Performance Analysis of Various Activation Functions in Super Resolution Model

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㽞䟊㌗䢪

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䢲㎇䞾㑮

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⼖ἓ㠦

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➆⯎

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㎇⓻

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⿚㍳

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Performance Analysis of Various Activation Functions

in Super Resolution Model

YoungJun Yoo, DaeHee Kim, JaeKoo Lee* Dept. of Computer Science, Kookmin University

殚 殚 檃檃 ڭۀڧڰڃڭۀھۏۄہۄۀڿٻ ڧۄۉۀڼۍٻ ڰۉۄۏڄٻ 䞾㑮⓪ٻ 㩲㞞♲ٻ 㧊䤚⪲ٻ ╖⿖⿚㦮ٻ ₠㦖ٻ 㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳٻ ⳾◎✺㠦㍲ٻ 䚲㭖ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲㖾ٻ㰖⺆㩗㦒⪲ٻ㌂㣿♮㠞┺ډٻ㧊䤚㠦ٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ╖㼊䞮₆ٻ㥚䟊ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃڇٻڨۄێۃٻ䢲㎇ 䞾㑮Ṗٻ 㩲㔲♮㠞⓪◆ڇٻ 㧊✺㦖ٻ 㡗㌗ٻ ⿚⮮ٻ ὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ ₆㫊ٻ ڭۀڧڰٻ 䞾㑮ٻ ⽊┺ٻ 䟻㌗♲ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㡖┺ډٻٻٻ ➆⧒㍲ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪ڃڮېۋۀۍٻڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉڄٻ ὒ㠛㠦㍲☚ٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ┺⯎ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺⪲ٻ ╖㼊䞮㡂ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ 䟻㌗㦚ٻ 㠑㦚ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞⓪㰖ٻ 㔺䠮䟊⽒ٻ 䞚㣪㎇㦚ٻ ⓦ⅞┺ډٻ ⽎ٻ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ ὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ 㞞㩫㩗㧎ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻٻٻ ⽊㧊⓪ٻ ڠڟڮڭڃڠۉۃڼۉھۀڿٻ ڟۀۀۋٻ ڮېۋۀۍڈڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉٻ کۀۏےۊۍۆڄٻ ⳾◎㦮ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺㦚ٻ ⼖ἓ䞮Ⳋ㍲ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻٻٻٻٻ ゚ᾦ䞮㡖┺ډٻἆὒ㩗㦒⪲ٻڠڟڮڭ 㦮ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ⼖ἓ䞮Ⳋ㍲ٻ㰚䟟䞲ٻ㔺䠮㠦㍲ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻ ἓ㤆ڇٻ ₆㫊ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮㧎ٻ ڭۀڧڰ Ṗٻ 㔺䠮㠦ٻ ㌂㣿♲ٻ ┺⯎ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺ٻ ⽊┺ٻ ゚㔍䞮Ệ⋮ٻ ⏨㦖ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻٻٻٻٻ ⽊㡖┺ډٻ䞮㰖Ⱒٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆㠦㍲⓪ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻڮےۄێۃٻ䞾㑮Ṗٻ₆㫊ٻڭۀڧڰٻ䞾㑮ٻ ╖゚ٻ ┺㏢ٻ 䟻㌗♲ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㧚㦚ٻ 䢫㧎䞮㡖┺ډٻ ῂ㼊㩗㦒⪲ٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ ㌂㣿䟞㦚ٻ ➢ٻ ₆㫊ٻٻٻٻٻٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ㡗㌗㦮ٻ䛞㰞㦚ٻ㩫⨟㩗㦒⪲ٻ䘟Ṗ䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞⓪ٻګڮکڭ ὒٻڮڮڤڨٻ䘟Ṗ㰖䚲Ṗٻ䘟‶ٻڋډڋڑڀڇٻڋډڋڐڀڇٻ ڮےۄێۃ ⯒ٻ ㌂㣿䟞㦚ٻ ➢⓪ٻ 䘟‶ٻ ڋډڋڑڀڇٻ ڋډڋڎڀ㦮ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ 䟻㌗㦚ٻ 䢫㧎䞶ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞㠞┺ډٻ ڏ ⺆㦮ٻ 䟊㌗☚⯒ٻٻٻٻٻ ⏨㧊⓪ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪㦮ٻ ἓ㤆ڇٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ ڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻ ڭۀڧڰٻ ╖゚ٻ 䟻㌗♲ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㡖₆ٻ ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ 䟻䤚ٻٻٻ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ٻ ┺⯎ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ ⳾◎㠦㍲☚ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ 䟻㌗㦚ٻ 㥚䟊ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⋮ٻ ڮےۄێۃ ⪲ٻٻٻٻٻٻٻ ╖㼊䞮⓪ٻ゚ᾦ㔺䠮㦚ٻ㑮䟟䞮⓪ٻộ☚ٻ䞚㣪䞮┺ἶٻ䕦┾♲┺ډ 1. 昢昢嵦 㽞䟊㌗䢪ڃڮېۋۀۍٻ ڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉڄ⓪ٻ 㩖䟊㌗☚㦮ٻ 㡗㌗㦚ٻ ἶ䟊㌗☚ٻ 㡗㌗㦒⪲ٻ ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻ ὒ㠛㧊┺ډٻ ₆㫊ٻ 㡗㌗㦮ٻ 䛞㰞㦚ٻ䟻㌗䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞⓪ٻ䔏㎇ٻ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ㽞㌗䟊☚⓪ٻڞڞگڱٻ 㡗㌗ٻ◆㧊䎆㠦㍲㦮ٻ㠒Ὴٻ㧎㔳ڇٻ䔏㩫ٻ㧻Ⳋ㠦㍲㦮ٻṳ㼊ٻ 䌦㰖ڇٻ㻲ⶎٻ㡗㌗ڇٻ㦮䞯ٻ㾂㡗ٻ㡗㌗ٻ❇㦮ٻ┺㟧䞲ٻ⿚㟒 㠦㍲ٻ ㌂㣿♲┺ډڶڌڸٻ ⡦䞲ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪⓪ٻ 䋂Ợٻ 䞮⋮㦮ٻ 㡗 ㌗㦚ٻ 㧊㣿䞮⓪㰖ڇٻ 㡂⩂ٻ 㡗㌗㦚ٻ 㧊㣿䞮⓪㰖㠦ٻ ➆⧒ٻ ڮڤڮڭڃڮۄۉۂۇۀٻ ڤۈڼۂۀٻ ڮېۋۀۍٻ ڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉڄὒٻ ڨڤڮڭڃڨېۇۏۄٻ ڤۈڼۂۀٻ ڮېۋۀۍٻ ڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉڄ⪲ٻ ⋮⒲┺ډٻ ڨڤڮڭ 㧊ٻ ڮڤڮڭ 㠦ٻ ₆㽞⯒ٻ ⚦ἶٻ 㧞₆ٻ ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ 㭒⪲ٻ ڮڤڮڭ 㠦ٻ ╖䞲ٻ 㡆ῂṖٻ 㭒⯒ٻ㧊⬾ἶٻ㧞┺ډٻ ڠڟڮڭڃڠۉۃڼۉھۀڿٻڟۀۀۋٻڮېۋۀۍڈڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉٻکۀۏےۊۍۆڄٻڶڍڸ 㦖 کگڤڭڠڍڋڌڒٻ ڮېۋۀۍڈڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉٻ ڞۃڼۇۇۀۉۂۀڶڎڸ㠦㍲ٻ㤆 㔏䞲ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ⳾◎㧎◆ٻ㩲㞞♲ٻ╏㔲ٻڮڪگڜڃڮۏڼۏۀڈڪہڈ گۃۀڈڜۍۏڄ⯒ٻ ╂㎇䞮㡖┺ډٻ ڠڟڮڭ 㧊㩚㠦ٻ 㩲㔲♮㠞▮ٻ ڮڭڭۀێکۀۏڶڏڸ㦖ٻ㡗㌗ٻ⿚⮮ٻὒ㠛ὒٻṯ㦖ٻἶ㑮㭖㦮ٻὒ㠛 㦚ٻ 䟊ἆ䞮₆ٻ 㥚䟊ٻ ἶ㞞♲ٻ ڭۀێکۀۏڶڐڸ㧊⧒⓪ٻ 㧎Ὃ㔶ἓ ⰳٻ ῂ㫆⯒ٻ ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺ډٻ 䞮㰖Ⱒٻ ڮڤڮڭ ὒٻ ṯ㦖ٻ 㩖㑮㭖ٻ ὒ㠛㦚ٻ 䛖₆ٻ 㥚䟊㍲ٻ ڭۀێکۀۏ ῂ㫆⯒ٻ ☯㧒䞮Ợٻ ㌂㣿䞮 ⓪ٻộ㦖ٻⶎ㩲Ṗٻ㧞㠞┺ډٻڠڟڮڭ ⓪ٻڮڭڭۀێکۀۏٻ⽊┺ٻ㎇⓻ 㧊ٻ䟻㌗♮㠞⓪◆ڇٻڮڭڭۀێکۀۏ ὒٻṯ㦖ٻ㧊㩚ٻ㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳٻ ῂ㫆✺㠦㍲ٻ⿞䞚㣪䞲ٻ⳾✞✺㦚ٻ㩲Ệ䞮㡂ٻ㾲㩗䢪⯒ٻ䟞 ἶٻ 䤞⩾ٻ ὒ㩫㦚ٻ 㞞㩫䢪㡖┺ډٻ 㾲㩗䢪⯒ٻ 䐋䟊ٻ 䢫⽊䞲ٻ Ⲫ⳾Ⰲٻ ὋṚ㦚ٻ ㌂㣿䟊ٻ ⳾◎㦮ٻ 䋂₆⯒ٻ ⓮⩺㍲ٻ ῂ㫆⯒ٻ ⽊┺ٻ 㩗䞿䞮Ợٻ 㑮㩫䞶ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞㠞┺ډٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲⓪ ڭۀڧڰڶڑڸ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺ډٻ 㾲⁒ٻ ₠㦖ٻ 㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳٻ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲ ڭۀڧڰٻ 䞾㑮⓪ٻ ┺⯎ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺ὒٻ ゚ᾦ䟊㍲ٻ Ṛ┾䞲ٻ ῂ䡚ὒٻ 㧒ὖ♲ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ╖⿖⿚㦮ٻ⳾◎✺㠦㍲ٻ䚲㭖ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲㖾ٻ㰖⺆ 㩗㦒⪲ٻ ㌂㣿♮㠞┺ډٻ 䔏䧞ٻ 㡗㌗ٻ ⿚⮮ٻ ὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ 㫡㦖ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㡖┺ډٻ 㾲⁒ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ ┾㩦✺㦚ٻ ⽊㢚䞲ٻ ┺㟧 䞲ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺㧊ٻ 㩲㞞♮㠞㦒Ⳇٻ ╖䚲㩗㦒⪲ٻٻٻٻٻٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڶڒڸڇٻ ڮےۄێۃڶړڸڇٻ ڨۄێۃڶڔڸṖٻ 㧞┺ډٻ 㧊ٻ 䢲㎇ 䞾㑮✺㦖ٻ䔏䧞ٻ㡗㌗ٻ⿚⮮ٻὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ₆㫊㦮ٻڭۀڧڰ 䞾㑮 ⽊┺ٻ㫡㦖ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㡖┺ډٻ➆⧒㍲ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻὒ㠛㠦㍲ ☚ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ╖㼊䞮㡂ٻ㧊⩂䞲ٻ㎇⓻ٻ䟻㌗㦚ٻ㠑㦚ٻ㑮ٻ 㧞⓪㰖ٻỖ㯳䞶ٻ䞚㣪㎇㧊ٻ╖⚦♮㠞┺ډٻ

504

⽎ٻ⏒ⶎ㠦㍲⓪ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ⳾◎㦮ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ₆㫊㦮ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㠦㍲ٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰڇٻ ڮےۄێۃڇٻ ڨۄێۃ ⪲ٻ ╖㼊䟞㦚ٻ ➢ٻ ⳾◎㦮ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⏨㧒ٻ㑮ٻ㧞⓪㰖ٻ䢫㧎䞮㡖┺ډٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ ⳾◎⪲⓪ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ䘟Ṗ㰖䚲㧎ٻګڮکڭڃګۀڼۆٻڮۄۂۉڼۇڈۏۊڈ کۊۄێۀٻڭڼۏۄۊڄὒٻڮڮڤڨڃڮۏۍېھۏېۍڼۇٻڮۄۈۄۇڼۍۄۏ۔ڄ㠦㍲ٻ㞞 㩫㩗㧎ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㧊⓪ٻ ڠڟڮڭ 㦚ٻ ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺ډٻ ₆㫊ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ▪⿞㠊ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃڇٻڨۄێۃٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ ڠڟڮڭ 㠦ٻ⼖ἓ䞮Ⳋ㍲ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮㠦ٻ➆⯎ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ゚ᾦٻ⹥ٻ ⿚㍳䞮㡖┺ډٻ 㔺䠮㠦㍲⓪ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ㭒⪲ٻ㌂㣿♮⓪ٻڐ Ṳ 㦮ٻ◆㧊䎆㰧䞿㦚ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡖ἶڇٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮 ⓪ٻἓ㤆㢖ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆⪲ٻ⋮⑚㠊ڇٻ ṗٻ ⳾◎㠦㍲ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮㠦ٻ ➆⯎ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ ゚ᾦ⯒ٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻ 㰚䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻ ࣮ ࣮࣪ ँऀएऎࣜڃڠۉۃڼۉھۀڿٻڟۀۀۋٻڮېۋۀۍڈڭۀێۊۇېۏۄۊۉٻکۀۏےۊۍۆڄࣜ ڃ⁎Ⱂٻڌڄٻڠڟڮڭٻῂ㫆ٻ ٻ ڠڟڮڭ 㦖ٻ ڮڭڭۀێکۀۏ 㧊ٻ 㧪㹾ٻ な⪳ڃڭۀێۄڿېڼۇٻ ڝۇۊھۆڄ㠦 ㍲ٻ ㌂㣿䟞▮ٻ ⺆䂮ٻ 㩫′䢪ڃڝڼۏھۃٻ کۊۍۈڼۇۄەڼۏۄۊۉڄ䂋㦚ٻ ⳾⚦ٻ㩲Ệ䞮㡖┺ډٻ㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳ㦮ٻ䔏㰫✺㦚ٻ㩫′䢪㔲䅲ٻ 㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳ㦮ٻ 㥶㡆㎇㦚ٻ 㩖䟊䞮⓪ٻ ⺆䂮ٻ 㩫′䢪ٻ 䂋ٻ 㩲 Ệ⯒ٻ䐋䟊ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ䟻㌗䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞㠞┺ډٻ⡦䞲ٻ⺆䂮ٻ㩫′ 䢪ٻ䂋㦚ٻ㩲Ệ䞾㦒⪲㖾ٻڢګڰٻⲪ⳾Ⰲٻ㌂㣿⨟㦚ٻ㭚㡖⓪◆ڇٻ 㧊⩝Ợٻ䢫⽊䞲ٻⲪ⳾Ⰲ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䟊ٻ▪ٻ䋆ٻ⳾◎㦚ٻῂ㎇䞮 㡂ٻ㩲䞲♲ٻἚ㌆ٻ㧦㤦䞮㠦㍲ٻڮڭڭۀێکۀۏ ⽊┺ٻ▪ٻ㫡㦖ٻ㎇ ⓻㦚ٻ 㠑㦚ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞㠞┺ډٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲⓪ٻ ڭۀڧڰٻ 䞾㑮⯒ٻ ㌂ 㣿䞮㡖⓪◆ڇٻ ڃ⁎Ⱂٻ ڌڄ㠦㍲ٻ ⽊Ⳋٻ 㧪㹾ٻ な⪳㠦㍲ٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞮⓪ٻộ㦚ٻ⽒ٻ㑮ٻ㧞┺ډٻ 3. 筢昷穮朞 (Activation Function) ڃ⁎Ⱂٻ ڍڄ㠦㍲⓪ٻ ⽎ٻ ⏒ⶎ㠦㍲ٻ ㌂㣿♲ٻ ڭۀڧڰڇٻٻٻٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃڇٻڨۄێۃٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻ䚲䡚䞮㡖┺ډٻ㔳ٻ ڃڌڄ㦖ٻڭۀڧڰٻ䞾㑮㦮ٻ㑮㔳㦚ٻ䚲䡚䞮㡖㦒Ⳇڇٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ㌂ 㣿䞮Ⳋٻ₠㦖ٻ 㧎Ὃ㔶ἓⰳ㠦㍲ٻڮۄۂۈۊۄڿ ⡦⓪ٻگڼۉۃٻ䞾㑮 ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞲ٻộ⽊┺ٻ▪ٻ㓓Ợٻ㾲㩗䢪Ṗٻ♲┺ډٻڮۄۂۈۊۄڿ 㢖ٻ گڼۉۃ ṯ㦖ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮✺㦖ٻ㧛⩻㧊ٻ䄺㰖Ⳋٻ⹎⿚ٻṨ㧊ٻ䙂 䢪Ṗٻ ♮㠊ٻ 㡺⮮⯒ٻ 㩚╂ٻ ⴑٻ 䞮⓪ٻ ⶎ㩲Ṗٻ 㧞㠞⓪◆ڇٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⓪ٻ㟧㑮ٻ㡗㡃㠦㍲ٻṨ㧊ٻ㍶䡫㩗㦒⪲ٻ㿲⩻♮㠊ٻἓ ㌂㏢Ⳏڃڱڼۉۄێۃۄۉۂٻڢۍڼڿۄۀۉۏڄ㦚ٻ䞒䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞┺ډٻ⁎Ⰲἶٻ ῂ䡚㧊ٻⰺ㤆ٻṚ┾䞮ἶٻ㡆㌆ٻ゚㣿㧊ٻⰤ㧊ٻ✺㰖ٻ㞠⓪┺ډٻ ٻ ڃ⁎Ⱂٻڍڄٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮ٻ゚ᾦٻ⁎⧮䝚ٻ ٻ ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ൜ሺݔ ൏ Ͳሻ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ Ͳ ሺݔ ൒ Ͳሻ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ݔ ڃڌڄٻ ٻ ⡦䞲ٻ㧛⩻㦒⪲ٻ✺㠊㡺⓪ٻṨ㧊ٻ㦢㑮Ⳋٻ㿲⩻㦚ٻ⳾⚦ٻڋ 㦒⪲ٻ 㻮Ⰲ䞮㡂ٻ ′㩲ٻ 䣾ὒ⯒ٻ 㠑㦚ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞┺ډٻ 䞮㰖Ⱒٻٻ 㧊⩂䞲ٻ䔏㎇ٻ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ䟊╏ٻ⏎✲Ṗٻ䞯㔋㧊ٻ㞞ٻ ♮⓪ٻ ┾ 㩦㧊ٻ㧞┺ډٻ ٻ ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ൜ሺݔ ൏ Ͳሻ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ߙݔ ሺݔ ൒ Ͳሻ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ݔ ڃڍڄٻ ٻ 㧊⩂䞲ٻ┾㩦㦚ٻ⁏⽋䞮ἶ㧦ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ ⧒⓪ٻ䢲㎇䞾 㑮Ṗٻ 㩲㞞♮㠞┺ډٻ 㔳ٻ ڃڍڄ⓪ٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰٻ 䞾㑮㦮ٻ 㑮㔳 㦚ٻ䚲䡚䞮㡖┺ډٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ ⓪ٻ㦢㑮ٻ㡗㡃㦚ٻ⳾⚦ٻڋ 㦒 ⪲ٻ㻮Ⰲ䞮⓪ٻڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ┾㩦㦚ٻ⽊㢚䞮㡂ٻⰢ✺㠊㰚ٻ䢲㎇ 䞾㑮㧊┺ډٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⓪ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ Ệ㦮ٻ 㥶㌂䞮㰖Ⱒڇٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ╂Ⰲٻ㦢㑮ٻ㡗㡃㠦㍲ڇٻڋ 㠦㍲ٻڌ 㦮ٻ⻪㥚⯒ٻṬ⓪ٻ ㌂㣿㧦ٻ ⰺṲ⼖㑮ٻ ഑Ṩ㠦ٻ ➆⧒ٻ 㫆㩫♮⓪ٻ 㧧㦖ٻ ₆㤎₆ ⯒ٻ⿖㡂䞲┺ډٻ ٻٻ ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ݔ ڄ ɐሺݔሻ ڃڎڄٻ ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ┾㩦㦚ٻ䟊ἆ䞮₆ٻ㥚䟊ٻ⡦ٻ┺⯎ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮㧎ٻ ڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻ㩲㞞♮㠞┺ډٻ㔳ٻڃڎڄ㦖ٻڮےۄێۃٻ䞾㑮㦮ٻ㑮㔳㦚ٻ 䚲䡚䞮㡖㦒Ⳇڇٻڮےۄێۃ ⓪ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ╂Ⰲٻ⿖✲⩓ἶٻ゚ٻ┾ 㫆䞾㑮ڃکۊۉڈۈۊۉۊۏۊۉۄھٻ ڡېۉھۏۄۊۉڄ㧊┺ډٻ ڮےۄێۃ ⓪ٻ 䋆ٻٻ 㦢㑮Ṩ㧊ٻ㧛⩻♮Ⳋٻ㿲⩻㧊ٻڋ 㧊ٻ♮㠊ٻ⹎⿚ٻṨ㧊ٻ䙂䢪 ♮㰖Ⱒڇٻ 㧧㦖ٻ 㦢㑮Ṩ㧊ٻ 㧛⩻♮Ⳋٻ ✺㠊㡾ٻ Ṩ㦚ٻ 㠊ⓦٻ 㩫☚ٻ ⽊㫊䞲┺ډٻ 㧊⩆ٻ 䔏㎇㦚ٻ ⹪䌫㦒⪲ٻ ₆㫊ٻ ڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ ⶎ㩲⯒ٻ㠊ⓦٻ㩫☚ٻ䟊ἆ䞮㡂ٻ㾲㩗㩦㠦ٻ▪㤇ٻ㧮ٻ☚╂䞮 Ợٻ 䟊㭖┺ډٻ ⡦䞲ٻ ڮےۄێۃ 㦮ٻ ⿖✲⩂㤊ٻ 㡺㹾ٻ ㏦㔺ٻ ἓ㌂ ڃڧۊێێٻ ڧڼۉڿێھڼۋۀڄ⓪ٻ 䞯㔋⮶ὒٻ 㽞ₙṨ㠦ٻ ╖䞲ٻ ⹒Ṧ㎇ 㦚ٻ 㭚㧒ٻ 㑮ٻ 㧞┺ډٻ 㧊䤚㠦ٻ ڮےۄێۃ 㢖ٻ 㥶㌂䞲ٻ ڨۄێۃ ⧒⓪ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮☚ٻ㩲㞞♮㠞┺ډٻ

505

ڗ䚲 ڌڙٻṗٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮㠦ٻ➆⯎ٻڠڟڮڭٻ㎇⓻ٻ゚ᾦٻἆὒٻ ٻ

Scale DataSet ReLU(₆㭖) Leaky ReLU Swish Mish PSNR SSIM PSNR SSIM PSNR SSIM PSNR SSIM

x2 DIV2K[3] 36.56 0.9407 33.71 0.9140 36.47 0.9401 36.48 0.9401 Set5[10] 38.19 0.9445 35.32 0.9237 38.19 0.9447 38.19 0.9447 Set14[11] 33.95 0.8969 31.60 0.8723 33.88 0.8966 33.83 0.8965 B100[12] 32.35 0.8928 30.65 0.8683 32.31 0.8922 32.33 0.8922 Urban100[13] 32.97 0.9268 28.02 0.8583 32.77 0.9252 32.79 0.9251 Average 34.80 0.9203 31.86 0.8873 34.73 0.9198 34.72 0.9197 x4 DIV2K 30.73 0.8269 30.74 0.8271 30.74 0.8270 30.69 0.8258 Set5 32.48 0.8686 32.55 0.8692 32.51 0.8690 32.48 0.8679 Set14 28.82 0.7511 28.82 0.7514 28.83 0.7513 28.79 0.7501 B100 27.72 0.7189 27.73 0.7191 27.73 0.7190 27.70 0.7176 Urban100 26.65 0.7836 26.67 0.7844 26.67 0.7841 26.55 0.7809 Average 29.28 0.7898 29.30 0.7902 29.30 0.7900 29.24 0.7885 ٻ ݂ሺݔሻ ൌ ݔ כ ݐ݄ܽ݊ሺ߫ሺݔሻሻ ڃڏڄٻ 㔳ڃڏڄ⓪ٻ ڨۄێۃٻ 䞾㑮㦮ٻ 㑮㔳㦚ٻ 䚲䡚䞮㡖㦒Ⳇڇٻ ڨۄێۃ ☚ٻڮےۄێۃ 㢖ٻ㥶㌂䞮Ợٻ⿖✲⩓ἶٻ゚ٻ┾㫆䞾㑮㧊┺ډٻ㟧 㑮ٻ㡗㡃㠦㍲ٻṨ㧊ٻ㍶䡫㩗㦒⪲ٻ㯳Ṗ䞮⓪ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ╂Ⰲٻ ڨۄێۃ ⓪ٻ ⿖✲⩓Ợٻ 㯳Ṗ䞮₆ٻ ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ 㰖㏣䟊㍲ٻ ⹎⿚㧊ٻ Ṗ⓻䞮┺ډٻ㧊⓪ٻ䣾ὒ㩗㧎ٻ㾲㩗䢪㢖ٻ㧒⹮䢪⯒ٻ䞮⓪ٻ◆ٻ ☚㤖㧊ٻ♲┺ډٻ⁎⩂⋮ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃ 㢖ٻ゚ᾦ䞮㡂ٻἚ㌆゚ 㣿㧊ٻ ▪ٻ Ⱔ㧊ٻ 䞚㣪䟊㍲ٻ 䞯㔋ٻ 㔲ٻ ㎎╖ڃڠۋۊھۃڄٻ ╏ٻ ▪ٻ Ⱔ㦖ٻ㔲Ṛ㧊ٻ㏢㣪♲┺ډٻ ٻ 4. 柪柪竞 㔺䠮㠦㍲ٻ 䞯㔋㦖ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪㠦㍲ٻ ⽊䘎㩗㦒⪲ٻ ㌂㣿♮ ⓪ٻ ڟڤڱڍڦڶڍڸٻ ◆㧊䎆㰧䞿㦚ٻ Ὃ䐋㦒⪲ٻ ㌂㣿䞮㡂ڇٻ ڠڟڮڭٻ ⳾◎㦮ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⯒ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃڇٻڨۄێۃ ⪲ٻ ⼖ἓ䞮Ⳋ㍲ٻṗṗٻ䞯㔋㔲䆆┺ډٻ㧊➢ٻڠڟڮڭٻ⳾◎㦖ٻ䟊㌗ ☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆㢖ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆⯒ٻ ṗṗٻ 䞯㔋㔲䆆┺ډٻ 䞯㔋㦚ٻ 㔲䌂ٻ ➢ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮ٻ 㧊㣎㦮ٻ ┺⯎ٻⰺṲٻ⼖㑮✺㦖ٻ₆㫊㦮ٻڠڟڮڭٻ⳾◎ὒٻ☯㧒䞮Ợٻ䞯 㔋㦚ٻ㰚䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ഑Ṩ㦖ٻڋډڋڌ ⪲ٻ㍺㩫 䞮㡂ٻ䞯㔋㦚ٻ㰚䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻ 䎢㓺䔎⓪ ڠڟڮڭ ⳾◎㦚ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ ⳾◎㠦㍲ٻ ⽊䘎㩗㦒 ⪲ٻ ㌂㣿♮⓪ٻ 㽳ٻ ڐ Ṗ㰖ٻ ◆㧊䎆㰧䞿ڃڟڤڱڍڦڶڎڸڇٻ ڮڠگڐڶڌڋڸڇٻڮڠگڌڏڶڌڌڸڇٻڝڌڋڋڶڌڍڸڇٻڰۍڽڼۉڌڋڋڶڌڎڸڄ㦚ٻ㌂ 㣿䟊ٻ 㰚䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻ ㎇⓻ٻ 㰖䚲⪲ٻ 㡗㌗ٻ ⡦⓪ٻ ☯㡗㌗ٻ ㏦ 㔺ٻ 㞫㿫㠦㍲ٻ 䢪㰞ٻ ㏦㔺ٻ 㩫⽊⯒ٻ 䘟Ṗ䞶ٻ ➢ٻ ㌂㣿♮⓪ ګڮکڭ ὒٻ㡗㌗ٻ䛞㰞㦚ٻ䁷㩫䞮₆ٻ㥚䞲ٻῂ㫆㩗ٻ㥶㌂☚ٻ㰖 㑮⯒ٻῂ䞶ٻ➢ٻ㌂㣿♮⓪ٻڮڮڤڨ 㦚ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺ډٻٻ ڗ䚲ٻ ڌڙ㦖ٻ ڐ Ṗ㰖㦮ٻ ◆㧊䎆㰧䞿ٻ ⼚⪲ٻ 䟊㌗☚⯒ٻ ڍ ⺆ ⪲ٻ ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻ ἓ㤆㢖ٻ 䟊㌗☚⯒ٻ ڏ ⺆⪲ٻ ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻ ἓ㤆 㦮ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮㠦ٻ➆⯎ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ゚ᾦ䞲ٻἆὒ㧊┺ډٻڠڟڮڭ 㠦 ㍲ٻ₆㫊㠦ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲ٻ㌂㣿䞮▮ٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ₆㭖㦒⪲ٻ䞮 㡖┺ډٻٻ ἆὒ⯒ٻ⽊Ⳋٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆ڇٻ₆㫊ٻ ڠڟڮڭٻ⳾◎㦮ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲ٻ㌂㣿♮▮ٻڭۀڧڰ Ṗٻ㔺䠮㠦ٻ㌂ 㣿♲ٻ ┺⯎ٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮✺ٻ ⽊┺ٻ ゚㔍䞮Ệ⋮ٻ ⏨㦖ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ ⽊㧎┺ډٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ ₆㭖㦒⪲ٻ ګڮکڭ ὒٻ ڮڮڤڨ 㧊ٻ 䘟‶㩗㦒 ⪲ڇٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⓪ٻ ړډڐڋڀڇٻ ڎډڐړڀٻ ⌄㞮ἶڇٻ ڮےۄێۃ ⓪ٻ ڋډڍڎڀڇٻ ڋډڋڑڀٻ ⌄㞮㦒Ⳇڇٻ ڨۄێۃ ⓪ٻ ڋډڍڎڀڇٻ ڋډڋڒڀٻ ⌄㞮 ┺ډٻ 㫛䞿㩗㦒⪲⓪ٻ ڭۀڧڰ Ṗٻ ゚ᾦ㠦ٻ ㌂㣿♲ٻ ┺⯎ٻ 䢲㎇ 䞾㑮✺⽊┺ٻ ګڮکڭ ὒٻ ڮڮڤڨ 㠦㍲ٻ 䘟‶㩗㦒⪲ٻ 㟓ٻ ڍډڔڔڀڇٻ ڌډڍڏڀٻ㩫☚ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ⏨㦖ٻộ㦚ٻ㞢ٻ㑮ٻ㧞㠞┺ډٻ 䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆㠦㍲⓪ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻ₆㫊㠦ٻ㌂㣿♮▮ٻڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ㟓Ṛٻ▪ٻ⏨㦖ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㧎┺ډٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ₆㭖㦒⪲ٻګڮکڭ ὒٻڮڮڤڨ 㧊ٻ䘟 ‶㩗㦒⪲ڇٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ ⓪ٻڋډڋڑڀڇٻڋډڋڐڀٻ⏨㞮ἶڇٻ ڮےۄێۃ ⓪ٻڋډڋڑڀڇٻڋډڋڎڀٻ⏨㞮㦒Ⳇڇٻڨۄێۃ ⓪ٻڋډڌڏڀڇٻ ڋډڌڒڀٻ⌄㞮┺ډٻ ἆὒ㩗㦒⪲ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆ڇٻڭۀڧڰ ṖٻṖ㧻ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ㫡㞮▮ٻἆὒ⯒ٻ⽊㡖㦒Ⳇڇٻڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ㦢 㑮ٻ㡗㡃㦚ٻڋ 㦒⪲ٻⰢ✲⓪ٻ䔏㎇㧊ٻ┺⯎ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ⳾◎ ⽊┺ٻ㌗╖㩗㦒⪲ٻ䂋㑮Ṗٻ₠ἶٻ㺚⍦㧊ٻⰤ㦖ٻڠڟڮڭٻ⳾◎ 㠦ٻ′㩲䣾ὒ⪲ٻ㧧㣿䞮㡂ٻṖ㧻ٻ㫡㦖ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㧎ٻộ㦒 ⪲ٻ䟊㍳♲┺ډٻ㧊㠦ٻ゚䟊ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻ ἓ㤆⓪ٻ䟊㌗☚Ṗٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ䄺㰖⓪ٻⰢ䋒ٻ㩖䟊㌗☚ٻ㡗㌗ ὒٻ⼖䢮♲ٻἶ䟊㌗☚ٻ㡗㌗ٻṚ㦮ٻ㌂㌗ڃڨڼۋۋۄۉۂڄٻὖἚṖٻ ⽋㧷䞮┺ډٻ➆⧒㍲ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ 㟓Ṛٻ䟻㌗♲ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㧎ٻἆὒ⓪ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖ 䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆㠦ٻ㌂㌗ٻὖἚ㦮ٻ⽋㧷㎇㠦ٻ╖㦧䞮⓪ٻ⳾◎ 㦮ٻ㣿⨟㧊ٻ㌗╖㩗㦒⪲ٻ㩗㩞䟊㪎ٻ㦢㑮ٻ㡗㡃㦚ٻڋ 㦒⪲ٻ Ⱒ✲⓪ٻڭۀڧڰ 㦮ٻ′㩲䣾ὒṖٻ䋆ٻ㦮⹎⯒ٻṖ㰖㰖ٻⴑ䞲ٻ ộ㦒⪲ٻ䕦┾♲┺ډٻ㧊⩂䞲ٻ㧊㥶⪲ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻ ڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ┺㏢ٻ䟻㌗♲ٻộ㦒⪲ٻ䟊㍳ ♲┺ډٻڗ䚲ٻڌڙ㠦㍲ٻ⽒ٻ㑮ٻ㧞❅㧊ٻ㦢㑮ٻ㡗㡃㦚ٻڋ 㦒⪲ٻ

506

Ⱒ✺㰖ٻ㞠ἶٻṨ㦚ٻ㠊ⓦٻ㩫☚ٻ㥶㰖䞮⓪ٻ䔏㎇㦚ٻṖ㰚ٻ ڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ Ṗٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆ڇٻڭۀڧڰ 㠦ٻ╖゚䟊ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ䋂Ợٻ䞮⧓䞮㡖㰖Ⱒڇٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆ ⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆㠦㍲⓪ٻ㡺䧞⩺ٻڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ┺ ㏢ٻ䟻㌗♲ٻἆὒṖٻ㧊⩂䞲ٻ䟊㍳㦚ٻ✍⹱䂾䞲┺ډٻ 5. 冶冶嵦 ⽎ٻ ⏒ⶎ㠦㍲⓪ٻ 㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ ὒ㠛㠦㍲ٻ 㫡㦖ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻٻٻ ⽊㧎ٻ ڠڟڮڭٻ ⳾◎ὒٻ ڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ ╖㼊䞮₆ٻ 㥚䟊ٻ 㩲㞞♲ٻٻٻٻ 䢲㎇䞾㑮㧎ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰڇٻڮےۄێۃڇٻڨۄێۃ ⯒ٻ゚ᾦ⿚㍳ٻ䞮 㡖┺ډٻ㔺㩲ٻڐ Ṗ㰖ٻ◆㧊䎆㰧䞿㦚ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡂ٻṗٻ䢲㎇䞾 㑮㠦ٻ ➆⯎ٻ ڠڟڮڭٻ ⳾◎㦮ٻ ㎇⓻㦚ٻ 㩫⨟䢪ٻ 䞮㡖┺ډٻ 䟊㌗ ☚⯒ٻڍ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆ڇٻ₆㫊㠦ٻ㌂㣿䞮▮ٻڭۀڧڰ Ṗٻ Ṗ㧻ٻ㎇⓻㧊ٻ㫡㞮㰖Ⱒڇٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻἓ 㤆㠦㍲⓪ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻڭۀڧڰ ⽊┺ٻ┺㏢ٻ䟻㌗ ♲ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㧚㦚ٻ䢫㧎䞮㡖┺ډٻٻ ⽎ٻ㡆ῂ㠦㍲ٻ䟊㌗☚⯒ٻڏ ⺆⪲ٻ⼖䢮䞮⓪ٻڠڟڮڭٻ⳾◎ 㠦㍲ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ 㢖ٻڮےۄێۃ Ṗٻڭۀڧڰ 㠦ٻ╖゚䟊ٻ┺㏢ٻ䟻 ㌗♲ٻ㎇⓻㦚ٻ⽊㡖₆ٻ➢ⶎ㠦ڇٻ䟻䤚ٻ㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ٻڭۀڧڰ ⯒ٻ䢲㎇䞾㑮⪲ٻ㌂㣿䞮⓪ٻ┺⯎ٻ㽞䟊㌗䢪ٻ⳾◎㠦ٻ䢲㎇ 䞾㑮⯒ٻڧۀڼۆ۔ٻڭۀڧڰ ⋮ٻڮےۄێۃ ⪲ٻ╖㼊䞮⓪ٻ゚ᾦ㔺䠮㦚ٻ 㑮䟟䞮⓪ٻộ☚ٻ䞚㣪䞮┺ἶٻ䕦┾♲┺ډٻ 斲斲 㧊ٻ㎇ὒ⓪ٻڍڋڍڋٻ⎚☚ٻ㩫⿖ڃ⹎⧮㺓㫆ὒ䞯⿖ڄ㦮ٻ㨂㤦 㦒⪲ٻ䞲ῃ㡆ῂ㨂┾㦮ٻ㰖㤦ὒٻὒ䞯₆㑶㩫⽊䐋㔶⿖ٻ⹥ٻ 㩫⽊䐋㔶₆䣣ٻ䘟Ṗ㤦㦮ٻڮڲٻ㭧㕂╖䞯㰖㤦㌂㠛㦒⪲ٻٻٻ 㑮䟟♲ٻ㡆ῂ㧚ٻڃکۊډٻکڭڡڍڋڌړڭڌڞڌڝڐڋړڑڏڏڌڄ 焾処怾竒

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