상단 PDF Relationship between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in the Elderly

주제어 : 노인, 신체활동, 우울감, 자살생각, 스트레스, 식생활 Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, diet and mental health of elderly and to use the study as basic data for a program development for elderly. This was a secondary data analysis study using the 2015 National Health and Nutrition Survey and the study subjects included 1,484 individuals aged 65 and over. The results showed that depression and stress perception in young-old were higher than old-old’s and the suicidal ideation rate of old-old was higher than young-old’s. In case of eating patterns, ‘poor eating’ in old-old was higher than young old’s. Regression analysis showed that middle-intensity physical activity and eating patterns were associated with mental health of the elderly. Based on the results, it is necessary to develop a differentiated nursing intervention program suitable for the elderly by age.

This study had potential limitations, in addition to those presented in our previous study. First, our study was observational in nature and cannot prove causality. Although we attempted to control for the effects of the major identified predictors of cognitive function, B vitamins consumption could be a marker for unrecognised factors that affect cognitive function. Second, results may be difficult to interpret and apply to the general population, as a random sample was not utilized. Third, holotranscobala- mine, a better indicator of vitamin B12 status, was not measured; and serum vitamin B2 and B6 levels were not measured, only data on dietary intake. Despite limitations, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the relationship between cognitive function scores and dietary intake by cognitive status.

Total 177 elderly women of over 60 years old, visiting on senior center in some community dwelling, were assessed for oral condition and their cognitive function with MMSE score.. All t[r]

Improving health is important for helping elderly adults extend their healthy lives. Our study may be meaningful in terms of public health, as it situates the power to motivate healthy behavior and proposes a way to prevent deterioration of cognitive function in the elderly. If the findings of this study can be used to mediate the cognitive function of the Korean elderly and achieve positive results to relieve the bur- den of an aged society, it can serve as a good ex- ample for other countries around the world, many of which are also becoming an aging society. It is neces- sary to confirm the causal relationship and effect of the intervention on cognitive function through further studies. Another strength of this study is that it used a nationwide data representing the elderly population in South Korea (i.e., the KLoSA), and we analyzed the data by sex. Furthermore, the data were longitudinal, which allowed us to analyze the impact of time on the other variables.

３ II. 연구대상 및 방법 A. 연구대상 본 연구를 위한 조사는 경기도 광주시에 거주하는 60 세 이상 노인 인구를 대상으로 시행되었다. 치매의 발병률과 위험인자를 평가하고 조기 진단을 위한 대규모, 전향적, 지역사회기반의 연구인 광주 치매 및 경도인지장애 연구(GDEMCIS, Gwangju Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Study)의 일부로 60 세 이상의 대상자들 중 인구학적 특징, 현재 앓고 있는 질환 및 과거력, 복용중인 약물, 한국형 간이정신상태검사(K-MMSE), CAGE 검사, 한국판 노인우울척도 단축형인 SGDS-K 를 완료한 1,141 명을 대상으로 하였다.

Masticatory, tongue, and lip muscles work together to grant masticatory, deglutition, and pronunciation functions of the oral cavity, by providing oral motor movement and ensuring correct position and occlusion of the teeth. Therefore, the importance of oral myofunction for maintenance of appropriate oral function should be highlighted [36]. Specifically, the deglutition impairment in elderly populations is a major cause of reduced oral health-related quality of life. To prevent these issues from arising, systematic processes including exercises to improve oral myofunction should be established. In the field of occupational therapy there are interventions to treat the impairment of deglutition. Since mastication and deglutition are the key functions of the oral cavity, dental hygienists should be trained to address these issues and universities or colleges should provide adequate training for these dental hygienists. Lastly, comprehensive studies to help the elderly population with the recovery of oral function should be more actively performed in the future.

gender, men had a higher handgrip strength, lower back strength, Sargent jump height, and reaction time than women, but women were more flexible than male students. The reason for the difference in PF between men and women may suggest physiological differences between men and women, which may provide a disadvantage to physical performance in women [20]. Since the underlying basic PF subcomponents in this study were muscular strength, muscle power, agility and flexibility, the gender differences in skeletal muscle and body fat, may be underly these results.

Department of Health and Exercise Management, Daejoen University (Received February 1, 2021; Revised March 23, 2021; Accepted April 5, 2021) 요 약 : 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 신체활동량에 따른 전공만족도와 대학생활적응과의 관계를 규명 하는데 목적이 있다. 따라서 대학생 201명의 데이터를 확보하고, SPSS 22.0프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계 분석, 신뢰도분석, 일원변량분석, 상관분석, 사후검증으로는 Tukey방법을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 신 체활동량에 따른 대학생의 전공만족도는 중강도신체활동집단과 고강도신체활동집단이 저강도신체활동집단 보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 둘째, 신체활동량에 따른 대학생활적응은 고강도 신체활동집단이 중강도신체활동집단과 저강도신체활동집단보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났 다(p<.05). 마지막으로 대학생의 신체활동량, 전공만족도, 대학생활적응의 관계를 살펴본 결과 남학생의 경 우 신체활동량과 전공만족도(일반만족), 대학생활적응(정서적응)에서 정적상관관계가 있고, 여학생의 경우 신체활동량과 대학생활적응(사회적응)에서 정적상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 본 연구에서는 대학생의 신체활동량은 전공만족도와 대학생활적응과 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 결론을 토대로 신체활동을 통해 대학생의 대학생활 관리를 도울 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Sum 201 100 Table 1. Demographic characteristics in university students 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 대학생을 대상으로 신체활동에 따른 전공만족도와 대학생활적응의 관계를 확인하는데 있다. 이는 대학생들의 신체활 동량을 통해 전공만족도와 대학생활적응정도를 예측하거나, 신체활동량을 향상시키는 동시에 전 공만족도와 대학생활적응의 긍정적 변화를 위한 정보로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Our study showed that, among MS components, abdominal obesity is the most significantly related factor of asthma, which corresponds with previous studies. Several prospective cohort studies 14,15 and cross-sectional stud- ies 16 have demonstrated that obesity is a predictor of asthma. It has not been clearly documented that components of MS other than obesity were significantly related to asthma. In one study, MS per se was not an independent predictor of asthma when body mass index was adjusted 15 . In our study, a low HDL-C was significantly associated with asthma, and a positive linear association between the number of MS components and the prevalence of asthma was observed. These findings suggest that MS-related factors other than abdominal obesity could con- tribute to the relationship between MS and asthma. In fact, MS components other than abdominal obesity such as hyperglycemia 17 , dyslipidemia 18 and hypertension 19 have been known to be risk factors of lower lung function or accelerated lung function decline.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between masticatory ability, oral health-related quality of life, and cognitive function in an elderly population using structural equation modeling. Methods: A total of 308 subjects, aged 65 years and over, were recruited from the senior citizen center in Daegu, South Korea and provided consent for inclusion in the study. The Korean version of the Mini- Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) was used to assess the level of cognitive function. Masticatory ability was evaluated through chewing tests, patient-perceived masticatory function and, measurement of relative occlusal forces on molar teeth using the T-Scan III ® system. All data were analyzed using c 2 tests, t-tests, and one-way ANOVA in SPSS version 23.0 for windows. Structural equation modeling was performed using SPSS AMOS version 22.0.

Key Words: Activity restriction, Elderly, Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, Remaining teeth 색인: 국민건강영양조사, 노인, 잔존치아 수, 활동제한 서론 노인의 인구가 급증하고 있지만 건강한 노인 인구의 기대수명은 점점 감소하고 있으며, 노인은 다른 연령대에 비하여 활동제한의 발병률이 더 높은 것으로 보고되고 있다[1]. 노인의 활동제한은 지역사회 내에서 노인의 장애 변화 정도를 확인할 수 있어 고령화 사회에서 장기 요양서 비스 수요 예측의 중요한 정책 근거가 되며[2], 노인의 중요한 건강지표로서 질병과 활동제한 사이에는 밀접한 연관성을 가지고 있다[3].

As the degree of functional dependence of elderly persons increases, their level of care may be determined. Subjects with grades 1 and 2 find it very difficult to perform daily life activities independently without the full help of a nursing care provider. Older people living in facilities need help from care workers, but improving their ability to perform daily activities and improving their physical functions have significant influence on their quality of life. Regular ex- ercise prevents muscle atrophy, functional decline, and dis- ability, and has a positive effect on the cognitive function of healthy but weak older individuals. Decreased exercise ca- pacity in elderly persons can lead to diminished physical and cognitive functions. Regular exercise is effective in prevent- ing falls, as it improves physical functions such as endur- ance, lower extremity muscle, and balance in older people with dementia and lower balance ability and muscle func- tion than the general population. Increasing the growth and function of the cranial nerve has a positive effect on cere- brovascular function and helps improve psychomotor abil- ity [5-8].

그러므로, 최근 갑작스런 체질량 지수 변화가 있는 노인들의 인지 장애 예방을 위하여 이들에 대한 영양관리 및 걷기 운동 프로그램의 적용이 필요하다. • 주제어 : 노인, 인지, 체중변화, 체질량 지수변화, 걷기 운동 Abstract A descriptive research is studied to identify the physical factors affecting to cognitive function among elderly residents over 65 years old in a community. The data were collected from 352 participants as part of a health-related survey by home visits in Seoul in 2010-2012. Their cognitive function was measured using the Korean form of Hasegawa Dementia Scale(HDS-K) and the collected data were analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. From the analysis, the prevalence rate of cognitive impairment was 13.6%. Elderly residents in a community showed different cognition levels by the status of age, change of weight, change of BMI, walking and flexibility exercise.

Mastication discomfort was not so significant in those with higher education and higher income(p<0.001). Conclusions : This study verified the relationship between the disc[r]

When cognitive function, subjective masticatory function, and objective masticatory function were compared with indicators of oral health status (number of functional teeth, oral dryne[r]

운동과 관련된 중재연구에서는 달리기, 빨리 걷기, 수영과 같이 운동에 필요한 에너지로 산소를 이 용하며 주로 지방을 연료로 쓰고, 장기간 피로물질의 축적 없이 에너지 생성이 가능한 유산소운동이 인지기능과 정적인 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다 (Colcombe와 Kramer, 2003). 또한 유산소운동은 반응속도와 정확도를 높임으로써 집중력과 문제해결력을 향상시키고 우울과 불안을 감소시킨다 (Tom- porowski, 2003; Hughes과 Santomier, 1984). 일정기간 유산소 훈련에 참여한 노인들의 인지기능에 대한 효과가 유의하게 컸으며 처리속도 (processing speed), 공간적 처리속도 (visuospatial process- ing), 제어처리 (controlled processing), 그리고 집행가능 (executive function) 모두에서 긍정적인 효 과가 나타났다. 특히 전두엽에 의해 통제되는 집행기능에 대한 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다 (Col- combe와 Kramer, 2003). 인지기능에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 운동유형으로는 걷기 (Shin, 2015), 리 듬운동 (Kwon과 Cho, 2014), 복합운동 (Hong, 2013) 등이 있다. 이처럼 운동은 노인의 신체적, 정서 적, 인지적 건강을 도모해 줄 수 있는 간호중재가 분명하나 많은 연구들이 인지장애가 있는 노인들을 대 상으로 이루어졌으며, 운동중재방법, 연구방법 및 측정도구를 비교ㆍ분석한 연구가 없어 실제적으로 인 지기능 향상을 위한 중재전략으로 운동요법을 계획하는 데 있어 어렵다는 문제가 있다.

Conclusion: The results of this study imply that the cognitive function of elderly is related to exercise behavior, nutritional health risk, and food and nutrient intake status.. KEY WOR[r]

２ II. 연구대상 및 방법 A. 연구대상 본 연구를 위한 조사는 2013 년 10 월에 수원시 경로당 및 노인정신보건센터를 방문한 60 세 이상의 노인 5,621 명을 대상으로, 조사원들이 1:1 대면 접촉을 통해 설문지를 작성하였다. 개별 면접 후 선발된 조사원들은 정신과 전문의에게 8 시간 이상 설문조사 방법에 대한 교육을 받았다. 대상자는 설문지의 내용을 이해하며 의사소통이 가능한 자로 한정하였고, 단축형 노인우울척도 (Hoyl Five-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Hoyl GDS- 5)에서 3 점 이상인 대상자와 치매 진단을 받고 치료 중이거나 거동이 어려울 정도의 심각한 신체질환을 가진 대상자는 제외하였다. 최종 연구에 참여한 인원은 4,373 명 이었다. 본 연구는 모든 대상자들의 문서화된 사전 동의 (informed consent) 하에 진행되었고 아주대학교 병원 기관윤리위원회의 승인을 받았다.

Hwang, "A study on the relationships among Korean high school students’ autonomy, English learning strategies, grit and English academic achievement", the Ko[r]