http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2012.49.6.822
ࢱಅॷୢુ౸ࢫլ࣪ࠜധծ౸ւࠤਏਆഗւ֜
ணવ
 କন
 ֫নଵ
 ֫෴ଵ
 ෮
 Գ
 ୋාজ
 ෭
 ֫෮
Integrated Instrumentation Management System for Prediction and Alarm of Ground Subsidence
Jungyul Kim, Yoosung Kim, Sungil Kwon, Hyoungil Kwon,
Jeehyun Kim, Shinwon Kang, Hangseok Jang, Taeheok Kim and Hyunho Kwon
Abstract : There are many cases of ground subsidence in abandoned mine area which is usaully hard to predict. It can cause hugh damage in properties and threaten human lives. Therefore, precautionary monitoring and prediction system for ground subsidence is of great necessity. Current measurement for ground subsidence is now imposed at the flimsy ground of exhausted mine and deployed. But analyzed data from manual measurement are only effective at corresponded measurement area. So it is hard to measure the data for real-time. Also, there is no situation spread system which gathered the measurement information from many areas at now. In this study, based on the pilot study and measurement example, we identified the problems of current measurement management system and constructed the automatic measurement management system. Using the system, we could perform the situation spread and provide the quantitative data by information system.
Key words : Ground subsidence, Integrated measurement management, Real-time monitoring
څ أ दġق˰δݓъࠞॠəʂóۆąڍٚࠑॠşرͲڍ϶, ġԓݓًݓъࠞॠԐͻəĶǴٽقԴ০
؉҇սەɰ. ۋͿۍॢक़३əۍԐԐČфۦԓقࢀ՜֬ںߣ͒॥ق˰͆Ԑۻقݓъࠞॠεٚࠑॠşڦ
ॢćࠑ֨֟ࢰۆʪۓۋۼ֬০څĵʼČەə֬܁ۋɰ. ইۦݓъࠞॠćࠑ֨֟ࢰڹࠞॠڍͲÀȭڹदġԓ
ݓًقʪۓʼرćࠑěνÀۋΘرݓČەɰ. şܕۆćࠑěνəʂҙқսʴćࠑڷͿۋΘرݓČەݓχ, ćࠑқԵĀęÀ३ɾćࠑقʂ३Դχڮমॢ܁҃εÀݓдͿ֬֨Âćࠑ܁҃ন˛قʂॢЛ܃۾ۋەɰ.
̚ॢي͠ݓًقқपʽćࠑ܁҃εܛ०ॠيԜডۻࣷεॣսەəߕćÀÍࠀݓݓЇॢ֬܁ڷͿٍ҆ĵق ԴəԸॱٍĵεѿॱॠيٍأݓъقۺڌʽćࠑԐͻεࣀ३ইćࠑěνۆЛ܃۾ںࣷ؊ॠČۋεٰ҃ॣ
սەəۙʴćࠑ֨֟ࢰںۺڌॢࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰںĵ߹ॠي֪՚ॢԜডۻࣷÀۋΘرݓəʴ֨ق܁͟
ۺս࠘ۙΒε܃ėॠəێʹۆ܁҃জ֨֟ࢰقěॢٍĵεݕॱॠٕɰ.
ܳڅر ݓъࠞॠ, ࣀ०ćࠑěν, ֬֨ÂϿɦࢢτ
2012ț11ښ14ێۿս, 2012ț12ښ12ێ֮ԐٰΒ 2012ț12ښ13ێóۦঝ܁
1) (ܳ)ՙؒ࠸Ժࢤ࣡
2) ąҚʂॡİITʂॡ
2) ॢĶġ३ěνėɳ
*Corresponding Author(ťআ) E-mail; [email protected]
Address; Coal center, 30 Chungjin-dong street, jongno-gu, seoul, Korea
eISSN 2287-4321(Online)
Դ
ٍĵۆѕąфЀۺ
ݓъࠞॠćࠑěνقԴইۤćࠑۆܼڅՁۋÌܓʿ
ق˰͆ԐۻܓԐεࣀॠيݓъࠞॠۆڦॹՁۋࢀì ڷͿࣺɳʼəݓًقԴəݓशࠞॠ, ࠗѻࠞॠ, ݓъۆ
ࠑѓۋʴˣںݓ՚ۺڷͿćࠑěνॠČەɰ. ߯Ŗ߿
ҚڼՁƤʴȐՙϐۆݚфԘՁԵধԵġԓقԴǣࢍ
ǦԐͻͿݓशϸقԴəݓъѺڦۆݜÀäۆػɰÀ
տÂۺڷͿݕॱʼə॥ЃࠞॠÀьԦʽцەڷ϶, ԜşٮÏڹݓъࠞॠقۆॢक़३əۍϼۋǣۦԓۆ
՜֬ںߣ͒॥ڷͿ֨śॢٚѓʂںज़څͿॢɰ. ই ۦݓъࠞॠڦॹݓًقԴսॱʼČەəćࠑ֨֟ࢰڹ
ʂҙқݓܼࠞॠć, ݓशࠞॠग़قۆॢܳşۺۍսʴć ࠑۋۋΘرݓČەə֬܁ۋɰ. ۋ͠ॢսʴćࠑۆą ڍćࠑںࣀ३Դصرݕʚۋࢢə३ɾćࠑقʂॢڮ şց҃Č
Fig. 1. Flow of this study.
মॢ܁҃χںÀݓ϶, ࠑ܁Āęۻɵقęʪॢ֨Âՙ Ҽˣ֬֨ÂڷͿ܁ঝॢݓъࠞॠݕॱԐ२ںࣷ؊ॠə ʚॢćÀەɰ. ˰͆Դ߯ŖقəĶǴقԴʪ܁҃şց (Information Technology; IT) টڌۋݒÀॠي, ۙʴć ࠑۤҼεۋڌॢ֬֨Âćࠑę॥ƍҙқۺۋݓχć ࠑĀęεটڌॢࠞॠٚ͟ࠑқԵˣقěॢٍĵÀ
ݕॱʼČەɰ(Suh et al., 2010). ĶǴٍĵԐͻͿॢĶ ġ३ěνėɳقԴəݓъࠞॠڍͲݓًۆݓॠսڮʴ,
ؒъäʴق˰δ٣ʪѺজϿɦࢢτфėʴǴǤъ, ĹۺңĨˣقۆ३ьԦʼəйՙݕʴںÇݓॠي֬
֨ÂڷͿϿɦࢢτॣսەəćࠑ֨֟ࢰںԺ࠘ॠي
ۙʴڷͿćࠑۙΒεսݚॠČەɰ(Kim et al., 2011).
Ŕ͠ǣۙʴćࠑۆąڍقʪćࠑۙΒۆսݚфқԵ قەرԴÒѻۺۍćࠑۙΒۆࠄ०ڷͿۍॢą܃ۺ
ҼڌьԦ, ࢍćࠑ܁҃ٮۆٍćՁҙܔڷͿۍॢÒѻ ۺۍқԵĀęʪф֬֨ÂۆԐĀ܁ъٖۆرͲړ ڷͿۍॢ֬֨ÂݓъࠞॠݕॱԐ२ںࣷ؊ॠəʚॢć Àەɰ. ۋٮÏڹЛ܃۾ں३Āॠşڦॠيݓъࠞॠ ۆćࠑ܁҃εر̎óࣀ०ॠČটڌॣìۍÀقʂॢ
ٍĵÀज़څॠɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵقԴəşܕۆٍĵε
цڷͿ܁҃ࣀ֪ۍ॒͆εۋڌॠيٍأݓъݓًق ԴćࠑʼرݓČەəćࠑ֨֟ࢰ˞ۆࣀ०ěνфқ Եںڦॢࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰںĵ߹ॠČۋεۺڌॢ
ԐͻεқԵॠي֬܃ٍأݓъۆćࠑěνقەرԴIT şցںۿЀ֨ࢇࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆÀɠՁںঝۍ ॠČۙ ॢɰ.
ٍĵۆѓѪфѩڦ
ٍ҆ĵəॢĶġ३ěνėɳ߯ۺݓъࠞॠćࠑşց Òьقʂॢٍĵ(Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2011) εцڷͿݓъćࠑқآقߐɳITşցںۿЀॢۙ
ʴćࠑşфȐ࣡ڗࡾşъۆࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰںĵ
߹ॠيݓъࠞॠćࠑقʂॢࣀ०ěνѓ؋ں܃֨ॠČ
ۙॢɰ. ݓŚūݓćࠑ֨֟ࢰڹȐ࣡ڗࡾঞąęИě
ॢͿćࠑۙΒۆěνÀۋΘرݓČەرćࠑ܁҃
ۆėڮজۚغںݕॱॠşÀʂɳ০رͷɰ(Kim et al., 2008). ̚ॢي͠ÒՙۆćࠑۙΒۆĀęε֬֨ÂڷͿ
ࠄ०ॠݓЇ॥ق˰͆, ۋԜݜьԦ֨֬֨Âʂڿۋ
ۋΘرݓݓ؍əЛ܃۾ںÀݓČەɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵ قԴəԜşٮÏڹЛ܃ε३ĀॣսەʪITεۿЀ
֨ࢇݓъࠞॠࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰںĵ߹ॠČ, ۋεć ࠑইۤقۺڌ॥ڷͿ׆ݓъࠞॠқآقԴࣀ०ćࠑěν
֨֟ࢰقʂॢࢍɾՁںқԵॠي, ۋق˰δşʂমę ε܃֨ॢɰ. Fig. 1ڹٍ҆ĵۆݕॱѓ؋ںʪ֩জॠي
ǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ԸॱٍĵČ
şܕćࠑѓ֩
şܕݓъࠞॠćࠑѓ֩ڹսʴćࠑѓ֩ęۙʴćࠑ ڷͿ ĵқʽɰ. ێъۺڷͿ սʴ ćࠑѓ֩ڹ ࠑ܁ۙÀ
սʴࠑ܁şͿݔۿࠑ܁ںॠəѓ֩ڷͿآۤقԴş
ॠəѓ֩ۋ϶, ݓъࠞॠćࠑقԴԐڌʼəսʴćࠑ
Table 1. Instruments used in measuring ground subsidence Type Hwajeon/
Cheolam area Tongri area Kosari area Simpori area Mulgeum mine Geumgok mine
Ground surface subsidence
surface settlement
system
surface settlement system
surface settlement
system
liquid settlement system
surface settlement
system
measuring point on surface ground
optical-fiber sensor cable system
measuring point on surface ground
optical-fiber sensor cable
system
Under ground subsidence
magnetic settlement system
magnetic settlement system
magnetic settlement
system
magnetic settlement system
magnetic settlement system
thermal line sensor system
optical-fiber sensor cable system
magnetic settlement system
thermal line sensor system
micro seismic monitoring
system
(a) magnetic system (b) multi-point temperature monitorin (c) microseismic monitoring Fig. 2. Measurement techniques for ground subsidence.
şۆܛΪͿəݓशࠞॠć, ݓܼࠞॠćˣۋܳεۋΘ Č ەɰ. ۙʴ ćࠑѓ֩ڹ ćࠑՅԴε ʚۋࢢͿä(data logger)قٍĀॠيLAN ̚əИԸڷͿʚۋࢢεন˛
ॠəѓ֩ۋ϶, ݓъࠞॠćࠑقԴԐڌʼəۙʴćࠑ şۆܛΪͿəɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢτ(TLS), йՙݕʴϿɦ ࢢτ(GMO) фġԽڮࡀۋҸˣۋەɰ. Table 1ڹॢĶ ġ३ěνėɳقԴݓъࠞॠćࠑںڦ३Ԑڌʽćࠑş εǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ݓъࠞॠقԐڌʼəսʴćࠑۆॢćф३Āѓ؋
ݓъࠞॠćࠑقԐڌʼəսʴćࠑѓ֩ۆݓܼࠞॠ ćۆćࠑşѪڹݓܼق֮ʪѻͿء࠶εԺ࠘ॠČيş قͿ˚εݓशūݓٍĀॠيÁͿ˚ۆࠞॠԜεܳ
şۺڷͿćࠑॠəѓѪںԐڌॠČەɰ. ॠݓχԜş ٮÏڹćࠑѓѪڹͿ˚ۆࠞॠŪۋεࠑ܁ॠəę܁
قԴࠑ܁ۙۆࠑ܁١ÀьԦॣսەڷ϶ćۼѺজ قۆॢʴĀ, ३ӄۋێرǣϸݓशϸۆڵş, ࠞÌই ԜۋьԦʼرࠑ܁Éۆ١εڮьॢɰ. ̚ॢݓܼࠞ
ॠćəԺ࠘ʽݓًۆսݔѺڦχںćࠑ॥ق˰͆ȉڹ
ݓًۆ ćࠑ܁҃ε ন˛ॠəʚ رͲړۋ ەɰ. ˰͆Դ
ۋε३Āॠşڦॠيۙʴćࠑѓ֩ۍɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢ τ(TLS), йՙݕʴϿɦࢢτşѪۋۺڌʼؽɰ. Fig. 2 ə ݓъࠞॠ ćࠑق ۺڌʽ ćࠑşѪں ǣࢍǶɰ.
ێъۺڷͿ ʂşǣݓशəݓԜşقࡾóٖॳں
ыóʼǣݓॠۆ٣ʪəşقࡾóٖॳںыݓ؍ə ɰ. ۋ͠ॢٖॳڷͿݓॠۆرɗݓ۾قԴۆ٣ʪÀŔ
(a) Geumjwa mine (b) Geumgok mine Fig. 3. Installation positions of measurement instrument.
ܳڦٮҼİॠيࡾóѻজʼČʴ֨قŔ٣ʪÀݓ ԜۆìęʂˣॠϸݓशսڮۓڷͿÂܳʽɰ. Ԝşٮ
ÏڹইԜںܳşۺڷͿϿɦࢢτॠϸݓъࠞॠڍͲݓ
ًۆݓॠսڮʴфؒъäʴق˰δѺজÀǣࢍǦɰ.
ݓॠĹۺۆңĨəԐۻقҝٍ՚ϸں˰͆ؒъۋ
ԴͿйǏ͠ݓäǣێҙǤъۋǣՙőϿңĨÀьԦॠ əˣࠞॠۻܓݒԜۋъ˚֨ێرǣóʼ϶ۋ˞ڹ
цͿݓॠقԴйՙݕʴںڮьॠəڙۍۋʽɰ. ۋ͠
ॢйՙݕʴں֬֨ÂڷͿćࠑॠيйՙݕʴۋьԦʽ
ݕڙݓфőϿεࣷ؊ॠČćࠑҾʪфݕڙݓқपε
ʪϸজॠϸĹۺۆʂőϿңĨÀɠՁيҙεࣺɳॠ əʚܼڅॢ܁҃ε܃ėॠóʽɰ. ԜşٮÏڹۙʴć ࠑѓ֩ڹսʴćࠑقҼ३ġѩڦॢݓъࠞॠڍͲݓً
قԴটڌۋÀɠॠдͿইۦݓъࠞॠćࠑѓ֩ڹݓܼ
ࠞॠćٮÏڹսʴćࠑѓ֩قԴɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢτ, й ՙݕʴϿɦࢢτęÏڹۙʴćࠑѓ֩ڷͿψڹۻঞۋ
ۋΘرݓČ ەə ֬܁ۋɰ(Kim et al., 2009).
ݓъࠞॠۙʴćࠑşۺڌԐͻ
Installation report of thermal line sensor for geumjwa mine (Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2010), Detailed survey report of ground stability for geum-gok mine (Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2010)ق˰βϸ दŚ
՚ġݓॠĹۺقۆॢݓъࠞॠݓфݓъࠞॠڍͲ ݓًقʂॠيۙʴćࠑşۍɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢτ(TLS) ф
йՙݕʴϿɦࢢτćࠑ֨֟ࢰ(GMO)ںۺڌॠيĹ ۺܳѺقʂॢݓ՚ۺۍÇ֨εॠČەɰ. Fig. 3ڹݓ
ъࠞॠϿɦࢢτںڦ३Ժ࠘ʽŚ՚ġԓݓًۆćࠑ
ڦ࠘ʪε ǣࢍǶɰ.
ࣀ०ćࠑěνۆज़څՁ
şܕݓъࠞॠćࠑěνۆЛ܃۾
ݓъࠞॠćࠑڹą܃ۺҼڌфۍϼۋǣۦԓۆक़ ३ٮݔۿۺۍٍěՁںÀݓдͿćࠑěνəʂɳ০ܼ
څॢҙқۋɰ. şܕćࠑěνəࠑ܁Āęۻɵقʂॢ
ęʪॢ֨ÂՙҼ, ন˛ॢćࠑʚۋࢢۆۙΒěν, ࢍ
ćࠑ܁҃ٮۆٍćՁҙܔф֬֨ÂۆԐĀ܁Āęε
ъٖॠşقرͲړۋەɰ. ˰͆Դşܕۆćࠑěνڙ ۍфЛ܃۾ںইۤۻЛÀۆԐۻܓԐٮЛॶܓԐε
ࣀ३սʴćࠑěνٮۙʴćࠑěνͿқΪॠيTable 2 ق ǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ITεۿЀ֨ࢇࣀ०ćࠑěνۆज़څՁ
ইۦĶǴٽݓъćࠑইۤڹؘԴسśॢцٮÏۋ
ݓܼقϔԺʽćࠑşͿҙࢢ܁şۺڷͿĀęεۻբॠ ي۹ۤॠəۙʴćࠑęۍͳقۆॢսʴćࠑۋѿॱ ʼرۋΘرݓČەɰ. սʴćࠑۆĀęə١॒͆ۍ֟
॒ͪ˚֨࣡Ϳ۹ۤ, ěνʼČەڷ϶, ۙʴćࠑڹইۤ
قԐڌʽćࠑşۆܛΪф܃ėۙق˰͆ɰتॢ
ۆۙʴěν֨֟ࢰںԐڌॠČەɰ. şܕćࠑۆąڍ
ćࠑşε ʫςۺڷͿ Ԑڌ॥ڷͿ׆ ۋε ࣀ३ ʪʽ
қԵĀęə३ɾćࠑقʂ३Դχڮমॢ܁҃ۋɰ. ˰
͆Դқपʽࢍćࠑ܁҃ٮۆٍćՁҙܔڷͿۍॠي
Table 2. Problems and their causes in manual and automatic instrumentation
Manual instrument management Automatic instrument management
problems cause problems cause
Can not be obtained the real-time measurement information.
measuring data due to manual measurement management
Costs occur due to integration of the measuring data
By analyzing the integrated measuring data,
measurement costs increases Time delay in the
measurement results delivered
Data obtained through on-site inspection every 2 weeks
Lack of linkages, other measuring data
By using several types of instruments, measuring data varies
Measuring data management Insufficient management of measuring data
Difficult to reflect the real-time results
For the immediate situation propagates, required the internet and mobile equipment
Longer the measurement period, measurement costs increase
performed by the on-site measurement, costs increases
Required of the site observations
Perform the automatic measurement, check the normal operation of instrument
Fig. 5. User interface of the integrated management system.
ܛ०ۺۍĀęεۺ֨(just-in-time)قʪॠəʚॢć ՁںÀݓдͿ֪՚ॢۆԐĀ܁ъٖقݓٍںߣ͒ॢ
ɰ. ̚ॢɰتॢইۤۆėÂۙΒۆ܁҃জ(ڦ࠘ʪ, ֨
߸ܳԜʪ, ɳϸʪˣ) ф֨ėÂқԵşɠۆйҼͿই
ۤۻߕεࣷ؊ॣսػɰ. ԜşٮÏڹЛ܃۾ں३Ā ॠşڦॢѓ؋ڷͿÁইۤ܁҃ۆ ܛ०ۺۍěνф
ي͠ݓًقқपʽࢍćࠑ܁҃ٮۆėڮεࣀ३صر ݕćࠑĀęۆڦॹˣśںՃқজ֨ࢅČۋεࣀ०ॠ
ي܁͟ۺ३Եق˰δԜডۻࣷÀۋΘر܋Դ֪՚ॢ
ۆԐĀ܁ۋъٖʾ ս ەəࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۋज़ څॠɰ.
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰ
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆ܁ۆ
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۋ͈ي͠ইۤقԴԴͿɰδć ࠑۤҼεࣀ०ۺڷͿڏٖॠČ, қԓʽćࠑ܁҃εԴ
Fig. 4. Configuration of the integrated instrumentation management system.
ͿڮşۺڷͿٍćॠيԐڌۙقó֪Ձۋȭڹ܁҃
ε܃ė॥ڹН҃ɰ֪՚ॢۆԐՙࣀę֬֨Âćࠑ
܁҃ε ėڮॣս ەə ֨֟ࢰۋɰ.
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆĵՁ
ٍ҆ĵقԴ܃؋ॠə֨֟ࢰۆۻߕۺۍĵՁڹFig. 4 ٮÏɰ. ݓъࠞॠϿɦࢢτںЀۺڷͿي͠ইۤقԺ
࠘ʽԴͿɰδćࠑՅԴεࣀ३ćࠑʽʚۋࢢə1ۺ ڷͿÁÁۆʚۋࢢͿäͿսݚʼ϶սݚʽćࠑʚۋࢢ əÁʚۋࢢͿäقԴݓڙॠəʚۋࢢۻբѓ֩ق˰
͆֬֨ÂڷͿࣀ०ćࠑěνԴѣͿۻբʽɰ. ࣀ०ćࠑ
ԴѣͿۻբʽʚۋࢢəʚۋࢢѮۋ֟জʼرܛ०ۺڷ Ϳ۹ۤфěνÀۋΘرݕɰ. ۋεࣀ३Áşěۆě νۙфɺɾۙəࣀ०ćࠑěνۻڌՙ॒࣡ڟرεۋڌ ॠيԐڌۙۍݒۼεäߝńॢںҙيыڹćࠑ
ʚۋࢢقʂॢ܁҃εėڮॠϸԴڙॠəşɠںսॱॠ óʽɰ. ̚ॢ֬֨Âćࠑę܁ܼڦॹݜÀьԦॠٕ
ںąڍ֪՚ॢԜডۻࣷεࣀ३ÁۺۍʂߌÀۋΘ رݓʪॢɰ.
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆĵՁѻşɠфًॣ
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆ ĵՁڅՙε ǣࢍǴə Ԑڌۙ
ۍࢢगۋ֟ε Fig. 5ق ǣࢍǴؽɰ.
෮ୋծ౸
ٍ҆ĵقԴəşܕݓъࠞॠćࠑقԐڌʼʏݓъۆ
Ѻۋǣॠܼ, ڿͳںࠑ܁ॠəćࠑşѪٽقݕʴф
٣ʪˣںࠑ܁ॠəćࠑşѪˣɰتॢćࠑşѪںۋ ڌॠيćࠑʚۋࢢεսݚॠČۙॠٕɰ. ইۤćࠑǴڌ
ق˰͆ĵՁڅՙÀɰβݓχࡾóʚۋࢢսݚۤ࠘ۍ
ćࠑՅԴٮʚۋࢢͿäͿĵՁʽɰ. ÁćࠑՅԴəটڌ ॠČۙ ॠə ʚۋࢢε ࠑ܁ॠČ, ʚۋࢢͿäə ÁÁۆ
ćࠑՅԴͿҙࢢʚۋࢢεսݚॠيࣀ०ěνԴѣͿʚ ۋࢢε ۻբॢɰ.
ധւࠤছ࣊
ࣀ०ěνԴѣə Á ইۤۆ ʚۋࢢͿäͿҙࢢ ۻբы ڹćࠑʚۋࢢεʚۋࢢѮۋ֟জॠيܛ०ۺڷͿ۹ۤ
фěνॠ϶ۋəćࠑěνۻڌՙ॒࣡ڟرεࣀ३Ԑ ڌۙڅߔԐ२ںߌνॠي܁҃εėڮॢɰ. Fig. 6ڹࣀ ०ěν Դѣق ʂॢۙΒߌνε ǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ʚۋࢢͿäͿҙࢢ ۻբʽ ćࠑʚۋࢢə ѻʪۆ ʚۋ ࢢսݚфěνՙ॒࣡ڟرεࣀ३ÀėʚۋࢢѮۋ
֟ق۹ۤʽɰ. ʚۋࢢսݚфěνՙ॒࣡ڟرəսݚ ʽʚۋࢢقʂॠيʚۋࢢѮۋ֟ق۹ۤॠəşɠӼχ
؉ɦ͆ي͠ćࠑقʂॢ܁҃εսݚॠəʚەرȐ࣡
ڗࡾ ࣀ֪ ࣡͒ख़(traffic) ěνəܼڅॢ ČͲԐ२ۋд ͿȐ࣡ڗࡾ࣡͒ख़قʂॢқԵںࣀॠي҃ɰ؋܁Ձ ۋČͲʽȐ࣡ڗࡾঞąں܃ėॣսەʪॢɰ. ̚ॢ
܁ۋѰ֪࣡قʂॢۙʴқԵߌνεࣀॠيćࠑ ěνşܵ࠘εߣęॠəąڍقʂ३ěνۙقóЛۙԴ Ҽ֟фۋϭێںۋڌॢą҃εьԦॠي֨ʂں
սςॣ ս ەʪ ݓڙॢɰ.
೨ޭଲચൈ
ࣀ०ěνԴѣٮԐڌۙÂۆٍĀںɺɾॠəۍࢢग ۋ֟ͿԴϿɦࢢτԴѣфࣀ०ćࠑěνۻڌՙ॒࣡ڟ رͿĵՁʽɰ. ǴҙȐ࣡ڗࡾфۍࢢȖںࣀ३ࣀ०ć
Fig. 6. Data process of the integrated management server.
Table 3. Management standard on microseismic monitoring
Type Event
Degree of risk Corrective measure position count scale
step 1 core 1st/week 0.0~0.2 care Event count increment
Careful observation step 2 goaf 4st/week 0.2~0.5 warning measurements review
alarm and site observations
step 3 near surface 7st/week over 0.5 danger
access control
cause analysis and check whether the ground subsidence
ࠑěνԴѣقۿ՚ॠيÁইۤۆćࠑ܁҃قʂॠي֬
֨ÂϿɦࢢτфқԵۋÀɠॠɰ. ۋεࣀ३ćࠑɺɾ
ۙ˞Âۆ֪՚ॠČϼঝॢۆԐՙࣀںڦॢ܁҃ėڮε
܃ėॢɰ.
ࣀ०ćࠑěνşܵфқԵѓ؋
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰڹ ݓъࠞॠق ěॢ ܁҃ε صə ʚЀۺۋەڷ϶ǣ؉Àصرݕ܁҃εࣀ३ܛ०ۺۍ
қԵں॥ڷͿۍ३ۋԜݜÀьԦॠٕں˺֪՚ॢ
ܓ࠘Ϳۋॱʾսەʪॠəًॣںॢɰ. ˰͆ԴۋԜ
ݜقʂॢ܁ঝॢࣺɳںڦॠيćࠑ܁҃قʂॢқ Եѓ؋фŔقʂॢěνşܵں܁ςॠəìڹϔڍܼ
څॢԐ؋ۋ͆ॣսەɰ. ݓъࠞॠۆćࠑقەرࠞॠ ěνşܵڹćࠑ֨֟ࢰфćࠑঞąںČͲॠيآॠ϶
̚ॢ, Ĺۺ֮ʪ, ąԐٮԜҙۆݓъՁęÏڹইۤ
ۆঞąۺۍڅۍۋܼڅॢۍۙۋдͿŔق˰͆ইۤ
ѻՁںъٖॠيآॢɰ. ٍ҆ĵقԴəݓъۆݕʴ, ٣ʪ, ॠܼ, Ѻˣںćࠑॠşڦॠيي͠ćࠑ֨֟
ࢰںԐڌॠдͿÁćࠑ֨֟ࢰق˰͆ԴͿɰδࠞॠ ěνşܵ؋ںυʹॠٕڷ϶, ۋəԸॱٍĵ(Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2011)εࣀॠيۤşćࠑսॱق˰δą ॹںцڷͿ܁ςʼؽɰ. Table 3ęTable 4əࣀ०ć ࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆйՙݕʴćࠑقʂॢࠞॠěνşܵں
ǣࢍǴČ ەɰ.
йՙݕʴ ćࠑěνşܵڹ ݕڙݓۆ ڦ࠘, ьԦ Ҿʪ, ݕڙőϿˣںࣀ०ॠيěνॠəìۋц͊ݔॠɰ. Ԝ şٮÏۋইۤфćࠑ֨֟ࢰѻěνşܵںԺ܁ॠČ, ьԦąॳںϿɦࢢτ॥ق˰͆ۋԜݜьԦ֨ʂ
սςфʂڿࢹॢɰ. ॢठ, ۋԜݜقʂॢࣺɳں
ڦॢćࠑʚۋࢢقʂॢۙΒқԵڹŔę܁фĵܓۺ
Table 4. Phased management standard on microseismic monitoring
Type Division step
Basic management standard
Corrective measure hazard quotient
0~50
hazard quotient 50~75
hazard quotient 75~100 risk
(correction value) K=1
risk (correction value)
K=0.8
risk (correction value)
K=0.6
step
1 position
1 mine cavity lower~
mine cavity inside
mine cavity lower~
mine cavity inside
mine cavity lower~
mine cavity inside monitoring 2 mine cavity
upper~surface
mine cavity upper~surface
mine cavity
upper~surface cause analysis
step 2 count
1 4st/week event of near surface
3st/week event of near surface
2st/week
event of near surface monitoring 2 7st/week
event of near surface
5st/week event of near surface
3st/week event of near surface
cause analysis and check whether the ground subsidence
step 3 scale
1 scale 0.0~0.5 event of near surface
scale 0.0~0.4 event of near surface
scale 0.0~0.3
event of near surface monitoring 2 over scale 0.5
event of near surface
over scale 0.4 event of near surface
over scale 0.3 event of near surface
cause analysis and check whether the ground subsidence
(a) auto-picking by first arrival (b) inversion for seismic epicenter identification
(c) algorithm for amplitude estimate (d) results using the comprehensive analysis Fig. 7. Analysis process on microseismic data.
ۍ҄ۡՁˣڷͿۍ३३ɾқآۆۻЛÀÀ؉ɨąڍ قəটڌॠşÀرͷɰ. ̚ॢۋԜݜقʂॠيÁ
ʂڿॣսەʪ֬֨ÂϿɦࢢτфқԵۋۋΘر܋
آॢɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵقԴ܃؋ॠČۙॠəćࠑʚۋ
ࢢقʂॢқԵڹşܕۆ҄ۡॢқԵںۙʴڷͿߌν
॥ڷͿ׆ ֪՚ॠó Āęε ʪॣ ս ەʪ ॠٕɰ.
Fig. 7ڹࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆйՙݕʴćࠑقʂॢÒ ĜۺۍқԵę܁ۋɰ. Fig. 7ۆ(a)əইۤćࠑϿɦࢢτ
(a) microseismic sensor (Gyeongdong coal mine) (b) temperature sensor (Geumgok mine) Fig. 8. Installation location of measuring sensors.
ںࣀ३ćࠑۋѰ࣡(event) ۙΒεěॠيϿɦࢢτ
ĵًǴݚܼʼəۙΒقʂॢक़ࢌ(picking)ںߌνॠ ə ę܁ڷͿ STA/LTA(short time average/long time average) фMER(modified energy ratio) ؎Čνݏںۺ ڌॢauto-picking ؎ČνݏںĵইॠيۋѰ֪࣡ق
ʂॢߣʴܳ֨εۙʴڷͿন˛Àɠॠɰ(Wong et al., 2009). Fig. 7ۆ(b)əक़ࢌę܁ںäߝন˛ʽćࠑ֪
ۆߣʴܳ֨ٮÁՅԴۆx,y,zܟशфߣşѺսÉںۓͳ ы؉ݕڙݓőϼقەرҼİۺ؋܁ۺۍLMA(Levenberg- Marquardt algorithm) ًԓşѪںۺڌ॥ڷͿ׆ݕڙق
ʂॢڦ࠘εőϼॠəę܁ںǣࢍǴČەɰ(Lines and Treitel, 1984). ŔĀęεцڷͿݕڙݓقʂॠي֮
ʪق˰δěνşܵںۺڌॠيڦॹˣśںԓॠČ̚
ॢćࠑѩڦǴقԴۆъ҄ۺۍьԦҾʪق˰δěν şܵق˰͆Ҿʪѻڦॹˣśںԓॢɰ. ̚ॢݕʴق
ʂॢőϿĀ܁ںڦ३Fig. 7ۆ(c)ٮÏۋݕʴ֪ۆ
ݕफق˰͆őϿԓ܁؎Čνݏںۺڌॠيݕʴقʂॢ
őϿεԓॢɰ. Ԝşę܁ںäߝԓʽ֮ʪ, őϿ, Ҿʪق˰δқԵĀęεFig. 7ۆ(d)قǣࢍǶцٮÏ ۋ߯ܛۺڷͿࠄ०ॠيܛ०ۺۍĀęεʪ॥ڷͿқ ԵĀęÀěνşܵںߣę֪֨՚ॠóʂߌॣսەʪ
ԜডۻࣷÀۋΘرݓʪॢɰ. ٍ҆ĵقԴ܃؋ॠ əࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆқԵڹйՙݕʴćࠑӼχ؉
ɦ͆ɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢτфॠܼćεۋڌॢćࠑقԴʪ
ѻʪۆқԵۚغۋػۋćࠑقԴҙࢢԜডۻࣷقۋβ şūݓ ۙʴۺۍ қԵۋ ۋΘرݕɰ.
ۋԜݜقʂॢą҃ۻࣷ֨ǣν١
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰڹۻćࠑইۤقʂ३֬֨ÂϿ
ɦࢢτںࣀॠيۋԜݜьԦ֪֨՚ॠóԜডںࣷ
؊ॠيʂڿॣսەʪॠəۆԐĀ܁֨֟ࢰۆًॣں
ॢɰ. ćࠑইۤقԴۋԜݜÀьԦॠٕں˺ą҃ۻ
ࣷфʂڿقʂॢ֨ǣν١əɰڼęÏɰ. ইۤćࠑ
Ͽɦࢢτںࣀॠيćࠑʽʚۋࢢε֬֨ÂڷͿқԵॠ يěνşܵ࠘ٮҼİ३ȭڹąڍݓъࠞॠقʂॢۋ ԜݜͿࣺɳॢɰ. ۋԜݜͿࣺɳʽćࠑ܁҃قʂ ३ěνɳćѻą҃εЛۙԴҼ֟фۋϭێںۋڌॠي
ÁěνۙقóۻբॠČۋ˞ڹ३ɾćࠑۙΒεćࠑě νۻڌ॒ͿŔ͖ںࣀ३ćࠑ܁҃εঝۍॠČćࠑ܁҃
قʂॢঝۍфʂধۆεࣀ३ʂڿںսςॠي
ۋε ֨ॱॠó ʽɰ.
ইۤڏٖԐͻ
ڏٖԐͻ
ࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰۆ ڏٖʂԜڹ ݓъࠞॠ ćࠑں
ڦ३ԸॱٍĵʼرćࠑۋۋΘرݓČەəইۤۆć ࠑ֨֟ࢰ˞قʂॠيۺڌॠٕɰ. يşقəݓъäʴф
ࠞॠϿɦࢢτٍĵεڦ३ÌڙʪԘߍ֨ʪćڽێʂ ۆٍأݓъф߿ߔҚʪ߿ܳ֨ۋΪϸێʂۆݓъ҃
ÌėԐĵÂقԺ࠘ʽݓъࠞॠćࠑ֨֟ࢰۋप॥ʽɰ.
Ըॱٍĵɾ֨ইۤćࠑڹйՙݕʴϿɦࢢτ֨֟ࢰ
фɰ۾٣ʪϿɦࢢτ֨֟ࢰŔνČġԽڮćࠑ֨֟ࢰ ںࣀॠيćࠑۋۋΘرܐڷǣġԽڮćࠑ֨֟ࢰںࣀ
ॢćࠑսॱşÂۋܛΒʿڷͿۍॠيйՙݕʴćࠑф
ɰ۾٣ʪćࠑںۋڌॠيইۤڏٖۋ֬֨ʼؽɰ. Fig. 8 ڹÁćࠑşÀԺ࠘ʽڦ࠘εʪ֩জॠيǣࢍǴؽɰ.
Áćࠑşۆćࠑ२Ѐۆս͟ڹйՙݕʴćࠑۆąڍ
Fig. 9. Measurement data acquisition.
Fig. 10. Real-time monitoring window. (a) microseismic real-time monitoring (Gyeongdong coal mine), (b) temperature real-time monitoring (Geumgok mine).
6Òՙۆ֨߸ėقÁÁ2ՁқսݕşεԺ࠘ॠيߪ12 ÒۆćࠑՅԴقʂ३ćࠑں֬֨ॠٕڷ϶ɰ۾٣ʪ
ćࠑقə2Òՙۆ֨߸ėقÁÁ1 m ÂüڷͿ55Òۆ
٣ʪՅԴεԺ࠘ॠيߪ110ÒۆćࠑՅԴقʂ३ć ࠑں ॠٕɰ.
Fig. 8ęÏۋݓъäʴфݓъࠞॠεćࠑॠşڦ३
Ժ࠘ʽćࠑՅԴ˞قۆ३ࠑ܁ʽʚۋࢢəʚۋࢢͿä
εࣀ३սݚʼČۋəۍࢢȖфCDMAٮÏڹڮ·И Ըࣀ֪ںࣀ३ࣀ०ěνԴѣͿۻբʽɰ. ԴѣͿۻբʽ
ʚۋࢢəѻʪۆʚۋࢢսݚ॒ͿŔ͖ںࣀ३ʚۋࢢѮ ۋ֟জʼر۹ۤʽɰ. Fig. 9əࣀ०ěνԴѣۆۻڌʚ ۋࢢսݚ॒ͿŔ͖ڷͿćࠑʚۋࢢۆ۹ۤфćࠑ֨
֟ࢰѻͿʚۋࢢۻբěνٮȐ࣡ڗࡾ࣡͒ख़ěνε
ݓڙॠيʚۋࢢͿäٮࣀ०ěνԴѣÂق҃ɰ؋܁ۺ
Fig. 11. Analysis on anomalous event.
ۍ ʚۋࢢࣀ֪ں ॠʪ ॢɰ.
ڏٖইۤۆćࠑʚۋࢢقʂॢϿɦࢢτڹFig. 10 ęÏɰ. ইۤѻͿԺ࠘ʽćࠑşͿҙࢢۻբʽćࠑʚ ۋࢢقʂॢ֬֨Âćࠑ܁҃фইۤ܁҃, ćࠑş܁҃, ۋۻćࠑʚۋࢢقěॢ܁҃ˣইۤćࠑقԴڅĵʼə
ي͠ÀݓԐ२˞ںࣷ؊ॣսەɰ. Fig. 10ۆ(a)əą ʴġقԺ࠘ʽйՙݕʴćࠑںǣࢍǴČەڷ϶Fig.
10ۆ(b)əŚčġԓقԺ࠘ʽɰ۾٣ʪćࠑقʂॢϿ ɦࢢτজϸۋɰ. ࣀ०ćࠑěνۻڌ॒ͿŔ͖ںۋڌ३
ي͠ইۤۆćࠑ֨֟ࢰقʂॠيࣀ०ۺڷͿěνÀÀ ɠॠ϶, ݓ՚ۺۍ ćࠑ Āęε ֨ÂԜ(time-domain)ق
ʂॢŔ॒͒ͿǣࢍǸڷͿۍ३ԐڌۙÀ֖óࣷ؊ॣ
սەČ, ۋεս࠘জॠي܁ঝॢʚۋࢢÉںঝۍॣս
ەɰ.
̚ॢ, ćࠑʚۋࢢфইۤ܁҃εʚۋࢢѮۋ֟জ॥ڷ Ϳۍॠيćࠑěνقज़څॢϿ˜܁҃εٍćॠي҃
ɰমڱۺڷͿěνεॣսەɰ. Fig. 11ڹйՙݕʴۆ
֬֨Âćࠑ֨ۋԜݜقʂॢ֬֨ÂڦॹʪқԵں
ǣࢍǴČەɰ. ݕʴ֪ۆ߯ʂݕफۋأ0.02 mm/s ͿǣࢍǣəйՙॢۋԜݜÀFig. 11ۆ(a)قԴěࠑ ʼؽɰ. Ŕقʂॢ֬֨ÂқԵںࣀ३ۋԜݜʂॢ
ьԦڦ࠘фěνşܵق˰δڦॹʪεǣࢍǴČەɰ.
ćࠑşԺ࠘ڦ࠘ʪфथϸʪٮÏڹćࠑইۤقʂॢ
Ԑݕࣀ३ćࠑьԦڦ࠘ε҃يܹڷͿۋԜݜقʂ ॠي ěνۙÀ҃ɰ ֖ó ࣷ؊ॣ ս ەɰ.
Āę
ٍ҆ĵقԴ܃؋ॢࣀ०ěν֨֟ࢰںڏٖ३҆Āę
ݓъࠞॠćࠑěνقەرÁşɰδইۤćࠑقʂॢ
܁҃ε֬֨ÂڷͿঝۍۋÀɠॠٕڷ϶ŔͿۍ३ইۤ
܁҃фćࠑʚۋࢢقěνÀսښॠٕɰ. ̚ॢইۤԐ ݕфڦ࠘ʪ, थϸʪٮÏڹইۤقʂॢ܁҃ٮćࠑ
܁҃εٍć॥ڷͿԴইۤԜডقʂॢࣷ؊ۋ҃ɰڌۋ ॠٕɰ. Иؼ҃ɰʪ ĜЀॣχॢ ìڹ ݓъࠞॠ ćࠑں
ڦ३Ժ࠘ʽÁşɰδ֨֟ࢰۆćࠑʚۋࢢεࣀ०ॠي
֬֨ÂқԵ॥ڷͿ҃ɰ֪ՁۋȭڹĀęεʪॣ
սەɰ. ŔĀęεцڷͿݓъࠞॠقʂॢۋԜݜ
εܓşقьþॣսەؽČ, ҃ɰ֪՚ॢԜডۻࣷε
ࣀ३ ڦॹڅՙق ʂॠي ۺ֨ق ʂߌॣ ս ەؽɰ.
Ā
߯ŖݓъࠞॠقʂॢܳşۺۍćࠑфěνÀۋΘ رݓČ ەݓχ, şܕۆ ݓъࠞॠ ćࠑěνə Òѻۺۍ
ćࠑۙΒۆࠄ०ڷͿۍॢą܃ۺҼڌьԦ, ࢍćࠑ܁
҃ٮۆٍćՁҙܔۍॢÒѻۺۍқԵĀęʪф֬
֨ÂԜডۻࣷ֨֟ࢰۋĵ߹ʼرەݓ؍ڼڷͿ֪՚ॢ
ԜডۻࣷÀرͷɰ. ۋقԸॱٍĵεцڷͿşܕć ࠑěνۆЛ܃۾ںࣷ؊ॠČۋε३Āॠşڦॢࣀ०ć ࠑěν֨֟ࢰںĵ߹ॠČۺڌॢԐͻεࣀॠيݓъࠞ
ॠćࠑěνقەرŔقʂॢÀɠՁں؎؉҃ؕɰ. ҆
ٍĵقԴ܃؋ॢࣀ०ćࠑěν֨֟ࢰںۺڌ॥ڷͿۍ ॠيݓъࠞॠćࠑěνقەرԴɰڼęÏڹমęε
صںսەɰ. ߒݫəćࠑ܁҃фইۤ܁҃قʂॢė ڮεࣀ३ćࠑقەرԴڅĵʼəϿ˜܁҃˞ۋॠǣ ۆࣀ०ěνԴѣقԴʚۋࢢѮۋ֟জʿڷͿۍ३ي͠
ćࠑ֨֟ࢰںࣀ०ॢߕćۺۍěνÀÀɠॠɰ. ˆݫ əʚۋࢢۆćࠑфқԵۋ֬֨ÂڷͿۋΘرݓдͿ
ইۦݓъԜۆ؋܁Ձںࣷ؊ॠČॳäʴę؋܁Ձ ںٚࠑॠيڦॹÀɠՁۋەəąڍقəą҃, Ԝডۻ
ࣷεࣀॠي֪՚ॠČۺۼॢ҃ÌʂںÌĵॣսە ɰ. ՉݫəʚۋࢢěνфқԵڷͿۍ३ьԦʼəҼڌ ںܶێսەəą܃ۺۍমęəНÁşɰδ२Ѐ ۆćࠑşۆʚۋࢢεۻߕۺڷͿࣀ०ॠČۋεڙü܃
رÀÀɠॠдͿڮݓěνࠑϸۆমęʪşʂॣսە ɰ. ؘԴşցॢцٮÏۋۋ͠ॢڏٖঞąںşъڷͿ
ॠيݓъࠞॠćࠑ֨֟ࢰ˞ۆࣀ०ěνфćࠑĀęق
ʂॢқԵۙΒεমڱۺڷͿʪ॥ڷͿ׆ܛ͒ۆɳێ Ѐۺۆěνܼ֮ۆݓъࠞॠćࠑ֨֟ࢰۆॢćεѫر ǣࣀ०Òȝۆݓъࠞॠěν·ڏٖںƭ॥ڷͿ׆ݓъ
ࠞॠćࠑқآقԞͿڏः͠ɰے(paradigm)ڷͿԴ܁
ॣ ìڷͿ şʂʽɰ.
ԐԐ
ۋȦЛڹ2012țॢĶġ३ěνėɳڷͿҙࢢşցÒ ьԐغҼε ݓڙы؉ սॱʽ Ԑغں ࣀ३ ٍĵʼؽɰ.
ČЛॶ
Kim, J.Y., Kim, Y.S., Kwon, S.I., Kwon, H.I., Kim, J.H., Kang S.W., Jang, H.S., Kim T.H. and Kwon H.H., 2011,
“Development of Microseismic Monitoring and Analysis System for Prediction of Ground Subsidence,” Journal of The Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 764-774.
Kim, K.S., Bae, D.S., Koh, Y.K. and Kim J.Y., 2009,
“Microseismic Monitoring for KAERI Underground Research Tunnel,” The Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 139-144.
Kim, Y.G., Ahn, D.Y., Kang, D.W. and Han, B.W., 2008,
“Study on the Development of Ubiquitous-Based Landslide with a Debris Flow Monitoring System,” The Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 511-522.
Lines, L.R. and Treitel, S., 1984, “Tutorial-Review of least-squares in inversion and its application to geo-physical problems,” Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 32, pp. 157-186.
Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2010a, Detailed survey report of ground stability for geum-gok mine(micro seismic monitoring)
Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2010b, Installation report of thermal line sensor for geumjwa mine
Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2011, Development of optimum monitoring system for ground subsidence Suh, J.W, Choi, Y.S., Pa, H.D., Kwon, H.H., Yoon, S.H. and
Go, W.R., 2010, “Application of Frequency Ratio and Analytic Hierarchy Process to Subsidence Hazard Assess- ment around Abandoned Coal Mine,” Journal of The Korean Society for Geosystem Engineering, Vol. 47, No. 5, pp. 690-704.
Wong, J., Han, L., Stewart, R.R. and Bancroft, J.C., 2009,
“Geophysical well logs from a shallow test well and automatic time-picking on full-waveform sonic logs,”
CSEG Recorder, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 20-29.
ணવ
ইۦ (ܳ)ՙؒ࠸Ժࢤ࣡ ʂशۋԐ (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
֫নଵ
ইۦ (ܳ)ՙؒ࠸Ժࢤ࣡ ʂν (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
෮
ইۦ ąҚʂॡİ ITʂॡ ۻۙėॡҙ ܓİս (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
ୋාজ
ইۦ ॢĶġ३ěνėɳ ġ३şցٍĵՙ ٍĵڙ (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
֫෮
1990țѓբࣀ֪ʂॡİѪॡęѪॡԐ 1998ț ۙڙěνşցԐ
2007ț Ìڙʂॡİ ԵԐę܁
2009ț Ìڙʂॡİ ġ३ݓъѓۦॡę
ԵԐ
ইۦ ġ३ěνėɳ ۋԐ (E-mail; [email protected])
କন
ইۦ (ܳ)ՙؒ࠸Ժࢤ࣡ ۋԐ (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
֫෴ଵ
ইۦ (ܳ)ՙؒ࠸Ժࢤ࣡ ʂν (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
Գ
ইۦ ąҚʂॡİ ITʂॡ ۻۙėॡҙ İս (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧48嘳G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
෭
1992ț Դڐʂॡİ ۙڙėॡę ॡԐ 1994țԴڐʂॡİʂॡڙۙڙėॡę
ԵԐ
1999țԴڐʂॡİʂॡڙۙڙėॡę чԐ
ইۦ ġ३ěνėɳ ؒъėॡٍĵࣳ ࣳۤ
(E-mail; [email protected])
