일본 교토부립식물원의 열대 및 아열대 약용식물 조사 연구

(1)

Abstract

I investigated the tropical and subtropical plants in the greenhouse of Kyoto Botanical Garden by family name. 356 species in 76 family of plants were investigated by taking photos. Among them, the most dominant family name is Bromeliaceae with 34 species. Other plants are like Cactaceae with 26 species, Araceae 23 species, Leguminosae 22 species, Acanthaceae 20 species. And there are others as well in the following order; Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Apocynaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae.

서론

교토부립식물원 ( 京都府立植物園 ) 은 일본 교토 시내에 있는 일본 최초의 공립 식물원으로 1924 년에 개원했다 . 24 헥타르의 면적을 가진 식물원에는 약 12,000 종류 약 , 12 만 그루의 식물이 심어져 있다 .

¹⁾

그중 온실에는 열대 및 아열대 약용식물이 재배되고 있다 저자는 월 . 2 16 일부터 월 2 17 일까지 그리고

월 일부터 월 일까지 두 차례 교토부립식물원을 방문했다 온실에서 사진 촬영이 가능한 거의

5 12 5 13 .

모든 열대 및 아열대 약용식물을 직접 사진 촬영한 후 76 개 과 , 356 종의 식물을 알파벳 순으로 정리하 였다 촬영한 약용식물 사진은 저자의 연구실에 보관 중이다 . .

일본 교토부립식물원의 열대 및 아열대 약용식물 조사 연구

박종철

^*

국립순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 한약자원개발학과

Research Study on the Tropical and Subtropical Medicinal Plants of Kyoto Botanical Garden in Japan

Park, Jong Cheol

^*

Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Research Institute of Korean Oriental Medicine, Sunchon Nat. Univ., 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922 Republic of Korea

*Correspondence: 박종철(Park, Jong Cheol. E-mail: flavonoid@empas.com)

· Received 2017-08-30, revised 2017-09-26, accepted 2017-09-27, online-published 2017-10-20.

Keywords: tropical plant, subtropical plant, Kyoto Botanical Garden, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Araceae, Leguminosae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Apocynaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae

(2)

본론

교토부립식물원의 기본 정보는 표 과 같다 식물원 온실에서 사진 촬영으로 조사한 열대 및 아열대 1 . 약용식물의 목록은 표 에서 기술했다 2 . 76 종류의 과명은 알파벳 순으로 정리하였으며 그에 해당하는 식물 학명 356 종도 알파벳 순으로 기재했다 이들 식물은 각 식물원에 표기된 팻말의 학명을 기본으로 . 하고 다시 the Plant List

²⁾

, the International Plant Names Index

³⁾

, 국가생물종지식정보

⁴⁾

를 통해 이들 학명을 확인했다.

Table 1. Information on Kyoto Botanical Garden

Table 2. List of 356 medicinal plant in the greenhouse of Kyoto Botanical Garden by family name Location Shimogamohangicho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture 606-0823 Japan

Area 24 ha Created 1924

Tel 075-701-0141

Website www.pref.kyoto.jp/plant/

Family name Scientific name Synonym written on the name

tag in the botanical garden Acanthaceae

Barleria prionitis

L.

Crossandra infundibuliformis

(L.) Nees

Ecbolium ligustrinum

(Vahl) Vollesen

Eranthemum pulchellum

Andrews

Fittonia albivenis

(Lindl. ex Veitch) Brummitt

Hemigraphis alternata

(Burm.f.) T.Anderson

Ruellia colorata

Blume

Hemigraphis repanda

(L.) Hallier f.

Justicia carnea

Lindl.

Justicia pectoralis

Jacq.

Justicia spicigera

Schltdl.

Megaskepasma erythrochlamys

Lindau

Pachystachys coccinea

(Aubl.) Nees

Ruellia barbillana

Cufod.

Ruellia graecizans

Backer

Ruellia humilis

Nutt.

Ruellia macrophylla

Vahl

Ruellia macrophylla

var.

lutea

Leonard

Ruellia makoyana

Closon

Strobilanthes maculata

Nees

Thunbergia erecta

(Benth.) T.Anderson

Thunbergia kirkii

Hook.f.

Thunbergia vogeliana

Benth.

Amaryllidaceae

Crinum asiaticum

L.

Crinum zanthophyllum

Hannibal

(3)

Eithea blumenavia

(K.Koch & C.D.Bouché ex Carrière) Ravenna

Griffinia espiritensis

Ravenna

Anacardiaceae

Semecarpus verniciferus

Hayata & Kawak.

Annonaceae

Annona muricata

L.

Annona purpurea

Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal

Artabotrys hexapetalus

(L.f.) Bhandari

Cananga odorata

(Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson

Cananga odorata

var.

fruticosa

(Craib) J.Sinclair Apocynaceae

Adenium obesum

(Forssk.) Roem. & Schult.

Allamanda oenotherifolia

Pohl

Kopsia flavida

Blume

Kopsia fruticosa

(Roxb.) A.DC.

Pachypodium geayi

Costantin & Bois

Pachypodium lamerei

Drake

Plumeria obtusa

var.

sericifolia

(C.Wright ex Griseb.) Woodson

Plumeria rubra

L.

Strophanthus gratus

(Wall. & Hook.) Baill.

Strophanthus kombe

Oliv.

Tabernaemontana divaricata

(L.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult.

Telosma cordata

(Burm.f.) Merr.

Thevetia peruviana

(Pers.) K.Schum.

Wrightia religiosa

(Teijsm. & Binn.) Benth. ex Kurz Araceae

Aglaonema brevispathum

f.

hospitum

(F.N.Williams)

Nicolson

Aglaonema commutatum

Schott

Aglaonema commutatum

var.

commutatum Aglaonema commutatum

var.

warburgii

(Engl.) Nicolson

Aglaonema crispum

(Pitcher & Manda) Nicolson

Aglaonema simplex

(Blume) Blume

Amorphophallus titanum

(Becc.) Becc.

Anthurium amnicola

Dressler

Anthurium bonplandii

G.S.Bunting

Anthurium crystallinum

Linden & André

Anthurium cubense

Engl.

Anthurium daguense

Engl.

Anthurium durandii

Engl.

Anthurium littorale

Engl.

Anthurium longifolium

(Hoffm.) G.Don

Anthurium pentaphyllum

(Aubl.) G.Don

Anthurium undatum

Schott ex Kunth

Anthurium regale

Linden

(4)

Anthurium salvinii

Hemsl.

Anthurium spectabile

Schott

Anthurium veitchii

Mast.

Anthurium warocqueanum

T.Moore

Homalomena schlechteri

Engl.

Philodendron goeldii

G.M.Barroso

Philodendron linnaei

Kunth

Typhonodorum lindleyanum

Schott Araliaceae

Osmoxylon lineare

(Merr.) Philipson Araucariaceae

Agathis dammara

(Lamb.) Rich. & A.Rich.

Arecaceae

Aiphanes horrida

(Jacq.) Burret

Aiphanes caryotifolia

(Kunth) H.Wendl.

Arenga pinnata

(Wurmb) Merr.

Cyrtostachys renda

Blume

Cyrtostachys lakka

Becc.

Dypsis madagascariensis

(Becc.) Beentje & J.Dransf.

Hyophorbe lagenicaulis

(L.H.Bailey) H.E.Moore

Mascarena lagenicaulis

L.H.Bailey

Livistona mariae

F.Muell.

Metroxylon warburgii

(Heimerl) Becc.

Nypa fruticans

Wurmb

Phoenix dactylifera

L.

Aristolochiaceae

Aristolochia arborea

Linden

Aristolochia salvadorensis

Standl.

Aristolochia peruviana

O.C.Schmidt

Aristolochia tricaudata

Lem.

Asparagaceae

Agave victoriae-reginae

T.Moore

Beaucarnea recurvata

Lem.

Dasylirion glaucophyllum

Hook.

Aspleniaceae

Asplenium nidus

L.

Balsaminaceae

Impatiens arguta

Hook.f. & Thomson

Impatiens congolensis

G.M.Schulze & R.Wilczek

Impatiens grandis

B.Heyne

Impatiens henslowiana

Arn.

Impatiens marianae

Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.

Impatiens repens

Moon ex Wight Bignoniaceae

Crescentia cujete

L.

Kigelia africana

(Lam.) Benth.

Kigelia pinnata

(Jacq.) DC.

Parmentiera aculeata

(Kunth) Seem.

Parmentiera cereifera

Seem.

Pyrostegia venusta

(Ker Gawl.) Miers

Rhigozum madagascariense

Drake

Spathodea campanulata

P.Beauv.

(5)

Tabebuia rosea

(Bertol.) Bertero ex A.DC.

Tecomanthe dendrophila

(Blume) K.Schum.

Tecomanthe venusta

S.Moore Blechnaceae

Blechnum gibbum

Mett.

Brassicaceae

Raphanus raphanistrum

L.

Bromeliaceae

Aechmea blumenavii

Reitz

Aechmea calyculata

(E.Morren) Baker

Aechmea cylindrata

Lindm.

Aechmea drakeana

André

Aechmea fasciata

(Lindl.) Baker

Aechmea filicaulis

(Griseb.) Mez

Aechmea gracilis

Lindm.

Aechmea orlandiana

L.B.Sm.

Aechmea pectinata

Baker

Aechmea victoriana

L.B.Sm.

Ananas ananassoides

(Baker) L.B.Sm.

Ananas nanus

(L.B.Sm.) L.B.Sm.

Ananas comosus

(L.) Merr.

Guzmania monostachia

(L.) Rusby ex Mez

Guzmania osyana

(E.Morren) Mez

Guzmania recurvobracteata

Rauh

Guzmania rhonhofiana

Harms

Guzmania sanguinea

var.

brevipedicellata

Gilmartin

Guzmania scherzeriana

Mez

Guzmania subcorymbosa

L.B.Sm.

Guzmania wittmackii

(André) André ex Mez

Hechtia guatemalensis

Mez

Neoregelia carolinae

(Beer) L.B.Sm.

Neoregelia concentrica

(Vell.) L.B.Sm.

Neoregelia cruenta

(Graham) L.B.Sm.

Neoregelia princeps

(Baker) L.B.Sm.

Nidularium scheremetiewii

Regel

Pitcairnia corallina

Linden & André

Vriesea corcovadensis

(Britton) Mez

Vriesea guttata

Linden & André

Vriesea imperialis

Carrière

Vriesea philippocoburgii

Wawra

Vriesea rubra

(Ruiz & Pav.) Beer

Vriesea schwackeana

Mez

Vriesea splendens

(Brongn.) Lem.

Vriesea viridiflora

(Regel) Wittm. ex Mez Cactaceae

Astrophytum myriostigma

Lem.

(6)

Brasilicactus haselbergii

(Haage ex Rumpl.) Backeb. ex Jul.Schäff.

Carnegiea gigantea

(Engelm.) Britton & Rose

Cephalocereus senilis

(Haw.) Pfeiff.

Cereus jamacaru

DC.

Echinocactus grusonii

Hildm.

Echinocactus platyacanthus

Link & Otto

Echinocactus ingens

Zucc. ex Pfeiff.

Echinopsis calochlora

K.Schum.

Eriocereus jusbertii

(Rebut ex K.Schum.) Riccob.

Espostoa melanostele

(Vaupel) Borg

Pseudoespostoa melanostele

(Vaupel) Backeb.

Espostoopsis dybowskii

(Rol.-Goss.) Buxb.

Austrocephalocereus dybowskii

(Gosselin) Backeb.

Ferocactus alamosanus

(Britton & Rose) Britton & Rose

Ferocactus emoryi

(Engelm.) Orcutt

Ferocactus glaucescens

(DC.) Britton & Rose

Ferocactus histrix

(DC.) G.E.Linds.

Ferocactus robustus

(Karw. ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose

Ferocactus schwarzii

G.E.Linds.

Gymnocalycium oenanthemum

Backeb.

Gymnocalycium pflanzii

(Vaupel) Werderm.

Gymnocalycium saglionis

(Cels) Britton & Rose

Mammillaria sempervivi

DC.

Marginatocereus marginatus

(DC.) Backeb.

Neobuxbaumia polylopha

(DC.) Backeb.

Stenocactus multicostatus

subsp.

zacatecasensis

(Britton

& Rose) U. Guzmán & Vazq.-Ben.

Stenocereus pruinosus

(Otto ex Pfeiff.) Buxb.

Ritterocereus pruinosus

(Otto) Backeb.

Sulcorebutia arenacea

(Cárdenas) F. Ritter Celastraceae

Catha edulis

(Vahl) Endl.

Clusiaceae

Garcinia

×

mangostana

L.

Garcinia subelliptica

Merr.

Garcinia xanthochymus

Hook.f. ex T.Anderson Commelinaceae

Cochliostema odoratissimum

Lem.

Compositae

Packera streptanthifolia

(Greene) W.A.Weber & Á.Löve

Senecio fulgens

Rydb.

Convolvulaceae

Ipomoea cairica

(L.) Sweet

Crassulaceae

Bryophyllum daigremontianum

(Raym.-Hamet & Perrier) A.Berger

Graptopetalum bellum

(Moran & Meyran) D.R.Hunt

Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri

Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier

Kalanchoe rhombopilosa

Mannoni & Boiteau

(7)

Cyatheaceae

Cyathea spinulosa

Wall. ex Hook.

Cycadaceae

Cycas siamensis

Miq.

Cyclanthaceae

Asplundia brachypus

(Drude) Harling

Carludovica brachypus

Drude Didiereaceae

Alluaudia ascendens

(Drake) Drake

Alluaudia dumosa

(Drake) Drake

Alluaudia humbertii

Choux

Alluaudia procera

(Drake) Drake Dioscoreaceae

Tacca chantrieri

André

Tacca plantaginea

(Hance) Drenth Dipterocarpaceae

Shorea robusta

Gaertn.

Dracaenaceae

Sansevieria kirkii

var. pulchra N.E.Br.

Ebenaceae

Diospyros discolor

Willd.

Diospyros ebenum

J.Koenig ex Retz.

Elaeocarpaceae

Crinodendron patagua

Molina Ericaceae

Sphyrospermum cordifolium

Benth.

Euphorbiaceae

Acalypha hispida

Burm.f.

Dalechampia spathulata

(Scheidw.) Baill.

Euphorbia abyssinica

J.F.Gmel.

Euphorbia caerulescens

Haw. /팻말 이명

Euphorbia coerulescens

Haw.

Euphorbia canariensis

L.

Euphorbia dawei

N.E.Br.

Euphorbia milii

var.

splendens

(Bojer ex Hook.) Ursch &

Leandri

Euphorbia pteroneura

A.Berger

Euphorbia tithymaloides

L.

Euphorbia tithymaloides

subsp.

smallii

(Millsp.) V.W.Steinm.

Euphorbia trigona

Mill.

Hevea brasiliensis

(Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg.

Hura crepitans

L.

Jatropha curcas

L.

Jatropha integerrima

Jacq.

Geraniaceae

Geranium maderense

Yeo

Gesneriaceae

Aeschynanthus pulcher

(Blume) G.Don

Aeschynanthus javanicus

Hook.

Corytoplectus capitatus

(Hook.) Wiehler

Corytoplectus speciosus

(Poepp.) Wiehler

Rhynchoglossum gardneri

W.L.Theob. & Grupe

Solenophora tuxtlensis

Ram.-Roa & Ibarra-Manr.

Haemodoraceae

Xiphidium caeruleum

Aubl.

Heliconiaceae

Heliconia mariae

Hook.f.

Heliconia orthotricha

L.Andersson

(8)

Heliconia psittacorum

L.f.

Heliconia rostrata

Ruiz & Pav.

Heliconia stricta

Huber

Heliconia wagneriana

Petersen

Lamiaceae

Clerodendrum quadriloculare

(Blanco) Merr.

Petraeovitex wolfei

J.Sinclair

Rotheca incisa

(Klotzsch) Steane & Mabb.

Clerodendrum macrosiphon

Hook.f.

Lauraceae

Cinnamomum verum

J.Presl Lecythidaceae

Barringtonia asiatica

(L.) Kurz

Barringtonia racemosa

(L.) Spreng.

Couroupita guianensis

Aubl.

Leguminosae

Adenanthera pavonina

L.

Bauhinia aculeata

L.

Bauhinia aculeata

subsp.

grandiflora

(Juss.) Wunderlin

Bauhinia grandiflora

Juss.

Bauhinia aureifolia

K.Larsen & S.S.Larsen

Bauhinia tomentosa

L.

Bauhinia variegata

L.

Brownea ariza

Benth.

Brownea grandiceps

Jacq.

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

(L.) Sw.

Calliandra haematocephala

Hassk.

Delonix regia

(Hook.) Raf.

Erythrina variegata

L.

Inga edulis

Mart.

Inga uraguensis

Hook. & Arn.

Mucuna novo-guineensis

Scheff.

Saraca asoca

(Roxb.) Willd.

Saraca declinata

Miq.

Saraca cauliflora

Baker,

Saraca palembanica

(Miq.) Baker

Saraca dives

Pierre

Senna surattensis

(Burm.f.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

Cassia surattensis

Burm.f.

Swartzia pinnata

(Vahl) Willd.

Tamarindus indica

L.

Vigna caracalla

(L.) Verdc.

Lycopodiaceae

Huperzia goebelii

(Nessel) Holub Malpighiaceae

Tristellateia australasiae

A.Rich.

Malvaceae

Adansonia digitata

L.

Adansonia fony

Baill.

Adansonia grandidieri

Baill.

Adansonia gregorii

F.Muell.

(9)

Adansonia za

Baill.

Brachychiton discolor

F.Muell.

Brachychiton populneus

(Schott & Endl.) R.Br.

Durio zibethinus

L.

Hibiscus insularis

Endl.

Hibiscus liliiflorus

Cav.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

L.

Hibiscus schizopetalus

(Dyer) Hook.f.

Malvaviscus arboreus

var.

mexicanus

Schltdl.

Pavonia strictiflora

(Hook.) Fryxell

Pseudobombax ellipticum

(Kunth) Dugand

Marantaceae

Calathea bella

(W.Bull) Regel

Calathea musaica

(W.Bull.) L.H.Bailey

Calathea ecuadoriana

H.A.Kenn.

Calathea loeseneri

J.F.Macbr.

Calathea makoyana

E.Morren

Calathea zebrina

(Sims) Lindl.

Marcgraviaceae

Norantea guianensis

Aubl.

Melastomataceae

Centradenia floribunda

Planch.

Conostegia xalapensis

(Bonpl.) D.Don ex DC.

Medinilla crassata

Elmer

Meliaceae

Sandoricum koetjape

(Burm.f.) Merr.

Sandoricum indicum

Cav.

Moraceae

Artocarpus heterophyllus

Lam.

Ficus aspera

G.Forst.

Ficus auriculata

Lour.

Ficus elastica

Roxb. ex Hornem.

Ficus macrophylla

Desf. ex Pers.

Ficus microcarpa

L.f.

Ficus natalensis

subsp.

leprieurii

(Miq.) C.C.Berg

Ficus triangularis

Warb.

Ficus triangularis

Warb Moringaceae

Moringa oleifera

Lam.

Musaceae

Musa balbisiana

Colla

Musa rosacea

Jacq.

Myrtaceae

Eugenia uniflora

L.

Pimenta dioica

(L.) Merr.

Plinia cauliflora

(Mart.) Kausel

Myrciaria cauliflora

(Mart.) O.Berg

Psidium cattleianum

Afzel. ex Sabine

Syzygium grande

(Wight) Walp.

Syzygium jambos

(L.) Alston

Syzygium samarangense

(Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry Oleaceae

Jasminum nobile

C.B.Clarke

(10)

Onagraceae

Fuchsia paniculata

Lindl.

Orchidaceae

Ceratostylis retisquama

Rchb.f.

Ceratostylis rubra

Ames

Dracula gigas

(Luer & Andreetta) Luer

Grammatophyllum speciosum

Blume

Grammatophyllum wallisii

Rchb.f.

Maxillaria perryae

Dodson

Pleurothallis gargantua

Luer

Sacoila lanceolata

(Aubl.) Garay

Sobralia valida

Rolfe

Stelis lindenii

Lindl.

Pandanaceae

Freycinetia multiflora

Merr.

Pandanus boninensis

Warb.

Pandanus utilis

Bory Passifloraceae

Adenia globosa

Engl.

Passiflora racemosa

Brot.

Pedaliaceae

Uncarina roeoesliana

Rauh Piperaceae

Piper auritum

Kunth

Piper betle

L.

Plantaginaceae

Tetranema roseum

(M.Martens & Galeotti) Standl. &

Steyerm.

Polygonaceae

Coccoloba uvifera

(L.) L.

Triplaris cumingiana

Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

Polypodiaceae

Microsorum punctatum

(L.) Copel.

Platycerium wandae

Racib.

Pyrrosia angustata

(Sw.) Ching Proteaceae

Stenocarpus sinuatus

(A.Cunn.) Endl.

Rhizophoraceae

Bruguiera gymnorhiza

(L.) Lam.

Rubiaceae

Burchellia bubalina

(L.f.) Sims

Csapodya splendens

(Breedlove & Lorence) Borhidi

Hydnophytum formicarum

Jack

Mussaenda pubescens

Dryand.

Rondeletia odorata

Jacq.

Rutaceae

Citrus

×

aurantium

L.

Citrus

×

natsudaidai

(Yu.Tanaka) Hayata

Citrus aurantiifolia

(Christm.) Swingle

Citrus japonica

Thunb.

Fortunella japonica

(Thunb.) Swingle

Citrus limon

(L.) Osbeck

Citrus medica

L.

Citrus hassaku

Yu.Tanaka

Citrus reticulata

Blanco

Citrus unshiu

(Yu.Tanaka ex Swingle) Marcow.

Citrus depressa

Hayata

(11)

Murraya paniculata

(L.) Jack Santalaceae

Santalum album

L.

Sapotaceae

Chrysophyllum cainito

L.

Manilkara zapota

(L.) P.Royen

Pouteria campechiana

(Kunth) Baehni

Pouteria sapota

(Jacq.) H.E.Moore & Stearn

Synsepalum dulcificum

(Schumach. & Thonn.) Daniell

Pouteria dulcifica

(Schumach. &

Thonn.) Baehn Solanaceae

Brunfelsia nitida

Benth.

Brunfelsia pauciflora

(Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.

Cestrum fasciculatum

(Schltdl.) Miers

Solandra grandiflora

Sw.

Thymelaeaceae

Phaleria capitata

Jack Urticaceae

Pilea mollis

Wedd.

Pilea peperomioides

Diels Vitaceae

Cissus quadrangularis

L.

Cyphostemma juttae

(Dinter & Gilg) Desc.

Xanthorrhoeaceae

Aloe castanea

Schönland

Aloe dichotoma

Masson

Aloe greatheadii

var.

davyana

(Schönland) Glen &

D.S.Hardy

Aloe verdoorniae

Reynolds

Aloe spectabilis

Reynolds

Aloe striata

Haw.

Aloe succotrina

Lam.

Gasteria pillansii

Kensit

Gasteria neliana

Poelln.

Haworthia chloracantha

Haw.

Haworthia cymbiformis

(Haw.) Duval

Haworthia lepida

G.G.Sm.

Haworthia fasciata

(Willd.) Haw.

Haworthia ryderiana

Poelln.

Haworthia viscosa

(L.) Haw.

Haworthia tortuosa

var.

tortella

(Haw.) Baker

Zamiaceae

Zamia pumila

L.

Zingiberaceae

Alpinia purpurata

(Vieill.) K.Schum.

Kaempferia roscoeana

Wall.

(12)