Nguyen Thi Bac Thai
3. Conclusions and recommendations
147 cemetery and burial service received more
attention. Cemetery parks have been formed in Hanoi, Thu Dau Mot and other cities.
Standards and requirements for construction of urban cemeteries and funeral houses have been issued. In 2008, the Government issued Decree No 35/2008/ND-CP on construction, management and use of cemeteries. This decree covers gaps in urban technical infrastructure governance.
The lack of funeral houses managed by the urban authority is common throughout the whole country. Only large cities like Hanoi and HCMC have funeral houses mostly located right within hospitals, which is against the principles of urban management and development. The constant overloading, congestion, and noise pollution from funeral houses as well as the short distances from funeral houses and cemeteries to the nearest urban residential areas have affected lives of local residents. Environmental pollution from waste water and flue gas discharged from burial cemeteries causes a serious impact on the urban environment.
The main form of corpse disposal in Vietnam is burial, including first burial, exhumation for reburial, or burial without exhumation. It uses construction land in the urban regions. Cremation which is not yet popular in Vietnam should be promoted with a view of saving land.
Urban underground works
The period of 1999-2003 produced only few legal documents on urban underground
works. The Construction Law and Decree No 08/2005/ND-CP mentions almost nothing on this issue. In 2007, the Government issued Decree No 41/2007/ -CP on urban underground construction, and is the first ever regulation on urban underground construction. Underground works like underground infrastructure, transport works, public works, basement of buildings, or underground construction planning, etc. are mentioned in this decree.
Underground construction is still a new field in Vietnam so most power cables, telecommunication cables, water pipes, sewers in the urban sector have not been put in specialized underground tunnels.
3. Conclusions and
148
Vietnam
planning of Vietnam’s urban system development to 2025 with vision to 2050 approved by the Prime Minister at Decision No 445/2009/QD-TTg.
In the urban classifications, more attention should be paid on the middle size urban (Class III and IV) and small urban (Class V) in order to narrow down the development gap among the urban classes.
During the urban development process, the expansion of urban administrative border requires close management, priority is given to inner urban development on the available outer urban are.
Apartments in old residential quarters need early rehabilitation or renovation.
Continue to increase construction of dormitories for students, industrial workers, and housing for the urban low income.
The existing limitations in management of new urban areas such as the relationship between the investor and the residents, between the investor and the local urban authority on handing-over needs to be resolved as soon as possible.
Effective interagencies solutions are required to fix the impasse in housing construction and construction of other social infrastructures.
Strengthen technical solutions to connect to the technical infrastructure inside and outside the border of new urban areas.
Minimize construction of new urban areas on land plots inappropriate for planning, or have potential impacts to the architecture and landscape of new urban areas.
Establish local architecture planning councils to assist the People’s Committees in review or evaluation of projects on urban road/street improvement.
Provide sufficient budgeting for urban planning, especially detailed planning of scales 1/2000, 1/500 set aside for construction projects.
Urban planning projects should get feedback from the public, especially urban development investors.
Promote the application of GIS in urban planning and management in the whole country as regulated in Directive No 09/2008/CT-TTg of the prime minister.
The prime minister assigned MoC to
“establish, provide location and a running budget for planning data centers on the basis of applying GIS, mock-ups °¶ to enhance the effectiveness of construction planning information provision and construction planning licensing”.
MoC is coordinating studies to standardize baseline data, cartographical data for the application of GIS, and to draft legal documents regulating indicators and data set for common use with GIS.
Localities will soon issue local regulations on management of urban architecture abiding to Decree 29/2007/ND-CP of the government.
Continue constructing mass public transport routes to relieve congestion in the cities.
Intensify control of air pollution and vehicle noise pollution.
149 Increase the ratio of land used for urban
transport, and parking areas to relieve traffic congestion. remote technological solutions in water supply projects, improve service quality and water coverage for urban residents and reduce water and revenue lost in urban water supply projects.
Limit, then stop the closure of rivers, canals and ditches in the inner city. Pay more attention to planning of site leveling and drainage to reduce flooding in cities.
Encourage projects on solid waste reuse/recycle and segregation from the source.
Strengthen urban lighting projects for lanes, alleys. Use low wattage high efficacy lamps for urban lighting.
Check to ensure safe electricity on power routes and poles, telecom posts. Put power cables and telecom cables underground.
Promptly submit the draft decree on urban park and verdure for issuance.
Construction cemetery parks in the cities.
Develop crematory projects to save land in urban regions.
Issue standards for underground construction in urban areas.
References
Urban Development report in 2009 Housing report 2009
Urban infrastructure report 2009 Internet sources
Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements
254 Simin-daero, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-712, Korea
Tel. 82-31-380-0164(Global Development Partnership Center), Fax. 82-31-380-0468 http://www.gdpc.kr
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