The findings from this study appeared as follows. In other words, the variables that had a significant impact on caregiver depression were dementia patient state and care burden. To look at the specific analytical results of these, it appeared that patient state had a positive (+) impact on depression and care burden had a positive (+) impact on depression. That is to say, it can be known that if patient state becomes worse, the caregiver depression gets bigger, and the more the care burden, the higher the depression becomes. But the impact of care activity on depression appeared not significant. This suggested that caregiver depression is unrelated to how much or how little the care activity is. And the variables that had a significant impact on care burden were dementia patient state and care activity, and it could be known that if the patient state becomes worse, the more the care burden become, and the more the care activity, the higher the care burden becomes. Also the impact of patient state on care activity appeared significant and it could be found that if the patient state becomes worse, the more the care activity becomes.
As a result of verifying the problems in the role of care activity and care burden in the relationship between dementia patient state and depression, identified in this study, it appeared that the mediating effect of care activity between patient state and depression is not significant, the mediating effect of care burden between patient state and depression is significant, and the mediating effect of care burden between care activity and depression is also significant.
As a result of verifying the problems in the role of social support and social activity in the relationship between dementia patient state, care activity, care burden, and depression that this study aimed to identify, it appeared that the moderating effect of social support in all routes between patient state, care activity, care burden, and depression was not significant.
Therefore, it could be found that the relationship between dementia patient state, caregiver activity or burden, and depression was unrelated to social support. And in the impact of patient state on care activity, the moderating effect of social activity appeared. In other words, it can be known that the impact of patient state on care activity was greater in group of high social activity. And in the impact of patient state on care burden, the moderating effect of social activity appeared. From this, it could be known that the impact of patient state on care burden was greater in group of low social activity.
Taken together, the structural relationship among the variables that had an impact on the depression of caregivers who took care of dementia elderly could be found. Therefore, to reduce the depression of family caregivers who take care of dementia elderly based on the findings from this study, the efforts to reduce the care burden should be preceded, and to achieve this, systematic support plans for caregivers to participate in social activity need to be established. Especially if the social activity becomes more, the care activity also becomes more. Given this, social activity participation can improve the quality of care. So customized program development related to caregiver’s social activity is required.
Based on the findings from this study, we proposed the followings for
further research.
First, the subjects of this study were those who were registered in CREDOS. These caregivers should be further investigated for continuous observation of patient state, care activity, care burden, depression, etc. The data obtained from such investigation will have to be provided for multiple researchers to establish the foundation for conducting various researches.
Second, the mediating effect of care burden and the moderating effect of social activity on caregiver depression were revealed. So to reduce the depression, systematic intervention program needs to be researched, developed and applied. Also the studies to verify the effects of reducing the caregiver depression by applying the intervention program should be conducted.
Third, this study looked at the moderating effect of social support and social activity with structural equation modeling by using the data investigated in the CARE study. For more accurate studies, measurement tools need to be developed and replication study is suggested.
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