Vol. 49, No. 1 O2012PG pp. 68-79
ෛڍࢂଞߦ࣭ඍୢ׆ୢୀ୪ඨଞߦऀഉ็କׁুฎ׆২ܛේ
୨׆
 ଲ୍వ
 ࢮঃ
 Գլজ
Trend on the Rare Metal Recovery Technologies from Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) by the Patent/Paper Analysis
Jinki Jeong, Jae-chun Lee , Sang-woo Park and Kyung-Seok Kang
Abstract : It is generally well known that waste electric and electronic equipment(WEEE) is a complex mixture of various metals mixed with various types of plastics and ceramics. Accordingly, it is very important to extract metallic components from used WEEE from the point of view of recycling of the used resources as well as an environmental protection. In this paper, open/registered patents of US, JP, EP, and KR and SCI Journal related to rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE between 1973~2011 were reviewed. Patents and papers were collected using key-words searching and filtered by filtering criteria. The trends of the patents and papers were analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies.
Key words : Waste electric and electronic equipment, Rare metal recovery, Patent, Paper, Technical trend څ أ ێъۺڷͿदۻşۻۙ܃ुڹɰتॢܛΪۆࣰ॔͆֟قՃ͆кęŚ՚Ձқۋ҄०ۺڷͿ॥ڮʼر
ەəìڷͿ؎Ͳ܋ەɰ. ˰͆Դ, ঞąۺۍ҃Ӽχ؉ɦ͆ۙڙۆۦটڌۆě۾قԴदۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙ ࢢŚ՚Ձқںқν३Ǵəìڹܼڅॠɰ. ۋȦЛقԴəदۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ধսşցقʂॠ ي1973țҙࢢ2011țūݓėÒ/ˣʽйĶ, ێ҆, ڮͥ, ॢĶۆॴٮSCIśȦЛںܓԐॠٕɰ. ࢅڗ˚ε
ۋڌॠيܓԐॠٕČज़ࢢτॠيॴٮȦЛںսݚॠيٍʪѻ, ĶÀѻ, şěѻ, şցѻͿқԵॠٕɰ. қԵ Āę, ॴۆąڍߣşقəۻߌνقěॢॴÀʂҙқۋؽڷǣ2000țʂقݕۓॠϸԴ֥֩ęæ֩, æ֩/֥
֩ঔ०şցϿ˃ɰսۆॴÀڙʼČەڷ϶ȦЛۆąڍ2000țʂܼъۋŚ՚ধսٮۻߌνşց
Ͽ˃টьॢȦЛьशε҃ۋČەɰ.
ܳڅر दۻşۻۙşş, ৠڮŚ՚ধս, ॴ, ȦЛ, şցʴॳ
2011ț9ښ29ێۿս, 2012ț2ښ20ێ֮ԐٰΒ 2012ț2ښ22ێóۦঝ܁
1)ॢĶݓݗݓڙٍĵڙġНۙڙٍĵ҆ҙʪ֨ġԓٍĵࣳ
2) ܳ֩ধԐ֨٣ࢭ
*Corresponding Author(ۋۦߎ) E-mail; [email protected]
Address; Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Mineral Resources Research Division, Daejeon, Korea
Դ
߯Ŗ˞رڍνǣ͆əԓغьۻę॥ƍITқآۆۻۙ
ԓغۋś՚ॠóьۻںॠيԓغۻߕقèߝܼڅॢ
şъԓغۋʼرٵɰ. ŔνČ߯Ŗقəۻşۻۙ܃ुۆ
˥ۙۍф܃ुۆşցআ֪ˣقۆ३ԴİߕܳşÀ۾
۾ݥ؉ݓČەɰ. Ŕ͠ǣۋ͠ॢԓغьۻۆĀęͿԴ
ۻۙ֟ࡾ͗ۆьԦ͟ڹśü০ݒÀॠٕɰ. ۻۙ֟ࡾ
͗ڹÀ܁ڌۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢԓغڌۻۙ, ܁҃ࣀ֪
ڌۤҼقۋβşūݓġѩڦॠóқΪʼ϶Ŕҙ՚ԓ НͿԴÍÀݓڮÀŚ՚ęɰتॢࢍۓۆࣰ॔͆֟, Ճ
͆кˣںǴपॠČەɰ. ˰͆Դۻۙ֟ࡾ͗ڹьԦę
ʴ֨قߌνę܁ػۋदşʼäǣՙÁʼəąڍ, ঞą ۺۍ؊ٖॳڹН֟ࡾ͗ǴۆڮÀŚ՚фČÀۆŊ Ś՚ۆą܃ۺۍ՜֬ںÀ܋١óʽɰ(ۋѿʍˣ, 2010).
˰͆Դݓ՚ۺۍۻۙԓغۆьۻę॥ƍۙڙۋҾĎ
ॢڍνۆই֬ˣںÇ؋ॣ˺ৠڮŚ՚ˣۆধսÀ
À܋١ə ҙÀÀ࠘ə ϔڍ ࡾɰČ ॣ ս ەɰ(ǫվ, 2008).
ٍĵقؘԴ, ॴ/ȦЛқԵقۆॢşցʴॳࣷ؊ڹ
şܕقսॱʼؽʏěʹşցۆٍĵǴڌӼχ؉ɦ͆, ॳ
ٍĵۆѓॳںԺ܁ॠəʚܼڅॢۙΒͿটڌʼČ
ەڷ϶, ٍĵǴڌۋܼ҄ʼəìںԐۻقφ؉ܳəً
şց҃Č
Table 1. Technical classification of rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE
şց қآ ʂқΪ ܼқΪ Ś՚ ܛΪ
दۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢ
ৠڮŚ՚ ধսşց
ۻߌν
३ߕ
Co Li Mn In ৠࢹΪCr Mg Mo W Ti V Sb Nb Ga Ni Ta Sr Ge As Sn B Zr Cs Ba Bi Se Te Si Tl Cd Hf Re іŚܔ
ࣷ/қթ қνԸѻ
Ś՚
ধս
æ֩
֥֩
æ֩/֥֩ ঔ० цۋ١ ࠞ
ॣںॢɰ. ۋقٍ҆ĵقԴəदۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢ
ৠڮŚ՚ধսşցقʂॠيێ҆, йĶ, ڮͥŔνČॢ
Ķۆॴ܁҃ٮȦЛ܁҃εқԵ॥ڷͿԴşցۆʴॳ ں ࣷ؊ॠČۙॠٕɰ.
şցۆқΪф܁ۆ
şցۆқΪ
दۻşۻۙ܃ुۆۦটڌşցںTable 1ęÏۋࡾó
ۻߌνٮŚ՚ধսͿǣɀČܼқΪق˰͆ۻߌνə३ ߕ, ࣷ/қթ, қνԸѻͿǣɀČŚ՚ধսəæ֩, ֥֩, æ֩/֥֩ ঔ०, цۋ١ࠞͿÁÁ қΪॠٕɰ.
şցۆ܁ۆ
ৠڮŚ՚ڹݓÁǴقܕۦ͟ۋۺäǣ߸ۋرͲڏ
Ś՚ۙڙܼقԴইۦԓغۺսڅÀەČॳսڅ֪
ۤۋٚԜʼəŚ՚ڙՙͿԴێҙĶÀقϔۤęԦԓۋ
ठۦʼرەäǣ܁ĶقԴʂҙқںսۓ३ėśقڦ ॹՁۋ ەə Ś՚ڙՙͿԴ ܁ۆʼ϶, ĶǴقԴə 56Ò ۆ ڙՙ(35Òܛ)ε ৠڮŚ՚ڷͿ қΪॠČ ەɰ.
ৠڮŚ՚ধս şցۋ͈ Ïڹ ݓॠۙڙۋ͆ʪ Եڮǣ
ԵڹڗԴԐڌ३ѣνϸڙ͒ۆݗۋػرݓݓχ
Ś՚ڹԐڌॢˏقʪŔʂͿǫ؉ەəŚ՚ۆՁݗں
ۋڌॠيदۻۙşşقԴৠڮŚ՚ںধսॠيۻۙş şۆۦΒͿԴۋڌۋÀɠॠʪॠəşցںϊॢɰ (ݓ֩ą܃ҙ, 2009).
À܁ۋǣԓغইۤقԴьԦॠəदÀۻ܃ुںսä ॠČ३ߕॠČ, ڮÀŚ՚ՁқфߌνѓѪѻͿԸѻॢ
ɰ. ۋࣷթė܁ںäߝŚ՚ںڌ३ॠəࠞė܁ę
܃ʹė܁ںä࠘ϸԴ۹տʪۆŚ՚ںصںսەɰ. ҙ ÀÀ࠘εʌڎȭۋşڦॠيæ֩܁ʹ, ֥֩܁ʹ(ڌϔ
߸)ˣۆ܁ʹė܁ںäߝČտʪۆŚ՚̚əŚ՚জ ०Нں صں ս ەɰ(চ֧श, 2009).
ॴȦЛêԟʂԜфқԵşܵ
ॴ/ȦЛêԟʂԜ
҆ ٍĵقԴə दۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢ ৠڮŚ՚ ধ սٮěʹʽܳ܃قěॠيॴ/ȦЛ܁҃εқԵॠي
şցѺজф߸ۋεࣷ؊ॠٕɰ. ॴêԟڹWIPS, Ȧ Лڹ SCOPUSۆ DBε ۋڌॠٕڷ϶ Table 2ٮ Ïڹ
êԟ֩ܓ०ڷͿصرݕDBۆǴڌںTable 3ęÏۋ
1980țҙࢢ2011ț4ښūݓۆėÒ/ˣʽॴٮ1973 țҙࢢ2011ț4ښūݓۆȦЛںԐۻۚغںèߝ߯ܛ
қԵ ʚۋࢢε ĵ߹ॠٕɰ.
ॢĶфێ҆, ڮͥڹॴڙ1ț6Òښۋق
ėÒʼəॴ܃ʪۆՁԜ, 2009țۋقəйėÒ
ॴÀܕۦॠдͿʚۋࢢ֪şÂڹ2008țūݓÀɠ
ॢ ìں э২ɰ.
ʚۋࢢĵ߹
DBĵ߹ڹFig. 1ęÏۋ4ɳćͿǣɀر҇սەɰ.
दۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ধսşցěʹࢅڗ
˚ۆ ܓ०֩ں Ԑڌॠي սݚʽ ڙʚۋࢢ(raw data)ə
IPC, Áşցۆ܁ۆˣۆşܵقۆ३269æۆқԵʂ Ԝॴٮ84æۆқԵʂԜȦЛں߸ॠٕɰ. қԵʂ Ԝॴ/ȦЛڹşցқΪ, ʴێڙۍϼࠡࣀێ, ڙۍ Ķۺ, ४֮ॴқΪˣۆԐۻۚغںࣀॠيDBĵ߹ں
ٰΒॠٕɰ.
ä֨ۺʴॳқԵ
ۻߕॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
ۻߕॴ/ȦЛʴॳں؎؉҃şڦ३ԴFig. 2ٮÏۋ
ۻߕٍʪѻॴڙęȦЛьशæսфɀۺæսε
Ŕ॒͒ͿǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ॴۆąڍ, 1990țߣъ҆üۺۍॴڙں҃ۋ
Table 2. Key words for the patent/paper analysis
ĵқ êԟ֩
A
((ۻşۻۙadj şş) or ۻşşşor ۻۙşşor ۻۙ܃ुor e-scrap or (electric adj appliance) or (electronic adj appliance) or (electric adj appliance) or (electronic adj machine) or (electronic adj machine) or (household adj appliance) or Àۻ* or іԟÀۻor (іԟadj Àۻ) or (ডԟadj Àۻ) or ডԟÀۻor ࠻ौࢢor قر࠸
or قرࡓor قر࠸˥Ռȃor ५˚बor ١˥١or ࢯͪҼ܌or ࢯͪҼۻor ࢬͪҼۻor computer or (air Adj conditioner) or (cell adj phone) or (mobile adj phone) or TV or television or printer or audio or (washing adj machine) or refrigerator or radio or (printed adj circuit adj board) or Ճࢎşor ǼۤČor ॒οࢢor
͆˥١or PCB or क़Ҽor (printed adj circuit adj board) or (॒ο࣡adj şࣺ) or ۍթধͿşࣺor (ۍթ
adjধͿadj şࣺ) or (ۍթadj ধͿşࣺ) or ҄Ԑşor ऄ֨нνor LCD or (Liquid adj crystal adj display) or م˥or ҵ͆ڏěor VCR or duplicator or mimeograph or copier or (copying adj machine) or facsimile or video or videocassette* or (electronic adj oven) or (microwave adj oven) or micowave or monitor or (Braun adj tube) or (Cathode adj ray adj Tube) or CRT or Ҽ˥١or ۻۙͪۍݓor VCR or Ͽɦࢢor WEEE or LCD or ˥֟॔ͪۋ or display or ্ʂब or ۻۙҙु or (electronic adj device))
B
(νࣟor ৠڮŚ՚or (ৠڮadj Ś՚) or ৠՙŚ՚or (ৠՙadj Ś՚) or ͪرϭor (ͪرadj ϭ) or ۍ˘or ࡾor ϐÂor ࡑь࣡or ࢫ֟ࢮor Ѓνҵʜor Ѓνҵʚɔor цǣ˘or (rare adj metal) or (rare adj earth adj metal) or lithium or indium or chromium or manganese or cobalt or tungsten or molybdenum or vanadium or ৠՙڙՙor (ৠՙadj ڙՙ) or (rare adj element) or ؋࣯Ђor ɦ١Ҳor ɦ١ҵor Äήor ɦࡃor ήor or antimony or niobium or Gallium or nickel or tantalum or ৠࢹΪ or ࣯ࢍɔ or ࢍۋࢍɔ or υŔȐ֜ or titanium or magnesium or (rare adj earth adj element))
C
(३ߕor ۻߌνor ߌνor қνor Ըѻor қѻor separation or classification or sort* or disassembl*
or crushing or (size adj reduction) or ۦটڌor ۦۙڙজor ধսor νֳۋࢁor νԐۋࢁ* or ۦۋڌ
or ۦԐڌor νԐۋࢁ* or recycl* or reus* or recover* or reclaim* or reutiliz* or ڌ३or æ֩or ֥֩
or ࠞor ߸or dismantl* or recover* or recycl* or reus* or reclaim* or reutiliz* or treat* or melting or pyrometallurgy or leaching or extraction or refining or electrowinning or precipitation or liberation or (dry adj method) or (dry adj treatment) or (wet adj method) or (wet adj treatment) or elution or ڌor ۻşқ३ or (ۻş adj қ३) or electrolysis or combust* or दş* or waste or spent or end-of-life) D (waste or used or spent or Ԑڌ* or द* or end-of-life)
E (ۦটڌor ۦۙڙজor ধսor νֳۋࢁor νԐۋࢁ* or ۦۋڌor ۦԐڌor νԐۋࢁ* or recycl* or reus* or recover* or reclaim* or reutiliz*)
ॴ
(A and B and C).KEY.
(B).KEY. AND (B29B* | B09B*).IPC.
(A).KEY. AND (D).TI.
ȦЛ
TITLE-ABS-KEY(A and B and C) TITLE-ABS-KEY(A) AND TITLE(D) TITLE-ABS-KEY(A) AND TITLE(E)
Table 3. Analysis period and Database
ĶÀ қԵşÂ ܁҃ڙ ʂԜ(æ)
ॴ
ॢĶ
1980ț
2011ț 4ښ Wips DB 30æ
ێ҆ 209æ
ڮͥ 16æ
йĶ 14æ
ȦЛ - 1973ț
2011ț 4ښ Scopus 84æ
Fig. 1. Flow-sheet for database setup.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 2. A trend of the applied patents/papers for rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 3. The number/A share of the applied patents/papers for rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE according to countries.
Čەڷ϶2000țūݓƴܵ০Ԝ֧Ճε҃ۋɰÀۋ
ÇՙՃͿǣࢍǣǣ2006țۋॴڙۋɰ֨Ԝ֧
ॠČەəìڷͿǣࢍǣČەɰ. Ŕ॒͒ԜقԴ2009ț
ۋॴڙæսÀÇՙॠəìڹڙʽॴ˞ۆ
ψڹսÀ؉ݔ֮Ԑɳćقەڷ϶ėÒʼݓ؍ؕş˺
Лۋɰ.
ȦЛۆąڍ2000țʂقݕۓॠϸԴҙࢢ҆üۺۍȦЛ ьशÀۋΘرݓČەڷ϶2009țūݓݒÀڱں҃ۋČ
ەČ2009țقəÀۤψڹ18ठۆȦЛںьशॠٕɰ.
ĶÀѻॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
ĶÀѻॴ/ȦЛʴॳںԕट҃şڦ३Fig. 3ڹۻߕ
ĶÀѻॴڙęȦЛьशইডф۾ڮڱںǣࢍǶ
Ŕ॒͒ۋɰ. ێ҆ۋॴ229æ(85.1%)ڷͿदۻşۻۙ
܃ुڷͿҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ধսşցقԴÀۤȭڹտڦε
ǣࢍǴČەڷ϶ॢĶڹॴ22æ(8.2%)ڷͿ2ڦقǣ
ࢍǣČەݓχێ҆قҼ३ϔڍǰڹ۾ڮڱںǣࢍǴ Čەɰ. ܼĶۆąڍॴۆқԵDBÀйĶ, ێ҆, ڮ
ͥ, ॢĶॴχں ʂԜڷͿ ॠي DBق प॥ʼر ەݓ
؍ş˺ЛقॴڙইডڹǣࢍǣČەݓ؍ݓχȦ ЛьशقԴ31æ(34.4%) æڷͿÀۤȭڹ۾ڮڱںǣ
ࢍǴČ ەڷ϶ Ŕ ˏͿ ێ҆, йĶ, ॢĶ ˣۋ ەɰ.
Àۤψڹॴεڙॢێ҆ڹ1990țʂҙࢢ҆ü ۺڷͿॴεڙॠş֨ۚॠي2000țūݓݒÀॠٕ
ڷ϶ۋÇՙॠɰÀ2000țʂܼъۋॴڙۋ
ɰ֨Ԝ֧ॠČەəìڷͿǣࢍǦɰ. ܼĶڹ2007țҙ ࢢȦЛںьशॠş֨ۚॠٕڷ϶2008ț~2009țقÀ
ۤ ψڹ ȦЛں ьशॠٕɰ.
ڙۍѻॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
Fig. 4əॴٮȦЛۆܳڅڙۍфܳڅşěইড ںǣࢍǶ ìۋɰ.
ॴۆąڍ, ܳڅڙۍۆॴڙۋۻߕॴ
ڙقԴ ݓॠə Ҽڱۋ 49.1%ۋ϶, şࢍ ڙۍ˞ڹ
Ͽ˃ 15æ ܁ʪۆॴڙں ॠٕɰ.
ێ҆ۆMatsushita Electricۋ29æڷͿÀۤψڹ
ॴε ڙॠٕČ, HitachiÀ 28æ, SharpÀ 24æ, Mitsubishi MaterialsÀ10æۆտڷͿǣࢍǮڷ϶ܳڅڙۍ10ڦ ūݓۆڙۍܼێ҆ۋ8ÒşěڷͿÀۤψؕڷ϶
ʂχ, ॢĶۋÁÁ1ÒşěڷͿঝۍʼؽɰ. ъϸȦЛ ۆąڍܼĶۆShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityÀ15æ
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 4. The number/A share of the applied patents/papers for rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE according to the applicant.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 5. The number/A share of the applied patent/paper according to technologies for rare metal recovery technologies from WEEE.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 6. A trend of the applied patent/paper according to the year in metal recovery technology.
ڷͿÀۤψڹȦЛںьशॠٕČ, Chinese Academy of Sciences, TsingHua UniversityÀÁÁ5æտڷͿǣ
ࢍǮڷ϶Ԝڦ10ڦńǴۆьशşěںԕट҃ϸܼĶ ۋ5ÒşěڷͿÀۤψؕڷ϶ॢĶ, ҵ͆ݗ, ٖĶ, ʂ χ, ۍʪÀ 1Ò şěڷͿ ঝۍʼؽɰ.
şցѻॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
दۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢ ৠڮŚ՚ ধսşցڹ ࡾó
ۻߌνşցęŚ՚ধսşցͿǣɄսەɰ. ॴۆą ڍۻߌνşցڹ178æںڙॠي64.0%ۆ۾ڮڱں
ݓॠٕČ Ś՚ধս şցڹ 100æں ڙॠي 36.0%
ۆ۾ڮڱںݓॠٕɰ. ȦЛۆąڍŚ՚ধսşցڹ44 æںьशॠي52.4%ۆ۾ڮڱںݓॠٕČۻߌνşց ڹ40æںڙॠي47.6%ۆ۾ڮڱںݓॠČەɰ.
֮ࠗۺʴॳқԵ
Ś՚ধսşցॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
Fig. 6ڹॴٮȦЛۆŚ՚ধսşցقʂॢՃҙş ցѻ ʴॳں ǣࢍǶìۋɰ.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 7. The number/A share of the applied patent/paper by the applicant in metal recovery technology.
ॴۆąڍ, ֥֩52æ(51.5%)ęæ֩44æ(43.5%)ق
ěʹʽॴÀʂҙқڷͿǣࢍǮڷ϶æ֩/֥֩ঔ०5 æ(5.0%)ۆտԴͿǣࢍǮɰ. ֥֩şցڹ2000țūݓ
Ԝ֧Ճε҃ۋɰÀۋÇՙՃͿǣࢍǣǣ2006țۋ
ॴڙۋɰ֨Ԝ֧ॠČەəìڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. æ
֩şցڹ1994țߌڼॴÀڙʽۋ2000țūݓ
Ԝ֧Ճε҃ۋɰÀۋÇՙՃͿǣࢍǣǣ2006țۋ
ॴڙۋɰ֨Ԝ֧ॠČەəìڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. Ŕ νČæ֩/֥֩ঔ०şցڹÀۤɡڹ2000țقॴÀ
ߌڼ ڙʼؽɰ.
ȦЛۆąڍ, ֥֩26æ(57.8%)ęæ֩10æ(22.2%), æ֩/֥֩ঔ०4æ(8.9%), цۋ١ࠞ 3æ(6.7%) ˣۆ
տԴͿǣࢍǮɰ. ֥֩şցڹÀۤӇδ1973țߌڼȦ ЛۋьशʼؽݓχۋȦЛьशÀäۆػɰÀ2000 țʂݕۓॠϸԴȦЛۋটьॠóьशʼş֨ۚॠϸԴ
2000țʂъقÀۤψڹȦЛۋьशʼؽɰ. æ֩ş ցڹ2000țʂܼъۋÀۤটьॢȦЛьशε҃ۋ Čەڷ϶æ֩/֥֩ঔ०şցڹÀۤɡڹ2009țقȦ Лۋ ьशʼؽɰ.
Fig. 7ڹॴٮȦЛۆŚ՚ধսşցقʂॢܳڅ
ڙۍфܳڅşěইডںǣࢍǶìۋɰ. ॴۆąڍ,
ܳڅڙۍۆॴڙۋۻߕॴڙقԴݓॠə
Ҽڱۋ51.0%ۋ϶şࢍڙۍ˞ڹϿ˃13æ܁ʪۆ
ॴڙں ॠٕɰ.
ێ҆ۆSharpÀ14æڷͿÀۤψڹॴεڙॠٕ
Č, Mitsubishi MaterialsÀ7æ, Sumitomo Metal Mining, ʂχۆWu, Hsieh-SenۋÁÁ5æۆտڷͿǣࢍǮɰ.
ܳڅڙۍ10ڦūݓۆڙۍܼێ҆ۋ9ÒşěڷͿ
Àۤ ψؕڷ϶ ʂχۋ 1Ò şěڷͿ ঝۍʼؽɰ. ъϸ
ȦЛۆąڍܼĶۆChinese Academy of SciencesÀ5 æڷͿÀۤψڹȦЛںьशॠٕČ, ॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵ ڙ, ٖĶۆUniversity of LeedsÀÁÁ3æۆտڷͿǣ
ࢍǮɰ. Ԝڦ10ڦńǴۆьशşěںԕट҃ϸܼĶę
ॢĶۋ2Òşěۋ϶ٖĶ, ֢Ϳцࢅ؉, ࣷࢅ֟, ێ҆,
֟गۍ, ܳÀ 1Ò şěڷͿ ঝۍʼؽɰ.
ÀۤψڹॴεڙॢSharpəŚ՚ধսşցۆ֥
֩ęæ֩şցقԴÀۤψڹॴεڙॠٕČMitsubishi Materials, Sumitomo Metal Miningۋ֥֩ęæ֩şց, Wu, Hsieh-Senڹ֥֩ęæ֩/֥֩ঔ०şցںܳʪॠ ČەəìڷͿǣࢍǮڷ϶Chinese Academy of Sciences,
ॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵڙڹ ֥֩ şց, University of Leeds əæ֩şց, Technical University of Kosiceəæ֩/֥
֩ঔ०şց, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineeringڹцۋ١ࠞşցںܳʪॠČە ə ìڷͿ ǣࢍǮɰ.
Table 4ٮ Table 5ق ۻşۻۙ܃ुقԴۆ ৠڮŚ՚
ܛΪѻॴڙĶÀইডęȦЛьशĶÀইডںǣࢍ
Ǵؽɰ.
ۻşۻۙ܃ुقԴৠڮŚ՚ںধսॠəşցěʹ
ॴقԴۍ˘ۋÀۤψۋܓԐʼؽڷ϶ܳԵ, іŚܔ, ৠ ࢹΪ տڷͿ ǣࢍǮɰ. ۍ˘ڹ ˥֟॔ͪۋ ۤ࠘Ϳҙࢢ
ধսʼ϶іŚܔڹPCBˣڷͿҙࢢধսʼČৠࢹΪə
ҵ͆ڏě, Ͽࢢ, ॠ˚˥֟ࡾˣڷͿҙࢢধսقʂॢì ڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. ۍ˘ںধսॠəॴəSharpقԴÀۤ
ψۋڙॠٕČܳԵڹWu, Hsieh-SenÀÀۤψۋ
ڙॠٕڷ϶ۍ˘ęܳԵڹ2000ț~2001țę2006țۋ
ق ψڹ ॴÀ ڙʼČ ەɰ.
ۻşۻۙ܃ुقԴৠڮŚ՚ںধսॠəşցěʹȦ ЛقԴܳԵۋÀۤψۋܓԐʼؽڷ϶ɦࡃ, іŚܔ, ۍ
˘տڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. ܳԵ, ɦࡃ, іŚܔڹʂҙқPCB Ϳҙࢢ ধսʼ϶ ۍ˘ڹ LCDͿҙࢢ ধսʼə ìڷͿ
ǣࢍǮɰ. ܳԵںধսॠəȦЛڹॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵڙ ęChinese Academy of Sciences ˣقԴȦЛںьशॠ
ٕڷ϶ ɦࡃں ধսॠə ȦЛڹ National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering ˣقԴȦЛں
Table 4. The count of the patent in the country for rare metal type
JP KR US EP Total
In 35 4 2 1 42
Sn 6 6 5 2 19
іŚܔ 5 6 11
ৠࢹΪ 9 1 1 11
Ni 4 4 2 10
Cr 6 1 1 8
Mg 7 7
Ta 5 1 6
Sb 3 1 4
Ga 3 3
As 2 2
Co 1 1 2
Si 2 2
Ti 2 2
Cd 1 1
Li 1 1
Mo 1 1
Nb 1 1
Se 1 1
W 1 1
Total 96 22 9 8 135
Table 5. The count of the paper in the country for rare metal type
GB CN JP US KR CH BR IN PK şࢍ Total
Sn 2 5 1 2 1 3 2 1 6 23
Ni 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 17
іŚܔ 3 1 1 2 1 2 10
In 1 5 2 8
Ga 2 1 1 1 5
Ba 1 1 1 3
Sr 1 1 1 3
Mg 2 1 3
Cd 1 1 1 1 4
Sb 1 1 1 1 4
ৠࢹΪ 1 1 2
Co 1 1 2
Mn 1 1 2
Cr 1 1 2
Bi 1 1
Ti 1 1
Total 19 18 10 7 6 6 5 3 3 13 90
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 8. A trend of the applied patent/paper according to the year in pretreatment technology.
(a) patent
(b) paper
Fig. 9. The number/A share of the applied patent/paper by the applicant in pretreatment technology.
ьशॠٕڷ϶ܳԵęɦࡃڹ2007țۋقψڹȦЛ ۋьशʼČ ەɰ.
ۻߌνşցॴ/ȦЛʴॳ
Fig. 8ڹॴٮȦЛۆۻߌνşցʂॢՃҙşցѻ
ʴॳں ǣࢍǶìۋɰ.
ॴۆąڍ, ३ߕ89æ(44.5%), қνԸѻ63æ(31.5%),
ࣷթ 48æ(24.0%)ۆ տԴͿ ǣࢍǮڷ϶ Ͽ˜ şցۋ
1990țʂܼъҙࢢ 2000țʂ ߣъūݓ Àۤ টьॠó
ǣࢍǮɰ.
३ߕşցقěॢॴə1995țśü০ݒÀॢۋ
ԴԴ০ ÇՙՃε ٕ҃ڷǣ 2006țҙࢢ ɰ֨ ݒÀՃε
҃ۋČەČқνԸѻşցڹ1999țūݓݒÀՃε҃
ٕڷǣۋԴԴ০ÇՙՃε҃ۋČەɰ. 2009țۋ
ॴÀϿ˃ėÒʽɰϸ߯ŖĵÂقəݒÀՃε҃ێì ۋ϶ࣷթşցڹ1996țūݓݒÀՃε҃ۍۋÇՙ ॠٕɰÀɰ֨ݒÀՃεٕ҃ݓχ2001țقÇՙॢۋ
ψڹتۆ ॴÀ ڙʼČ ەݓ ؍Č ەɰ.
ȦЛۆąڍ, қνԸѻ25æ(57%)ę३ߕ16æ(36%),
ࣷթ3æ(7%)ۆտԴͿǣࢍǣ϶қνԸѻşցڹ2008
țقśü০ݒÀॢۋÇՙॠČەڷ϶३ߕşցڹ
2008țҙࢢ ݒÀॠČ ەɰ.
Fig. 9əॴٮȦЛۆۻߌνşցقʂॢܳڅڙ ۍ ф ܳڅşě ইডں ǣࢍǶ ìۋɰ.
ॴۆąڍ, ܳڅڙۍۆॴڙۋۻߕॴ
ڙقԴݓॠəҼڱۋ61.8%Ϳȭڷ϶, şࢍڙۍ
˞ڹ Ͽ˃ 1~3æ܁ʪۆ ॴڙں ॠٕɰ.
ێ҆ۆMatsushita Electricۋ28æڷͿÀۤψڹ
ॴεڙॠٕČ, HitachiÀ27æ, SharpÀ16æ, Mitsubishi Electric, SonyÀÁÁ9æۆտڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. ܳڅڙ ۍ10ڦūݓۆڙۍܼێ҆ۋ9ÒşěڷͿÀۤψ
ؕڷ϶ ॢĶۋ 1Ò şěڷͿ ঝۍʼؽɰ. ъϸ ȦЛۆ
ąڍܼĶۆShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityÀ 14æڷͿ
ÀۤψڹȦЛںьशॠٕČ, TsingHua Universityۋ4 æ, ʂχۆNational Taipei University of Education, ܼ ĶۆLogistical Engineering UniversityÀÁÁ3æۆտ ڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. Ԝڦ10ڦńǴۆьशşěںԕट҃ϸ
ܼĶ4Òşěۋ϶ʫێۋ2Òʂχ, ॢĶ, ҵ͆ݗ, ॒͎
֟À 1Ò şěڷͿ ঝۍʼؽɰ
Table 6. List of the core patent/paper
ܼқΪ ॴѥ/ȦЛ, Vol, Page څأ
æ֩
[JP] 2000-104126 ڌڵ܃ʹͿε ۋڌॢ ڮÀŚ՚ ধս
[KR] 0528506 ঞڙ܃ε ߐÀॢ ˏ Č٣ڌڵॠي ܳԵ ˣں ঞڙ
[KR] 2003-0003974 սՙজ ъڿں ۋڌॠي ή ধս
[KR] 2008-0022720 PCBε ՙÁॠي ɦࡃ, ܳԵ ধս
[JP] 2009-221514 ԓজқڦşقԴ Àَߌνॠي ή ধս
[JP] 2001-269934 қթ ͪۋ۹ġں ۋڌॠي ь Ձқę Ś՚, ИşН
Ձқں қѻ ধս
[KR] 0250060 æ֩ڌ३Ѫں ۋڌॠي ɦࡃ ধս
[KR] 0250061 æ֩ڌ३Ѫں ۋڌॠي ɦࡃ ধս
Galvanotechnik
Vol. 87, Page. 2696~2704
জ, ڌڵ, ߸ں प॥ॠə 3ɳć ॒ͿՃ֟ε ۋڌॠي
ɦࡃ, ܳԵ ধս Resources, Conservation and Recycling
Vol. 51, Page. 691-709 َқ३ ॠي ɦࡃ, ϐÂ ˣ Ś՚ ধս
֥֩
[JP] 1997-324222 ۻşқ३ε ۋڌॠي Ś՚ ধս
[US] 20100300865 ڌڵ ݗԓّں ۋڌॠي ܳԵ ধս
[JP] 1999-036020 ّԓ, ডԓ, ݗԓ ˣۆ ԓں ۋڌॠي ࣻ͆˘, Ϳ˘, іŚ
ধս
[KR] 0421937 ডԓ, ęԓজսՙ, ّս, ٶսˣںۋڌॠيɦࡃ, ࣻ͆˘
ধս
[US] 6641712 ۻşқ३ॠي ܳԵ ধս
Hydrometallurgy
Vol. 69, Page. 73~79 ݗԓ ࠞॠي ɦࡃ ধս
Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal
Vol. 9, Page. 129~137 mineral acidsε ۋڌॠي ܳԵ ধս Journal of Hazardous Materials
Vol. 170, Page. 191~196
ߣےćսͿ ԓজߌν electrokineticں ۋڌॠي ࠢ˚в,
ࡾ, ɦࡃ, ؉ٍ, ϐÂ ধս Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering
Vol. 26, Page. 649~657 ডԓ, ّԓ ࠞॠي ܳԵ ধս Xiandai Huagong/Modern Chemical Industry
Vol. 30, Page. 43~46 ݗԓ ࠞॠي ܳԵ ধս
Separation and Purification Technology
Vol. 70, Page. 306~313 ݗԓ ࠞॠي ؉ٍ, ɦࡃ ধս Hydrometallurgy
Vol. 107, Page. 124~132 ۻşқ३ॠي ؉ٍ, ܳԵ ধս
֥֩/ æ֩
ঔ०
[KR] 0821792 Àَ, ܳԵ܃ä ڌؚں ۋڌॠي ܳԵ ধս
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Vol. 183, Page. 866~873 َߌνٮ ّԓ ࠞں ۋڌॠي ܳԵ ধս
ࣷթ, қν
Ըѻ
Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 41, Page. 1995~2000
2ɳćࣷթ܁ۻқνεۋڌॠيŚ՚ęҼŚ՚ںқν
ধս
ÀۤψڹॴεڙॢMatsushita Electricڹ३ߕ ٮқνԸѻşց, HitachiəқνԸѻęࣷթşց, Sharp ə ३ߕ şցں ܳʪॠČ ەČ Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityəқνԸѻşց, TsingHua Universityə३
ߕ şցں ܳʪॠČەə ìڷͿ ǣࢍǮɰ.
४֮ॴфȦЛқԵ
Table 6قPCBͿҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ধսşցقʂॢ४
֮ॴٮȦЛں܁νॠيǣࢍǴؽɰ. PCBͿҙࢢৠڮ Ś՚ধսşցڹĶǴԓغۆьɵق˰͆PCBˣęÏ ڹԓغदşНۆьԦ͟ۋśݒॠČەڷ϶ۋͿۍॢ
ঞą١ّۋԐধЛ܃Ϳʂ˃ʼČەɰ. Ŕ͠ǣPCBˣۆ
दşНق॥ڮʼرەəৠڮŚ՚ڹߐɳԓغۆՙۦڙ ΒͿϔڍܼڅॢڦ࠘εݓॠČەںӼ؉ɦ͆ČÀ ͿԴҙÀÀ࠘Àȭş˺ЛقदşНͿߌνॠşقəϔ ڍ؉ūڏۙڙۋ؉ɩսػڷ϶ۙڙۦটڌۆࠑϸقԴ
ধսʼəìۋĶÀą܃ۺڷͿڅĵʽɰॣսەڷ϶
ۋεধսॠČۦটڌ॥ڷͿ׆Ҽڌۆ۹ÇڹНۙڙ ۆڮমۋڌࠑϸقԴʂɳ০ڮڌॠɰČॣս ەɰ.
PCBˣۆԓغदşНͿҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ں ধսॠəѓ Ѫڹࡾóæ֩Ѫę֥֩ѪڷͿǣɌəʚ֥֩Ѫڹّԓ ڌؚęÏڹԓڷͿPCBͿҙࢢݔۿࠞॠيধսॠ əѓѪۋܳεۋΘČەڷ϶æ֩ѪڹČ٣قԴڌڵ ॠيধսॠəѓѪۋܳεۋΘČەɰ(ʂॢлĶॴ, 10-0528506).
æ֩şցࠑϸقەرԴShin Meiwa Ind, Nippon Mining
& MetalsۆPCBε13001600قÀَʼəқߕѣ ȃ؋قԴşࣺقप॥ʼČەʏҼÀٍՁՁқںڌڵ ॠيʴںप॥ॢڮÀŚ՚ۆধսѓѪقʂॢॴə
ێ҆قėÒʼؽČ, ॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵڙۆڌ܃ٮঞڙ
܃εÀॢɰڼČ٣قԴڌڵॠيধսॠəѓѪقʂ
ॢॴəॢĶقˣʼؽČսՙজъڿںۋڌॠČTa ε ধսॠəॴəॢĶقėÒʼؽɰ. Dowa Eco-system ۆ ÀَߌνॠيTaεধսॠəॴəێ҆قėÒʼ ؽɰ. Sumitomo Metal Mining ˣۆͪۋ۹ġںܓԐॠ يڮÀŚ՚ধսقʂॢॴəێ҆قėÒʼؽČࡑ ν؉νԐۋ࣡ۆڌڵͿقڌ܃εÀॠيŊŚ՚ںধս ॠəŊŚ՚æ֩ڌ३ѪقʂॢॴəॢĶقˣʼؽɰ.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulۆBernardes A. ˣڹজ, ڌڵ, ߸ںप॥ॠə3ɳć॒ͿՃ֟ε
ۋڌॠي ĵν, ɦࡃ, ܳԵ, ŊŚ՚ں ধսॠə ȦЛں
ьशॠٕČUniversity of LeedsۆHall W.J. ˣڹPCB εČ܁ࠗъڿşقԴَқ३ॠيŚ՚ںқν३Ǵə
ȦЛں ьशॠٕɰ.
֥֩şցࠑϸقەرԴClean Japan Center ˣۆܓ ġԓ(ডԓ, ّԓ, ݗԓ, ۍԓˣ)ęęԓজսՙۆঔ०ؚ
ق2070ۆؚߕۆ٣ʪͿ0.5֨ÂۋԜࠞݓॠيڮ ÀŚ՚ ধս ॴə ێ҆قԴ ėÒʼČ ەڷ϶ Wu, Hsieh-SenۆъڿНںڌڵݗԓّ՚ق࣊ۓॠČَқ ३ٮজॡъڿںॱॠČНںۋڌॠيъڿНęڌڵ
ݗԓّںǼÁѓѪقʂॢॴəйĶ, ێ҆, ڮͥق
ėÒʼرەɰ. Justy:KKۆŚ՚ڌ३ė܁ڷͿڌ३Ś
՚ںप॥ॢŚ՚ڌ३ؚق؎ࠥνεÀॠيŚ՚ںধ
սॠəॴəێ҆قėÒʼرەɰ. ١࠘܁ۆॄͳԸ ѻ, ܁ۻԸѻ, ۙͳԸѻͿҙࢢқνʽҼۙՁߕقডԓ ę ęԓজսՙսۆ ঔ०Нں ߐÀॠČ ԦՁʽ ۛԐε
(NH4)2S2O3, CuSO4 фNH4OHÀÁÁ0.2 : 0.02 : 0.4 ۆЃҼͿĵՁʽঔ०ڌϔٮъڿ֨ࢅČԦՁʽۛԐق
ّսεߐÀॠČԦՁʽۛԐεٶսٮъڿॠيŚ՚ں
ধսॠə ॴə ॢĶق ˣʼر ەڷ϶ Alpha Fry Limitedۆ PCBͿҙࢢܳԵф/̚ə Ǭۋǣ ܳԵ ॥ڮ
०Śۆڌ३εڦ३Դ߿қॢ֨Âʴ؋উşՁܓæॠق
ڌؚقPCBںۿߤॢۋڌؚںۻşқ३ঞڙॠČ
ڌؚܼق॥ڮʼəܳԵŔνČ/̚əǬںধսॠə
ॴəĶ܃ॴεڙॠيėÒʼČەڷ϶ڮͥ, ێ҆, йĶق ˣʼر ەɰ. Nagoya Munic. Indust. Res.
InstituteۆKinoshita T. ˣڹݗԓࠞںۋڌॢŚ, ɦࡃ, ĵνধսॠəȦЛںьशॠٕڷ϶Central Metallurgical Research and Development InstituteۆRabah M. ˣڹ
PCBͿҙࢢɰδmineral ԓںۋڌॠيPCB؋ق˞ر ەəĵν, Ǭ, ܳԵ, Śںধսॠşڦॢ֥֩܃ʹѪق
ěॢȦЛںьशॠٕɰ. Chinese Academy of Sciences ۆXiu F.-R. ˣڹPCBε713K, 30MPa, 1֨Âʴ؋ߣ ےćսͿԓজߌνۻşқ३εۋڌॠيࠢ˚в, ࡾ, ɦࡃ, ؉ٍ, ϐÂںধսॠəȦЛںьशॠٕɰ. Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisۆCastro L.A. ˣڹԓ(2.18N ডԓ, 3.0N ّԓ, 2.18N ডԓ+ 3.0N ّԓ, 3.0N ّԓ
+ 1.0N ডԓ)ںۋڌॠيࠞॠəȦЛںьशॠٕɰ.
Tianjin UniversityۆZhang X. ˣڹLK-C2εۋڌॠي
PCBε ݗԓ ڌؚڷͿҙࢢ ĵν, ߏ(III), ؉ٍ, ɦࡃں
߸ॠəȦЛںьशॠٕɰ. ŔνČॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵ ڙۆKim E.-Y. ˣڹّՙÀ֟ÀьԦॠəتŕ֬ę
ъڿܓÀĀ०ʼرەəъڿşٮъڿܓٮّՙÀ֟À
ьԦॠəتŕ֬ۋқνʼرەəъڿş2ܛΪۆъڿ şεۋڌॠيĵν, ؉ٍ, Ǭ, ܳԵںধսॠəȦЛں
ьशॠٕɰ.
æ֩/֥֩ঔ०ࠑϸقەرԴWu, Hsieh-SenۆPCB ε200GۋԜڷͿÀَॠČ, ۦটڌںڦ३ݕėܳԵ ড়ۓѓѪڷͿܳԵ॥ڮজ०НںսݚॠČदPCBۆ
ǴࠗقەəܳԵ॥ڮজ०Нںڌ३ॠيۋ͠ॢܳԵ॥
ڮজ०НںԜşदPCB ܼۆĵνٮқν֨ࢅşڦॠ يԜşदPCBεܼ֨ۆٰ܃ुۍܳԵ܃äڌؚقɺ Ŗ ۦটڌںڦॠيԜşܳԵ܃äڌؚقۆ३Ͽ˜
ܳԵ॥ڮজ०НںݔۿսݚॠəॴəॢĶęڮͥق
ˣʼرەڷ϶ێ҆ęйĶقėÒʼرەČTechnical University of Kosiceۆ Havlik T. ˣڹ َߌν ॢ
1M ّԓۋەəъڿܓقԢ॔ںȏČİъںॠϸԴ
ࠞॠي Ś՚ں ধսॠə ȦЛں ьशॠٕɰ.
ࣷթ, қν Ըѻ ࠑϸق ەرԴ Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityۆLi J. ˣڹ2ɳćࣷթ܁ۻқνεۋڌॠ ي Ś՚ęҼŚ՚ںқνॠيধսॠəȦЛںьशॠٕɰ.
Āфॳۻϐ
҆ ٍĵقԴə दۻşۻۙ܃ुڷͿҙࢢ ৠڮŚ՚ ধ սşցقʂॢॴٮȦЛںқԵॠٕČ, PCBҙࢢৠ ڮŚ՚ধսѓѪقʂॢ४֮ॴٮȦЛǴڌںқԵ
ॢ Āęə ɰڼę Ïɰ.
ॴۆąڍߣşقəۻߌνقěॢॴÀʂҙқۋ ؽڷǣ 2000țʂق ݕۓॠϸԴ ֥֩ę æ֩, æ֩/֥֩
ঔ०şցϿ˃ɰսۆॴÀڙʼČەڷ϶ȦЛۆ
ąڍ2000țʂܼъۋŚ՚ধսٮۻߌνşցϿ˃
টьॢȦЛьशε҃ۋČەɰ. ĶÀѻͿəێ҆ۋ३ ɾşցںܳʪॠČەڷ϶ॢĶۋॴقԴ2ڦٮȦЛ قԴ3ڦńڷͿǣࢍǣČەݓχێ҆ęܼĶقҼ३ϔ ڍǰڹ۾ڮڱں҃ۋČەڷ϶ܼĶۆąڍॴڙ
ইডڹǣࢍǣČەݓ؍ݓχȦЛьशقԴȭڹ۾ڮڱ ںǣࢍǴČەɰ. şցѻͿəॴۆąڍۻߌνşց ۋȭڹ۾ڮڱںٕ҃ݓχȦЛۆąڍəŚ՚ধսşց ۋȭڹ۾ڮڱں҃ۋČەڷ϶Ś՚ধսşցقԴə
ॴٮȦЛϿ˃֥֩şցۋȭڹ۾ڮڱں҃ۋČۻߌ νşցقԴəॴə३ߕ, ȦЛڹқνԸѻşցۋȭ ڹ ۾ڮڱں ҃ۋČ ەɰ. ॢĶۆ ąڍə ۻߌνقԴə
қνԸѻşցقʂ३ȭڹ۾ڮڱں҃ۋČەČŚ՚ধ սقԴəæ֩ę֥֩ۋȭڹॴ۾ڮڱں҃ۋČەɰ.
४֮ॴфȦЛںԕट҃ϸPCB ˣۆԓغदşНͿ ҙࢢৠڮŚ՚ںধսॠəѓѪڹࡾóæ֩Ѫę֥֩Ѫ ڷͿǣɌəʚ֥֩ѪڹّԓڌؚęÏڹԓڷͿPCB ͿҙࢢݔۿࠞॠيধսॠəѓѪۋܳεۋΘČە ڷ϶æ֩ѪڹČ٣قԴڌڵॠيধսॠəѓѪۋܳε
ۋΘČ ەɰ.
ॴۆąڍͿχԕटҌʪێ҆ڹৠڮŚ՚ۙڙۆধ սقەرŚ՚ۙڙۆ܃ʹ. ܁ʹфՙۦজşցͳںц
ڷͿٍĵÒь, şցÒь, ԓغşցͳۋϔڍ̬رǣ ݓχĶǴۆąڍəৠڮŚ՚ধսқآə؉ݔūݓٍ
ĵÒь, şցÒьфԓغşցͳۆۍ॒͆Àϔڍҙܔ
ॢ֬܁ۋɰ.
ৠڮŚ՚ڹ ߎٍۙڙۆ ҃ڮ͟ۋ ۺČ, ۙڙ ҃ڮۆ
ݓًۺठܼՁۋȭ؉ŖڙۺڷͿսśۆҝ؋܁ՁںÀ ݓČەڷ϶ৠڮŚ՚ۆՃć֨ۤڹԵڮٮυÀݓͿ
ۋйėśۙۆ֨ۤݓѕͳۋȭڹԜডقԴ, սڅۙÂ
սڅঝ҃εڦॢąۮۋ֮জʼČەɰ. ڍνǣ͆ٮÏ ۋۙڙۋҙܔॢĶÀۋϸԴߐɳԓغۆĶÀą܃ф
ԓغҼܼۋȭ؉սڅÀȭڹĶÀقԴəৠڮŚ՚ۆڙ টॢսśۋݓ՚ۺۍą܃Ձۤۆज़սܓæۋ͆ॣսە ɰ. ۋͩş˺ЛقؘڷͿʪৠڮŚ՚ںধսॠəşցڹ
ǨͿьۻॣìۋ϶ॴٮȦЛڹƴܵ০ڙʼČьश ʾìۋČ Ŕæսʪ ۾۾ɚرǨ ìڷͿԦÁʽɰ.
ÇԐۆŘ
҆ȦЛڹঞąҙŘͿѧঞąşցÒьԐغܼदŚ ʼؽڷ϶ۋق ÇԐ˚ςɦɰ.(ę܃ѥ: 11-A01-MD)
ČЛॶ
ْ, 2008, କԧׁুฎࠜPCB ਆଭՍਐ ళࠤ׆২, জॷڍࢂ, ۩֗, వ.
ଲࣦ۴, ୨ผ୪, ࢽଭ෮, กনผ, ୨ฅ, କࣦܓ, ଲ୍వ, 2010, “Սਐళࠤ࣑ଡ ଲ କׁু ճฎ׆২,”
֝֜ਏਆഗվฎ, ୪47֫ 5, pp. 628-646.
ਐլ୪ऀ, 2009, ୢඍࡦܾߦऀഉ็କׁুฎࢫ
ճ০ܑฃ ׆২Թࢳ.
กඝ, 2009, “ୀऀଭ۩ੲଞߦݪૈ࠙ۀܑਏֈॺડ ଭܛේ,” ֝֜ਏਆഗվฎ,୪46֫6, pp. 842-847.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 1999. 12. 30, ݊ߧ࣌ 10-0250060.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 1999. 12. 30, ݊ߧ࣌ 10-0250061.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 2003. 01. 14, վԹ࣌ 10-2003-0003974.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 2004. 02. 25, ݊ߧ࣌ 10-0421937.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 2005. 11. 07, ݊ߧ࣌ 10-0528506.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 2008. 03. 12, վԹ࣌ 10-2008-0022720.
۩ࢢ֝ෛ, 2008. 04. 04, ݊ߧ࣌ 10-0821792.
ࢠ֝ෛ, 2003. 11. 04, ݊ߧ࣌ 6641712.
ࢠ֝ෛ, 2010. 12. 02, վԹ࣌ 20100300865.
ଵ࣭ෛ, 1997. 12. 16, վԹ࣌ 1997-324222.
ଵ࣭ෛ, 1999. 02. 09, վԹ࣌ 1999-036020.
ଵ࣭ෛ, 2000. 04. 11, վԹ࣌ 2000-104126.
ଵ࣭ෛ, 2001. 10. 02, վԹ࣌ 2001-269934.
ଵ࣭ෛ, 2009. 10. 01, վԹ࣌ 2009-221514.
Bernardes, A., Bohlinger, I., Milbrandt, H., Rodriguez, D.
and Wuth, W., 1996, “Reclamation of scrap printed circuit boards,” Galvanotechnik, Vol. 87, No. 8, pp. 2696-2704.
Castro, L.A. and Martins, A.H., 2009, “Recovery of tin and copper by recycling of printed circuit boards from obsolete computers,” Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 649-657.
Hall, W.J. and Williams, P.T., 2007, “Separation and recovery of materials from scrap printed circuit boards,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 691-709.
Havlik T., Orac D., Petranikova, M., Miskufova, A., Kukurugya,
୨׆
ইۦ ॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵڙ ġНۙڙٍĵ҆ҙ ےٍĵڙ (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧47嘳G 缧4埲G 垾畢)
ࢮঃ
2009țॢєʂॡİڿڌজॡęėॡԐ
ইۦ ܳ֩ধԐ ֨٣ࢭ Ԑڙ (E-mail; [email protected])
ଲ୍వ
1979ț ॢتʂॡİ Ś՚ėॡę ėॡԐ 1981țॢتʂॡİŚ՚ėॡęėॡԵԐ 1986țॢتʂॡİŚ՚ėॡęėॡчԐ
ইۦ ॢĶݓݗۙڙٍĵڙ ġНۙڙٍĵ҆ҙ ےٍĵڙ (E-mail; [email protected])
Գլজ
1982țۻǫʂॡİজॡėॡęėॡԐ 1984țॢĶęॡşցڙজॡėॡęėॡ
ԵԐ
1990țॢĶęॡşցڙজॡėॡęėॡ чԐ
ইۦ ܳ֩ধԐ ֨٣ࢭ ʂशۋԐ (E-mail; [email protected]) F. and Takacova, Z., 2010, “Leaching of copper and tin
from used printed circuit boards after thermal treatment,”
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 183(1-3) pp. 866-873.
Kim, E.-Y., Kim, M.-S., Lee, J.-C., Jeong, J. and Pandey, B.D., 2011, “Leaching kinetics of copper from waste printed circuit boards by electro-generated chlorine in HCl solution,”
Hydrometallurgy, 107(3-4), pp. 124-132.
Kinoshita, T., Akita, S., Kobayashi, N., Nii, S., Kawaizumi, F. and Takahashi, K., 2003, “Metal recovery from non- mounted printed wiring boards via hydrometallurgical processing,” Hydrometallurgy, 69(1-3), pp. 73-79.
Li, J., Lu, H., Guo, J., Xu, Z. and Zhou, Y., 2007, “Recycle technology for recovering resources and products from waste printed circuit boards,” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1995-2000.
Liu, J.-Y., Duan, N., Yang, H.-Y., Guo, Y.-W. and Qiao,
Q., 2010, “Electronic components screening and metal classified recovering from waste printed circuit boards,”
Xiandai Huagong/Modern Chemical Industry, 30(9), pp.
43-46.
Rabah, M., Mosa, M. and Aly, G.M., 2007, “Recovery of metal values from useless printed circuit boards,” Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 129-137.
Xiu, F.-R. and Zhang, F.-S., 2009, “Electrokinetic recovery of Cd, Cr, As, Ni, Zn and Mn from waste printed circuit boards: Effect of assisting agents,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 170, No. 1, pp. 191-196.
Zhang, X., Li, X., Cao, H. and Zhang, Y., 2010, “Separation of copper, iron (III), zinc and nickel from nitrate solution by solvent extraction using LK-C2,” Separation and Purification Technology, 70(3). pp. 306-313.
![Table 6. List of the core patent/paper ܼқΪ ॴѥ/ȦЛ, Vol, Page څأ æ֩ [JP] 2000-104126 ڌڵ܃ʹͿε ۋڌॢ ڮÀŚ՚ ধս[KR] 0528506 ঞڙ܃ε ߐÀॢ ˏ Č٣ڌڵॠي ܳԵ ˣں ঞڙ[KR] 2003-0003974սՙজ ъڿں ۋڌॠي ή ধս[KR] 2008-0022720PCBε ՙÁॠي ɦࡃ, ܳԵ ধս[JP] 2009-221514ԓজқڦşقԴ À](https://thumb-ap.123doks.com/thumbv2/123dokinfo/5176533.594982/9.799.72.727.141.997/table-patent-ʹϳε-ڌڵॠي-սՙজ-ۋڌॠي-ՙáॠي-ԓজқڦşقդ.webp)
