New Records of Eighteen Species of the tribe Ephialtini (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from Korea
Geun- Myeong Song, Jin- Kyung Choi and Jong-Wook Lee *
Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
한국산 황다리납작맵시벌족( 벌목: 맵시벌과: 납작맵시벌아과) 의
18 미기록종에 대한 보고
송근명·최진경·이종욱*
영남대학교 생명과학과
Abstract :The tribe EphialtiniHellén is the largest group of the subfamily Pimplinae, currently 963 species in 59 genera worldwide, 190 of which inhabit the Eastern Palaearctic region: 138, 122 and 87 species have been recorded from China, Russia and Japan, respectively. The existing Korean tribe Ephialtini includes 58 species. In this study, we report 18 newly recorded Korean species belonging to the 12 genera of tribe Ephialtini. Among them, eight genera are recorded for the first time from the Korean fauna. Diagnoses and photographs of newly recorded species are provided. We record three species, Alophosternum albofaciale Kasparyan, 1981, Dreisbachia amurensis Kasparyan, 1976, Ephialtes duplicauda Heinrich, 1949 for the first time in Korea National Parks.
Key words :Ichneumonidae, Korea, Korea National Park, Parasitoid, Taxonomy
요 약 :본 연구 대상 분류군인 황다리납작맵시벌족(신칭)은 전세계 59속 963종이 기록되어있어 납작맵시벌아과 내 가장 다양성이 높은 분류군이다. 또한, 동구북구 지리구에 190종, 중국, 러시아, 일본에 각각 138, 122, 87종이 분포하며, 국 내에는 58종이 서식하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 황다리납작맵시벌족의 12속 (미기록속 8속 포함) 18 미기 록종을 국내에 처음으로 보고한다. 이 중, 3종은 국립공원(각각 덕유산국립공원, 소백산국립공원, 지리산국립공원에서 기록됨)에서 처음으로 분포가 확인되었다. 추가로, 18 미기록종의 진단기재와 사진을 제공한다.
주요어 :맵시벌과, 한국, 국립공원, 포식기생, 분류
Introduction
The subfamily Pimplinae currently include 1,737 species in 77 genera worldwide. In Korea 83 species in 23 genera have been recorded. Among them, the tribe Ephialtini Hellén is the largest group containing 963 species in 59 genera of Pimplinae worldwide (Yu et al., 2016). This tribe is mainly idiobiont, koinobiont, endo- and ectoparasitiods of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Araneae species (Eberhard, 2010). Oviposition generally occurs in the adults, larvae, nymphs, prepupae, pupae and adults (Humble, 2006).
We provide Korean name of newly recorded eight genera
and 18 species. Additionally, Korean name of genus Ephialtes is not provided because Korean name of Ephialtes will be renamed by Lee et al., 2018 (in press).
In this study, we report 18 species of Ephialtini for the first time from Korea. Photographs of habitus and diagnoses of newly recorded species are provided. As a result of this study, the Korean fauna of Pimplinae is now known to consist of 101 species in 81 genera.
Materials and Methods
Materials used in this study were collected by sweeping
*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]
and Malaise trapping, after which they were deposited in the animal systematic laboratory of Yeungnam University (YNU, Gyeongsan, Korea). Specimens were examined using an AxioCam MRc5 camera attached to a stereo microscope (Zeiss SteREO Discovery. V20; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany), processed using Axio Vision SE64 software (Carl Zeiss), and optimized with a Delta imaging system (i-solution;
IMT i-Solution Inc., Vancouver, Canada). The distributional data are mainly after Yu et al. (2016).
Abbreviations for collections are as follows: ANSP:
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A; AEI: American Entomological Institute, Florida, U.S.A. (H. Townes collection.); CAES: Connecticut Agri- cultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Romania. (M.I.
Constantineanu collection.); DEI: Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Schicklerstrasse 5, Germany; HU: Hokkaido Univer- sity, Sapporo, Japan; IZB: Institut za zastitu bilja, Simunska 25, Croatia; IZU: Instytut Zoologiczny Uniwersytetu, Wroclaw, Poland. (Gravenhorst collection.); MNCN: Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain; MNHN:
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; NHM:
The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, England, United Kingdom; NR: Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; OZOLS: Riga, Latvia. (E. Ya. Ozols collection.); PM: Phyletisches Museum, Jena, Germany; UL:
Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada; USNM: U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.; ZI:
Zoologiska Institutionen, Lund, Sweden; ZIN: Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; ZMHU: Zoologisches Museum (Museum für Naturkunde), Berlin, Germany; ZS:
Zoologisches Staatsammlung, München, Germany.
Abbreviations of South Korean provinces and indices used in the paper as follows: CB, Chungcheongbuk-do; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do; GG, Gyeonggi-do; GN, Gyeongsangnam- do; GW, Gangweon-do; JJ, Jeju-do; TD: Type depository;
TL: Type Locality; TS: Type species.
Results
Family Ichneumonidae Latreille, 1802 맵시벌과 Subfamily Pimplinae Wesmael, 1845 납작맵시벌아과 Tribe Ephialtini Hellén, 1915 황다리납작맵시벌족(신칭) Genus Alophosternum Cushman, 1933
민납작맵시벌속(신칭)
Alophosternum Cushman, 1933: 7. TS: Alophosternum foliicola Cushman.
1. Alophosternum albofaciale Kasparyan, 1981 붉은민납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-A)
Alophosternum foliicola albofacialis Kasparyan, 1981: 41.
Type: ♀; TL: Russia-Sankt Petersburg; TD: ZIN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum blackish brown, except ventral parts of scape, pedicel and basal 1st to 4th flagellomeres yellowish brown; dorsal parts of scape and pedicel black. Face mainly whitish brown, except median upper part black. Mesopleuron generally reddish brown, except upper basal part whitish brown and lower part black.
Material examined. [Korea] CB: 1♀, Danyang-gun, Cheondong-ri, Sobaeksan National Park, 3-27.iv.2006.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Greece, Russia (Krasnodar Kray, Sankt Petersburg), Ukraine.
Remark. This species is recorded from Sobaeksan National Park for the first time.
2. Alophosternum nigricoxis Zwakhals, 1987 검정민납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-B)
Alophosternum nigricoxis Zwakhals, 1987: 108. Holotype:
♀; TL: Japan; TD: AEI.
Diagnosis. Flagellum dark brown, except ventral parts of scape, pedicel and basal 1st to 2nd flagellomeres yellowish brown; dorsal parts of scape, pedicel and basal 1st to 8th flagellomeres black. Face generally whitish brown, except median upper to central part black. Mesopleuron mainly black, except upper basal part whitish brown and upper apical part reddish black.
Material examined. [Korea] GB: 1♀, Yeongcheon-si, Sinnyeong-myeon, Chisan-ri, San 141-4, Site-40, N36°01′12.55″, E128°42′26.29″, 30.viii–25.ix.2014, J.W. Lee leg.
Distribution. KKorea (new record), China (Jilin), Japan, Poland, Russia (Primor'ye Kray, Sakhalin Oblast).
Genus Dreisbachia Townes, 1962 털납작맵시벌속(신칭) Laufeia Tosquinet, 1903: 381. TS: Laufeia mira Tosquinet.
Dreisbachia Townes, 1962: 38. New name for primary homonym Laufeia Tosquinet.
3. Dreisbachia amurensis Kasparyan, 1976 털납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-C)
Dreisbachia amurensis Kasparyan, 1976: 68. Type: ♀; TL:
Russia-Khabarovsk Kray; TD: ZIN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except ventral parts of scape and pedicel whitish brown; dorsal part of scape dark brown.
Face entirely whitish brown. 2nd to 3rd tergites with sub-
rhombic impression on central part. 5th hind tarsomere approximately as long as 3rd one.
Materials examined. [Korea] CB: 1♀, Danyang-gun, Danyang-eup, Cheondong-ri, Sobaeksan National Park, N36°57′25″, E128°25′47″, 5.vii–26.ix.2009, S.H. Oh leg;
GN: 1♂, Sancheong-gun, Sicheon-myeon, Jirisandae-ro, Jirisan National Park, Gyeongsangnamdo Jayeonghakseupwon, 17.x.1989, J.S. Park leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Russia (Khabarovsk
Kray).
Remark. This species is recorded from Jirisan National Park and Sobaeksan National Park for the first time.
Genus Ephialtes Gravenhorst, 1829
Pimpla (Ephialtes) Gravenhorst, 1829: 224. TS: Ichnuemon manifestator Linnaeus.
Epiurus Förster, 1869: 164. TS: Pimpla calobata Gravenhorst.
Eremochila Förster, 1869: 165. TS: Pimpla ruficollis Gravenhorst.
Exeristes Förster, 1869: 164. TS: Ichneumon roborator Fabricius.
Iseropus Förster, 1869: 164. TS: Ichneumon graminellae Schrank.
Tromera Förster, 1869: 164. TS: Pimpla pomorum Ratzeburg.
Calliephialtes Ashmead, 1900a: 54. TS: Pimpla xanthothorax Ashmead.
Apistes Seyrig, 1927: 221. TS: Apistes perversus Seyrig.
Apistephialtes Seyrig, 1928: 380. New name for primary homonym Apistes Seyrig.
4. Ephialtes brevis Morley, 1914
붉은배황다리납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-D)
Ephialtes brevis Morley, 1914: 23. Lectotype: ♀; TL: Canada- Ontario; TD: NHM.
Ephialtes cholodkovskii Meyer, 1924: 215. Type: ♀; TL:
Belarus; TD: lost.
Ephialtes polytauma Heinrich, 1949: 68. Holotype: ♀; TL:
Germany; TD: AEI.
Diagnosis. Pronotum entirely and indistinctly polished;
upper part densely punctate, with dense hairs; lower part sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs. Central parts of 4th to 6th tergites reddish black.
Materials examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Eungogae, 18.iii.
1982, H.G. Min leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Mongolia, Poland, Russia (Krasnoyarsk Kray), Slovakia.
5. Ephialtes duplicauda Heinrich, 1949 검은배황다리납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-E)
Ephialtes duplicauda Heinrich, 1949: 67. Holotype: ♀; TL:
Germany; TD: AEI.
Pimpla spatulata Townes, 1960: 106. Type: ♂; TL: U.S.A.- Maine; TD: USNM.
Diagnosis. Pronotum entirely and weakly polished; upper part relatively and densely punctate, with hairs; lower part smooth. Central parts of 4th to 6th tergites mainly black.
Figure 1. Habitus of Ephialtini spp. (A) Alophosternum albofaciale in lateral view, (B) A. nigricoxis in dorsal view, (C) Dreisbachia amurensis in lateral view, (D) Ephialtes brevis in lateral view, (E) E.
duplicauda in lateral view, (F) Exeristes longiseta in lateral view.
Scale bars: (A, B, D- F): 2.0 mm, (C): 0.8 mm.
Materials examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Namyangju-si, Choan-myeon, Songchon-ri, Ungilsan, Alt. 99 m, N37°34′43.2″, E127°18′40.1″, 27.v–19.vi.2009, J.O. Lim leg; GN: 1♀, Geochang-gun, Buksang-myeon, Wolseong-ri, Deokyusan National Park, Weolseong valley, 13.vi.2012, J.C. Jeong leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), Czech Republic, Finland, Georgia, Germany, India, Ireland, Norway, Poland, Sweden, U.S.A. (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin).
Remark. This species is recorded from Deokyusan National Park for the first time.
Genus Exeristes Förster, 1869 어리송충살이납작맵시벌속
Eremochila Förster, 1869: 165. TS: Pimpla ruficollis Graven- horst.
Exeristes Förster, 1869: 164. TS: Ichneumon roborator Fabricius.
Aphanoroptra Thomson, 1877: 736. Emendation for Aphano- roptrum Förster.
Liogaster Kriechbaumer, 1890: 297. TS: Liogaster longuls Kriechbaumer.
Charitopimpla Cameron, 1902: 48. TS: Charitopimpla flavo- balteata Cameron.
Holcopimpla Cameron, 1906: 112. TS: Holcopimpla nigri- cornis Cameron.
Flavopimpla Betrem, 1932: 21. TS: Flavopimpla mangae Betrem.
6. Exeristes longiseta (Ratzeburg, 1844) 긴털어리송충살이납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 1-F)
Pimpla longiseta Ratzeburg, 1844: 117. Type: unknown; TL:
Germany; TD: unknown.
Ephialtes haemorrhoidalis Tschek, 1871: 37. Type: ♀; TL:
Austria; TD: unknown.
Ephialtes pubescens Hellén, 1915: 34. Type: ♀; TL: Finland;
TD: unknown.
Diagnosis. Flagellum black, except ventral parts of apical 3rd to 4th flagellomeres brown. Hind leg reddish brown, except apical part of trochanter, basal part of trochangellus, dorso-basal to subapical part of tibia, dorsal parts of 1st to 4th tarsomeres whitish brown; ventral parts of 1st to 4th tarsomeres brown; basal part of tarsal claw yellowish brown;
apical part of tarsal claw reddish black.
Materials examined. [Korea] GB: 1♀, Gyeongsan-si, Daehak-ro, 280, Yeungnam Univ., 12.v.1989, D.P. Lee leg;
1♀, ditto, 16.v.1989, Y.H. Ju leg; 1♀, ditto, 31.v.1991, Y.S.
Yoon leg; GG: 1♀, Gapyeong-gun, Jojong-myeon, Hyeon-ri, 15.ix.1984, M.R. Chae leg; 1♀, Cheonggyesan, 22.iv.1984, J.W. Lee leg; 1♀, Namyangju-si, Pyeongnae-dong, Cheonmasan, 4.ix.1983, J.H. Lee leg; 1♀, Seongnam-si, Sujeong-gu, Dandae1-dong, 2.x.1988, S.J. Jeon leg; JJ: 1♀, Jeju-si, Yeon- dong, Eoseungsaeng, Reservior, 20.vii–3.ix.2006; Seoul, 1♀, Seocho-gu, Wonji-dong, Cheonggyesan, 24.vi.1984, R. Heung leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy (Sicily), Japan, Latvia, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Russia (Komi Respublika), Slovakia, Yugoslavia (Serbia).
Genus Gregopimpla Momoi, 1965 산누에살이납작맵시벌속
Gregopimpla Momoi, 1965 in Townes et al., 1965: 601. TS:
Pimpla (Epiurus) kuwanae Viereck.
7. Gregopimpla ussuriensis Kasparyan, 2007 우수리산누에살이납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-A)
Gregopimpla ussuriensis Kasparyan, 2007 in Kasparyan &
Khalaim, 2007: 289. Holotype: ♀; TL: Russia-Primor’ye Kray; TD: ZIN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except scape, dorsal parts of pedicel and basal 1st to 6th flagellomeres black; ventral parts of pedicel and basal 1st to 3rd flagellomeres yellowish brown.
Propodeum slightly polished, distinctly and densely punctate, with dense hairs, except dorso-median longitudinal part sparsely punctate. Upper valve of ovipositor immediately behind the nodus distinctly impressed.
Materials examined. [Korea] GB: 1♀, Gyeongsan-si, Daehak-ro, 280, Yeungnam Univ., 22.v.1991, O.S. Kwon leg;
GW: 1♀, Samcheok-si, Gagok-myeon, Punggok-ri, Eung- bongsan, Yongsogol, 22.vii.2000, J.H. Son leg; Seoul: 1♀, Seocho-gu, Cheonggyesan-ro, Cheonggyesan, Wonjidong, 17.vi.1998, J.K. Kim leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Russia (Primor’ye Kray).
Genus Liotryphon Ashmead, 1900 작은용골납작맵시벌속(신칭)
Liogaster Kriechbaumer, 1890: 297. TS: Liogaster longulus Kriechbaumer.
Liotryphon Ashmead, 1900b: 368. New name for primary homonym Liogaster Kriechbaumer.
Apistes Seyrig, 1927: 221. TS: Apistes perversus Seyrig.
Apistephialtes Seyrig, 1928: 380. New name for primary homonym Apistes Seyrig.
Neoephialtes Constantineanu & Pisica, 1970: 1. TS: Neo- ephialtes foveolatus Constantineanu & Pisica.
8. Liotryphon ascaniae (Rudow, 1883) 짧은배작은용골납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-B)
Ephialtes ruficollis Desvignes, 1856: 88. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
United Kingdom; TD: NHM.
Ephialtes ascaniae Rudow, 1883: 233. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Germany; TD: PM.
Ephialtes sanguinicollis Brauns, 1901: 183. Type: ♀; TL:
Germany; TD: ZMHU.
Apistes perversus Seyrig, 1927: 222. Type: unknown; TL:
Spain; TD: MNCN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except entire scape, dorsal parts of pedicel and entire flagellomeres black. Face distinctly convex on median part. Hind leg reddish brown, except basal part of trochanter yellowish brown; apical part of trochanter, basal part of trochantellus, basal part of tibia whitish brown;
lateral-subbasal to apical part of tibia, entire 1st to 5th tarsomeres dark brown; apical part of tarsal claw reddish black. 1st tergite as long as 2nd tergite.
Materials examined. [Korea] Ulsan: 1♀, Ulju-gun, Sangbuk-myeon, Icheon-ri, 22–25.vi.1987, J.W. Lee leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Mongolia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
9. Liotryphon laspeyresiae (Uchida, 1932) 긴배작은용골납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-C)
Ephialtes laspeyresiae Uchida, 1932: 160. Type: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Diagnosis. Flagellum black, except apical part of pedicel, ventral parts of 29th to 32th flagellomeres brown. Face indistinctly convex on median part. Hind leg brown, except entire coxa, ventral parts of trochanter and trochantellus, basal to subapical part of femur reddish brown; dorsal parts of trochanter and trochantellus, apical part of femur, subbasal to apical part of tibia except median ventral part black; apical part of tarsal claw reddish black. 1st tergite approximately 0.5 times as long as 2nd tergite.
Materials examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Myeongjisan, 4.v.2000, M.J. Jeong leg; 1♀, Cheonggyesan, 24.iv.1984, J.W. Lee leg; 1♀, Pocheon-si, Soheul-eup, Jikdong-ri, Korea National Arboretum, Gwang- reung forest, N37°45′22″, E127°9′48.9″, Alt. 123 m, 31.v–
14.vi.2013, S.Y. Park&J.O. Lim&J.S. Lim leg; GN: 1♀, Hadong-gun, Akyang-myeon, Deungchon-ri, Hyeongjebong, 7–8.x.2002, J.S. Park leg; GW: 1♀, Wonju-si, Heungeop- myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ., Campus, 8.v.2003, S.Y.
Kim&J.S. So&H.J. Kim leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, Russia (Chita Oblast, Khabarovsk Kray, Primor’ye Kray, Sakhalin Oblast).
Genus Oxyrrhexis Förster, 1869 점각납작맵시벌속(신칭) Oxyrrhexis Förster, 1869: 166. TS: Cryptus carbonator
Gravenhorst.
Figure 2. Habitus of Ephialtini spp. (A) Gregopimpla ussuriensis in lateral view, (B) Liotryphon ascaniae in dorsal view, (C) L.
laspeyresiae in dorsal view, (D) Oxyrrhexis carbonator in lateral view, (E) Paraperithous gnathaulax in lateral view, (F) Polysphincta longa in lateral view. Scale bars: (A- F): 2.0 mm.
10. Oxyrrhexis carbonator carbonator (Gravenhorst, 1807) 점각납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-D)
Cryptus carbonator Gravenhorst, 1807: 264. Type: unknown;
TL: Germany; TD: lost.
Polysphincta velata Hartig, 1838: 262. Type: ♀; TL: Germany;
TD: ZS.
Polysphincta ribesii Ratzeburg, 1852: 110. Type: unknown;
TL: unknown; TD: unknown.
Polysphincta pusilla Fonscolombe, 1854: 516. Type: ♂; TL:
France; TD: MNHN.
Polysphincta texana Cresson, 1870: 149. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
U.S.A.-Texas; TD: ANSP.
Polysphincta vicina Provancher, 1873: 470. Type: ♂; TL:
Canada-Quebec; TD: UL.
Polysphincta bicarinata Davis, 1898: 368. Lectotype: ♂; TL:
U.S.A.-Idaho; TD: ANSP.
Acrodactyla carbonatrix Schulz, 1906: 103. Emendation for Cryptus carbonator Gravenhorst.
Polysphincta carbonator morio Hellén, 1915: 45. Misidentified as Polysphincta morio Hellén.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except dorsal parts of scape, pedicel and 1st flagellomere dark brown. Face indistinctly convex on median part. Hind leg whitish brown, except entire coxa and basal to subapical part of femur yellowish brown; apical parts of femur, tibia, 5th tarsomere and basal part of tarsal claw dark brown; subbasal part of tibia, apical part of 2nd tarsomere, entire 3rd to 4th tarsomeres and basal part of 5th tarsomere brown; apical part of tarsal claw reddish black.
Materials examined. Seoul: 1♂, Nowon-gu, Sanggye4- dong, Suraksan, 7.ix–6.x.2007, J.O. Lim leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Sankt Petersburg, Yaroslavl Oblast), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, U.S.A. (Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Taxas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin), Ukraine, United Kingdom.
Genus Paraperithous Haupt, 1954 주납작맵시벌속 Perithous (Paraperithous) Haupt, 1954: 104. TS: Perithous
(Paraperithous) aterrimus Haupt.
Anastelgis Townes, 1960: 109. TS: Anastelgis terminalis Townes.
Gnathaulax Townes, 1964 in Oehlke, 1964: 578. TS: Ephialtes gnathaulax Thomson.
11. Paraperithous gnathaulax (Thomson, 1877) 붉은다리주납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-E)
Ephialtes gnathaulax Thomson, 1877: 739. Lectotype: ♀;
TL: Sweden; TD: ZI.
Ephialtes luteipes Thomson, 1877: 740. Type: ♀; TL: Sweden;
TD: ZI.
Ephialtes ruficollis Rudow, 1881: 309. Type: ♀; TL: France;
TD: PM.
Perithous (Paraperithous) aterrimus Haupt, 1954: 105. Type:
♀; TL: Germany; TD: DEI.
Paraperithous moldavicus Constantineanu & Pisica, 1970: 1.
Type: ♀; TL: Romania; TD: CONSTANTINE.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except scape, pedicel and dorsal parts of basal 1st to 2nd flagellomeres black. Hind leg brown, except entire coxa, trochanter, trochantellus and femur reddish brown; ventral part of tibia yellowish brown;
apical part of tarsal claw reddish black. Hind wing with a basal Hamulus and 11 distal hamuli; vein between inter- cubitella and subcostella as long as intercubitella; nervullus intercepted by discoidella above the mid part.
Material examined. [Korea] GB: 1♀, Pohang-si, Buk-gu, Cheongha-myeon, Yugye-ri, 29.v.2004; GG: 1♀, Namyangju- si, Jinjeop-eup, Gwangreungsumokwon-ro, 354, Gwangreung, 25.v.1967; [Germany] 1♀, Hannover, 29.viii.1948; 1♀, Unknown.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Kursk Oblast, Novgorod Oblast, Primor’ye Kray, Sankt Petersburg, Tambov Oblast, Varoslavl Oblast), Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia.
Genus Polysphincta Gravenhorst, 1829 거미살이납작맵시벌속(신칭)
Pimpla (Polysphincta) Gravenhorst, 1829: 112. TS: Polysphincta tuberosa Gravenhorst.
Oxyrrhexis Förster, 1869: 166. TS: Cryptus carbonator Gravenhorst.
Ephialtomorpha Ashmead, 1906 in Slosson, 1906: 324. TS:
Ephialtomorpha slossonae Ashmead.
12. Polysphincta longa Kasparyan, 1976 거미살이납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 2-F)
Polysphincta longa Kasparyan, 1976: 68. Type: ♀; TL:
Azerbaijan; TD: ZIN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except entire scape, basal to subapical part of pedicel and dorsal parts of basal 1st to 4th flagellomeres dark brown. Face longitudinally convex on median part. Mesoscutum entirely polished and sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs; notaulus distinct, extending to basal part. Mesopleuron indistinctly polished and sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs; median apical part smooth;
mesopleural suture distinctly and sparsely present; speculum indistinctly polished and smooth, except upper part relatively sparsely punctate, with hairs.
Material examined. [Korea] GW: 1♀, Yanggu-gun, Bangsan-myeon, Dutayeon, 6.x.1972; [Russia] 1♀, V.-Ussur stationary 40 km SE, 23.viii.1978, D.R. Kasparyan leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia (Amur Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Primor’ye Kray), Thailand, United Kingdom.
Genus Reclinervellus He & Ye, 1998 굽은맥납작맵시벌속(신칭)
Reclinervellus He & Ye, 1998: 153. TS: Reclinervellus dorsiconcavus He & Ye.
13. Reclinervellus nielseni (Roman, 1923) 진주굽은맥납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-A)
Polysphincta (Polysphincta) nielseni Roman, 1923: 207.
Lectotype: ♀; TL: Denmark; TD: NR.
Polysphincta tuberculata Uchida, 1932: 156. Type: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Diagnosis. Ventral apical parts of scape and pedicel whitish brown. Clypeus relatively sparsely punctate, with hairs.
Lateromedian longitudinal carina of Propodeum reduced. 2nd tergite mainly black, with triangle shaped brown mark on basal median part.
Material examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Anyang-si, Manan- gu, Anyang2-dong, Kwanak Arboretum, Alt. 133 m, N37°25′21.6″, E126°56′56.8″, 25.ix–15.x.2008, J.O. Lim leg; 1♀, Namyangju- si, Choan-myeon, Songchon-ri, Ungilsan, Alt. 99 m, N37°34′43.2″, E127°18′40.1″, 31.viii–17.ix.2009, J.O. Lim leg; 1♂, Pocheon-si, Soheul-eup, Jikdong-ri, 51-7, Korea National Arboretum, Saengtae tower, N37°45′9.1″, E127°9′4.7″, 1–
16.viii.2012, I.G. Kim leg; GN: 1♀, Jinju-si, Ibanseong- myeon, Dapcheon-ri, 27.vi–4.vii.2005, B.K. Ahn leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Denmark, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Japan, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Primor’ye Kray), United Kingdom.
14. Reclinervellus tuberculatus (Uchida, 1932) 주름굽은맥납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-B)
Polysphincta tuberculata Uchida, 1932: 156. Type: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Diagnosis. Ventral apical parts of scape and pedicel brown.
Clypeus relatively densely punctate, with hairs. Lateromedian longitudinal carina of propodeum distinct, extending to apical part. 2nd tergite mainly black, with sub-rectangle shaped brown mark on basal median part.
Material examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Namyangju-si, Choan-myeon, Songchon-ri, Ungilsan, Alt. 134 m, N37°34′43.3″, E127°18′37.5″, 5–18.ix.2009, J.O. Lim leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, Poland, Russia (Buryatskaya Respublika, Chita Oblast, Khabarovsk Kray, Primor’ye Kray, Sakhalin Oblast).
Figure 3. Habitus of Ephialtini spp. (A) Reclinervellus nielseni in dorsal view, (B) R. tuberculatus in dorsal view, (C) Schizopyga (S.) frigida in lateral view, (D) S. (S.) pictifrons in lateral view, (E) Head to mesosoma of S. (Schizopygoides) nitida in lateral view, (F) Townesia tenuiventris in lateral view. Scale bars: (A- D, F): 2.0 mm. (E): 1.0 mm.
Genus Schizopyga Gravenhorst, 1829 단미납작맵시벌속(신칭)
Pimpla (Schizopyga) Gravenhorst, 1829: 125. TS: Schizopyga podagrica Gravenhorst.
Laufeia Tosquinet, 1903: 381. TS: Laufeia mira Tosquinet.
Afrosphincta Benoit, 1953: 140. TS: Afrosphincta congica Benoit.
Dreisbachia Townes, 1962: 38. New name for primary homonym Laufeia Tosquinet.
15. Schizopyga (Schizopyga) frigida Cresson, 1870 검정단미납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-C)
Schizopyga frigida Cresson, 1870: 159. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Canada-Hudson Bay; TD: ANSP.
Schizopyga atra Kriechbaumer, 1887: 87. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Germany; TD: ZS.
Acrogonia varipes Matsumura, 1912: 244. Type: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Polysphincta pontiaci Viereck, 1917: 318. Type: ♂; TL:
U.S.A.; TD: CAES.
Schizopyga nipponica Uchida, 1928: 77. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Schizopyga matsumurai Matsumura, 1931: 66. New name for secondary homonym Acrogonia varipes Matsumura.
Diagnosis. Flagellum black, except ventral parts of scape, pedicel and entire flagellomeres brown, dorso-apical 1st to 10th flagellomeres dark brown. Face densely punctate, with dense hairs, mainly black on female. Pronotum polished and smooth; upper part relatively densely punctate, with hairs;
mainly black.
Material examined. [Korea] GW: 1♀, Goseong-gun, Ganseong-eup, Heul-ri, Jinburyeong, 13.vi.1992, S.M. Ryu leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario), China (Shaanxi), Czech Republic, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Khabarovsk Kray, Krasnodar Kray, Moscow Oblast, Primor'ye Kray, Sakhalin Oblast, Sankt Petersburg, Severo Osetinskaya Respublika, Tyumen Oblast, Yaroslavl Oblast), Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, U.S.A. (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Washington, Wisconsin), United Kingdom.
16. Schizopyga (Schizopyga) pictifrons pictifrons (Thomson, 1877) 붉은단미납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-D)
Pimpla pictifrons Thomson, 1877: 757. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Sweden; TD: ZI.
Pimpla bridgmani Bignell, 1894: 255. Type: ♀; TL: United Kingdom; TD: NHM.
Polysphincta stigmata Uchida, 1941: 121. Type: ♀; TL:
Japan; TD: HU.
Diagnosis. Flagellum yellowish brown, except ventral parts of scape, pedicel and entire flagellomeres, dorsal parts of apical 1st to 4th flagellomeres whitish brown. Face relatively and densely punctate, with hairs, mainly yellowish on male. Pronotum indistinctly polished and smooth; upper and lower parts sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs; mainly reddish black, except basal upper and lower parts whitish brown.
Material examined. [Korea] JJ: 1♂, Jeju-si, Haean-dong, Eorimok, 27.v.1992, J.Y. Cha leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Chelyabinsk Oblast, Chita Oblast, Khabarovsk Kray, Krasnodar Kray, Primor’ye Kray, Sakhalin Oblast), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia.
17. Schizopyga (Schizopygoides) nitida Kasparyan, 1976 광택단미납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-E)
Schizopyga (Schizopygoides) nitida Kasparyan, 1976: 68.
Type: ♂; TL: Russia-Primor’ye Kray; TD: ZIN.
Diagnosis. Flagellum brown, except apical 1st to 4th flagellomeres dark brown. Face sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs, mainly reddish black on female. Pronotum indistinctly polished and sparsely punctate, with sparse hairs;
mainly reddish black, except basal upper part whitish brown.
Material examined. [Korea] Busan: 1♀, Geumjeong-gu, Beomeosa-ro, 250, Temp. Beomeosa, 5.vi.1981, G.I. Seo leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Russia (Primor’ye Kray).
Genus Townesia Ozols, 1962 타운즈납작맵시벌속(신칭) Townesia Ozols, 1962: 12. TS: Ephialtes tenuiventris Holmgren.
18. Townesia tenuiventris (Holmgren, 1860) 타운즈납작맵시벌(신칭) (Figure 3-F)
Ichneumon gracilis Gmelin, 1790: 2699. Lectotype: ♀; TL:
Sweden; TD: NR.
Ephialtes tenuiventris Holmgren, 1860: 14. Lectotype: ♀;
TL: Sweden; TD: NR.
Ephialtes geniculatus Brischke, 1865: 179. Type: ♂; TL:
unknown; TD: lost.
Ephialtes pusio Walsh, 1873: 111. Type: ♀; TL: unknown;
TD: ANSP.
Ephialtes antefurcalis Thomson, 1877: 741. Type: ♀; TL:
Sweden; TD: ZI.
Apechthis pacificus Cushman, 1920 in Cushman, 1921: 353.
Type: ♀; TL: U.S.A.-Oregon; TD: USNM.
Ephialtes incertus Hensch, 1929: 149. Type: ♂; TL: Yugoslavia;
TD: IZB.
Ephialtes agnoscendus Roman, 1939: 189. Type: unknown;
TL: unknown; TD: unknown.
Diagnosis. Flagellum dark brown, except scape, dorsal part of pedicel, dorsal parts of basal 1st to 5th flagellomeres black;
apical 1st to 7th flagellomeres brown. Pronotum indistinctly polished and smooth; upper and lower parts relatively and densely punctate, with hairs; mainly black, except basal upper part with yellowish mark. Mesoscutum polished and densely punctate, with dense hairs; notaulus indistinct, extending to basal part. Mesopleuron indistinctly polished, densely punctate, with dense hairs; apical median part smooth.
Material examined. [Korea] GG: 1♀, Suwon-si, Gwonseon- gu, Seodun-dong, National Institute of Ecology, Jamsagon- chungbu, 23.x.2001, T.W. Kim leg.
Distribution. Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Canada (British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec), Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (Sicily), Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Khabarovsk Kray, Novosibirsk Oblast, Sankt Petersburg), Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, U.S.A. (California, Colorado, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Taxas, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin), United Kingdom, Yugoslavia.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201801201).
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