Review DOI https://doi.org/10.9725/kts.2019.35.5.274
화학기계적 연마기술 연구개발 동향:
입자 거동과 기판소재를 중심으로
이현섭1ㆍ성인하2†
1
동명대학교 기계공학부 조교수
2
한남대학교 기계공학과 정교수
Chemical Mechanical Polishing: A Selective Review of R&D Trends in Abrasive Particle Behaviors and Wafer Materials
Hyunseop Lee
1and In-Ha Sung
2†1
Assistant Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongmyong University
2
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hannam University
(Received September 2, 2019 ; Revised October 4, 2019 ; Accepted October 4, 2019)
Abstract − Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), which is a material removal process involving chemical sur- face reactions and mechanical abrasive action, is an essential manufacturing process for obtaining high-quality semiconductor surfaces with ultrahigh precision features. Recent rapid growth in the industries of digital devices and semiconductors has accelerated the demands for processing of various substrate and film materials. In addi- tion, to solve many issues and challenges related to high integration such as micro-defects, non-uniformity, and post-process cleaning, it has become increasingly necessary to approach and understand the processing mech- anisms for various substrate materials and abrasive particle behaviors from a tribological point of view. Based on these backgrounds, we review recent CMP R&D trends in this study. We examine experimental and analytical studies with a focus on substrate materials and abrasive particles. For the reduction of micro-scratch generation, understanding the correlation between friction and the generation mechanism by abrasive particle behaviors is critical. Furthermore, the contact stiffness at the wafer-particle (slurry)-pad interface should be carefully con- sidered. Regarding substrate materials, recent research trends and technologies have been introduced that focus on sapphire (α-alumina, Al
2O
3), silicon carbide (SiC), and gallium nitride (GaN), which are used for organic light emitting devices. High-speed processing technology that does not generate surface defects should be developed for low-cost production of various substrates. For this purpose, effective methods for reducing and removing sur- face residues and deformed layers should be explored through tribological approaches. Finally, we present future challenges and issues related to the CMP process from a tribological perspective.
Keywords − chemical mechanical polishing(화학기계적 연마), abrasive wear(연삭 마멸), contact Stiffness(접촉 강성), sapphire(사파이어), silicon carbide(탄화규소), gallium nitride(질화갈륨)
1. 서 론
화학기계적 연마 또는 화학기계적 평탄화(chemical- mechanical polishing/planarization, CMP) 공정은 연마
†