BOROBUDUR CULTURAL MAPPING REPORT AND ARTISAN BASELINE SURVEY

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BOROBUDUR CULTURAL MAPPING REPORT ARTISAN BASELINE SURVEY AND

2014

JAK/2014/PI/H/5

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The Borobudur Cultural Mapping and Artisan Baseline Survey were conducted by

in cooperation with

The Local Government of Magelang Regency with generous support from

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PREFACE

The Borobudur Temple Compounds are a UNESCO World Heritage site visited by some 3 million tourists every year. Despite tourism’s great potential as a catalyst to lead local development, many community members feel that they have missed out on opportunities to interact with tourists as tourists rarely visit the villages in the temple’s surrounds. This situation has been compounded by the impact of natural disasters, when in 2010 Mount Merapi erupted, severely impacting the Borobudur area and affecting local peoples’

livelihoods. As a result, the average income of the people here is well below the national standard.

Despite these challenges there are huge potential for sustainable development in the Borobudur area. Local cultural industries, although informal, are well established with many communities already involved in handicraft production such as ceramic‐making; bamboo crafts; local cuisine factories making tofu and noodle; communities presenting traditional performances; villagers operating small‐scale local tours and hosting guesthouses.

Since July 2011, UNESCO has been supporting such industries through small scale training focusing on cultural industries, hospitality, local cuisines, etc. in order to up‐scale the income generation potential.

In 2012, the Government of Australia through AusAID provided financial contribution for a project entitled ‘Revitalization of the Local Community Livelihood in Cultural Industries and Heritage Tourism’. The overall objective of the project was to improve the livelihoods of communities at Borobudur by harnessing the potential of the area and also to develop a model that links community groups locally with professional Indonesian creative businesses.

Besides these two areas, the project also aims to increase the capacities of local artisans to design and produce high quality handicrafts through a community‐managed training centre.

Other activities within the project includes awareness raising of the potential of cultural industries to Borobudur community members and visitors, the development of networks between key stakeholders such as community members, local and national government, the Borobudur park management and local, regional, national and international business networks.

Within this UNESCO’s AusAID funded project, a community based cultural mapping and artisan baseline survey in Borobudur area were also conducted by Yayasan Trisakti Arum Lestari (YTAL), an NGO based in Yogyakarta in close consultation with Mr. Joseph Lo, an international cultural industry development expert and UNESCO Office, Jakarta. This exercise involved 20 villages in the Borobudur Sub‐district and over 150 community members.

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The purpose of the cultural mapping and artisan baseline survey are:

• To collect credible primary data or first‐hand information to paint an accurate profile of the Borobudur artisan highlighting his/her status and work, income and challenges.

These information will be used for policy recommendations and future programming work;

• To record, identify, and classify local crafts designs and qualities, culinary products, and marketing channels;

• To raise awareness regarding environmental protection and social responsibilities in relation to production of local crafts and its related activities;

• To document types of art performances and identify their potentials;

• To increase business capability and expand market scope for local products; and

• To strengthen institutional support mechanism to support crafts activities.

This report is the result of cultural mapping and artisan baseline survey which were conducted from April to October 2013.

© UNESCO/2014

Drafting Team : Yayasan Trisakti Arum Lestari Editing Team : ‐ Joseph Lo (Coordinator)

‐ Wieske Octaviani Sapardan

‐ Nurdina Prasetyo

‐ Maria Anggita Kusalasari Photo credits : Yayasan Trisakti Arum Lestari

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CULTURAL MAPPING

INTRODUCTION……….…… 5

1. Kebonsari Village………. 6

2. Karangrejo Village………. 7

3. Tegalarum Village………. 8

4. Kembanglimus Village……… 9

5. Wringinputih Village……….. 10

6. Borobudur Village……… 11

7. Wanurejo Village……….. 12

8. Candirejo Village……….. 13

9. Sambeng Village……… 14

10. Bigaran Village……… 15

11. Kenalan Village……… 16

12. Ngargogondo Village………. 17

13. Majaksingi Village………. 18

14. Tuksongo Village……….. 19

15. Tanjungsari Village……….. 20

16. Karanganyar Village……….. 21

17. Giritengah Village……….……….. 22

18. Giripurno Village……….………. 23

19. Bumiharjo Village……….………….. 24

20. Ngadiharjo Village……… 25

ARTISAN BASELINE SURVEY A. INTRODUCTION……….…… 27

B. Details of the Survey……….. 29

C. Findings and Analysis of the Survey……….. 30

D. Key Findings and Recommendations………. 67 ANNEX

1. Survey Questionnaire

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CHAPTER I CULTURAL MAPPING Introduction

The participatory cultural resource mapping and artisan baseline survey of the area around Borobudur Sub‐district of Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia were intended to identify, record, and classify the cultural and also significant physical/natural resources and cultural‐based industries within the area. In total, there were 152 products surveyed from 20 villages. 100 artisans and 41 performance groups were interviewed and 11 natural sites visited. However, only 3 main industries/activities/sites (handicrafts/local food/

performances/ natural sites) per village were chosen for this report, totalling 60 items. The criteria to select these industries/activities/sites was based on their quality, authenticity, production quantity, accessibility, marketability, raw materials’ availability, as well as involvement of local community members in producing, performing or its meaning to local people. Specific reasons for the selection of the objects will be detailed for each object.

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The following are the list of selected objects in each village (Please refer to the Map):

1. Kebonsari Village

No.*/Product/

Name of the Producer/

Sub-village

Distance, Travel Time Originating from (a) Borobudur Temple, (b)

Village Hall, (c) UNESCO Gallery

Location Direction in relation to (a) Borobudur Temple,

(b) Village Hall, (c) UNESCO Gallery

Mode of Transportation (for transporting

products from production site to

markets)

Marketing Site

(1) Bamboo Pen Mr. Suyudi,

Cakran

a. 500 m, 3 minutes b. 5 KM, 10 minutes c. 12 KM, 30 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’clock) motorcycle

- Borobudur - Yogyakarta - Medan,

Brastagi - Jepara (3) Volcanic Ash

key holder Mr. As. Haryanto,

Cakran

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’clock) motorcycle - Borobudur - Yogyakarta - Bali (10)Criping

Tales(Root Tuber Snacks) Mr. Nurokhim,

Kebonwage

a. 1 KM, 5 minutes b. 5 KM, 10 minutes c. 12 KM, 30 minutes

a. NE (2.30 o’clock) b. SE (3.30 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’clock) motorcycle

- Borobudur - Yogyakarta - Salaman - Kajeran

*Refer to the Map No. 1

Note that transportation in the sub district ‐ 20 villages: within the low‐land villages, visitors could travel by andong (local horse carriage), bicycle, motorcycle, car and bus (in the main road), but within the high‐land which is more hilly (Sambeng, Bigaran, Kenalan, Candirejo‐

upper site) visitor could only travel by car/motorcycle to visit the places.

The reasons for selecting the above 3 items are as follows:

(1) Good example of successful home‐based industries that involve a good number of community members (i.e. 32 bamboo pen producers).

(3) The artisan is the pioneer of bamboo and volcanic ash craft.

(10) Large quantity produced (in average 5,817 kg of criping tales produced per month).

Bamboo Pen Volcanic ash craft Root Tuber Snacks

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2. Karangrejo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

markets)

Marketing Site

(13) Jet Koled(cassava

crackers),Mr.

Mukiban,Kretek II

a. NE (2 o’clock) b. NE (2 o’clock)

c. North (12 o‘clock)

motorcycle

- Borobudur Traditional Market - Yogyakarta - Muntilan (14)Volcanic Ash

Handicrafts Mr. Amin Lisman

Ragil, Kretek I

a. North (12 o’clock) b. SSE (5 o’clock)

c. North (12 o’clock)

motorcycle - Borobudur - Yogyakarta

(21) Punthuk Setumbu View (Nirwana Sunrise) Mr. Jazid, Kurahan

a. 1,5 KM, 15 minutes b. 3,5 KM, 15 minutes c. 3 KM, 10 minutes

a. NE (2.30 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

motorcycle ‐

*refer to the Map No. 1

(13) Good quality; good access to raw material (cassava); commercially success (14) Good quality; good access to raw materials (volcanic ash); commercially success (21) Good vantage point; availability of infrastructure; good potential for further

development

Cassava crackers Volcanic Ash handicrafts Punthuk Setumbu Sunrise View

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3. Tegalarum Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

markets)

Marketing Site

(22)Rempeyek Kacang (peanut

cracker), Mrs. Zaidah,

Premburan

a. 1 Km, 5 minutes b. 6,5 KM, 20 minutes

c. 7 KM, 20 minutes

a. SE (4 o’clock) b. SE (4 o’clock) c. North (12

o’clock)

car - Salaman

(23) Bamboo Craft, Mr. Supandi,

Susukan

a. SE (4 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

c. North (12 o‘clock)

motorcycle

- Borobudur Traditional Market - Yogyakarta (29)Mushroom

Satay, Mr. Purwanto,

Tegalwangi

a. East (3 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

motorcycle

- Tegal Arum Mushroom Restaurant (privately owned)

(22) Good market demand; economically sustainable and good access to raw material (peanuts).

(23) Well developed product; good market demand, and good access to raw material (bamboo).

(29) Well developed product with unique raw material (mushrooms as substitute for meat).

Peanut crackers Bamboo Furniture Mushroom Satay

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4. Kembanglimus Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site

(31)Samier (cassava crackers),

Mr. Muhdirlan, Kembanglimus

a. 700m, 4 minutes b. 3 KM, 10 minutes c. 8 KM, 20 minutes

a. NE (1.30 o’clock) b. NE (2.30 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’clock) bicycle - Borobudur - Salaman

(32)Beong fish (a special type of fish

found within Borobudur

region), Mrs. Murniah, Kembanglimus

a. East (3 o’clock) b. SE (3.30 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’olock) motorcycle

- Magelang Regency office - “Selera

Pedas”

Restaurant (privately owned) (34)Tempe

(fermented soybean patty),

Mrs. Miharsih, Bumen

a. SE (4 o’clock) b. East (3 o’clock)

c. NNW (11 o’clock) car - Borobudur

(31) The taste is well‐appreciated, good market demand, economically sustainable, and good access to raw materials (cassava)

(32) Unique material (beong fish is a unique species of fish available only in Progo River within Borobudur area), the taste is well‐appreciated

(34) Good market demand within Borobudur area

Cassava crackers Beong Fish Tempe (fermented soybean patty)

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5. Wringinputih Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Location Direction in relation to (a) Borobudur Temple, (b)

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site (39a) Children

toys-sponge, Mr. Edy Tukriyadi,

Jetis Gayu

a. 1 KM, 3 minutes b. 4 KM, 10 minutes

c. 8 KM , 20 minute

a. SE (3.30 o’clock) b. SSW (5.30 o’clock)

c. North (12 o’clock) motorcycle - Borobudur Tourism Park (43)Samier

(cassava crackers), Mr. Supriyadi,

Karangjati

a. 1 KM, 3 minutes b. 4 KM, 10 minutes c. 8 KM , 20 minutes

a. NE (2 o’clock) b. SE (4.30 o’clock)

c. North (12 o’clock) motorcycle - Muntilan

(47)Papaya in syrup, Mr. Slamet Muntarno, Karangmalang

a. 1,5 KM, 5 minutes b. 3 KM, 10 minutes c. 8 KM , 20 minute

a. West (9 o’clock) b. SE (3.30 o’clock)

c. North (12 o’clock) motorcycle

- Pondok Tingal Hotel

- Manohara Hotel - “Mbanar”

Restaurant - “Selera Pedas”

Restaurant - Borobudur

(39a) Highly popular children’s toy, good market demand

(43) The taste is well‐appreciated, good market demand, economically sustainable, and good access to raw materials (cassava)

(47) Good access to raw materials (extensive papaya plantation in the region), the taste is well‐appreciated,

Children Toys–made of sponge Cassava crackers Papaya in syrup

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6. Borobudur Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Distance, Travel Time

Originating from (a) Borobudur Temple, (b) Village Hall, (c)

UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site

(48) Wooden Batik (Wood products with batik decoration),

Mr. Basiyo, Bumisegoro

a. 3 KM, 10 minutes b. 500 m, 5 minutes c. 3 KM, 10 minutes

a. NNE (1.30 o’clock) a. NE (1 o’clock)

a. NE (1 o’clock) motorcycle Borobudur

(49) Wood Crafts, Mr. Purwanto,

Bumi Segoro

a. NNE (1.30 o’clock) b. NE (2 o’clock)

c. NNE (1 o’clock) motorcycle - at his gallery (50) Embroidery,

Mr. Doyo Utama, Bumisegoro

a. NNE (1.30 o’clock) b. NNE (1.30 o’clock)

c. NNE (1 o’clock) motorcycle Borobudur

(48) Good commercial demand, economically sustainable

(49) Unique wood products, economically sustainable, and good market demand

(50) Authentic product, limited textile producers in Borobudur area with high percentage of women involved in this industry (80% of the textile producers are women)

Wooden products with batik decoration Wood craft Embroidery

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7. Wanurejo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

(56) Pensil Gaul (wooden pencil),

Mr. Purwanto’

Tingal Kulon

a. East (3 o’clock) b. West (9 o’clock)

c. East (3 o’clock)

Motorcycle, car, public transports for the domestic

market and ship/airplane for

the exported ones

- Rumah Boedi Hotel - Amanjiwo

Hotel - Yogyakarta - Bali - Surabaya - Jakarta - Exported to:

Spain, Korea, Holland and Australia

(57)Hand-drawn Batik, Mrs. Lusiana,

Tingal Kulon

a. North (12 o’clock) b. West (9 o’clock)

c. East (3 o’clock) motorcycle

- Rumah Boedi Hotel - Pakelan,

Magelang - Sulawesi - Manohara

Hotel (58)Penthil Kucing

(rice snacks), Mrs. Khoirul Hidayah, Tingal

Kulon

a. 100 m, 2 minutes b. 1,5 KM, 5 minutes

c. 8 KM, 10 minutes

a. West (9 o’clock) b. West (9 o’clock)

c. East (3 o’clock) ‐ - Marketing at home

(56) Innovative product, well‐established artisans’ network, and involving diverse stakeholders within the local community

(57) Technically competent batik artist with good business management and marketing skills

(58) Good quality product with regular production

Wooden Pencil Handmade Batik Rice Snacks

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8. Candirejo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Location Direction in relation to (a) Borobudur Temple,

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site (60)Stone craft,

Mr. Tukiran, Brangkal

a. 250 m, 2 minutes b. 3 KM , 5 minutes c. 9 km, 20 minutes

a. SSE (5.30 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. NW (9.30 o’ clock) motorcycle - Cilacap - Palembang (63) Tempuran

(confluence of 3 rivers), Mrs. Wiwik B

a. 4 km, 15 minutes b. 1 km, 10 minutes c. 9 km, 20 minutes

a. NW (10 o’clock) b. (NNW) 11 o ‘clock

c. West (9 ‘o clock) motorcycle - (67)Bamboo Craft,

Mr. Sudiyanto, Kaliduren

a. 100 m, 2 minutes b. 3 KM, 5 minutes c. 9 km, 20 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. NW (9.30 o clock) motorcycle - Borobudur

*refer to the Map No 1

(60) Good local demand, economically sustainable, and abundant natural resources readily available

(63) Good vantage point (confluence of 3 rivers) with high potential for development of outdoor activities such as rafting

(67) Unique design and easy access to raw materials (bamboo)

Stone craft Tempuran (confluence of 3 rivers) Bamboo Craft

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9. Sambeng Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site (69)Beong fish,

Mrs. Tarni, Gleyoran

a. 1,5 KM, 3 minutes b. 6 KM, 10 minutes c. 11 KM, 15 minutes

a. SE (4 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. SE (4 o’clock) motorcycle - At home (74)Homemade T-

shirt Mr. Slamet Riyadi,

Sambeng I

a. East (3 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. SE (4 o’clock) motorcycle - Borobudur (75)Emping

singkong (cassava crackers), Mrs. Istiqomah,

Sambeng II

c. SE (4 o’clock) motorcycle - Surrounding villages

(69) Authentic (beong fish is a unique species of fish available only in Progo River in Borobudur), the taste is well‐appreciated by the market

(74) Innovative product, limited number of textile producers in Borobudur area, high percentage of women’s involvement (90% of the producers are women)

(75) Innovative product (usually emping is not made of cassava), economically sustainable, good market demand, and easy access to raw materials (cassava)

Beong fish Homemade T‐shirt Cassava crackers (emping)

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10. Bigaran Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

(76)Rengginang (rice snacks), Mr. Hanafi, Bigaran

a. SSW (7 o’clock) b. SW (10.30 o’clock)

c. SSE (5 o’clock)

Motorcycle - Surrounding villages

(77)Slondok (cassava snacks),

Mr. Matori, Serut

a. 300 m, 2 minutes b. 8 KM, 20 minutes c. 12 KM, 1 hour

a. SSW (7 o’clock) b. NNW (11.30

o’clock) c. SSE (5 o’clock)

Motorcycle - Jagalan Traditional Market

(78)Bamboo furniture,

Mr. Ahmad Makin, Bigaran

a. 1 KM, 5 minutes;

b. 10 KM, 1 hour;

c. 12 KM, 1 hour.

a. SE (4o’clock) b. NW (10.30 o’clock)

c. SSE (5 o’clock) Car

- Wates - Tempel - Ngluwar - Muntilan

(76) Economically sustainable, good local demand and easy access to raw materials (rice) (77) Economically sustainable, good local demand and easy access to raw materials

(cassava)

(78) Easy access to raw materials (bamboo)

Rice snacks Cassava snacks Bamboo furniture

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11. Kenalan Village

No.*/Product/

Name of the Producer/Sub-

village

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site (84) Slondok

(cassava snacks), Mr. Y.Supardi,

Wonolelo

a. 5 KM,10 minutes b. 14 KM, 30 minutes c. 13 KM, 30 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. NW (10.30 o’clock)

c. SE (4.30 o’clock) motorcycle - Jagalan Traditional Market (86)Tikar Pandan

(screw pinemat), Mrs. Budi Rahayu,

Mawung

a. NE (2 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. SE (4.30 o’clock) motorcycle

- Jagalan Traditional Market - Rik – Rok

Gallery (88)Jathilan

Dance, Mr. Suroto,

Gempal

a. 3 KM, 5 minutes b. 9 KM, 20 minutes

c. 13 KM, 30 minutes a. NE (2 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock) c. SE (4.30 o’clock)

car - Mr. Suroto’s gallery

*refer to the Map No. 1 for 84 and 86, Map No. 2 for 88 The reasons for selecting the above 3 items are as follows:

(84) Indigenous community‐based product and unique to this region, produced by most of the households in the village (200 households), and the main source of village

economy

(86) Innovative product using locally available raw materials (screw pine). Pandan (screw pine) plantation on Menoreh hill also serve as a mean of mitigating landslide in the area

(88) Jathilan dance is an indigenous cultural performance of Borobudur area

Cassava snacks Screw pine mat Jathilan Performance

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12. Ngargogondo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Distance, Travel Time Originating from (a) Borobudur Temple, (b) Village Hall, (c)

UNESCO Gallery

Location Direction in relation (a) Borobudur Temple, (b) Village Hall,

(c) UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site

(92) Bamboo Mat, Bp. Sujadi , Parakan

a. 5 KM, 10 minutes b. 1 KM, 5 minutes c. 6 KM , 10 minutes

a. NW (10 o’clock) b. West (9 o’clock)

c. South (6 o’clock) Motorcycle - At home

(95)

BambooBasket, Bp. Suroto , Parakan

a. NW (10 o’clock) b. SSE (5 o’clock)

c. South (6 o’clock) Motorcycle - Bejen

(97) Emping Melinjo (chips made of gnetum gnenom fruit), Ibu Suyamti , Parakan

a. NW (10 o’clock) b. West (9 o’clock)

c. South (6 o’clock) Motorcycle - Borobudur - At home

(92) High local demand (95) High local demand

(97) Unique product with national demand

Bamboo mat Bamboo Basket Emping Melinjo snacks

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13. Majaksingi Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

Transportation Marketing Site (101) “Kuda

Lumping Haswo Budoyo” dance performance, Bp. Hariyatno , Kiyudan&

Karanggawang

a. North (12 o ‘clock) b. NE (2 o’clock)

c. SSW (7 o’clock) Car

- Borobudur - Pondok

TingalHotel - Tourist

Information Center

(104) Slondok Pedas(spicy cassava snacks), Bp. Suyoto, Keruk Munggang

a. NNW (11 o’clock) b. NNW (11 o’clock)

c. SSW (7 o’clock) Motorcycle - Bawen - At home

(105) Wooden Mask,

Bp. Nuryanto, Karanggawang

a. North (12 o’clock) b. North (12 o’clock)

c. SSW (7 o’clock) Motorcycle - At home

(101) Unique art performance specific to the region (104) Distinctive local product with a good local demand

(105) Stable local demand (the mask is part of the costume for local art performance)

Kuda Lumping‐Horse Dance Spicy Cassava Snacks Wooden Mask

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14. Tuksongo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

(106) Mie Soun (palm noodle), Ibu Mustafidah, Tuksongo II

2,5 KM, 5 minutes 1 KM, 2 minutes 3 KM, 5 minutes

12 o’clock 4 o’clock

7 o’clock Motorcycle - Borobudur - Kaliabu - Purworejo - Salaman

(110) Metal Mask (made of steel), Bp. Teguh Nur Ahman, Tuksongo I

1,5 KM, 5 minutes 1,5 KM, 5 minutes

3 KM, 5 minutes 12 o’clock 6 o’clock

7 o’clock Motorcycle - At home

(113) Topeng Ireng Kawedar (black mask performance), Bp. Suyito, Krajon

1,5 KM, 10 minutes 1 KM, 5 minutes

3 KM, 15 minutes 12 o’clock 3 o’clock

7 o’clock Car - Semarang

- Magelang - Borobudur

(101) High local demand and easy access to raw materials (palm)

(104) Stable local demand (the mask is part of the costume for traditional local performances)

(105) Traditional performance originated from Tuksongo Village since 1940’s and “Topeng Ireng Kawedar” is one of the remaining groups still performing this dance

Palm Noodle Steel Mask Black Mask Dance

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15. Tanjungsari Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

Cha

(115) Tahu Mercon (spicy fried tofu), Bp. Aris P., Mendalan

a. 2,5 KM, 15 minutes b. 250 m, 3 minutes c. 2 KM, 10 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. SSW (7.30 o’clock)

c. SSW (7 o’clock) Motorcycle - At home - Muntilan

(119) Volcanic Ash Handicrafts, Bp. Kasmudi, Karang

a. 3 KM, 10 minutes b. 200m, 3 minutes c. 2 KM, 10 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. SW 8.30 o’clock)

c. SSW (7 o’clock) Motorcycle

- Borobudur Temple - Pawon Temple - Mendut

Temple

(120)Honey, Bp. Qosim

Purnama, Brangkal

a. 3 KM, 10 minutes b. 20m, 1 minutes c. 2 KM, 10 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. NE (2 o’clock) c. SSW (7 o’clock)

Motorcycle, car, and other public

transport

- Surrounding Borobudur, - Jakarta

(115) Specific product of this region;

(119) Indigenous product; successful home‐based enterprise (120) Good quality honey, good commercial potential

Spicy fried tofu Volcanic ash stupa Honey

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16. Karanganyar Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Distance, Travel Time Originating from (a)

Borobudur Temple, (b) Village Hall, (c)

UNESCO Gallery

Mode of

(122) Tofu, Bp. Muh. Sokeb,

Ngadiwinatan II

a. 3 KM, 5minutes b. 800 m, 2 minutes c. 2.5 KM, 5 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. (NW (10 o’clock)

c. North (12 o’clock) Motorcycle - Muntilan

(123)Pottery, Bp. Supoyo, Banjaran I (Klipoh)

a. 3 KM, 5 minutes b. 500 m, 2 minutes c. 500 m, 2 minutes

a. NE (2 o’clock) b. North (12 o

‘clock) c. NE (2 o’clock)

Car/Motorcycle

- Borobudur - At home

(125)Bamboo craft, Bp. Suroyo, Ngadiwinatan)

a. 3.5 KM, 10 minutes b. 500 m, 2 minutes c. 500 m, 2 minutes

a. North (12 o’clock) b. NW (10.30

o’clock) c. NNE (1 o’clock)

Motorcycle - Borobudur

(122) High local daily demand

(123) Good quality product, good demand, established networking between the artisans and popular tourist site

(125) High local demand, well‐established product with a long production history in the region

Tofu Pottery Bamboo Craft

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17. Giritengah Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Distance, Travel Time Originating from (a) Borobudur

Temple, (b) Village Hall, (c) UNESCO

Gallery

Mode of

(128) Gethuk Asli Magelang (cassava snack,

Bp. Agus Khanafi, Mijil

a. 4,5 KM, 10 minutes b. 50m, 1 minutes c. 1 KM, 5 minutes

a. NNE (1 o’clock) b. SW (8 o’clock)

c. East (9 o’clock) Motorcycle - Magelang - Semarang - Yogyakarta

(132) Honey,

Bp. Bambang, Ngaglik

a. 6 KM, 15 minutes b. 500 m, 5 minutes c. 1,5 KM, 5 minutes

a. North (12 o’clock) b. NW (10.30 o’clock)

c. NNW (11.30 o’clock) Motorcycle

- Magelang - Wonosobo - Kebumen - Bantul,

Yogyakarta - Bali (133) Pos Mati

Sunrise View, Bp. Wijarso, Kali Tengah

a. North (12 o’clock) b. SSW (7 o’clock)

c. West (9 o’clock) Motorcycle

(128) High local demand, well‐established product with a long production history in the region

(132) Good quality product with high commercial demand from both local and non‐local consumers

(133) Historically significant site (it was a surveillance post used by one of the national heroes, Prince Diponegoro, between 1825‐1830), good vantage point

Gethuk Asli Magelang Honey Bee Pos Mati View

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18. Giripurno Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

(134) Lengger Dance, Bp. Mujiran Miriombo Kulon

a. 9 KM, 15 minutes b. 1,5 KM, 5 minutes c. 8 KM, 15 minutes

c. NW (10.30 o’clock) Car - Surrounding villages

(137)

ETTAWAGoat MilkSari Makmur, Bp. Tukidi , Miriombo Kulon

a. 9 KM, 10 minutes b. 1,5 KM, 5 minutes c. 8 KM, 15 minutes

c. NW (10.30 o’clock) Motorcycle - Muntilan - Borobudur

(139) Clove Leaf Distillation, Bp. Sukisno , Miriombo Kulon

a. 8 KM, 10 minutes b. 1 KM, 3 minutes c. 8 KM,10 minutes

a. NE (2 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. NW (10.30 o’clock) Motorcycle - Purwokerto - Yogyakarta

*refer to the Map No. 1 for 137 and 139 , Map No. 2 for 134, The reasons for selecting the above 3 items are as follows:

(134) Rare authentic traditional performance

(137) Good local demand, potential of developing a goat milk production center (139) Unique clove‐leaf production, good non‐local market demand

Lengger Dance Ettawa Goat Milk Clove leaf destillation

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19. Bumiharjo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

(140) Bamboo Furniture, Ngafifudin, Sodongan

a. SSW (7 o’clock) b. South (6 o’clock)

c. NNE (1 o’clock) Car - At home

(142) Jenang Dodol (sticky rice pasta snacks), Bp. Arsono, Sigug

a. SSE (5 o’clock) b. NW (10 o’clock)

c. NNE (1 o’clock) Bicycle - Borobudur - At home

(144) Brown Sugar, Ibu Rahayu, Sodongan

a. South (6 o’clock) b. SSW (7 o’clock)

c. NNE (1 o’clock) Motorcycle - At home

(140) Good quality local product with easy access to raw materials (bamboo)

(142) Traditional local food which is produced using unique and traditional technique.

(144) Traditional local food with good local demand

Bamboo furniture Sticky rice pasta snacks Brown sugar

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20. Ngadiharjo Village

No.*/Product/

Sub-village

Mode of

(145) Bamboo Furniture, Bp. Kodim , Karangtengah

a. 4 KM, 10 minutes1 b. KM, 3 minutes c. 2 KM, 5 minutes

a. East (3 o’clock) b. SSE (5 o’clock)

c. NW (10 o’clock) Car - Borobudur (146) Gebleg

Puthil(cassava snacks), Ibu Supriyanti, Bleder

c. NE (2 o’clock) Motorcycle - Surrounding villages

(147) Bamboo Basket,

Bp. Abdul Gofur, Karangtengah

a. East (3 o’clock) b. SSE (5 o’clock)

c. NW (2 o’clock) Motorcycle - Borobudur

(145) Good quality product; easy access to raw materials (bamboo) (146) Established local product;

(147) Good local demand

Bamboo Furniture Cassava Snacks Bamboo Basket

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CHAPTER II

ARTISAN BASELINE SURVEY A. INTRODUCTION

Borobudur Sub‐district, located in Magelang Regency, Central Java, was selected to be the pilot site for an artisan needs assessment and participatory baseline survey. This sub‐

district was selected mainly because Borobudur area faces tremendous challenges in improving the welfare of its communities. As mentioned in the previous section, it is clear that, even after the inscription of the Borobudur Temple Compounds (which is located in Borobudur Sub‐district) on UNESCO World Heritage Site list, the local community did not sufficiently benefit from tourism. This situation has been compounded by the impact of natural disasters, such as when Mount Merapi erupted in 2010. As a result of these factors, the income level of the communities in this area is well below that of the national average.

Borobudur Sub‐district Map

Table 1. Borobudur Sub‐district data

Total Area of Borobudur Sub‐district km² 54,55

Distance from the Sub‐district center to the Regency center km 4 Altitude m 235

Population (December 2012)

Men 26,511

Women 24,230

Total 50,741

GDP (2012)

IDR 7,146,624

US$ 729

Average GDP/ Population Growth per Annum (2012) % 5.52

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The survey was conducted in 20 villages within Borobudur Sub‐district between April to June 2013. Some 100 artisans were involved in the survey. The selection of artisans was based on the following selection criteria:

 Priorities were given to female artisans in order to enhance gender balance, ensuring a more balance perspective;

 Equal distribution of participation of interviewees from different handicraft and culinary industries to represent opinions from all sectors; and

 Voluntary participation.

Numbers of artisans surveyed in 20 villages within Borobudur Sub‐district were as follows:

No. Villages No of

respondents

1 Kebonsari 10

2 Karangrejo 7

3 Tegalarum 7

4 Kembanglimus 4

5 Wringinputih 9

6 Borobudur 6

7 Wanurejo 3

8 Candirejo 4

9 Sambeng 5

10 Bigaran 4

11 Kenalan 4

12 Ngargogondo 6

13 Majaksingi 3

14 Tuksongo 5

15 Tanjungsari 4

16 Karanganyar 5

17 Giritengah 4

18 Giripurno 3

19 Bumiharjo 4

20 Ngadiharjo 3

Total 100

The artisans were classified into 8 groups based on their product types. These are: 1) bamboo, 2) volcanic ash, 3) wooden craft, 4) batik textiles, 5) pottery, 6) cassava, 7) tahu- tempe (fermented soybean patty) and 8) others.

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Figure 1. Crafts industries in Borobudur

Bamboo crafts (20%) and culinary products from cassava (18%) are the important traditional crafts industries. Tahu-tempe (soybean cakes), cassava snacks (18%) and other culinary products have the largest percentage (44%). Although volcanic ash, batik and pottery are minor actors in the industry (total of 9%), the sales value of these products are higher than the others because of their prices.

The followings are examples of products made from local materials:

1. Bamboo: pen, bracelet, necklace, furniture and other household equipment.

2. Volcanic ash: replica of relief and statues from the Borobudur Temple and household equipment.

3. Wooden craft: pencil, furniture, etc.

4. Batik Textiles: clothes, sarong, shirt, scarves, T‐shirts, etc.

5. Clay: pots, vases, candle holders, ashtrays, lamp base, bowl, etc.

6. Cassava: slondok, keripik, lemet, and tape(local traditional snacks).

7. Soy‐beans‐based snacks: tofu and tempe (local traditional snacks)

8. Other fresh agricultural products: mushroom, fish, empingsnacks and other.

B. DETAILS OF THE SURVEY Survey Methodology

The questionnaire was developed by Mr Joseph Lo in consultation with UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS) and other craft and survey agencies. The questionnaire was previously tested and implemented in other countries such as Bhutan, China and Mongolia.

In order to adapt the questionnaire to suit the local context of Borobudur, a consultation and testing of the questionnaire was conducted in April 2013. Based on the results, the questionnaire was further fine‐tuned to conform and adhere to local situations and perspectives.

Bamboo 20%

Volcanic Ash 4%

Wooden Craft 9%

Batik Textile Pottery 3%

Cassava Snack 2%

18%

Tahu‐Tempe (Soybean

cake) 10%

Other 34%

0%

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The execution of the survey was on a one‐to‐one interview with artisans based on the questionnaire. An initial sample survey was conducted to identify the indicators which were used to analyze the results.

The interviewers were trained to conduct the surveys. In order to ensure that the survey results are credible and valid, other activities conducted during the interview sessions included reviewing the products, photo‐taking and requesting the artisans to demonstrate the process of making. These assisted in calibrating and validating the responses from the artisans..

C. FINDINGS and ANALYSIS OF THE SURVEY C.1. General Condition

Unique cultural traditions, natural and human resources are assets of the Borobudur sub‐district area. The fertility of land provides a robust agro sector while the terrain facilitates easy access for collection of raw materials for local artisan communities. A diverse natural and cultivated vegetation of fruits, trees, food crops and plants, such as papaya, coconut, cassava, bamboo and white wood can be easily found and cultivated in this area.

At the same time, traditional cultural ceremonies and local indigenous traditions are still practiced today.

The general finding of the survey is that crafts industry in Borobudur Sub‐district is generally informal in nature. The ideas and inspiration for creation of craft design and products, capital, techniques, transmission of skills and promotion are mostly executed through artisans’ own initiative without any formal supports by neither the government nor other institutions.

The results from the survey paint a positive image of the industry as the current cultural needs fuels demand which artisans and craft producers are able to maintain their business ventures. However, their current business model does not mitigate against future or unforeseen challenges or enables them to expand their marketing based beyond their current local threshold.

C.2. Profile of the Respondents

(1) A total 100 artisans participate in the survey, of which 76% were male and the remaining 24% were female producers.