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A Case of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Associated with Pulsatilla koreana

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Brief Report

S54 Ann Dermatol

Received November 29, 2018, Revised January 13, 2019, Accepted for publication March 29, 2019

Corresponding author: Young Lip Park, Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Korea. Tel: 82-32-621-5062, Fax: 82-32-621-5662, E-mail:

ylpark@schmc.ac.kr

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6532-3156

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.

org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright © The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology

pISSN 1013-9087ㆍeISSN 2005-3894

Ann Dermatol Vol. 31, Suppl, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2019.31.S.S54

BRIEF REPORT

Fig. 1. (A, B) Multiple and huge bullae accompanied by burning sensation on both feet. (C, D) The lesions were improving without recurrence but left hyperpigmentation on both feet. (E) Picture of Pulsatilla koreana. Modified from “Pulsatilla koreana NAKAI [Internet]”, by Rural Development Administration, 2006, Jeonju: Rural Development Administration; [cited 2018 Nov 1].

Available from: http://www.rda.go.kr/ptoPtoMainSearchFocusList.

do?searchKey=title&searchVal=%ED%95%A0%EB%AF%B8%

EA%B D%83. Copyright 2006 by the Rural Development Ad- ministration. Reprinted with permission.

A Case of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Associated with Pulsatilla koreana

Kyu Rak Hong, Ji Yeoun Shin, Jung Eun Kim

1

, Sang Hoon Lee, Young Lip Park

Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 1Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea

Dear Editor:

A 52-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic with widespread bullae on both feet (Fig. 1A, B). One day before her visit, she had applied a mix of the ground stem, leaves, and roots of Pulsatilla koreana to her feet as she had heard that Pulsatilla was effective against plantar fas- ciitis, which she had been suffering from for the last 4 months. The patient reported feeling a burning sensation and pain 2 hours after applying the Pulsatilla, and 2 hours later, she was unable to tolerate the symptoms. She then removed the ground Pulsatilla and found multiple eryth- ematous bullae on her feet. There was no history of appli- cation of other topical agents. She was diagnosed with irri- tant contact dermatitis (ICD) from topical application of P.

koreana, which belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. The patient was treated with a systemic steroid, antibiotics, and antihistamines; further, daily dressings with topical steroid and antibiotics were applied. Her lesions resolved after 2 weeks, and some hyperpigmentation remained (Fig.

1C, D). We received the patient’s consent form about pub- lishing all photographic materials.

ICD triggered by plants is common and differs from aller- gic contact dermatitis in that it can occur in anyone ex-

(2)

Brief Report

Vol. 31, Suppl, 2019 S55 Table 1. Summary of clinical informations of 4 cases reported as irritant reactions by Pulsatilla koreana

Author Sex/age (yr) Purposes and site Times to develop symptom

Clinical presentation

and symptom Treatment

Kim et al.3 Female/20 Left facial nerve palsy Immediately Wide bullae upon erythematous patch with burning sensation

Not mentioned Song et al.2 Female/67 Anti-wrinkle effects on face 20 minutes Bullae with burning sensation Antiseptic cream

Female/57 Both knee pain due to rheumatic arthritis

2 hours Burning sensation Antiseptic cream Female/68 Right wrist pain due to

rheumatic arthritis Whitening effects on face

1 hour Burning sensation Antiseptic cream

Present case

Female/52 Plantar fasciitis 2 hours Wide bullae on both feet with burning and itching sensation

Systemic steroid, antibiotics, antihistamines Daily dressing with topical

steroid, antibiotics

posed to an irritant1. P. koreana is a member of the genus Pulsatilla, which belongs to the Ranunculaceae family2, that has been used in folk remedies as an anti-in- flammatory, analgesic, and astringent agent in Korea3. The plants of Ranunculaceae family are known to contain pro- toanemonin, a blister-causing compound. When proto- anemonin reacts with sulfhydryl groups, it disrupts the di- sulfide bonds in the skin, destroying the subepidermal junction and creating blisters1. Protoanemonin is partic- ularly abundant in the leaves and stems of Pulsatilla plants and is released when the leaves and stems are crushed.

This compound causes irritant reactions even if it is ap- plied to the skin for a short time4. Continuous exposure may cause erythema, edema, blistering, and hyperpigmen- tation.

Thus far, four cases of ICD due to P. koreana have been reported in Korea (Table 1)2,3. ICD cases associated with other Ranunculaceae species have also been reported1,4. The common features of ICD caused by the plants of Ranunculaceae family are the rapid appearance of the symptoms after exposure to the skin, protoanemonin-in- duced blisters, and prolonged hyperpigmentation. In this case, the lesions were limited to the contact area and oc- curred immediately after contact, and the clinical course was consistent with the preexisting reports, which en- abling the diagnosis of ICD associated with P. koreana.

Despite the advancements in modern medicine, many cas- es with systemic problems, in addition to cutaneous prob- lems, still occur due to unproven folk remedies. We have experienced a case of ICD associated with the topical ap- plication of P. koreana based on a folk remedy. We report this case to highlight that physicians’ treatments are evi-

dence-based and have been proven effective and safe by many clinical studies conducted in a large number of patients. In addition, we aim to discourage the general public from resorting to indiscreet folk remedies with a re- view of the literature.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors have nothing to disclose.

ORCID

Kyu Rak Hong, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-4854 Ji Yeoun Shin, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4859-4069 Jung Eun Kim, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-8456 Sang Hoon Lee, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7146-3702 Young Lip Park, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6532-3156

REFERENCES

1. Modi GM, Doherty CB, Katta R, Orengo IF. Irritant contact dermatitis from plants. Dermatitis 2009;20:63-78.

2. Song J, Tae S, Joo H, Lee SY, Sung KY. Chemical burns following massage with chopped Pulsatilla koreana. Wounds 2017;29:352-354.

3. Kim JS, Cha SH, Park SD. A case of irritant dermatitis due to Pulsatilla koreana. Korean J Dermatol 1997;35:339-343.

4. Uçmak D, Ayhan E, Meltem Akkurt Z, Haydar Uçak.

Presentation of three cases with phyto contact dermatitis caused by Ranunculus and Anthemis genera. J Dermatolog Treat 2014;25:467-469.

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