Properties of the Variation of Fe and Mn in the Vicinity of Soil Affected by Forest Fire for the Development of Technics that Reduces Forest Fire-induced 2nd Damage from Gangwon Provinces, Korea

전체 글

(1) , 35, 3 , 285-297, 2002 Econ. Environ. Geol., 35(3), 285-297, 2002.

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(4) . . . . Properties of the Variation of Fe and Mn in the Vicinity of Soil Affected by Forest Fire for the Development of Technics that Reduces Forest Fire-induced 2nd Damage from Gangwon Provinces, Korea Dong-Yoon Yang1, Ju-Yong Kim1, Keun-Chang Oh1*, Wook-Hyun Nam1 and Chung-Han Yoon2 1. Dept. of Geology Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Taejon 305-350, Korea Dept. of Mineral and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea. 2. This study was carried out to prove the factor properties of the soil affected by a forest fire through the physical and chemical analysis and the data from the conclusion of those analysis are applied to the development of technics that reduces a forest fire-induced 2nd damage. The forest fire was in December 2000 at Gangreung city and Donghae city, Gangwon provinces, Korea. Soil samples were collected at upper layers (0-5 cm) and bottom layers (5-40 cm) in November 2001 from the burned and control sites. Values of pH in burned soils of the upper layers affected by forest fire are higher than those in control soils. Both the fragments of fire-burned plant and differences of geological properties are resulted in a class of soil. Contents of organic matters in burned soils are higher than those in control soils, exceptionally the contents of organic matters in burned soils that contain coaly shale are lower than those in control soils. Weathering indices in burned soils are higher than those in control soils and it concerned with loss of soil. Iron ions (Fe2+ or Fe3+) are easily extracted from the burned soils by rainfall, but Mn ions are straightly exist in the burned soils by physiochemical adsorption of colloid. Through the sequential extraction in the burned soils and control soils, we are certificate the extraction of Fe ions and the disturbance of Mn ions from the burned soils. As a consequence of factor analysis in burned soil and control soil, we are certificate that the influence of forest fire results in a disturbance of positive correlation factors.. weathering indices, Iron ions, Mn ions, sequential extraction, factor analysis.

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(60). Range and average value of the characteristics in burned soils and control soils from the studied area. Samples. A. Characteristics. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. -. -. slope. range average. 18.035.0 18.032.0 24.036.0 25.030.0 22.035.0 24.031.0 26.4 25.0 27.2 27.8 27.5 27.6. pH. range average. 5.246.34 5.255.46 5.355.82 4.905.31 5.877.30 5.676.09 5.18~6.04 5.54~5.91 5.70 5.36 5.54 5.13 6.41 5.83 5.62 5.71. Organic matters range (%) average. 5.4110.5 5.007.55 5.9215.6 7.8014.6 4.6517.6 6.458.72 4.64~7.39 4.29~6.94 7.14 6.16 9.34 12.3 8.42 7.62 5.80 5.86. Al2O3(%). range average. 7.7816.0 13.314.6 9.8012.4 9.4911.9 9.4914.8 14.618.8 10.9~16.0 11.9~23.8 11.8 14.2 11.2 10.4 12.4 15.8 13.4 15.3. K2O(%). range average. 3.998.64 5.3910.1 1.662.78 1.692.14 1.793.00 1.902.45 1.99~3.64 2.163.32 6.31 8.07 1.97 1.85 2.26 2.13 2.55 2.67. Na2O(%). range average. 1.233.19 1.041.50 0.521.24 0.640.82 0.541.08 0.390.67 0.41~1.01 0.66~0.85 1.84 1.25 0.75 0.74 0.72 0.51 0.66 0.76. total Fe(%). range average. 1.142.18 1.441.72 1.682.80 1.781.90 2.054.73 2.893.98 2.39~5.32 3.25~5.14 1.51 1.55 2.16 1.85 3.04 3.36 4.08 4.12. total Mn (ppm). range average. 186666 364. WI. range average. 1.111.78 1.251.96 3.005.24 3.204.82 3.234.94 5.327.84 3.25~4.99 3.62~5.97 1.46 1.58 4.20 4.06 4.21 6.03 4.25 4.42. 180294 1981254 276342 4261572 312744 246 437 310 817 479. 144~1224 393. 336~426 389. Abbreviations are A: burned soil of hyangho-ri, B: control soil of hyangho-ri, C: burned soil of Yimgok-ri, D: control soil. of Yimgok-ri, E: burned soil of the upper layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, F: control soil of the upper layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, G: burned soil of the bottom layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, H: control soil of the bottom layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, and WI: Weathering Index.. & z (. %% h` 3 !c i;! !jWkl & z (. %% Ý E' Ó 5 )6 . c ^_` w´ (7 R' z (B . 5 Ø Ë z-9 *

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(74) . Physical and chemical properties of soil from the studied area. Abbreviations are 1: burned soil of hyangho-ri, 2: control soil of hyangho-ri, 3: burned soil of Yimgok-ri, 4: control soil of Yimgok-ri, 5: burned soil of the upper layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, 6: control soil of the upper layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, 7: burned soil of the bottom layer from the site of Mangyang-dong, 8: control soil of the bottom layer from the site of Mangyang-dong.. E' (~¥5. . :; ?T T ?L : ; oõB : )Q3 -H ). ·O q. Ë: ò z/ -9 Ý¥ 5 :; ?L opE' © ©1 » ·O Φ q. Φ ä Ë: Φ Ïo/1 -9 ¬%à }1 )G-d :1 0W Ý-9 o1 È 45 :; T$ :;t ,ÿk#

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(110) . Fe (ppm). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A. range average. 14.2308 136. 20.133.8 29.0. 45.2151 80.1. 72.2194 136. 816320887 11582. B. range average. 8.60151 79.1. 36.641.7 39.2. 50.169.4 58.6. 82.4111 96.6. 754912974 10790. C. range average. 67.4271 162. 10.849.6 34.3. 85.0264 157. 755935 825. 1389628548 18204. D. range average. 14.0122 77.8. 17.529.4 24.2. 56.4270 136. 726937 806. 1276213522 13262. E. range average. 45.9266 123. 1.9212.3 6.11. 78.6177.9 123.4. 145244 193. 1876549869 31535. F. range average. 18.0179.7 69.7. 60.2106 81.4. 152195 176. 11.159.4 30.4. 1757742444 32108. range average. 2.1618.6 11.5. 81.5124.8 105.7. G. 51.4223 108.7. 0.5617.4 11.4. 2108766600 39780. H. range average. 86.3161 126.9. 0.889.60 4.75. 67.7127 94.7. 19.078.4 44.8. 2549248060 35002. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. range average. 6.0834.2 20.7. 5.0451.9 16.4. 12.578.5 44.4. 8.6233.8 21.6. 43.2299 152. range average range average. 8.7619.3 11.5 3.8037.8 15.6. 4.328.08 6.18 6.8829.2 13.1. 6.8820.0 12.1 9.90145 41.6. 4.608.88 7.32 5.5024.7 10.9. 84.6169 114 101140 123. D. range average. 7.8852.3 19.5. 8.0816.6 14.3. 16.526.4 22.4. 7.3615.7 11.6. 108122 113. E. range average. 5.4427.3 10.0. 8.8023.0 13.5. 51.1367 161. 26.648.1 35.1. 128218 155. F. range average. 0.923.48 1.99. 6.3213.4 10.8. 30.8104 67.1. 17.440.1 31.9. 110268 161. G. range average. 6.0016.8 8.97. 7.9210.8 9.37. 7.66498 83.5. 5.929.74 7.61. 93.6205 143. H. range average. 4.528.08 6.50. 7.8410.1 8.80. 18.489.3 39.5. 5.768.40 6.64. 95.4234 146. Mn (ppm) A B C. 1: Exchangeable fraction, 2: Carbonate or specially absorbed fraction, 3: Fe and Mn oxides fraction, 4: Organic and sulphides fraction, 5: Residual fraction. AH are same as Table 1.. # z-5 i¤$ )7 Ò x$ k' fÈ7 ;E' g6B Xh yn [ i <LR ò i¤ª1 -? -H = _6FG ªFG ,D k) H =¹ t § R\

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(127) . R-mode factor analysis for the burned soils and control soils in the surface (0-5) from the studied area. Principal Components. burned soils. Elements of positive factor loading. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. Mn-pH -. 2.34 1.45. 39.01 24.11. Varimax. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. Fe-pH Organic matters-Mn. 2.16 1.62. 39.01 24.11. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. Fe-pH-Mn-WI Organic matters-slope. 3.13 1.54. 52.15 25.75. Varimax. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. Fe-pH-Mn-WI Organic matters-slope. 3.13 1.55. 52.15 25.75. Principal Components. control soils. Eigen value. R-mode factor analysis for the burned soils and control soils in the subsurface(5-40) from the vicinity of Donghae Service Area of Donghae city..

(128) . Principal Components burned soils. Elements of positive factor loading Fe-WI-Organic matters-(Mn)-(pH) -. 3.65 -. 72.98 -. Varimax. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). -. Rotation not possible with 1 factor.. -. -. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. WI-Mn-Organic matters-(pH) -. 2.98 1.28. 59.62 25.53. Varimax. Elements of positive factor loading. Eigen value. Proportion (%). Factor 1 Factor 2. Organic matters-Mn-WI Fe-(pH). 2.25 2.01. 59.62 25.53. ' ?# ) D ' oõÐ. o ² ÈÑ/1 Ót3 45 h6Ó z à:c~

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