),

특 히

Ji et al. (2007b)

연구에서는

2:2:1:1

비율의

Massa medicate fermentata, Crataegi fructus, Artemisia capillaries

^와

Cnidium officinale

^{혼합물을넙치용배합사료내}

0.3, 0.5

^와

1%

^첨가시 어체중증가와사료효율을효과적으로향상시킬뿐만아니라

대조구

(

무첨가구

)

와 혼합물

0.1%

첨가구보다 다양한스트레

스요인

(

공기중노출과마취로부터회복

)

에대하여강한것으 로나타났다

.

이상의결과를고려할때

, YC, GG

^와

BB

^{는조피볼락치어의}

성장과단백질전환효율을향상시키는데효과적일뿐만아니라

S. iniae

^{의질병발생시조피볼락의누적폐사율을감소시킬수}

있는효과적인면역증강제

(immunostimulant)

로사용될수있 을것으로판단된다

.

사 사

이논문은

2014

년해양수산부재원으로한국해양과학기술진

흥원의지원을받아수행된연구

(

^{과립형양어미립자초기사} 료개발

)

과제이며

,

이에감사드립니다

.

또한본연구는해양수

산부의

"

갯지렁이를활용한사료첨가제용항균펩타이드개발

(20150284)"

라는수산실용화기술개발사업에의해수행되었으

며

,

이에감사드립니다

.

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