• 검색 결과가 없습니다.

Plasmon slot waveguides : Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM)

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "Plasmon slot waveguides : Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM)"

Copied!
22
0
0

로드 중.... (전체 텍스트 보기)

전체 글

(1)

Plasmon slot waveguides : Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM)

Plasmon slot waveguides:

Towards chip-scale propagation with subwavelength-scale localization

J. A. Dionne,* L. A. Sweatlock, and H. A. Atwater (caltech, USA) Phy. Rev. B, Vol.73, 035407 (2006)

Insulator 1 x

z y

Metal 2

Metal 2 d

(2)

Insulator 1 x

z y

Metal 2

Metal 2 d

( ,0,x z) (0, y,0) E E E B B

(0, y,0) ( ,0,x z) E E B B B

(3)
(4)

Mode L+

Mode L- Tangential (Ex)

Electric Field Profiles

(TM modes)

(5)

ab : antisymmetric bound

sb : Symmetric bound

(infinite d)

(infinite d)

Tangential (Ex) Electric Field Profiles

Insulator 1

x z y

Metal 2 Metal 2 d

d = 100 nm d = 250 nm

(6)

(infinite d)

IMI MIM

(7)

(infinite d)

conventional

waveguide modes In SiO2 core

SP modes SP modes

D = 250 nm

ab sb

(8)

(infinite d)

conventional

waveguide modes within E ~ 1 eV

SP modes

D = 100 nm

Sb

(9)

The dispersion of the 50-nm-thick sample lies completely to the left of the decoupled SP mode.

Low-energy asymptotic behavior follows a light line of n = 1.5.

It suggests that polariton modes of MIM more highly sample the imaginary dielectric component.

In the low energy limit, the SbSP truly represent a photon trapped on the metal surface.

s b SP : D = 50 nm 30 nm 25 nm 12 nm

Insulator 1 x

z y

Metal 2

Metal 2 d

(10)

a b SP :

Purely plasmonic nature of the mode

The cutoff frequencies remains essentially unchanged, possibly by the Goos-Hanchen effect.

As waveguide dimensions are decreased, energy densities are more highly concentrated at the metal surface. This enhanced field magnifies Goss-Hanchen contributions significantly.

In the limit of d << s (skin depth), complete SP dephasing could result.

D = 50 nm 30 nm 25 nm 12 nm

(11)

( D = 250 nm ) MIM (Ag/SiO

2

/Ag) TM-polarized propagation and skin depth

Forbidden band

a

b

s

b

Note that only a slight relation correlation between propagation distance and skin depth ().

The metal absorption is not the limiting loss mechanism in MIM structures.

(infinite d) 80 m

15 m

20 nm

(12)

( D = 12 nm, 20 nm, 35 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm ) MIM (Ag/SiO

2

/Ag) TM-polarized propagation and skin depth

a b s b

 ~ 20 nm

Evanescent within 10 nm for all wavelength Approximately constant in the Ag cladding.

Thus, MIM can achieve micron-scale propagation with nanometer-scale confinement.

Local minima corresponding to the transition between quasibound modes and radiation modes

Unlike IMI, extinction (prop. distance) is determined not by ohmic loss (metal absorption) but by field interference upon phase shifts induced by the metal.

(13)

TE modes in MIM structures

(~ 4 eV: ~300 nm)

(14)

d = 250 nm d = 100 nm

EM energy density profiles of MIM structures (Ag/SiO2/Ag)

(15)
(16)

Geometries and materials

for subwavelength surface plasmon modes

Rashid Zia, Mark D. Selker, Peter B. Catrysse, and Mark L. Brongersma J. Opt. Soc. Am. A/Vol. 21, No. 12/December 2004, 2442-2446.

We demonstrate that, to achieve subwavelength pitches, a metal–insulator–metal geometry is required

with higher confinement factors and smaller spatial extent than conventional insulator–metal–insulator structures.

The resulting trade-off between propagation and confinement for surface plasmons is discussed,

and optimization by materials selection is described.

(17)

Consider the isotropic wave equation for

a generic three-layer plasmonic slab waveguide with metallic and dielectric regions,

For a guided surface-plasmon mode to exist,

where z is the propagation direction and thus kz is the conserved quantity.

If the radiation is unconfined in the y dimension (i.e., k y = 0),

(18)

Confinement of the MIM structure is limited by the decay length into the metallic regions, which can be approximated as follows for metals below the surface-plasmon resonance:

Note that this condition is met only near the surface plasmon resonance frequency. Ultimate confinement of the IMI structure is limited by the decay length into the dielectric cladding. For confinement below the limit of a conventional dielectric waveguide (/2n),

2x (1/kx,dielectric ) < (/2n)

 

2 1/ 2

1/ 2 ,

metal

x metal d

metal d

k c c

   

 

 

    

(19)

Power confinement factor () of field-symmetric TM modes

- MIM and IMI plasmonic waveguides - (Au–air,  = 1.55 m)

99.4%

2%

If plasmonic waveguides are intended to propagate light in subwavelength modes, MIM geometries with higher confinement factors and shorter spatial extents are much better suited for this purpose.

(20)
(21)

2007/5/1 ~

an optical range resonator based on single mode metal-insulator-metal plasmonic gap waveguides.

A small bridge between the resonator and the input waveguide can be used to tune the resonance frequency.

FDTD with the perfectly matched layer boundary conditions

(22)

참조

관련 문서

Metal automotive parts Rubber and plastic Metal product Food products

The total charge density from the metal surface and specifically adsorbed anions in inner layer is equal to the charge from solvated ions in diffuse layer. σ metal + σ inner =

That is, high-class farms are much more beneficial to adopt point system because they marked more higher sales income in the cooperative pooling system than

 Enhancement of Formability  Microstructure control : Metal forming by applying electric current during deformation Electrically-Assisted Manufacturing

ƒ Reduction (환원) : reduction of metal oxides using gases such as.. ƒ Reduction (환원) : reduction of metal oxides using gases such as hydrogen

Among mixed metal halogen compounds, mixed fluorine compounds are of important interest, including their physical properties, chemical properties,

A substance as germanium or silicon whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal (like copper) and an insulator (like rubber); More importan t of

 Nearer in time to the eventual market -&gt; better at forecasts with shorter TTM..  Can use newer (more advanced) technology ( ) gy with