연구 분석 결과 일-생활 균형과 관련성 있는 여러 가지 인구사회학적 특성 및 직업적 특성이 있었고, 일-생활 균형과 여러 가지 직업성 손상 및 질환들 의 연관성이 확인되었다. 최근 유럽을 중심으로 일-생활 불균형이 주요 스트 레스 요인으로 간주되면서 관련 요인 및 관리 방안에 대해 크게 주목받고 있 으나, 국내에서의 연구는 아직 크게 미흡한 편이다. 한국형 일-생활 불균형의 측정 도구 개발 역시 필요하다 여겨지며, 이로 인한 스트레스 및 관련 요인을 측정함으로써 근로자들의 건강적인 문제 뿐 아니라 일과 삶의 조화를 이루는 근거를 마련할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 앞서 말했던 기존 연구에 없는 질환들과 일-생활 불균형의 관계를 정확하게 파악해 낼 수 있는 연구가 이어진다면, 근 로자의 건강은 물론 보건사회학적 비용 절감이 이루어질 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 일-생활 균형과 직업성 손상과 질환과의 관련성을 평가하는데 주요한 근 거 자료를 제공할 수 있다고 보며, 나아가 그동안 간과해왔던 근로자 개인의 일-생활 균형에 대한 중요성을 부각시키고 이로 인한 직업성 손상과 질환에 대한 일차 예방을 통해 삶의 질 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.
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[ABSTRACT]
The Relationship Between Work-Life balance of Workers and Occupational Injury and Diseases
Jiyoung Wee Graduate School of Public Health Ajou University
(Supervised by Kyung Bok Min M.D.. PhD.)
Objuctive: Work-life balance which means adjusting working hours and private hours has recently been highlighted because there had been a change of the industry structure and working environments. There are some reports on the bad effects of stress after the work-life balance was recognized as the main one of psychosocial factors, but there are few on somatic disease or occupational injury, and also few in domestic. Therefore this papers targets to defining a relationship between work-life balance and the occupational injury and the disease.
Method: This research covers 7,096 employees from the Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) material. Employees would be considered as having balanced work-life when he or she answered “yes” or “definitely yes”
to that he or she has proper hours on working life, family life and social life. The cases on occupational injury and disease that participants affirmed to that he or she had ever had a poor health or had an accident, were classified to 11 diseases: back pain, headache, stomachache/abdominal pain, shoulder/neck/extremity muscle pain, cardiovascular disease, injury, general
fatigue, stress, insomnia, anxiety and depression. Then, logistic regression was applied to unveil relevance between each disease and work-life balance.
Furthermore, this study considered personal characteristics such as sex, age, smoking, drinking, education and income, and occupational characteristics such as job type, shift-working, employment contract working years, sick leave, harmful factor exposure and working hours per week.
Result: In conclusion with consideration of personal and occupational figures, work-life imbalance can be demonstrated in the proportion of 1.67 to 1 with overall occupational injury and disease(95% CI 1.45-1.93), 1.68 to 1 with back pain(95% CI 1.42-1.99), 1.65 to 1 with headache(95% CI 1.36-1.98), 1.68 to 1 with stomachache/abdominal pain(95% CI 1.33-2.12), 1.80 to 1 with shoulder/neck/extremity muscle pain(95% CI 1.53-2.12), 2.11 to 1 with cardiovascular disease(95% CI 1.21-3.66), 1.78 to 1 with stress(95% CI 1.53-2.09), 2.09 to 1 with general fatigue(95% CI 1.78-2.45), 2.16 to 1 with insomnia(95% CI 1.66-2.81), 2.04 to 1 with anxiety(95% CI 1.54-2.70), and 1.78 to 1 with depression(95% CI 1.31-2.40)
Discussion: As a result, this work demonstrated the relevance between the work-life balance and occupational injuries and diseases. The work-life balance should be identified as the main factor of stress to a personal health and a quality of life so that solutions of primary prevention can be suggested for the occupational injury and the disease.
Key word: Work-life balance, Working Conditions Survey, Occupational injury, Occupational diseases, Job stress