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ᅖḡ᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⦽ ᯦ჶ⠪a ᩑǍ

↽ ᮁ*⁵⁰⁾

Contents

Ⳓ. _ॅᨕa໑

ⳓ. _{ᅖḡ᳑ಡ ᯝၹᔍ}

⧎

Ⳕ. ᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡ᪡ ᅖḡ᳑ಡ ⳕ. ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑ

ᅙჶ

Ⳗ. _ษ⊹໑

* ⦽ǎჶᱽᩑǍᬱ ᇡᩑǍ᭥ᬱ

Ⳓ . ॅᨕa໑

⠪a௡əa⊹ӹᙹᵡᮥๅʑ۵äᮥั⦽݅.¹⁾ ᯦ჶ⠪a۵᯦ჶ᮹༊ᱢᯕӹ

⬉ŝᨱ ݡ⦽ ⠪aෝ ั⦽݅. ᯦ჶ⠪aᨱ ݡ⦽ ᱽࠥ⪵ෝ ᩑǍ⦹۵ ᯦ᰆᨱᕽ۵

᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ݅ෙ ᱶᇡ⠪a᮹ šĥa

Ǣɩ⦹݅

.

ⷢᱶᇡᨦᇡ⠪aʑᅙჶⷣ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵ᱶᇡ᮹ʑᅙᱢᯙᨦྕෝ⠪a⦹۵Ğᬑ

௝۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡۵ ə đᮥ

ݍญ⦽݅

. ə౑ߑ ᱶᇡᨦྕ⠪a ᯕ᫙ᨱࠥ

ᩍ్ჶᨱᕽᩍ్⠪aᱽࠥa

᳕ᰍ⦽݅

. ⷢᖒᄥᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ⠪aჶⷣᨱᕽ۵ᖒᄥᩢ

⨆ᇥᕾ, ⷢᇡ➉ႊḡၰǎၝǭᯖ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ᖅ⊹᪡ᬕᩢᨱš⦽ჶශⷣ᮹ᇡ➉ᩢ

⨆ᇥᕾ, _{ⷢŖŖʑš᮹}

i॒ᩩႊŝ⧕đᨱš⦽Ƚᱶⷣ᮹i॒ᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ॒b᳦

}ᄥᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᯕᯩᮝ໑, ༉ुʑᅙĥ⫮ၰᵲᰆʑĥ⫮ᨱ۵ᯕᱥĥ⫮ᨱݡ⦽

⠪aa

᳕ᰍ⦽݅

.

ᯕ౨í

ᅙ݅໕ ჶශᔢ᮹ ⠪aᱽࠥ۵ Ñ᮹ ༉ु ᩢᩎᨱ ᯩ݅Ł

ᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅. ə౨݅໕ᯕ్⦽⠪aᱽࠥᨱ޵ᇩᨕᕽ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ᨕਁ⦽Ƚჵᱢ᭥⊹᪡ႊჶು

ᮥ aᲙ᧝ ⦹۵ḡ Łၝᯕ ᦩ ࢁ ᙹ ᨧᮥ äᯕ݅.

޵ᬒᯕ↽ɝ᯦ჶᮡჶශᨱᱶᇡᱶ₦ᔍᨦᮥȽᱶ⦹Łᯩᨕᕽ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ň ᱶᇡᱶ₦ԕḡᱶᇡᔍᨦᨱݡ⦽⠪a᪡zᮡḡᱱᮥ݅൉Łᯩ݅. _{✚⯩ᅖḡჶᱽ} ۵Ƚᱽჶᱽӹ

ḥ⯆ჶᱽ᪡۵ ݍญ ᅙ௹ᔍ௭ᨱݡ⦽⚍ᯱ௝۵ᱱᨱᕽ

,

༊⢽ෝ

ᖅᱶ⦹Ñӹ⠪aႊჶ᮹ᖅᱶᮥྜྷುᯕ໑

, ⠪a᜽ʑᖅᱶŝእᬊŝ⬉ŝෝa܁

⦹ʑ ᨕಖ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ᅖḡჶᱽ ᯱℕᨱ ݡ⦽ ⠪a᮹ ᨕಅᬡᯕ

᳕ᰍ⦽݅

. ᯕ

Ṉᮡɡᨱᕽ۵↽ɝᵲᦺᱶᇡ᪡ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᔍᯕ᮹ i॒ᮥ᧝ʑ⦹Łᯩ

۵ ᅖḡ᳑ಡෝ ᗭᰍಽ ᯦ჶ⠪aᱽࠥ᪡ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹ ⠪aᱽࠥ᪡᮹ šĥෝ ᇥᕾ⦹ᩍ ᯦ჶ⠪aᱽࠥ᮹ ၽᱥႊ⨆ᮥ ༉ᔪ⧕ ᅕŁᯱ ⦽݅.

1) ⠪a, ᇥᕾ, ᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ॒᮹ᬊᨕ۵əᥑᯥŝ᮹᮹ෝݍญ⦹ḡอʑᅙᱢᯙ᮹ၙaᙹᵡᮥๅʕ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ۵ z݅௝۵ ᱥᱽᨱᕽ ם᮹ෝ ᱥ}⦹ʑಽ ⦽݅.

ⳓ . ᅖḡ᳑ಡ ᯝၹᔍ⧎

1. ᅖḡ᳑ಡ᪡ ᅖḡ᳑ಡi॒

ⷢ⨭ჶⷣᱽ117᳑۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕaჶಚ᮹ჵ᭥ᦩᨱᕽᯱ⊹ᨱš⦽Ƚᱶᮥ

ᱽᱶ⧁ᙹᯩ݅ŁȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽Ƚᱶᵲ⦹ӹa᳑ಡᯙߑ, _{᳑ಡ۵ḡႊ}

ᯱ⊹݉ℕaəǭ⦽ᨱᗮ⦹۵ᔍྕᨱš⦹ᩍḡႊ᮹⫭᮹᮹đᮥÑℱᱽᱶ⦹۵ Ƚჵᯕ݅.

᳑ಡ۵əȽᮉԕᬊᨱ঑௝ᕽᩍ్aḡಽӹ٥ᨕᅝᙹᯩ۵ߑ, _{ᅖḡ᳑ಡ۵} ᅖḡᔍྕᨱ š⦽ ᳑ಡa ࡽ݅.

⩥ݡ ǎaᨱᯩᨕᕽ ᅖḡᔍྕ۵ ݡ⢽ᱢᯙǎaᔍྕᯕᯱ ḡႊᯱ⊹ᔍྕaࡽ

݅. ✚⯩ḡႊᔍྕ᮹✚ᖒᔢᵝၝॅŝaᰆaʾíᯩ۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᅖḡᔍ

ྕ᪡ᅖḡ᳑ಡ۵

Ḣᱲ⧪ᱶԕḡɝÑญᅖḡ⧪ᱶᮥᝅ⩥⦹۵᮹᮹ෝ w۵݅

. Ɂḩᱢᯙǎaᅖḡ᪡ḡᩎ✚ᖒᨱ฿۵ḡᩎᅖḡa᳑⪵ෝᯕ൉íࡹ۵äᯕ aᰆᯕᔢᱢᮝಽᵝၝᔾ⪽᮹ǭᯖᮥᅕᰆ⦹۵ႊჶᯕ௝۵ᱱᮡᇥ໦⧁äᯕ݅.

঑௝ᕽᨕ۱ǎaᯕुᵲᦺᱶᇡੱ۵ᩑႊᱶᇡəญŁḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕੱ۵ᵝᱶ ᇡ ॒ ᩍ్⊖᭥᮹ ᱶᇡಽ ⦹ᩍɩ ᅖḡᔍྕෝ ʑ܆ᱢᮝಽ ӹ٥ࠥಾ ᱽࠥ⪵۵ Ğ⨆ᯕ ᯝၹᱢᯕ௝ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

݅อ, _ᬑญⷢ

⨭ჶⷣ

_ŝⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᮡǎaᅖḡ᪡ḡᩎᅖḡᔍྕ᮹Ǎᄥᮥ

ᇥ໦⦹ḡ

ᦫí ⦹Ł ᯩ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ᵲᦺŝ ḡႊ ᔍᯕᨱ əญŁ Ƚჵᱢᮝಽ۵

ჶශŝ᳑ಡᔍᯕ᮹i॒᮹ᩍḡෝԉĉ״Łᯩ݅. əᯝಡaၵಽᕽᬙ✚ᄥ᜽᮹

ℎ֥ᙹݚ

²⁾ ԕḡᖒԉ᜽᮹

ℎ֥႑ݚ

³⁾ᮡᅖḡᔍྕᨱݡ⦽ݡ⢽ᱢᯙi॒ᔍಡ௝

⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

2) ‘ᕽᬙ✚ᄥ᜽ℎ֥ʑᅙ᳑ಡ’ ᱽ10᳑ᱽ3⧎ᮡ“᜽ᰆᮡℎ֥᮹܆࠺ᱢᯙᔍ⫭ₙᩍʑ⫭ෝᅕᰆ⦹ʑ

᭥⧕ℎ֥⪽࠺ᮥⅪḥ⦹Ł⪽ᖒ⪵⦹۵ḡᬱ·ᮂᖒႊᦩᮥvǍ⦹ᩍ᧝⦹໑, ᩩᔑ᮹ჵ᭥ԕᨱᕽ

⪽࠺እ॒ᮥ ḡɪ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.”Ł Ƚᱶ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

3) ‘ᖒԉ᜽ℎ֥႑ݚḡɪ᳑ಡ’ ᱽ1᳑ᨱᕽ۵“ᯕ᳑ಡ۵ⷢℎᗭ֥ʑᅙჶⷣᱽ8᳑᪡ᱽ49᳑, ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕ

ᰆʑᅙჶⷣᱽ5᳑, ⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᱽ8᳑᪡ᱽ9᳑᮹Ƚᱶᨱ঑௝ᖒԉ᜽ᨱÑᵝ⦹Łᯩ۵ℎ֥ᨱ íℎ֥႑ݚᮥḡɪ⦹ᩍᖒԉ᜽ℎ֥᮹ᅖḡ⨆ᔢŝ≉ᨦᩎపv⪵ෝࠥ༉⦹۵࠺᜽ᨱᖒԉ᜽

ḡᩎĞᱽ ⪽ᖒ⪵ᨱ ᯕၵḡ⧉ᮥ༊ᱢᮝಽ ⦽݅.”Ł Ƚᱶ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ჶශᨱᕽȽᱶ⦹ḡ

ᦫᮡ ℎ֥႑ݚੱ۵ ℎ֥ᙹݚᨱš⦹ᩍ᳑ಡಽȽᱶ⦽ä

ᯕŝᩑ᯦ჶǭ⦽ᮥ᭥ၹ⦽äᯙḡ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹šᱱᨱᕽם᮹⧕ᅝᙹᯩᮥ

äᯕ݅.

ᅖḡ᳑ಡෝ

ࢹ్᝝ ᯕ్⦽ i॒ᮡ ᅙḩᱢᯙ ໕ᮥ wŁ ᯩ۵ ࠺᜽ᨱ ↽ɝᨱ

⦽ǎᱢ ᔢ⫊ᮥ ၹᩢ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ℌṙ, Ƚჵᱢᯙྙᱽಽᕽᵲᦺᱶᇡ᪡ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᔍᯕ᮹ᔍྕ႑ᇥᯕ᯦ჶ ǭᨱ

⡍ťᱢᮝಽᵝᨕᲙᯩ݅۵ྙᱽᱱᯕᯩ݅

. ᯦ჶᯕᨧ۵ᩢᩎᨱݡ⧕ᕽ۵ ᅕ∊ᖒᬱ⊺᮹ჶญa⪶พࡹᨕᯩḡᦫ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽᅖḡ᳑ಡᱽᱶ᮹ᰆᧁaၽ ᔾ⦹Ł ᯩ݅Łᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

ࢱჩṙ۵ᱶ⊹ᱢᯙྙᱽಽᕽ⦽ǎ᮹Ğᬑᨱݡ☖ಚᱽ᪡ᵲᦺḲǭᱽađ⧊

ࡹ໕ᕽ ḡႊᨱ ݡ⦽ ᵲᦺǭಆ᮹ ☖ᱽǭ⦽ᮥ v⪵⦹ಅ۵ ⧪┽ෝ ᅕᯕŁ ᯩ݅.

✚⯩᧝ݚᯙḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᰆᮡňၵಽݡ☖ಚ⬥ᅕaࢁᙹᯩ۵Ğಆᮥw⇹

äᮝಽᅕᦥᯕॅ᧝ݚ⇽ᝁḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᰆᨱݡ⦽

čᱽಽᕽࠦᯱᱢᯙᅖḡᔍᨦ

ŝ ᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⦽ ᵲᦺᱶᇡ᮹

čᱽĞ⨆ᮥ ᅕᯕŁ ᯩ݅

.

ᖙჩṙ۵ᰍᱶᱢšᱱᨱᕽࠥḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹᳑ಡෝ☖⦽ᅖḡ⧪ᱶᮡᨕಅ ᬡᯕฯ݅

. ᅖḡ⧪ᱶ॒݅᧲⦽⧪ᱶॅᯕǎaಽᇡ░ᯕᱥࡹŁᯩḡอ, _ḡႊᰍᱶ ᙹ᯦᮹

ɚᝍ⦽ᇩɁ⩶ᮡĥᗮᱢᮝಽᵲᦺᱶᇡ᮹᳕⦹í⦹۵ᰍᱶǍ᳑ෝ wŁ

ᯩ݅. ᵲᦺŝḡႊ᮹ᰍᱶᙹ᯦ᯕ8:2_{ᯙߑእ⧕ᕽᰍᱶḡ⇽ᮡ}4:6_{ᮝಽḡႊᯕ޵}

Ⓧ݅.

ੱ⦽ᵲᦺᱶᇡ۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᨱݡ⦽☖ᱽᙹ݉ᮝಽᰍᱶḡᬱᮥᯕᬊ⦹Łᯩ

݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕa ࠦᯱᱢᯙ ᅖḡᔍᨦᮥ ⇵ḥ⦹ʑ ᨕಖ݅.

2. ᅖḡᔍྕ ႑ᇥ᮹ ᨕಅᬡ

ⷢ⨭ჶⷣᱽ117_᳑ᱽ1

⧎ᮡ

‘ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ۵ᵝၝ᮹ᅖญᨱš⦽ᔍྕෝ

⃹ญ

⦹Łᰍᔑᮥšญ⦹໑, ჶಚ᮹ჵ᭥ᦩᨱᕽᯱ⊹ᨱš⦽Ƚᱶᮥᱽᱶ⧁ᙹᯩ݅.’

Ł Ƚᱶ⦹Ł ᯩ݅. ᯕෝ Ǎℕ⪵ ⦽ äᯕ ၵಽⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᯕ݅.

ⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᮡᱽ9_᳑ᱽ2

⧎ᨱᕽᅖḡᯱ⊹ᔍྕෝȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅

. _࠺ჶᱽ9

᳑ᱽ2

⧎ᮡ࠺ჶᱽ

1

⧎ᨱᕽȽᱶ⦽ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᔍྕෝǍℕ⪵⦹Łᯩ݅

.

ᷪ

,

࠺ჶ ᱽ2

⧎ᨱᕽ۵ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ ᔍྕෝ ᩩ᜽⦹໕ ݅ᮭ b ⪙᪡ z݅

. _݅อ,

࠺ჶᱽ2

⧎᮹݉ᕽ᳑⧎ᮡ

‘ჶශᨱᯕ᪡݅ෙȽᱶᯕᯩᮝ໕ə్⦹ḡᦥܩ⦹݅’ Ł Ƚᱶ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᯕ ᩩ᜽⦹Ł ᯩ۵ ᵝၝ᮹ ᅖḡ᷾ḥ ᔍྕ۵ ᦥ௹᪡ z݅.

ḡႊᯱ⊹ჶ ᱽ9᳑ ᱽ2⧎ ᱽ2⪙.

2. ᵝၝ᮹ ᅖḡ᷾ḥᨱ š⦽ ᔍྕ

a. ᵝၝᅖḡᨱ š⦽ ᔍᨦ/ ӹ. ᔍ⫭ᅖḡ᜽ᖅ᮹ᖅ⊹·ᬕᩢ ၰ šญ

݅. ᔾ⪽ᯕŅǢ(㈷㬾)⦽ ᯱ᮹ ᅕ⪙ ၰ ḡᬱ

௝. יᯙ·ᦥ࠺·ᝍᝁᰆᧁᯙ·ℎᗭ֥ ၰ ᩍᖒ᮹ ᅕ⪙᪡ ᅖḡ᷾ḥ

ษ. ᅕÕḥഭʑš᮹ᖅ⊹·ᬕᩢ/ ၵ. qᩝᄲŝ əၷ᮹ḩᄲ᮹ ᩩႊŝ ႊᩎ

ᔍ. ཹḡ·⪵ᰆᰆ(㣘㵦㉻) ၰԊʼnݚ᮹ᬕᩢ·šญ/ ᦥ. Ŗᵲᱲ~ᨦᗭ᮹᭥ᔾᮥ}ᖁ⦹ʑ᭥⦽ḡࠥ

ᯱ. ℎᗭ, ᪅ྜྷ᮹ ᙹÑ ၰ ⃹ญ/ ₉. ḡႊŖʑᨦ᮹ᖅ⊹ ၰ ᬕᩢ

ᯕäᮡᩩ᜽ᯙߑ, _{ᯕᵲᨱᕽཹḡ॒}, _{Ŗᵲᱲ~ᨦᗭ᮹᭥ᔾ},

ℎᗭ॒

, _ḡႊŖʑ ᨦᮡᅖḡ᷾ḥŝ

Ḣᱲšಉࡽᔍྕ௝ᅕʑࠥ ⯹ुᝅᱶᯕ݅

. _{᪅⯩ಅḡႊᯱ⊹݉}

ℕa ᝅ᜽⦹۵ ᅖḡᔍྕ۵ ᯕ ᅕ݅⭉ᦍ ޵ ฯ݅Łᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

ᯕ⃹ౝᅖḡᔍྕᨱš⦹ᩍᵲᦺᱶᇡ᪡ḡႊᔍᯕᨱǭ⦽႑ᇥᨱš⧕ᕽ⨭ჶ ŝჶශᨱ໦᜽ᱢᯙʑᅙᬱ⊺ᮡᨧ݅. ঑௝ᕽʑᅙᱢᮝಽⷢ⨭ჶⷣᮡḡႊᯱ⊹

݉ℕᨱí

‘_{ᅖญᨱš⦽ᔍྕ}’ᨱݡ⦽ǭ⦽ᮥᇡᩍ⦹Łᯩḡอ, _{ᯕᨱݡ⦽ᱥǭ⦽}

ᖒᮥ ᵝᨩ݅Ł۵ᅝ ᙹ ᨧ݅.

ⷢ⨭ჶⷣᮡჶ⊹ᵝ᮹ᱢšᱱᨱᕽḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᔍྕෝ‘_ჶಚ’_{ᨱ᮹⦽⦽ĥ}

ෝḡܩࠥಾȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, _ᬑญⷢ

⨭ჶⷣ

ᮡḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᨱᅕᰆ⦽ࠦᯱᱢ ᯙᯱ⊹ᔍྕᩢᩎᮥᖅᱶ⦹Łᯩḡ۵ᦫŁᯩ݅. ჶಚᮝಽȽᱶࡽᔍྕ۵ᨙᱽु

ḡǎa᮹ᔍྕಽ⧁Ƚᱶ⧁ᙹᯩ݅. _{঑௝ᕽʑᅙᱢᮝಽ۵}

⨭ჶᮡḡႊᯱ⊹⧪ᱶ

ᮥ ǎa᮹ ᯦ჶǭ ᦥ௹ᨱࣁᮝಽ៉ Ƚჵᱢᯙ ᔢ⦹šĥෝ ᇥ໦⯩ ⦹Ł ᯩ݅. əౝᨱࠥၝᵝᵝ᮹ᱢšᱱᨱᕽ۵ⷢ

⨭ჶⷣ

ᮡ݅᜽ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹Łᮁᖒŝ

ᯱᮉᖒᮥᇡᩍ⦹Łᯩ݅.

ᷪ

,

⨭ჶᮡḡႊ᮹⫭ෝᖁÑಽǍᖒ⦹í⦹ᩍḡႊᯱ⊹

᮹ Łᮁᖒŝ ᯱᮉᖒᨱ ݡ⦽ ၝᵝᱢ ᱶݚᖒᮥ ᇡᩍ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ᅙ௹᮹⫭᮹ʑ܆ᮡၝᵝᱢ᮹ᔍ᮹đᱶᯕ௝⧁ᙹᯩ݅

. _ⷢ

⨭ჶⷣ

_{ᮡḡႊᯱ⊹}

݉ℕෝ ݉ᙽ⯩⧪ᱶʑ܆ᮝಽᯙ᜾⦹۵äᯕᦥܩ௝ᖁÑෝ☖⦽᮹⫭ෝǍᖒ⦹

ࠥಾ⦹Łᯱ⊹᮹ᔍෝ

⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩí⦹ᩡ݅۵eᱲᱢᯕӹษḡႊᯱ⊹⧪ᱶ᮹

₦ᯥᖒŝ ᯱᮉᖒᮥ ᇡᩍ⦹Ł ᯩ۵ äᯕ݅.

݅อḡႊ᮹⫭ᨱᕽᱽᱶ⦹۵᳑ಡ௝۵Ƚჵᨱᨕਅ⧪ᱶŝ᯦ჶᔍ⧎ᮥȽᱶ

⧁ḡ۵

⨭ჶᮡྜྷುᯕ໑

ⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣŝⷢḡႊᇥǭၰḡႊ⧪ᱶℕᱽ}⠙ᨱ š⦽ ✚ᄥჶⷣ ॒ ᨕ۱ ჶශᨱࠥ ʑᵡᮥ ໦⪶⦹í ᱶ⦹Ł ᯩḡ۵

ᦫŁ ᯩ݅

. ᯕᨱݡ⦹ᩍ‘_{ჶಚ᮹ჵ᭥ᦩᨱᕽ}’ᨱݡ⦽ᯝၹᱢᯙ⧕ᕾುᮡǎa᯦ჶᯙჶශ ᯕȽᱶ⦽ᩢᩎᨱݡ⧕ᕽ۵᳑ಡ۵ᯕෝ᭥ၹ⧕ᕽ۵ᦩࡽ݅۵ᱱᮡ໦⦺⦹݅.

ྙᱽaࡹ۵ᩢᩎᮡჶශᯕᨧ۵Ğᬑᯕ݅.

ᷪ

, ჶශᮡŖ႒ᔢ┽ᯙĞᬑᨱᯱ

⊹᳑ಡෝᱽᱶ⦹ᩍḡႊᔍྕಽȽᱶ⦹۵äᮡa܆⦽a᮹ྙᱽaၽᔾ⦽݅. _ᅖ ḡ⧪ᱶ᮹ᩢᩎᨱᕽ۵ᱥǎᱢᮝಽᱢᬊࡹᨕ᧝⦹۵ᔍ⫭ᅕ⨹ᯕӹŖŖᇡ᳑᪡۵

ݍญ ᔍ⫭ᕽእᜅ᮹ Ğᬑᨱ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ ࠦᯱᱢᯙ ᅖḡ᳑ಡ᪡ ᔍᨦᮥ ᨕ۱

ᱶࠥ ᯙᱶ⧁ äᯙa᮹ ྙᱽa ၽᔾ⦽ ݅.

ᯕྙᱽ۵Ƚჵᱢᮝಽ۵ᬑญⷢ⨭ჶⷣᱽ117_᳑“_ᅖญᔍྕ”_᪡“_{ჶಚ᮹ჵ᭥}

ᦩ” ᔍᯕ᮹ʑ܆႑ᇥᮥᨕਜí⧁ḡ᮹ྙᱽaࡽ݅. _{ᯕ۵⨭ჶᮡྜྷುᯕ໑}, _ḡႊ

ᯱ⊹ჶ॒ᨱᕽᵲᦺᱶᇡ᪡ḡႊᔍᯕ᮹ᔍྕ႑ᇥᮥ໦⪶⦹í⦹ḡ༜⦹Łᯩ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ၽᔾ⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ᩍʑᕽ‘_ჶಚ’ᯕ௡ჶශอᯕᦥܩ௝᳑᧞, ݡ☖ಚಚ?ⅾญಚ?ᇡಚ॒ᮥ

⡍⧉⦽

݅.

ᷪ

, ᳑ಡa ჶಚᨱ ⦹᭥ᨱ ᯩ݅۵ äᮡ ၝᵝᱢ ᱶݚᖒᮥ

w۵ ḡႊ᮹⫭a

ᱽᱶ⦽ ᳑ಡa ᜽⧪ಚ ᅕ݅ ⦹᭥ᨱ ᭥⊹⦹Ł ᯩ݅۵ äᯕ݅. _{ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕí}

᳑ಡಽᕽ ᯱᮉᱢᯙ ⧪ᱶᮥ ⦹ʑᨱ۵ ๅᬑ᳢ᮡ✩ᮥ ḡܩŁ ᯩ݅.

✚⯩ ᅖḡᔍྕෝ እ೐⦽ ᵝၝŝ šಉࡽ ᔍྕa ᯩ۵ Ğᬑᨱ۵ ᵲᦺŝ ḡႊ

ᵲ٥Ǎᨱíᬑᖁᱢᯙ₦ᯥŝǭ⦽ᯕᯩ۵ḡᨱš⦹ᩍᕽᇩᇥ໦⦹íࡹᨕᯩ݅.

ᔍྕෝᇥ႑⦹ḡᦫŁᯩᮥ

ᐱอᦥܩ௝ⷢ ⨭ჶⷣ

ᯕӹⷢḡႊᯱ⊹ჶⷣᨱᅕ∊ᖒ ᬱ⊺ᯕ໦᜽ᱢᮝಽȽᱶࡹᨕᯩḡ

ᦫ݅۵ᱱੱ⦽ᔍྕ᮹Ǎᄥᮥᨕಖí⦹Ł

ᯩ݅.

ᯕ్⦽ᔍྕǍᄥ᮹ᇩᇥ໦ᖒᮡᅖḡ᳑ಡᨱݡ⦽᯦ჶ⠪aෝ޵ᬒᨕಖíอ

ॅŁ ᯩ݅.

Ⳕ . ᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡ᪡ ᅖḡ᳑ಡ

1. ᯦ჶ⠪a

᯦ჶ⠪a۵ ⦹ӹಽ ᱶ᮹ ԕญʑ ᨕಅᬕ }ֱᯕ݅. ᯦ჶ⠪aᨱ ݡ⦽ ݡᔢŝ

⠪aᩢᩎᮡᩑǍᯱษ݅₉ᯕaᯩ݅. ᯦ჶ⠪aݡᝁ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᯕ௝۵ᬊᨕෝ

ᔍᬊ⦹۵Ŕࠥ ᯩ݅.

<_⢽-1> ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹ ݡᔢŝ ⠪aᩢᩎ⁴⁾

4) v⩥℁᫙2ᯙ, ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪a᮹እƱŁₑၰšĥᖅᱶᨱš⦽ᩑǍ, ⦽ǎჶᱽᩑǍᬱ, 2012, 155໕ᨱᕽ ᯙᬊ

ᩑǍᯱ ݡ ᔢ ⠪aᩢᩎ॒

ၶᩢࠥ ᝅḩᱢ ᮹ၙ᮹ ჶශᨱ ݡ⦽ ⠪a ᰍᱶᱢ ၰ እᰍᱶᱢ

᮹ࠥᱢ ၰ እ᮹ࠥᱢ ᩢ⨆ ᱥၹ

ᝁᔢ⪹ ᯦ჶŝᱶ ⩢ᝁᱢᯙ ŝ⦺ʑჶ

↽ᮅ℁

↽Ų᮹=ჶශᱽᱶŝ šಉ⦽ ༉ु ᇡᇥ ᨱݡ⦽⠪a(ǍℕᱢᯙჶȽ+᮹⫭ၰᱶ ᇡ᯦ჶᯱ+᯦ჶŝᱶ+᯦ჶᨱᩢ⨆ᮥၙ

⊹۵b᳦ ᯕᯖ݉ℕ, ᔍ⫭݉ℕ Ų᮹=ჶȽ+᯦ჶᯱ+᯦ჶŝᱶ

⩲᮹=ჶȽ+᯦ჶŝᱶ

↽⩲᮹=ჶȽ

ᩍ్ ᩢᩎ᮹ ᩢ⨆

ᱶ₞⪵ ᯦ჶ⧪᭥᮹ ᝅ᜽, ⬉ŝ ჶ᮹ ᝅ⬉ᖒ(ჶᔍ⫭⦺)

᯦ჶእᬊŝ ⠙ᯖ(ჶĞᱽ⦺)

⦽ᔢᬑ/

v⩥℁/

ඹ℁⪙

⩥⧪᮹ Ƚᱽᩢ⨆⠪a॒b᳦ ᩢ⨆⠪a

ෝ ⡍ť⦹۵ ᅕ݅ ᳦⧊ᱢᯕŁ ℕĥᱢᯙ

⠪a

ჶᱢ?⧪ᱶᱢ⊂໕ ŝ⦺ᱢ ᇥᕾʑჶ

᯦ჶ⠪a۵20

ᖙʑᱢ⩥ᔢᯕ௝⧁ᙹᯩ݅

. 20

ᖙʑॅᨕᕽᕽჶ᮹⪮ᙹᗮᨱ

ᕽ

ᳬᮡჶᮥอॅʑ᭥⦽᯲ᨦᮝಽᕽჶ᮹⬉ŝᖒᮥၙญᩩ݉⧕ᅕÑӹ⪶ᯙ⧕

ᅕ۵ ༉ु ŝᱶᮥ ᯦ჶ⠪a௝ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅. _{ჶ᮹ ⬉ŝᖒᮥ}

⪶ᯙ⦹۵ ႊჶᮝಽ

ᔍ⫭ŝ⦺ᱢ

ႊჶᯕ࠺ᬱࡹ۵ߑ

, _{☖ĥ۵ྜྷುᯕ໑}, _ᯙ░ቑ, _{⬉ŝᇥᕾ॒݅᧲⦽}

ႊჶॅᯕ ᔍᬊࡽ݅

.

2. ᯦ჶ⠪a ᱽࠥ⪵᮹ ᨕಅᬡ

᯦ჶ⠪aᨱݡ⦽᪅௽ᩑǍᨱࠥᇩǍ⦹Ł᯦ჶ⠪a۵ᱽࠥ⪵ࡹʑᨕಅᬕᝅ ᱶᨱ ᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹ ᵝℕa ٥a ࢁ äᯕ໑, _⠪a᮹

༊⢽ ၰ ᖙᇡʑᵡ

॒᮹⠪a᮹

⃺ࠥྙᱽ

, ⠪aᱩ₉ၰ⠪ađŝᨱݡ⦽⬉ŝ॒᮹ǭ⦽ᖅᱶ॒ᯕ

༉ࢱ ᯦ჶǭŝ šಉࡹᨕ ᯩʑ ভྙᯕ݅.

ੱ⦽

ႊჶುᮝಽᕽʑ᳕᮹ჶ⦺ႊჶುŝ᮹₉ᄥ⪵⦹ʑŅ௡⦹݅۵ḡᱢࠥa

܆⦹݅.

ᷪ

, ʑ᳕᮹ჶ⦺ႊჶುᯙℕĥᱢᇥᕾ, ჶםญᱢᇥᕾ॒ᯕᩍᱥ⯩ᵲ᫵

⦽

ႊჶುᯕࡽ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽእᬊᇥᕾ

, _{እᬊ⬉ŝᇥᕾ}, _ᙹᬊᖒ, _{ᝅᬊa܆ᖒ॒ᔍ}

⫭ŝ⦺ԕḡĞᱽ⦺ᱢ

ႊჶᱢᬊᮥ☖⦽ჶ⬉ŝᇥᕾᮥᨕ۱ᱶࠥᙹᬊ⧕᧝⦹۵

ḡᨱ š⦽ ᨕಅᬡࠥ ᩍᱥ⯩

᳕ᰍ⦽݅

.

↽ɝᨱ

ᖙĥᱢᯙ⇵ᖙ۵᯦ჶ⠪aෝᱽࠥ⪵⦹۵äᯕ᫙ᨱȽᱽ᯦ჶᨱݡ⦽

Ƚᱽᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ(RIA)ᮥ ᱽࠥ⪵⦹໕ᕽ ჶᨱ ݡ⦽ ⬉ŝᇥᕾᮥ ᝅ᜽⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, Ƚᱽᩢ⨆ᇥᕾŝ ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹

༊ᱢᯕ ᯝ⊹⦹໕ᕽ ᧲ ᱽࠥa Ǎᄥࡹḡ ᦫᮥᐱอ

ᦥܩ௝᪅⯩ಅȽᱽᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ᮹⦽ᇡᇥᮝಽᕽ᯦ჶ⠪aaᝅ᜽ࡹ۵Ğ⨆ᮥᅕᯕ Ł ᯩ݅.

ੱ⦽᯦ჶᨱݡ⦽⠪aᱽࠥ۵Ƚᱽᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᯕ᫙ᨱࠥᇡ➉ᩢ⨆⠪a, _ᖒᄥᩢ

⨆⠪a, _{ჶᦩእᬊ⇵ĥ},

i॒ᩢ⨆⠪a॒}ᄥჶᨱᕽ᮹ᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᱽࠥ᮹ၽᱥ⦹Ł

ᩑǍᯱ ݡ ᔢ ⠪aᩢᩎ॒

ǎ⫭᯦ჶ

᳑ᔍ⃹

⩥⧪ ჶශ ᱽ?}ᱶ ჶශᦩ ჶශᦩ Ⅹᦩ

ᱶ⊹?Ğᱽ?ᔍ⫭ᱢ ᩢ⨆॒

᯦ჶ᮹⬉ŝᖒ: ༊⢽ ݍᖒ a܆ᖒ, ᙹᬊa܆ᖒ, ᝅᬊᖒ, እᬊ ݡእ⬉ŝ, ᵡᙹa܆ᖒ॒

ᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽ }ᄥᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᮡ šಉ ჶᨱᕽ ᱽࠥ⪵ࡹᨕ ᯩ݅.

ə౑ߑ↽ɝᨱᯝᇡḡᩎᨱᕽ۵᳑ಡෝᱽᱶ⦹Ñӹ}ᱶ⧁ভ⠪a᳑ಡෝอ

ॅᨕᕽ᳑ಡ᮹⬉ŝෝᩩ⊂⦹Ñӹ᳑ಡ᮹⬉ŝෝ⪶ᯙ⦹Łᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, _᳑ಡᨱݡ

⦽ ᯦ჶ⠪aa ᱽࠥ⪵ࡹŁ ᯩ݅.

3. ᯦ჶ⠪a ᳑ಡ᮹ ᱽᱶ

2013֥ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽᳑ಡᔍ⬥᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡෝ᜽᯲ᮝಽĞʑࠥ᪡ᇡᔑŲᩎ

᜽ əญŁ ᱽᵝ✚ᄥᯱ⊹ࠥᨱᕽ ᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡa ᱽᱶࡹᨩ݅.

<_⢽-2> _{᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡ ⩥⧎}

2013֥ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ ᳑ಡ ᔍ⬥ ᯦ჶ⠪a ᳑ಡ

2013֥ Ğʑࠥ ᯱ⊹ჶȽ ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ ᳑ಡ 2014֥ ᇡᔑŲᩎ᜽ ᳑ಡ ᯦ჶ⠪a ᳑ಡ

2015֥ ᱽᵝ✚ᄥᯱ⊹ࠥ ᯱ⊹ჶȽ ᯦ჶ⠪a ᳑ಡ

ḡᩎษ݅⠪a᳑ಡ᮹ᝅ᜽ݡᔢᮡ᳑ɩᦊ݅෕݅.

ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽᪡ᇡᔑŲᩎ᜽۵

ᔍ⬥᯦ჶ⠪aอᮥ᜽⧪⦹Łᯩ݅. ə౑ߑእ⧕ᕽĞʑࠥ᪡ᱽᵝ۵ᔍᱥŝᔍ⬥

᯦ჶ⠪aෝ ᝅ᜽⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

٥a᯦ჶ⠪aෝᝅ᜽⧁ḡᨱš⧕ᕽ

ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽᪡ᇡᔑŲᩎ᜽۵⠪a᭥ᬱ⫭

᮹Ǎᖒᮥ᜽ᰆ᮹₦ᯥᮝಽȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅. ᯕ᪡እƱ⦹ᩍĞʑࠥŲᩎ᜽᪡ᱽᵝ

✚ᄥᯱ⊹᜽۵ ⠪a᭥ᬱ⫭a ᮹⫭ᗭᗮᮝಽ ࡹᨕ ᯩ݅.

əญŁ ᔍᱥᱢ ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ ᳑ಡᱽᱶ ᱥᯕ໑, _{ᔍ⬥⠪a᮹ Ğᬑᨱ۵}2_֥ ԕḡ3֥ᮥᵝʑಽ⦹ᩍᱶʑᱢᮝಽᔍ⬥⠪aෝ⦹۵äᮥȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅. _⨆⬥

bḡᩎษ݅ᔍ⬥⠪aaᵝʑᱢᮝಽᯕ൉ᨕḡíࡹ໕ᔍ⬥⠪a᮹ݡᔢŝ

ႊჶᨱ

ݡ⦽ Ğ⨹ࠥ ⧉̹ ⇶ᱢࢁ äᮝಽ ᩩᔢࡽ݅.

4. ᅖḡ᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⦽ ᯦ჶ⠪a

ݡ⢽ᱢᯙ᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡᯙĞʑࠥ᮹ⷢĞʑࠥᯱ⊹ჶȽ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ᳑ಡⷣ

ෝ ᅕ໕ ݅ᮭŝ zᮡ ᔍᱥ⠪aʑᵡŝ ᔍ⬥⠪aʑᵡᯕ ᳑ಡᨱ Ƚᱶࡹᨕ ᯩ݅.

<_⢽-3> Ğʑࠥ ᔍᱥ ⠪aʑᵡ⁵⁾

1.

᯦ჶ᮹

⦥᫵ᖒ

ᔢ᭥ ჶಚᨱ ᭥ᯥࡽ ᔍ⧎ᯕÑӹ ᯱ⊹ᔍྕᨱ ⧕ݚ Ŗᯖ ၰ ᱶ₦ᝅ⩥ᨱ ⦥᫵⦽ ᳑ಡᩍᇡ

᳑ಡಽ Ƚᱶ⧕᧝ ⧁ ᔍ⧎ᯙa?

(Ƚ⊺ᮝಽ ᱶ⦹Ñӹ ǎaᨱᕽ ჶಚᮝಽ ᱶ⧕᧝ ⧁ ᔍ⧎ᮡ ᦥܭa?) 2.

ᱢჶᖒ /ᵲᅖᖒ

᯦ᦩԕᬊᯕ ⨭ჶ ၰ ᔢ᭥ჶಚᨱ ᇡ⧊⦹۵ḡ ᵲᅖࡹ۵ ჶಚ ၰ ݅ෙ ᯱ⊹ჶȽa ᯩ۵ḡ

ᵲᅖࡹ۵ ჶಚᯕӹ ᯱ⊹ჶȽa ᯩᮭᨱࠥ ᄥࠥಽ ᱽᱶ⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ۵ḡ 3.

እᬊ /᮹čᙹಕ

እᬊᯕฯᯕ ᙹၹࡹᨕ ᰍᱶÕᱥᖒᮥ ⧕⋁ ᗭḡa ᯩ۵ḡ እᬊ⇵ĥ۵ ᯕ൉ᨕᲭ۵ḡ

᳑ಡᱽᱶ᜽ ᯦ჶᩩŁ, Ŗℎ⫭॒ ᮹čᙹಕᮥ Ñⅅ۵ḡ

᳑ಡ᜽᜽⧪ᨱ঑ෙ ᯕ⧕ݚᔍᯱ᮹ ᮹č ၰၹݡ᮹čᮥ ∊ᇥ⯩á☁⧩۵ḡ

ᔍᱥ᯦ჶ⠪aʑᵡᵲaᰆℌჩṙ۵᯦ჶ᮹⦥᫵ᖒᇡᇥᯕ݅. _ʑᵡᔢ‘_ᔢ᭥

ჶಚᨱ᭥ᯥࡽᔍ⧎ᯕÑӹᯱ⊹ᔍྕᨱ⧕ݚ’ࡽᇡᇥᮡbb᭥ᯥ᳑ಡ᪡ᯱ⊹᳑

ಡಽᕽ ᯦ჶ᮹ ⦥᫵ᖒᮥ ᯙᱶၼí ࡽ݅.

ੱ⦽ Ŗᯖ ၰ ᱶ₦ᝅ⩥ᨱ ⦥᫵⦽ ᳑ಡᯙḡ᮹ ᩍᇡ۵ ᳑ಡa ✚ᱶ⦽

༊ᱢᯕ

ᯩ۵ḡ۵

⪶ᯙ⦹۵ äᮝಽ

ᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅. əญŁ ᳑ಡಽ ᱶ⧕᧝ ⧁ ᔍ⧎ᯙḡᨱ š⦽ԕᬊᮡȽ⊺ᮝಽᱶ⦹Ñӹǎaᨱᕽჶಚᮝಽᱶ⧕᧝⦹۵ᔍ⧎ᯙḡෝྜ

Ł ᯩ݅.

᳑ಡಽᱶ⧕᧝⦹۵ᔍ⧎ᯙḡჶᮝಽȽᱶ⧕᧝⧁ᔍ⧎ᯙḡ᮹Ǎᄥᮡʑᅙᱢ ᮝಽǭญ᪡᮹ྕᔍ⧎ᮡჶȽᔍ⧎ᯕ௝۵ᱱᨱᕽ᳑ಡ᮹Ğᬑᨱǭญ᪡᮹ྕෝ

Ḣᱲᇡᩍ⧁ᙹᨧ݅Ł

ᅝᙹᯩ݅. ݅อᅖḡᔍᨦ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵᳑ಡෝᙹɪݡᔢ

ෝᖁᱶ⧁Ğᬑᨱ۵ᙹɪǭᯕᔾʕ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ᳑ಡᨱ᮹⦽ǭญᇡᩍࠥa܆⦹

݅Ł ᔾb⧕ᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

5) ⷢĞʑࠥ ᯱ⊹ჶȽ ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ ᳑ಡⷣ ᄥ⢽1 <ᔍᱥ ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾḡ⢽>

əญŁ᳑ಡੱ۵Ƚ⊺ᮝಽᱶ⧕᧝⧁ᔍ⧎᮹Ǎᄥᮡᱥǎᱢᮝಽ☖ᯝࡽʑᵡ ᯕ⦥᫵⦽äᯙḡᦥܩ໕ḡᩎᱢ✚ᯕᖒᨱ঑ෙᯱᮉᖒᮥ⦥᫵ಽ⦹۵ḡᨱ঑௝

ᕽ ӹ٥ᨕḩ ᙹ ᯩᮥ äᯕ݅.

ࢱჩṙ⠪aʑᵡᯙᱢჶᖒŝᵲᅖᖒ᮹ྙᱽ۵ℌჩṙ᪡ࠥ᮹ၙaᯝᇡᵲᅖ

ࡽ݅. _{ຝᱡ᯦ჶԕᬊᯕ}

⨭ჶၰᔢ᭥ჶಚᨱᇡ⧊⦹۵ḡෝ

ྜŁᯩ݅. _əญŁᵲ ᅖࡹ۵ჶಚၰ݅ෙᯱ⊹ჶȽaᯩ۵ḡෝ

⪶ᯙ⦹ᩍᵲᅖࢉᨱࠥᄥࠥಽᱽᱶ⧕

᧝ ⧁ ✚ᄥ⦽ ᯕᮁa ᯩ۵ḡෝྜŁ ᯩ݅.

ᖙჩṙ۵᳑ಡෝḲ⧪⦹۵ߑ⦥᫵⦽እᬊᨱš⦽ԕᬊᯕ݅

. _{ᰍᱶÕᱥᖒᝍᔍ}, እᬊ⇵ĥ, ᮹čᙹಕ əญŁ ၹݡ᮹čᨱ ݡ⦽ á☁ෝ

ᖙᇡ᫵Õᮝಽ ⦹Ł ᯩ݅

.

<_⢽-4> Ğʑࠥ ᔍ⬥ ᯦ჶ⠪a ʑᵡ⁶⁾

6) ⷢĞʑࠥ ᯱ⊹ჶȽ ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾ ᳑ಡⷣ ᄥ⢽2 <ᔍ⬥ ᯦ჶᩢ⨆ᇥᕾḡ⢽>

᯦ჶᩢ⨆ ᇥᕾ⧎༊ ᖙᇡ⧎༊

1.

᯦ჶ༊ᱢ᮹ ᝅ⩥ᖒ

᳑ಡ᮹ ᯦ჶݚ᜽ᖅᱶ⦽ ᯦ჶ༊ᱢᮡ ə ᮹ࠥݡಽ ᙹ⧪ࡹᨩÑӹ ᙹ⧪ࡹŁ ᯩ۵a?

᳑ಡ᮹ ᯦ჶݚ᜽ᖅᱶ⦽ ᯦ჶ༊ᱢᮥ ᙹ⧪⧁ ᙹᨧࠥಾ ⦹۵ ᔩಽᬕ ᔍᱶᯕӹ ᭥⨹ᯕ ӹ┡ԍÑӹ ӹ┡ԁ ᬑಅa ᯩ۵a?

2.

ᮁ⬉ᖒ ၰ

⬉ᮉᖒ

᳑ಡ᮹Ḳ⧪እᬊŝ əಽ ᯙ⦹ᩍ᨜ᮡ ⠙ᯖᮡ ᯦ჶݚ᜽ ʑ⫮⦹ᩡ޹

⬉ŝෝ ݍᖒ⦹Ł ᯩ۵a?

ᩩᔢ⦹ḡ༜⦽Ḳ⧪እᬊ/ᇡ᯲ᬊᯕ ၽᔾ⦽ Ğᬑa ᯩ۵a?

3.

ჶᱢ⧊ᖒ

᳑ಡԕᬊᯕ ⨭ᱶḩᕽ ၰ ᔢ᭥ჶಚᨱ႑⊹ࡹÑӹ ᭥ᯥᯕᨧᮭᨱࠥ

ྕญ⦹í ᜽⧪⦹Ł ᯩḡ۵ ᦫ۵a?

⧕ݚɝÑჶಚᯕᨧ۵ Ğᬑ ᯱ⊹ᔍྕಽ ᯙᱶࢁ ᙹ ᯩ۵a?

᳑ಡ᮹ ᜽⧪ŝᱶᨱᕽ ݅ෙ ᳑ಡ᪡᮹ ∊࠭ੱ۵ ༉ᙽᯕӹ ݡพᱢᯙ Ğᬑa ၽᔾ⦹ḡ۵ ᦫᦹ۵a?

᳑ಡ᮹ ᱥᇡੱ۵ ᯝᇡaԉ֡(ᖒᄥᩢ⨆)/ᰆᧁᯙ(ᰆᧁᯙ₉ᄥɩḡ) ॒ᮥ

₉ᄥ⦹۵⬉ŝෝ ᧝ʑ⦹ᩡÑӹ ᧝ʑ⦹Ł ᯩḡ۵ ᦥܩ⦽a?

4.

᳑ಡ᮹ ʑᩍࠥ

᳑ಡ᜽⧪ᮝಽ ࠥၝ᮹⬥ᔾᅖญ᮹ }ᖁᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ၙⅅ۵a?

ḡᩎ⩥ᦩ ၰᇩ⠙⧕ᗭᨱ ʑᩍ⦹ᩡ۵a?

ᔍ⬥⠪aʑᵡᮡⓍíᅕ໕᯦ჶ༊ᱢᮥ݅᜽

⪶ᯙ⦽݅

. _{əญŁᔍᱥᄡĞᔍ⧎}

ᯕᯩ۵ḡෝ݅᜽

⪶ᯙ⦽݅

. _{ࢱჩṙಽ۵ᰍᱶᱢ}

⊂໕ᨱᕽ᳑ಡ᮹Ḳ⧪እᬊၰ

ᇡ᯲ᬊᮥ

⪶ᯙ⦽݅

. _əญŁ

ᖙჩṙಽ۵ ⨭ჶၰᔢ᭥ჶಚᨱ᭥ၹࡹ۵ᔍ⧎ᮡ

ᨧ۵ḡෝྜŁᯩ݅. ݅ෙ᳑ಡ᪡᮹∊࠭ྙᱽ᪡ᖒᄥᩢ⨆⠪aၰᰆᧁᯙ₉ᄥɩ ḡ ॒᮹ ✚ᯕᔍ⧎ᯕ ᨧ۵ḡࠥ ᔍ⬥⠪a᮹ ᝍᔍʑᵡᯕ ࡽ݅.

օჩṙಽ۵᳑ಡ᮹ʑᩍࠥෝ❭ᦦ⦹۵ߑ, ຝᱡ᳑ಡ᮹⬉ŝಽᕽ⬥ᔾᅖญ᮹ }ᖁၰḡᩎ⩥ᦩ॒᮹ᇩ⠙⧕ᗭᨱʑᩍ⧩۵ḡෝྜŁᯩ݅. _ə݅

ᮭᮝಽ۵ᯕෙ

ၵࠥၝॅᯕ᳑ಡෝᨕਜí⠪a⦹۵ḡੱ۵᯹ᯙ᜾⦹Łᯩ۵ḡ, _{ၝᬱᔍ⧎ᯕӹ}

₉ᄥੱ۵}ᱶԕḡ

⠱ḡ᫵Ǎaᨧ۵ḡෝ⪶ᯙ⦹Łᯩ݅

. _{əญŁษḡสᩍᖐ} ჩṙಽ ᳑ಡෝ ĥᗮ ᮁḡ⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ۵ḡෝྜŁ ᯩ݅.

᭥᪡zᯕ᯦ჶ⠪a᳑ಡᨱᕽ⠪aʑᵡᮡᯝၹᱢᮝಽǍᖒࡹᨕᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, _ᅖḡ ӹ⪹Ğ॒✚ᱶᇥ᧝ᨱݡ⦽

ᖙᇥʑᵡᮡᦥḢษಉࡹᨕᯩḡᦫŁᯩ݅

. _ᦿᮝಽ ᔍᱥ⠪aၰᔍ⬥⠪aaၹᅖᱢᮝಽᝅ᜽ࡹ໕ᕽᖙᇡʑᵡŝᱢᬊᯕ⇶ᱢࢁä ᮝಽ ᩩᔢࡽ݅.

᯦ჶᩢ⨆ ᇥᕾ⧎༊ ᖙᇡ⧎༊

5.

᳑ಡ᪡

ࠥၝ᮹ šĥ

᳑ಡ⪚ᮡ ᳑ಡ᮹Ḳ⧪ᨱ ݡ⦽ ࠥၝॅ᮹ ⠪a۵ ɮᱶᱢᯙa?

᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⦽⪮ᅕa ∊ᇥ⦹ᩍ ࠥၝॅᯕ ᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⧕Ԑᖅí۱ӝḡ ᦫࠥಾ ⦹ᩡ۵a?

ࠥၝॅᮡ ᳑ಡ᮹ ԕᬊᨱ ݡ⧕ ∊ᇥ⯩ ᯕ⧕⦹Ł ᯩ۵a?

᳑ಡ᮹ ᜽⧪ᨱ š⦹ᩍၝᬱᔍ⧎ᯕ ᱽʑࡽ ᱢᯕ ᯩ۵a?

᳑ಡa ✚ᱶḡᩎᯕӹ ✚ᱶĥ⊖ᨱ ᮁญ⦹í ᯲ᬊ⦹Ł, ࠺᜽ᨱ ݅ෙ

ḡᩎᯕӹ ݅ෙ ĥ⊖ᨱᇩญ⦹í ᯲ᬊ⦽ Ğᬑa ᯩ۵a?

᳑ಡᨱ ݡ⦽ }ᱶੱ۵⠱ḡ᮹ ᫵Ǎ۵ᨧᨩ۵a?

6.

᳑ಡ᮹ ⦥᫵ᖒ ᳑ಡෝ ĥᗮ ᮁḡ⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ۵a?

ⳕ . ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶ 1. ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶŝ ⠪a

ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᮡ‘ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᨱš⦽ǎၝ᮹ǭญ᪡ǎaၰḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ ᮹₦ᯥᮥᱶ⦹Łᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱶ₦᮹ᙹพ·⇵ḥŝšಉᱽࠥᨱš⦽ʑᅙᱢᯙᔍ⧎

ᮥȽᱶ⧉ᮝಽ៉ǎၝ᮹ᅖḡ᷾ḥᨱᯕၵḡ⦹۵ä’_{ᮥ༊ᱢᮝಽᱽᱶࡹᨩ݅}(_࠺ ჶ ᱽ1_᳑).

⠪a᪡šಉ⧕ᕽᵝ༊⧕ᅕᦥ᧝⧁ᱽࠥ۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ⁷⁾

᪡ᔍ⬥⠪a⁸⁾ᱽࠥᯕ݅. 2013֥ᨱⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᮥᱥ໕}ᱶ⦹໕ᕽᩍ్

ᱽࠥॅᯕၵѭᨩ݅. _{ຝᱡ࠺ჶᱽ}20᳑᮹ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭᪡࠺ჶᱽ26_᳑ᱽ2

⧎᮹

ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥa Ƚᱶࡹᨩ݅.

ᯕᱽࠥ۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥa⬉ŝᱢᯕŁℕĥᱢᯙᱶእ᪡Ḳ⧪ᮥ᭥⧕ᕽȽᱶ

ࡹᨩ݅.⁹⁾ ✚⯩ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᰆᮡᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥෝᝁᖅ⦹Ñ ӹ ᄡĞ⧁ Ğᬑ ᅕÕᅖḡᇡᰆšŝ

⩲᮹⧕᧝ ⦽݅Ł Ƚᱶ⦹Ł ᯩ݅

. _ᩍʑᕽ᮹ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ۵ ᔍ⫭ᅕ⨹, _ŖŖᇡ᳑, _{ᔍ⫭ᕽእᜅෝ}

ⅾť⦹۵ ჵ᭥ᨱ ⧕ݚ⦹ḡ

อ¹⁰⁾ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕaᯕᵲᨱᕽࠦᯱᱢᮝಽ⧁ᙹᯩ۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ۵ᔍ⫭ᕽ እᜅ௝ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

əญŁ

⩲᮹ݡᔢᯕ ࡹ۵ᔍᨦࠥ ๅᬑ Ųჵ᭥⦽݅

. _อ᧞

⩲᮹aᯕ൉ᨕḡḡ ᦫᮥ Ğᬑᨱ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭a ᳑ᱶ⦹ࠥಾ ⦹Ł ᯩ݅

.

ə్⦽᳑ᱶษᱡᯕ൉ᨕḡḡ

ᦫᮥĞᬑᨱ۵᳑ᱶđŝෝvᱽ⧁ᙹᯩ۵Ƚᱶ

7) ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᱽ26᳑(⩲᮹ၰ᳑ᱶ) ⴘᵲᦺ⧪ᱶʑš᮹ᰆŝḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᰆᮡᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽ

ࠥෝᝁᖅ⦹ÑӹᄡĞ⧁Ğᬑᝁᖅੱ۵ᄡĞ᮹┡ݚᖒ, ʑ᳕ᱽࠥ᪡᮹šĥ, ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱥݍℕĥ ᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ ၰ ᬕᩢႊᦩ॒ᨱ ݡ⦹ᩍ ݡ☖ಚಚᮝಽ ᱶ⦹۵ ၵᨱ঑௝ ᅕÕᅖḡᇡᰆšŝ

⩲᮹⦹ᩍ᧝ ⦽݅.

8) ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᱽ20᳑(ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭) ⴗᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᨱš⦽ᵝ᫵᜽₦ᮥᝍ᮹·᳑ᱶ⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍ ǎྕⅾญ ᗭᗮᮝಽ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭(ᯕ⦹"᭥ᬱ⫭"௝ ⦽݅)ෝ ࢵ݅.

ⴘ ᭥ᬱ⫭۵ ݅ᮭb ⪙᮹ ᔍ⧎ᮥ ᝍ᮹·᳑ᱶ⦽݅. 3. ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ᮹ ⠪a ၰ }ᖁ

9) ↽ᩢᵡ, ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭ ⪽ᖒ⪵ ႊᦩ, ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ, 2012, 203໕. 10) ↽ᩢᵡ, ᭥᮹ ᅕŁᕽ, 207໕.

ᮡᨧ݅. _݅อ, _↽ɝᨱ໨໨ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᪡⩲᮹aᯕ൉ᨕḡḡᦫŁᯩ۵ᔍಡ ᨱእ⇵ᨕᔍᱥ⩲᮹ԕḡ᳑ᱶᮥ⦹ḡᦫᮥĞᬑᨱ۵݅ᮭ⧕ᨱəḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ ᮹ᅖḡᔍᨦᨱᕽəᔍᨦᨱॅᨕa۵እᬊอⓝḡႊƱᇡᖙᨱᕽᔎᱽ⦹ࠥಾ⦹۵ ḡႊƱᇡᖙჶ᜽⧪ಚ}ᱶᯕᯩᨩ݅. ᯕäᮡḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᨱݡ⦽ᔍᝅᔢ᮹ᰍᱶ

☖ᱽᱽࠥa ࡽ݅.

ᯕᱽࠥ۵ᅖḡᔍᨦᮥᝅ᜽⦹۵ᮁᔍᵲᅖᱽࠥෝᱶእ⦹ᩍᱥǎᱢᮝಽℕĥ ᱢᯕŁ⬉ᮉᱢᯙᅖḡᱽࠥಽᱶእ⦹ā݅۵

༊ᱢᮥwŁᯩ݅

. _{݅อᝅᱽᨱᯩᨕ} ᕽ۵ ᮁᔍᵲᅖ᮹ ʑᵡᯕ ໦⪶⦹ḡ

ᦫᮥ Ğᬑᨱ۵ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ ᅖḡᔍᨦᨱ

ݡ⦽ᵲᦺᱶᇡ᮹☖ᱽಽʑ܆⧁a܆ᖒᯕⓍ݅.

⩲᮹đŝᨱ঑௝ᕽ۵ḡႊᯱ⊹

݉ℕᅖḡᕽእᜅෝ ၼ۵ᵝၝ᯦ᰆᨱᕽࠥ✚ᄥ⦽ݡᦩᨧᯕ޵ᯕᔢḡᬱᮥ ၼḡ

༜⦹í ࡹ۵ ᇩᯕᯖ⦽ đŝෝ Ⅹ௹⦹í ࢁ ᬑಅࠥ ᳕ᰍ⦽݅

.

2. ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᱶ₦⠪a᮹ ᯝၹᱢ Ǎᇥ

ʑᅙᱢᮝಽ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪a۵⠪a᮹ᵝℕ, _⠪a᮹ݡᔢ, _⠪a᮹

༊ᱢ

,

⠪a᮹

ႊჶ

, əญŁ ᱽࠥ⪵᪡ šಉ⦹ᩍ ₉ᯕa

᳕ᰍ⦽݅

. _{݅อ ⩥ᝅᱢᮝಽ۵}

᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪a۵ᮁᔍᖒᮥḡܩŁᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ࠺ᱥ᮹

᧲໕ŝz݅Ł

⦽݅.¹¹⁾

<_⢽-5> ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᱶ₦⠪a᮹ ₉ᯕ

᯦ჶ⠪a ᱶ₦⠪a

⠪aᵝℕ ᜽ੱ۵ ᮹⫭ ᱶᇡӹ ḡᯱℕ ᯱℕੱ۵ⅾญᝅ

⠪aݡᔢ ჶಚ ᱶ₦ ᔍᨦ ᨦྕ ᖒŝ

⠪a༊ᱢ ჶಚ}ᖁ ᱶ₦}ᖁ

⠪aႊჶ ᯦ჶ ℕĥᖒ

᯦ჶ ໦⪶ᖒ

᯦ჶ⬉ŝᖒ

ᱶ₦ᖒŝ⠪a ᔍᨦḲ⧪⠪a

ᩩᔑḲ⧪॒ ᰍᱶ ⠪a ᱽࠥ⪵ ᳦⧊ᱢᯙ ⠪aᱽࠥᨧᮭ ᱶᇡᨦྕ⠪aᱽࠥ

11) v⩥℁॒ᦿ᮹ ᅕŁᕽ, 181໕.

݅อ ᱽࠥ⪵ࡹᨕ ᯩḡ

༜⦹۵ ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡۵ ݍญ ᱽࠥ⪵ ࡹᨕ ᯩ۵ ḡᩎ᮹

᳑ಡ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪a᮹ᵝℕazᮡᇡᕽᯝᙹᯩ݅. _✚⯩ḡႊ

᮹⫭aᦥܭ᜽ᨱᕽ᯦ჶ⠪aෝᝅ᜽⧁Ğᬑᨱ۵ᱶ₦⠪a᪡⠪aᵝℕa࠺ᯝ⦹

í ࡹ۵ Ğᬑa ၽᔾ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

ੱ⦽ᦿᕽḡᱢ⦽ၵ᪡zᯕ᳑ಡ᮹ᖒĊᨱ঑௝ᕽ

ḥ⯆ᯕӹᅖḡšಉ᳑ಡ᮹

Ğᬑᨱ۵᳑ಡᨱǍℕᱢᯙᔍᨦᯕ

⡍⧉ࡽĞᬑaᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡᳑

ಡ⠪a᮹ ݡᔢࠥ ᯝᇡ ࠺ᯝ⦹í ࡽ݅.

݅อ⠪aႊჶᨱᯩᨕᕽ۵₉ᯕෝwḡอᔍᱥ⠪a᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵᮹čᙹಕᯕӹ ᱶ₦ᙹพᨱᕽ᮹ᵝၝₙᩍ॒ᯕəญŁᔍ⬥⠪a᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵ᩩᔑᯕӹḲ⧪እᬊ

॒ ᰍᱶᱢ ⠪a۵ ₉ᯕa ᨧ݅Łᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

⠪a᮹

༊ᱢੱ⦽ჶಚ}ᖁੱ۵ᱶ₦}ᖁᯕᔢ⪙ᩑšᖒᮥw۵݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ

ḡႊᨱᕽ᮹ ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᱶ₦⠪a۵ ᮁᔍᖒᮥ ๅᬑ

׳í wí ࡽ݅

.

3. ᔍᱥ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ

ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥᔢ᮹ᖙᇡʑᵡᮥᅕ໕ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ۵

᳑ಡᨱݡ⦽⠪a۵ᦥܩ௝Ƚᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅. ݅อ↽ɝḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᅖḡᔍᨦ

ᮡ᳑ಡᨱɝÑෝࢱŁᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽđǎ

᧲ᱽࠥ۵Ƚჵ⠪aᯙ࠺᜽ᨱᱶ₦⠪

aaࡽ݅.

ᷪ

, ᅖḡ᳑ಡ᮹Ƚᱶᯕᔩಽᬕᔍᨦᮥᩩᱶ⦹Łᯩ۵Ğᬑ(_aಚ

ℎ֥

ᙹݚ) ᔍᝅᔢ ᳑ಡ⠪aa ࡽ݅.

ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ᮹

ᖙᇡʑᵡᮡᔍᝅᔢᔍᱥ᳑ಡ⠪aᨱᕽᔢ᭥ჶ᭥ၹᩍᇡ᮹ʑ ᵡŝ ࠺ᯝ⦽ ⠪aʑᵡᮝಽᕽ ᱢᬊࡽ݅

. _{đǎ ᯕ్⦽}

⊂໕ᨱᕽ ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ ၰ

ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ۵ ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ ᅖḡᔍᨦᨱ š⧕ᕽ ᨕॵʭ ḡ eᖎ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ۵ḡᨱ ݡ⦽ ḡႊᯱ⊹᮹

ᅙḩᱢᯙ ྙᱽ᪡ࠥ ᯕᨕḥ݅

.

ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ෝ

ၼᦥ᧝⦹۵Ğᬑ۵ݡᔢᯱᖁᱶ

, _{ḡᬱԕᬊᄡĞ}, _{ݕݚʑš᮹ᄡ} Ğ, Ŗɪႊ᜾ၰŖɪᯱᖁᱶႊ᜾᮹ᄡĞ, _ᰍᬱ᳑ݍ

ႊ᜾᮹ᄡĞ

, _{ǎŁᅕ᳑ᮉ} ᄡĞ॒ᨱ⧕ݚࡹʑভྙᨱḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕಽᕽ۵ᅖḡᔍᨦᨱݡ⦽}⠙ᮥ⦹ʑ

᭥⧕ᕽ۵ ၹऽ᜽ ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ᪡

⩲᮹ෝ ⧁ ᙹ ၷᨱ ᨧí ࡽ݅

.

ੱ⦽ᯕ్⦽⩲᮹ᨱᯩᨕᕽ᳑ᱶᨦྕෝโŁᯩ۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭۵ǎྕⅾ ญa᭥ᬱᰆᯕࡹŁʑ⫮ᰍᱶᇡᰆš, ƱᮂᇡᰆšၰᅕÕᅖḡᇡᰆšᯕᇡ᭥ᬱᰆ ᯕࡹᨕ⧪ᱶᯱ⊹ᇡᰆš, _{Łᬊי࠺ᇡᰆš}, _{ᩍᖒa᳒ᇡᰆš}, _{ǎ☁Ʊ☖ᇡᰆš}, _ჶ

ྕᇡᰆš, _{ྙ⪵ℕᮂšŲᇡᰆš},

׮ฝ⇶ᔑ᜾⣩ᇡᰆš

,

ᔑᨦ☖ᔢᯱᬱᇡᰆš

, _⪹Ğ ᇡᰆš, ǎྕ᳑ᱶᝅᰆၰǎaᅕ⬩⃹ᰆ॒ᮥ⡍⧉⦽30_{໦ᮝಽǍᖒࡽ݅۵ᱱᨱ} ᕽḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕaჶಚᔢᮝಽ۵዁Კᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽᵲᦺᱶᇡᨱ⊹ᬑ⊽Ǎᖒᮝ ಽᅝᙹᯩ݅.¹²⁾ ঑௝ᕽᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ᩎ⧁ᨱእ⇵ᨕ

ᅙ݅໕ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ

᮹ ᰆ ᵲ ᯝᇡa ݚᩑḢᮝಽ

⡍⧉ࢁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ݅

.

2014֥Ⅹʑᨱ۵⠪a᮹ႊ᜾ᮝಽᱱᙹᱽaᩩ᜽¹³⁾ࡹᨕᯩᨩḡอ⩥ᰍᨱ۵

⠪aႊ᜾ၰᱱᙹᱽᨱ᮹⦽ᩩ᜽۵ᬕᬊḡ⋉ᨱᕽᔎᱽࡹᨩ݅.¹⁴⁾ _{⠪aʑᵡᮡᅕ}

݅

ᖙၡ⦹íᄡ⪵⦹Łᯩ݅

. _{݅อᯕ్⦽}

ᖙၡ⦽ʑᵡᮡᩎᖅᱢᮝಽḡႊᯱ⊹݉

ℕ᮹ ᯱᮉᖒᮡ

ᵥᯝ ᙹ ᯩ݅۵ ᬑಅa ᳕ᰍ⦽݅

.

ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ᅖḡᔍᨦᯕၹऽ᜽ḡᩎྙᱽಽ⦽ᱶࡹᨕ᧝⦹۵ᯕᮁaᯩ۵ ḡ, ʑ┡ᇡᇥᨱᯩ۵✚ᙹ≉᧞ĥ⊖᮹ᅖḡᙹ᫵۵ḡᩎྙᱽaᦥܩ௝ᱥǎᱢᯙ

ྙᱽ௝۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ⠪aʑᵡ ᔢ᮹ ༉ᙽᮡ ᨧ۵ḡ ᮹ྙᯕ݅.

⠪a᮹ᱥྙᖒŝ⚍໦ᖒᮥ

⪶ᅕ⦽݅۵⊂໕ᨱᕽ⠪a᭥ᬱᨱᱥྙaၰၝe

᭥ᬱ᮹ ₙᩍෝ

⪶ݡ᜽┅Ł ⠪ađŝෝ Ŗ}⦹ࠥಾ ᱽࠥ⪵⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ݅

.¹⁵⁾

12) ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᱽᱽ21᳑(᭥ᬱ⫭᮹Ǎᖒ॒) ⴗ᭥ᬱ⫭۵᭥ᬱᰆ1໦, ᇡ᭥ᬱᰆ3໦ŝ⧪ᱶᯱ⊹

ᇡᰆš, Łᬊי࠺ᇡᰆš, ᩍᖒa᳒ᇡᰆš, ǎ☁Ʊ☖ᇡᰆšᮥ⡍⧉⦽30໦ᯕԕ᮹᭥ᬱᮝಽǍᖒ

⦽݅.  <}ᱶ2013.3.23., 2014.11.19.>

ⴘ ᭥ᬱᰆᮡ ǎྕⅾญa ࡹŁ ᇡ᭥ᬱᰆᮡ ʑ⫮ᰍᱶᇡᰆš, Ʊᮂᇡᰆš ၰ ᅕÕᅖḡᇡᰆšᯕ

ࡽ݅.  <}ᱶ2014.11.19.>

ⴙ ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ ᭥ᬱᮡ ݅ᮭb ⪙᮹ ᨕ۱ ⦹ӹᨱ ⧕ݚ⦹۵ ᔍ௭ᮝಽ ⦽݅.

1. ݡ☖ಚಚᮝಽ ᱶ⦹۵ šĥ ᵲᦺ⧪ᱶʑš᮹ ᰆ

2. ݅ᮭb༊᮹ ᔍ௭ ᵲᨱᕽ ݡ☖ಚᯕ ᭥Ⅺ⦹۵ ᔍ௭

a. ɝಽᯱෝ ݡ⢽⦹۵ ᔍ௭

ӹ. ᔍᬊᯱෝ ݡ⢽⦹۵ ᔍ௭

݅. ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᨱ š⦽ ⦺᜾ŝ Ğ⨹ᯕ⣮ᇡ⦽ ᔍ௭

௝. ᄡ⪙ᔍ ᯱĊᯕ ᯩ۵ ᔍ௭

13) 2015֥ࠥ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥᝁᖅ?ᄡĞ ⩲᮹ ᬕᬊḡ⋉, ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ, 2014, 14໕.

14) 2016֥ࠥ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᝁᖅᄡĞ ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ ᬕᬊḡ⋉, ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ, 2016. ₙ᳑.

15) 94໕.

<_⢽-6> ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ ᝁᖅ ᄡĞ

⩲᮹ʑᵡ

¹⁶⁾

ჶᱶ ʑᵡ ᵝ᫵á☁⧎༊

1. ᔍᨦ᮹┡ݚᖒ

① ᔍᨦ⇵ḥɝÑ᮹ ໦⪶ᖒ(⇵ḥɝÑ)

② ḡᩎྙᱽ᮹ ᜽ɪᖒ, ḡᩎԕ ᬑᖁᙽ᭥, ḡᩎ✚ᙹᖒ

③ ᔍᨦ≉ḡ᪡ ᔍᨦԕᬊ e ᩑĥᖒ

④ ŖŖᰍᬱ⚍᯦᮹ ⦥᫵ᖒ

2. ʑ᳕ ᱽࠥ᪡᮹ šĥ(ᮁᔍ?ᵲᅖᖒ॒á☁)

⑤ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ ᵲᰆʑ ၽᱥᱥఖŝ᮹ ᇡ⧊ᩍᇡ

⑥ ḡᬱݡᔢᯱᨱ ݡ⦽ ᮁᔍɪᩍ?ᕽእᜅ ᩍᇡ

⑦ ᔍᨦ᜽⧪ᨱ঑ෙ ᵲᅖ, ٥௞(⧕ᗭ), ⠙ᵲ(⧕ᗭ) ⬉ŝ

⑧ ᱶᇡ᪡ ḡᯱℕ ᔍᨦe ᩑĥෝ ☖⦽ ᅕ∊ᖒ ⪶ᅕ

3. ᱥݍℕĥᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ ⑨ ᱥݍℕĥ᮹ ŝᇡ⦹/ᇥᱩᖒ ᝍ⪵ᨱ঑ෙ እ⬉ᮉ ᩍᇡ

⑩ ᙹ⩽ᯱᱲɝᖒ(⠙᮹ᖒ), ɪᩍ ᱽŖ᮹ ᱢ᜽ᖒ

⑪ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱶᅕ᜽ᜅ▽ ⪽ᬊ

4. ᰍᱶ॒ᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ ⑫ ᰍᬱ᳑ݍ ĥ⫮ ၰ ᰍᱶ᮹ ḡᗮa܆ᖒ(ᱢᱶᖒ)

⑬ ᰍᱶḲ⧪᮹⬉ᮉᖒ

5. ʑ┡ ⑭ ✚ᙹ≉᧞ĥ⊖᮹ ᅖḡᙹ᫵ၹᩢ

⑮ ᱽࠥ ᜽⧪ ᩩᱶ ᜽ʑ᮹ ᱢᱩᖒ

4. ᔍ⬥᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪a

ᔍ⬥᯦ჶ⠪a۵ᦿᕽ

ᅙၵ᪡zᯕ᳑ಡ᮹༊ᱢᯕ ݍᖒࡹᨩ۵ḡෝ ⪶ᯙ⦹۵

ŝᱶᯙ࠺᜽ᨱ᳑ಡ᮹

᳕⊹ᩍᇡෝᩍ్ႊჶᮝಽᇥᕾ⦹۵ŝᱶᯕ݅

. _✚⯩ᰍᱶ ᱢ

⊂໕ᨱᕽ۵᳑ಡ᮹እᬊŝᰍᱶᱢᇡݕᨱš⦽ᇥᕾᯕ⡍⧉ࡹᨕᯩ݅

. _݅อ

᳑ಡ᮹

᳕⊹ᩍᇡෝᨕਅĞᱽᱢʑᵡᨱ᮹⧕ᕽ

ᅝᙹᯩᮥḡᨱš⦽Ǎℕᱢᯙ ʑᵡᮡ

᳕ᰍ⦹ḡ ᦫ۵݅

.

aಚ

ℎ֥႑ݚᯕӹ ℎ֥ᙹݚᮥḡɪ⧁Ğᬑᨱ۵⨆⬥ ℎ֥ᙹݚ॒᮹ɝÑa

ࡹ۵ ᳑ಡෝ ⠪a⧁ Ğᬑᨱ ᯕ

ℎ֥ᙹݚᯕ ʑᅙᗭाᯙḡ ᦥܩ໕ ǍḢ ⪽࠺ᮥ

ḡᬱ⦹ʑ᭥⦽

ႊᦩᯙḡ᳑ಡ᮹ ༊ᱢᇡ░ ݍญ⦹໑

, _{ə⠪a᮹ʑᵡࠥ}

ݍ௝ḩ

äᯕ݅. əญŁᙹݚḡɪᯕ⬥ℎ֥᮹ᨕਅ⪽࠺ᯕӹᔢ┽aŝᩑᅖḡ᳑ಡ᮹

༊ᱢ ݍᖒᨱ ⬉ŝᱢᯕᨩ۵ḡෝ ❱݉⦹ʑࠥ ᛞḡ ᦫ݅

. _ੱ⦽

ℎ֥ᙹݚᨱ ݡ⦽

ᵝၝॅ᮹ᯙ᜾ᯕӹ

ᙽ᮲ࠥෝ⠪a᮹ʑᵡᮝಽᔝ۵݅໕ݚᔍᯱᯕ᫙ᨱᱽ

3_ᯱෝ

ᱶ₦ᯕӹ᳑ಡᨱݡ⦽⠪aʑᵡᮝಽᔝ۵äᯕŝᩑ⧊ญᱢᯙḡࠥ᮹ྙᯕ௝⧁

16) ᭥᮹ ᬕᬊḡ⋉12໕.

ᙹ ᯩ݅.

ə౑ၹ໕ᨱᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ⠪a۵

ᱡ⇽ᔑŝᯙǍŁಚ⪵௝۵ᯕᵲŁ

(_「䀐㴙)_ᨱ

Ḣ໕⦽ᬑญӹ௝᮹ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥᨱš⦹ᩍǎၝ᮹ᅖḡ᫵Ǎෝ↽ݡ⦽ ∊᳒᜽┅

໕ᕽ ḡᗮa܆⦽ a܆⦽ ᱽࠥᖅĥa a܆⦹ࠥಾ ⦹ʑ ᭥⦹ᩍ ษಉࡹᨩ݅

.¹⁷⁾ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ۵ᝅḩᱢᯙᱶ₦༊⢽ݍᖒᮥ᭥⦽đŝෝԝᙹᯩ۵‘_ᱶ₦⠪a’

ෝḡ⨆⦹۵࠺᜽ᨱⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹‘

᳦⧊ᱢ⠪a

’_᪡‘_{ᙹ᫵ᯱᵲᝍ᮹⠪}

a’ _əญŁ‘ᱶ₦ᰍᖅĥෝḡᬱ⦹۵⠪a’_{᮹༉᜖ᮥw⇵۵}

ႊ⨆ᮝಽ⇵ḥ⦹Ł

ᯩ݅.¹⁸⁾

ə్ӹᦥḢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪a۵ᝅ᜽ࡽၵaᨧ݅. ੱ⦽ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪aෝ⠪a᮹

ᯱഭ᪡

ႊჶು ੱ⦽ ᇡᰍ⦽ ᔢ⫊ᯕ௝ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅

.¹⁹⁾ _{݅อ ᦿᕽ}

ᅙ ၵ᪡ zᯕ

ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭᮹ᵝ᫵ᝍ᮹ᔍ⧎ᮝಽᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪aෝȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ

⠪aݡᔢŝ ⠪aʑᵡ ၰ ⠪aḡ⢽ᨱ ݡ⦽ ᩑǍa

ḥ⧪ ᵲᨱ ᯩ݅

.

<_⢽-7> ᔍ⫭᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪a᮹ ₉ᯕ

 ᔍ⬥ ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪a

ᵝℕ ᜽ੱ۵ ᮹⫭

ḡᯱℕ ᯱℕ ⠪a ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭

ᵲᦺᱶᇡᨱ ᮹⦽ ᫙ᇡ⠪a

⠪aʑᵡ Ƚჵ⠪a+ ᝅ⬉ᖒ ⠪a ᝅ⬉ᖒ ⠪a+ (ᔍᝅᔢ Ƚჵ⠪a)

⠪ađŝ ᳑ಡ᮹ }ᖁ ᱶ₦᮹ }ᖁ+ (ᔍᝅᔢ ᳑ಡ }⠱)

5. ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶ ⠪a᪡᮹ šĥ

⨆⬥᯦ჶ⠪aᱽࠥ᪡ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹⠪a༉ࢱᦿᮝಽᝅ᜽ࢁᩩᱶ ᨱ ᯩ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ࢱ ᱽࠥᔍᯕ᮹ šĥ۵ ᄡ⪵⧁ a܆ᖒᯕ ᯩ݅.

ࢱᱽࠥᔍᯕ᮹݅ෙᱱᮡʑᅙᱢᮝಽ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹ԕᇡ

⠪aಽᕽʑ܆ᮥ⦹۵ၹ໕, ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹⠪a۵ ᵲᦺᱶᇡᨱ᮹⦽

17) ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭⪩⟹ᯕḡᨱᕽ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ ⠪aᨱ ݡ⦽ ᗭ} ᵲᨱᕽ ᯙᬊ (http://www.ssc.go.kr/menu/busi/busi040500.tiles).

18) ᭥᮹⪩⟹ᯕḡ ࠺ᯝ⦽ ᗭ} ₙŁ.

19) vᝁᬒ᫙4ᯙ, ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱶ₦⠪a᮹ ႊ⨆ŝ ŝᱽ, ⦽ǎᅕÕᔍ⫭ᩑǍᬱ, 2015, 4໕.

᫙ᇡ⠪aಽᕽ᮹ ʑ܆⦽݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ࢱ ᱽࠥ۵ Ǎᄥࡽ݅.

ə౨ḡอ ᯦ჶ⠪aᨱᕽ ᔍ⫭ŝ⦺ᱢ

ႊჶᮥ࠺ᬱ⦽ ᔍᨦᖒŝ⠪aෝ ᝅ᜽⧁

Ğᬑᨱ۵ ᔍᝅᔢ ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ ᱶ₦⠪aᨱ ݡ⦽ ᩩእ⠪aಽᕽ ၽᱥ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

ᷪ

, _{ᔍᱥ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a۵}ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹ ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥෝ ☖ŝ⦹ʑ

᭥⦽

ᵡእ᯲ᨦᱢᖒĊᮥw۵݅

. ᳑ಡᱽᱶ᜽᮹čᙹಕᱩ₉ӹᩩእ┡ݚᖒ᳑ᔍ

॒ᮡ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹ᵲ᫵⦽

⧎༊ᵲ⦹ӹᯕ໑

, ᯕ۵ၵಽᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥᨱᕽࠥ

ᵲ᫵⦽á☁⧎༊ᯕࡽ݅. ᅖḡ᳑ಡšಉᔍᨦᮥᄡĞ⦹ಅ۵ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ᮹᯦

ᰆᨱᕽ۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᔢ᮹ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥෝ☖ŝ⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍᔍᱥ᯦ჶ⠪a

ෝ

℁ᱡ⦹í ᜽⧪⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ݅

.

⧕ݚ᳑ಡ᪡šಉࡽჶශᯕᯩ۵ḡᯩ݅໕ᵲᅖၰ᭥ၹᩍᇡᨱݡ⦽❱݉ᮥ

⧁ʑᵡᮥ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ⷢᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶⷣᔢ᮹ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥ۵Ŗᮁ⧁⦥

᫵a ᯩ݅. _ə౨ḡ

ᦫᮥ Ğᬑᨱ۵ ࢱ ⠪aᨱᕽ᮹ ݅ෙ đŝෝ Ⅹ௹⦹í ࡹᨕ

᳑ಡ᪡ ᯦ჶ ᔍᯕ᮹

i॒ᮥ ᝍ⪵᜽┍ a܆ᖒᯕ ᳕ᰍ⦹ʑ ভྙᯕ݅

.

əญŁᔍ⬥᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a۵⨆⬥᳑ಡ}ᱶᯕӹ

⠱ḡ॒ᮥ᭥⦽Ƚჵ⠪aᯕ

ḡอ, _{ᔍᝅᔢ᳑ಡ᮹}

᳕⊹ᩍᇡෝđᱶ⧁ᔍᨦᝅᱢ⠪aෝ⧉̹ᝅ᜽⧁Ğᬑᨱ۵

ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱶ₦⠪a᪡ᮁᔍ⦹íࢁäᯕ݅.

ᷪ

, ᳑ಡ᯦ჶᨱݡ⦽ᔍ⬥⠪aᨱᕽᔍ

⫭ŝ⦺ᱢ

ႊჶॅᮥฯᯕᔍᬊ⧁ᙹಾ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪a᮹ႊჶŝԕᬊᮡ

޵ᬒᮁᔍ⧕ḩäᯕ݅. _݅อ, ࢱᱽࠥෝᮁʑᱢᮝಽǍᖒ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ۵⠪a⧎༊

ၰ⠪aʑᵡᮥŖᮁ⧕ᕽᔍ⬥ᱢ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪aaᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ⠪aෝ᭥⦽⠪aᯱഭ ၰ ⠪aᖒŝ

ᵡእಽᕽ ʑ܆ᮥ ⦹ࠥಾ Ǎᖒ⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ݅

.

Ⳗ . ษ⊹໑

᯦ჶ⠪aᱽࠥ۵ᔍ⫭ŝ⦺ᱢ

ႊჶುᮥ࠺ᬱ⦹ᩍᱱᱱᱶ₦⠪aಽᕽ᮹ᖒĊᮥ

w۵äᮝಽၽᱥ⦹Łᯩ݅

. ✚⯩ᅖḡჶᱽ᪡ḥ⯆ჶᱽ۵ჶᯱℕaᱶ₦ၰᔍᨦ

ॅᮥȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽჶᨱݡ⦽⠪aa

ᙽᙹ⯩Ƚჵᱢᮝಽอᯕ൉ᨕḩ

ᙹ۵ ᨧ݅۵ Ƚჵᱢ ⦽ĥෝ ԕ⡍⦹í ࡹᨩ݅.

əญŁᱶ₦⠪aੱ⦽đǎᱽࠥ}ᖁᮥ

༊ᱢᮝಽ⧁Ğᬑᨱ۵⠪a᮹đŝa

ჶශ᮹

⠱ḡӹ}ᱶᮝಽᯕᨕḩᙹᯩ݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ๆ௞ᮥzᯕ⦽݅

Łᅝ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

݅อə్⦽šĥᨱࠥᇩǍ⦹ŁȽჵᱢ⠪a᪡ᱶ₦⠪aᔍᯕ᮹ǍᄥᯕᦥḢ

ࠥᮁ⬉⦹݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ

᧲⠪aᱽࠥෝᮁḡ⦹۵࠺᜽ᨱࢱ⠪aᱽࠥᔍᯕ᮹ᮁʑ

ᱢ Ǎᖒႊᦩᨱ ݡ⦽

ᖙၡ⦽ ᩑǍa ⦥᫵⦹݅

.

ₙŁྙ⨭

vᝁᬒ ᫙4_ᯙ, _{ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱶ₦⠪a᮹}

ႊ⨆ŝ ŝᱽ

, _{⦽ǎᅕÕᔍ⫭ᩑǍᬱ}, 2015.

v⩥℁ ᫙2_ᯙ, ᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ ᱶ₦⠪a᮹ እƱŁₑ ၰ šĥᖅᱶᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ,

⦽ǎჶᱽᩑǍᬱ, 2012.

ᬱ᳦ᬒ᫙2_ᯙ, ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᯕ⧪ᮥ᭥⦽ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ

⩲᮹?᳑ᱶၰ⠪aʑᵡ

ᩑǍ, 2013.

↽ᩢᵡ, ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ᭥ᬱ⫭ ⪽ᖒ⪵

ႊᦩ

, _{ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ}, 2012.

2015֥ࠥ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆᱽࠥ ᝁᖅ?ᄡĞ

⩲᮹ ᬕᬊḡ⋉

, _{ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ}, 2014 2016֥ࠥ ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆ ᝁᖅᄡĞ

⩲᮹ᱽࠥ ᬕᬊḡ⋉

, _{ᅕÕᅖḡᇡ}, 2016.

ǎྙⅩಾ

᯦ჶ⠪a۵᯦ჶ᮹

༊ᱢᯕӹ⬉ŝᨱݡ⦽⠪aෝ᮹ၙ⦹۵ߑ

, _{↽ɝᩍ᯦్ჶ}

ॅᮡ᯦ჶᯱℕᨱᱶᇡᱶ₦ŝᔍᨦᮥȽᱶ⦹Łᯩᨕᕽᱶᇡ⠪aᱽࠥ᪡᯦ჶ⠪a ᮹ Ǎᄥᯕ ᨕಖ݅.

ᅖḡ᳑ಡ᮹Ğᬑᨱ۵✚⯩ᔍ௭ᨱݡ⦽⚍ᯱ௝۵ᱱᨱᕽ⠪a༊⢽᪡⠪aႊ

ჶ, እᬊᇥᕾ ॒ᮥ ⠪a⦹ʑ

⯹ॅ݅۵ ᱱᨱᕽ ⠪a ᯱℕa ๅᬑ ᨕಖ݅

. ᅖḡ᳑ಡᨱݡ⦽᯦ჶ⠪a᪡ᅖḡᔍᨦᨱݡ⦽ᱶ₦⠪a۵Ǎᄥࡹḡอᝅᱽᨱ

ᯩᨕᕽ ᮁʑᱢ šĥෝ Ǎᖒ⧁ ⦥᫵a ᯩ݅.

ᔍᱥ᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪a۵ᔍ⫭ᅕᰆʑᅙჶᔢ᮹ᔍᱥ⩲᮹ᱽࠥෝ☖ŝ⦹ʑ᭥⦽

ᵡ

እ᯲ᨦᱢᖒĊᮥw۵݅.

ᷪ

, ḡᩎᔍ⫭ᅖḡ᳑ಡ᮹⦥᫵ᖒᯕӹᔢ᭥ჶŝ᮹šĥ ᨱš⦹ᩍᔍᱥ᯦ჶ⠪aෝ᜽⧪⧁⦥᫵aᯩ݅. ࠺᜽ᨱᔍ⬥᯦ჶ⠪aෝ☖⧕ᕽ ᔍ⬥ᨱ ݡ⦽ ᵝʑᱢᯙ á☁ෝ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩍ᧝ ⦽݅.

ᷪ

, ḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕ۵ᅖḡ᳑ಡᨱݡ⦽᯦ჶ⠪aෝ☖⧕ᕽᔍ⫭ᅕᰆჶᔢ᮹⠪

aᱽࠥॅᮥ

ᵡእ⦹۵ŝᱶᮥÑ⊽݅۵ᱱᨱᕽ᯦ჶ⠪a᮹⦥᫵ᖒᯕᯩᮝ໑

, _ᔍ

⫭ᅕᰆჶᔢ᮹⠪a۵᳑ಡ᯦ჶ⠪aᯱഭॅᮥ⠪aᨱᮁᬊ⦹íᔍᬊ⧁ᙹᯩ݅۵ ᱱᯕ ᰆᱱᯕ௝ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

주제어

입법평가, 정책평가, 복지조례, 사회보장법

Abstract

A Study on the legislative Assessment on Welfare Ordinance

Choi, You*²⁰⁾

As an evaluation system, legislative Assessment and policy evaluation are distinguished. In Welfare-related Ordinances, the roles of the two are approaching each other. The Welfare Ordinance is difficult to evaluate in terms of investment in people. In particular, the Welfare Ordinance is unfavorable to nationalize goals, evaluation timing, evaluation methods, and evaluation indicators.

The pre-legislative assessment has the character of a reserve system on Consultation System of Social Security Act. In addition, the post-legislative assessment has similar characteristics to the social security evaluation system.

In conclusion, it is necessary to organically consist of the role between the legislative assessment and the social security evaluation on welfare ordinances.

* Researcher, Ph. D. in Korea Legislation Research Institute Research Fellow Key Words

Legislative Assessment, Policy evaluation, Welfare Ordinance, Social Security Act