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A Hybrid Active Power Filter for Electric-Railway Systems using Multi-Level Inverters

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A Hybrid Active Power Filter for Electric-Railway Systems using Multi-Level Inverters

* ** ** **

Kim, Yoon-Ho Kim, Soo-Hong Rho, Sung-Chan Lee, Kang-Hee

--- ABSTRACT

This paper proposes transformerless power conversion system consisting of a single-phase diode rectifier and a shunt hybrid filter for the electric-railway system. The hybrid filter consists of a single tuned LC filter per a phase and a low-rated NPC type multi-level inverter. Compared with conventional active filters. Transformers are not used. Also, LC filter works as not only a harmonic filter tuned at the 5th harmonic frequency but also a switching-ripple filter. The rating of the active filter can be decreased by using a NPC type multi-level inverter.

The simulation results confirm the validity of the system

---

1.

. 2, 3 SCR

,

. , LC

. ,

[1]. feeder section

, inductive feeder (reactive)

. , feeder

. .

, . 4

PWM ,

[2].

. ,

[3]. ,

. .

.

* ,

** ,

(2)

, . -

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, , 3

[4].

. 1

V

s

V

c

V

s

= V

c

+ jI

c

X

s

. I

c

, X

c

L

s

.

(b)

(a) (c)

1.

(a)

(b) (Leading current) (c) (Lagging current)

DC (MI : Modulation Index)

V

c

.

. ,

. , PWM (type 1)

(type 2) .

2. NPC

2.1

(a) (b) (type 1)

2.

(3)

2 (a) (b)

. (a) - , (b)

- [5].

- ,

.

- .

3 . SPWM

[6].

3. NPC (type 2)

2.2 NPC

4 NPC . DC

V

dc

/2 , PWM V

dc

/2

. ( S

a1

, S

a3

)( S

a2

, S

a4

),

.

, .

4. NPC

, ,

5 . 3

.

(Damping Filter) .

(4)

(a) (b) 5.

2.3 PWM

PWM DC

SVPWM( PWM) PWM . SVPWM

.

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, . ,

- - .

m

a

, m

f

[5].

m C f

C m a

f m f

A m m A

=

= − ) 1 (

(1)

, f

C

A

C

, f

m

A

m

.

Carrier 1 Carrier 2 Reference Signal

0

0

0 Signal 1

Signal 2

6.

6 3 . (signal 1,2)

(reference signal) (carrier 1,2) .

PWM 10kHz .

(5)

3.

7 .

(feedback control) - (feed-forward control) .

dc , LC 3

. 5 .

(a) (b)

7.

LC .

.

. 6(b) V

ch

I

Lh

,

Z

F

LC .

I

sh

.

Lh F s

F

sh

I

Z sL I Z

= +

(2)

, I

sh

, Z

F

, I

Lh

, , . ,

s h

L

ω Z

F

.

I

sh

, V

TH

, V

Fh

.

Lh F s Fh F

Lh F s

F TH s

Lh F s sh F

Z I sL K V KZ

Z I sL K

Z V sL

Z I sL K I Z

+

= +

+

− +

=

+

= +

(3)

, K >> Z

F

, LC . K

.

(6)

sh Lh F ch

sh TH sh

V I Z V

V V

I

+

=

=

= 0

(4)

PWM -

. - PWM

. - ,

1/2 .

, .

, . -

.

4.

1 NPC .

25kV 1/10 2.4kV .

3 180Hz , 10kHz .

1.

PWM DC 480V . .

,

10 . , .

8 1 PWM (type 1) NPC (type

2) .

(a) PWM (type 1)

Supply Voltage 2400 V

Line Frequency 60 Hz

Power System Inductance Ls 0.3 mH

Filter Capacitor 195.4 uF

Filter Inductor 4 mH

DC Bus Voltage of the active filter 480 V

(7)

(b) (type 2) 8.

Vin (2.4kV), I_load(400A) , I_invaf(200A)

, Iin(200A) .

(a) PWM (type 1) (b) (type 2)

9. FFT

9 PWM FFT

.

(a) PWM (type 1) (b) (type 2)

10.

(8)

10 . (a) PWM

(b) .

, 1/2 ,

.

5.

. LC - NPC

, LC 3 ,

.

, PWM

- .

1. Rivas, D.; Moran, L.; Dixon, J.W.; Espinoza, J.R. "Improving passive filter compensation performance with active techniques" Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on ,50 ,1 ,2003, Pages:161 170

2. Tan, P.C.; Loh, P.C.; Holmes, D.G.; “A robust multilevel hybrid compensation system for 25kV electrified railway

applications" Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03. IEEE 34th Annual Conference on , Volume: 3 , 15-19 June 2003, Pages:1020 - 1025 vol.3

3. Libano, F.B.; Simonetti, D.S.L.; Uceda, J.; "Frequency characteristics of hybrid filter systems" Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1996. PESC '96 Record., 27th Annual IEEE ,2 ,June 1996, Pages:1142 - 1148 vol

4. Jih-Sheng Lai; Fang Zheng Peng; "Multilevel converters-a new breed of power converters" Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on ,32 ,3 ,1996 Pages:509 517

5. Srianthumrong, S.; Akagi, H. "A medium-voltage transformerless AC/DC power conversion system consisting of a diode rectifier and a shunt hybrid filter" Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on,39,3,2003, Pages:874 8

6. Tolbert, L.M.; Habetler, T.G.; "Novel multilevel inverter carrier-based PWM methods" Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on ,35 ,5 ,1999 Pages:1098 - 1107

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