From January through October 2011, final energy consumption rose by 3.1% year-on-year to stand at 163.2 million TOE, according to tentative figures.
[FigureⅡ-5] Trends in primary energy consumption increase rate
Trends in final energy consumption
3
Notes: Values in parentheses are the year-on-year growth rate (%); p refers to tentative figures.
Category
2010 2011p
1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4 Annual 1/4 2/4 3/4 October January~October
<TableⅡ-5> Trends in final energy consumption
29.0 28.5 27.8 29.9 115.2 29.7 29.0 30.1 10.3 99.1
(14.2) (9.2) (4.4) (6.7) (8.5) (2.4) (1.8) (8.4) (8.4) (4.6)
13.5 13.7 13.1 14.6 54.8 14.0 13.7 14.0 4.9 46.6
(14.1) (9.4) (3.7) (9.0) (9.0) (3.9) (0.4) (7.2) (7.4) (4.1)
8.6 9.3 9.5 9.6 36.9 8.8 8.7 9.8 3.1 30.4
(1.2) (2.3) (4.8) (2.8) (2.8) (2.8) (-5.8) (2.6) (-2.0) (-0.4)
13.3 7.6 6.1 10.3 37.3 14.0 7.4 6.1 2.4 30.0
(4.9) (9.6) (3.9) (0.2) (4.3) (5.4) (-2.5) (1.1) (-1.0) (1.9)
1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 4.5 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.4 3.7
(7.6) (2.3) (1.8) (5.2) (4.4) (4.0) (-4.4) (7.7) (-0.8) (2.2)
52.1 46.4 44.3 51.0 193.8 53.8 46.2 47.0 16.1 163.2
(9.2) (7.7) (4.3) (4.5) (6.5) (3.3) (-0.6) (6.1) (4.6) (3.1)
36.6 31.6 29.6 35.7 133.5 38.1 30.9 31.0 10.8 110.7
(7.3) (7.0) (4.0) (4.5) (5.7) (4.2) (-2.3) (4.5) (2.3) (2.2)
7.6 4.2 2.6 5.4 20.0 8.1 4.5 3.0 1.3 16.9
(10.8) (17.9) (-0.9) (3.2) (8.3) (6.2) (5.5) (14.8) (12.3) (7.9)
188.7 187.7 186.7 204.3 767.4 194.7 178.1 195.7 65.2 633.7
(0.8) (0.9) (3.1) (3.2) (2.0) (3.1) (-5.1) (4.8) (0.2) (0.9)
107.6 105.6 103.7 118.7 435.6 106.0 94.2 105.0 35.6 340.9
(1.7) (-0.4) (1.6) (2.6) (1.4) (-1.5) (-10.8) (1.3) (-5.4) (-3.9)
112.5 103.6 109.1 109.0 434.2 121.4 109.0 112.5 35.6 378.5
(12.2) (10.3) (10.2) (7.7) (10.1) (7.9) (5.1) (3.2) (6.1) (5.5)
11.3 10.4 9.5 10.7 41.8 10.6 10.7 10.7 3.9 36.0
(37.0) (26.1) (0.4) (6.5) (16.4) (-5.5) (3.0) (13.0) (15.6) (4.2)
3.9 4.2 3.7 4.5 16.3 4.4 4.2 4.3 1.7 14.6
(6.6) (22.0) (-5.4) (7.8) (7.3) (12.5) (-0.1) (17.9) (19.3) (10.7)
2,114 1,557 1,409 1,985 7,064 2,203 1,612 1,417 609 5,841
(13.0) (11.9) (15.2) (2.6) (10.1) (4.2) (3.6) (0.6) (12.4) (3.9) Industry
(Million TOE) -Excluding for raw materials Transport (Million TOE)
Residential /commercial (Million TOE) Public/other (Million TOE)
Total (Million TOE)
Total -Excluding for raw materials Town gas (Billion m3)
Oil (Million bbl) -Excluding naphtha Electricity
(TWh) Coal (Million ton) -Excluding coking coal
Thermal and other (Thousand TOE)
From January through October 2011, the industrial, residential/commercial, and public/other sector recorded a level of increase of 4.6%, 1.9%, and 2.2%, respectively. In contrast, consumption in the transport sector went down 0.4%.
- Sluggish consumption in the transport sector is a result of a decrease (-6.2%) in consumption of oil for transport in the second quarter.
- Despite abnormally low temperatures in the first quarter, energy consumption in the residential/commercial sector and public/other sector, which are highly influenced by the weather, was unprecedentedly low.
By energy source, there was a rapid increase in consumption of naphtha for raw material use in the petrochemical industry (7.0%) and electricity consumption (5.5%), as a result of continued favorable conditions in industries that consume great amounts of energy and the cold wave.
- An analysis of the share of final energy consumption taken up by different uses and energy sources from January through October 2011 indicates that the share taken up by energy for industrial raw material use (naphtha, coking coal) was the highest at 32.1%.
- It was followed by petroleum for fuel (27.8%), electricity (20.0%), and town gas (10.9%).
[FigureⅡ-6] Final energy consumption by energy source from January through October 2011
Final energy consumption trends by sector from January through October 2011
Energy consumption in the industrial sector indicated a year-on-year rise of 4.6%, thus leading an increase in final energy consumption.
- Energy consumption in the manufacturing industry, which accounts for more than 95%
of energy consumption in the industrial sector, went up 4.4% year-on-year. This is attributable to continued favorable conditions in the fabricated metal, metal product (steel), and petrochemical industries.
- In terms of the rate of increase in value-added of different business types from January through September compared to the same period of the previous year, the fabricated metal industry recorded 10.3%, the metal product (steel) industry, 7.5%, and the petrochemical industry, 4.6%.
Source: Statistics Korea, Korean Statistical Information Service (http://kosis.kr)
Level of contribution made to increase in energy consumption in the manufacturing industry from January through September 201114)
- The level of contribution made by production activities towards a rise in energy consumption in the manufacturing industry is estimated at 7.5%p. A rise in production activities contributed to a 5.5 million TOE increase in energy consumption in the [FigureⅡ-7] Rate of increase in value-added of each business type under the manufacturing industry from January through September 2011
manufacturing industry from January through September 2011.
- The level of contribution made by the industrial structure change effect was -2.4%p. It contributed to decreasing energy consumption in the manufacturing industry by 1.7 million TOE. This is because the share of manufacturing industry added value taken up by the fabricated metal industry, whose energy intensity is relatively low, increased, while the share taken up by the petrochemical industry, whose energy intensity is high, went down.
* Share of added value accounted for by the fabricated metal industry: (January through September 2010) 56.9% →(January through September 2011) 58.4%
* Share of added value accounted for by the petrochemical industry: (January through September 2010) 14.9% →(January through September 2011) 14.5%
- It is estimated that the reduced energy intensity of the manufacturing industry had a consumption-reducing effect of 0.8%p (0.6 million TOE).
Notes: Energy consumption in the manufacturing industry excludes anthracite and new & renewable energy. This is because statistics on new & renewable energy and anthracite for industrial use are compiled for only the entire industrial sector, and are not broken down into statistics by business type.
14) The added value of each business type under the manufacturing industry is announced by quarter. For this reason, an analysis of the level of contribution made to a rise in consumption is limited to January through September.
Category Amount of contribution made to consumption increase
(1,000 TOE)
Rate of contribution made to consumption
increase (%)
Level of contribution to rate of increase in energy consumption
in the manufacturing industry
Production effect 5,493 172.3 7.5%p
Industrial structure
-1,732 -54.3 -2.4%p
change effect Energy intensity
-574 -18.0 -0.8%p
improvement effect Total effects
(Rise in consumption in the 3,188 100.0 4.3%
manufacturing industry)
<TableⅡ-6> Level of contribution of each factor that triggers a change in energy consumption in the manufacturing industry from January through September 2011
In the 2000s, consumption in the transport sector rapidly stabilized15). It recorded a year- on-year drop of 0.4% from January through October 2011.
- A sound increase of 2.8% was recorded in the first quarter. However, consumption went down by a great extent (-5.8%) in the second quarter due to a decrease in the shipment volume of gasoline and diesel for transport16).
- As a measure against high oil prices, oil companies temporarily reduced prices (100 won/ℓ) of gasoline and diesel for transport in the second quarter, but consumption actually went down. This is presumed to be a result of a contraction in consumption from high oil prices and adjustment of the shipment volume by oil companies with the price reduction.
[FigureⅡ-8] Level of contribution made by each factor that triggers a change in energy consumption in the manufacturing industry from January through September
15) Energy consumption in the transport sector recorded high growth of an annual average 7.9% in the 1990s.
However, it posted low growth of an annual average 1.7% in the 2000s.
16) Oil supply/demand statistics are statistics on oil supplied and sold by oil companies, rather than statistics that reflect actual consumption. The supply volume is identified as the amount of consumption.
From January through October 2011, consumption in the residential/commercial sector indicated steady growth of 1.9% year-on-year despite abnormally low temperatures17) in the first quarter.
- Consumption in the residential/commercial sector, where energy consumption for heating takes up a high share, indicated low growth because of a soar in oil prices and a certain degree of influence by energy-saving policies, such as the measure on placing restrictions on heating temperatures in buildings. These measures were implemented to manage electricity demand in the winter.
- Another major reason was because of a slowdown in the level of increase in consumption for cooling purposes in the third quarter, owing to a lower average summer temperature than the average year.
Energy consumption in the public/other sector18) rose 4.4% in 2010, but went up only 2.2% from January through October 2011.
17) Average temperature dropped -1.2℃ and HDD increased 6.9% compared to the same period of the previous year.
[FigureⅡ-9] Trends in consumer prices of oil for transport
- It is presumed that the emergency energy-saving measure19)that was implemented in response to a soar in international oil prices somewhat contributed to a contraction in consumption in this sector.
Trends in final energy consumption by energy source from January through October 2011 With continued favorable conditions in industrial activities, energy sources for industrial use led a rise in consumption from January through October.
- In terms of oil, consumption of petroleum products for transport, including gasoline, diesel for transport, and LPG declined 0.6%. Consumption for heating in the residential/commercial sector also went down 2.3%. In contrast, naphtha consumption went up 7.0% as a result of favorable conditions in the petrochemical industry.
18) Consumption in this sector includes energy consumption by government offices, for military purposes, and by public service providers such as those in charge of water supply.
19) The energy crisis level was raised to caution on February 27, when international oil prices exceeded 100 dollars per barrel for more than five days. Afterwards, restrictions were placed on outdoor lighting at 2,603 public facilities. In addition, outdoor nighttime lighting at 92 thousand or so private business sites was turned off, and the license plate rationing system was implemented.
[FigureⅡ-10] Trends in the rate of final energy consumption increase by sector
- Town gas consumption for industrial use went up 12.7% to lead an increase in overall town gas consumption. Consumption for residential/commercial use and public use also indicated sound growth of 4.9%.
- Coal consumption dropped 5.5%, influenced by a decrease (-15.1%) in bituminous coal consumption for steel making in the first quarter. It turned around afterwards and indicated a year-on-year rise of 4.2%.
- Electricity consumption recorded year-on-year growth of 5.5%, attributable to continued strong consumption of electricity for industrial use (year-on-year rise of 9.3%). Electricity consumption for industrial use continued high growth of more than 7.0% every month from October 2010 through October 2011, owing to an upswing in production activities in industries that consume great amounts of electricity (machinery and equipment, chemical products, automobiles, steel, etc.).
Level of contribution of each final energy source to an increase in primary energy consumption from January through October 2011
- The level of contribution of electricity (triggering energy consumption for power generation) and energy for industrial raw material use (naphtha, coking coal) stood at 41.4% and 34.8%, respectively, as a result of an upswing in production in industries that consume great amounts of energy.
- Electricity consumption, which triggers considerable energy conversion loss, indicated a relatively high level of increase (5.5%) compared to other energy sources. The level of contribution made by electricity was the highest.
- The level of contribution made by energy for raw material use was high from January through October 2011 in tandem with a rise in naphtha consumption (7.0%).
- The level of contribution made by town gas, a major source of energy for heating, was 25.0% as a result of the cold weather in the first quarter.
[FigureⅡ-11] Level of contribution of each energy source to primary energy increase from January through October 2011
