Vol. 49, No. 1 O2012PG pp. 26-36
ֈࢄॺฃࠜଲඍֈࢠଭੲ୨ฃళࠤࢫ$0
ճ୨ฃ׆ొ֜
ଲ෮శ
 ࢢլ
 ଲথ
A Fundamental Study on Stabilization and CO
2Fixation of Mine Tailings Using Mineral Carbonation
Hyun-Cheol Lee, Kyoung-Won Min and Won-Sup Lee
Abstract : Hydrated lime is used for stabilization of mine tailings in order to increase pH and reduce heavy metal release. A test was conducted to verify the possibility of transition of stable carbonate minerals, CO2 fixation, and reduction of heavy metal concentration using mineral carbonation for lime stabilization. Optimum conditions were selected through the carbonation test of hydrated lime, and mineral carbonation of the Songcheon tailings were tested separately without and with addition of lime. Decarbonation reaction and CaCO3 crystals were not observed in the CO2-reacted tailings without addition of lime, heavy metal concentration of reacted solution showed higher concentration than water quality standard. Calcite crystals and XRD peak were observed in the all CO2-reacted tailings with addition of lime, but due to the influence of heavy metals and impurities, loss of weight(1.49%) through decarbonation reaction occurred in the only sample reacted for 60 minutes. Heavy metal concentration of reacted solution and CO2-reacted tailing-lime mixture showed lower than the toxicity criteria.
Consequently mineral carbonation of tailings with addition of lime showed the potential possibility of CO2 fixation and reduction of heavy metal elution.
Key words : Mine tailings, Stabilization, Mineral carbonation, CO2 Fixation, Heavy metal
څ أदġԓġйۆ؋܁জߌν֨pHεȭۋČܼŚ՚ڌں۹ÇॠşڦॠيՙԵধÀψۋԐڌʽɰ.
ՙԵধεۋڌॢ؋܁জߌνė܁قġНԓজߌνεۺڌॠي҃ɰ؋܁ॢԜۍԓّġНͿۻঞ֨
ࢉęʴ֨قCO2εČ܁জॠČܼŚ՚ڌں۹Ç֨࢈սەəÀɠՁںঝۍॠşڦॠيԓজ֬ॹں֬֨
ॠٕɰ. ՙԵধۙߕۆԓজъڿՁ֬ॹںࣀ३߯ۺۆܓæںԸ܁ॠٕČ, բߎġԓۆġйεʂԜڷͿՙԵ ধεߐÀॠݓ؍ڹìęߐÀॢìڷͿĵқॠيԓজߌνε֬֨ॠٕɰ. ֬ॹĀęՙԵধεߐÀॠݓ؍ڹ
֨Βəԓজъڿۋäۆǣࢍǣݓ؍ؕČCaCO3Ā܁ۋěʼݓ؍ؕڷ϶, ъڿؚۆܼŚ՚ȬʪÀşܵ
࠘ۋԜڷͿêʼؽɰ. ՙԵধεߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢ֨Βۆąڍѓ३ԵĀ܁ępeakÀěʼؽڷǣ
ܼŚ՚фҝտНۆٖॳڷͿ60қÂъڿ֨ࢇ֨ΒقԴχԓজъڿقۆ३أ1.49%ۆИóÇ͟ۋێرǮ ɰ. ̚ॢъڿؚфदşНė܁֨ॹѪق˰δܼŚ՚ڌ֬ॹĀęşܵ࠘ۋॠۆǰڹȬʪεǣࢍǻɰ. Āę ۺڷͿՙԵধεߐÀॢġйۆԓজߌνεࣀ३CO2Č܁জфܼŚ՚ڌ۹ÇۋÀɠॢìڷͿǣࢍǮɰ.
ܳڅر दġй, ؋܁জ, ġНԓজ, CO2 Č܁জ, ܼŚ՚
2011ț12ښ28ێۿս, 2012ț2ښ15ێ֮ԐٰΒ 2012ț2ښ22ێóۦঝ܁
1) Ìڙʂॡİėęʂॡقȃݓ·ۙڙėॡę
*Corresponding Author(лąڙ) E-mail; [email protected]
Address; Department of Energy & Resource Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-701, Korea
Դ
2010ț ڍνǣ͆ۆ ۋԓজՙ ѕ͟ڹ 5ز 9ߎχ
ࢻڷͿ2009țʂҼ9.3% ݒÀॠيՃć7ڦεş॰
ɰ. ̚ॢ2010țۻՃćۋԓজՙѕ͟ڹأ330ز
ࢻڷͿ2009țقҼॠيأ5% ݒÀ॰ɰ. ০ڍνǣ
͆ۆ1ۍɾۋԓজՙѕ͟ڹ12.3 ࢻڷͿܳ, й Ķ, ࠪǣɰقۋر4ڦεş॰ɰ(Olivier et al., 2011).
ۋə2020țҙࢢۆИÇ߹ʂԜĶق३ɾʼəڍνǣ͆
ۆ֮Áॢই֬ں҃يܳČەɰ. ܁ҙٮěʹşغߕə
ݓǦ2010ț11ښ22ێॢĶۋԓজՙपݚф۹ۤঊ ধ(KCCSA)ε ė֩ ѩॠٕČ, CCS(Carbon Capture
& Storage) ԐغقěॢşցÒьф҃śߤݕںЀशͿ
ٍĵȦЛ
Table 1. Solubility of commercial limes in water (g/100 g)
T() CaO Ca(OH)2
0 0.140 0.185
10 0.133 0.176
20 0.125 0.165
25 0.120 0.159
30 0.116 0.153
40 0.106 0.140
50 0.097 0.128
60 0.088 0.116
70 0.079 0.104
80 0.070 0.092
90 0.061 0.081
100 0.054 0.071
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of mineral carbonation reactor.
ڏٖʼČ ەɰ.
ইۦۋԓজՙपݚф۹ۤقěʹʽşցڹьۻ ՙ, ܃ߏՙˣقԴѕʼəCO2εʂşܼۋ؉ɨ۹ۤ
ՙق۹ۤॠəݔۿ۹ۤşց, पݚʽCO2ۆսբ, ݓݗ ॡۺۍѓѪںࣀॢݓܼ۹ۤ, ३Ԝ۹ۤ, ԓّġНͿ ۆۻঞ, ՙεप॥ॠəɰتॢজėأुˣڷͿۻঞ
֨ࢅəşցˣɰتॢşցͿĵՁʼرەɰ(ٖۤǫˣ, 2008; IPCC, 2005). ০ԓّġНͿۻঞॠəşց ۍġНԓজşցڹCaٮMg Ձқںप॥ॠəġН ںۋڌॠيCO2εъڿ֨ࡈԓّġНͿۻঞ֨ࢅə
şցͿ(Goldberg, 2001), CaٮMg Ձқںɰ͟॥ڮॢ
НݗęCO2À֟εݔۿъڿ֨ࡈԓজ֨ࢅəݔۿ
ԓজѓѪęԓę؎ࠥνڌؚںۋڌॠيНݗܼۆCa ٮMg Ձқں߸ॢˏCO2ٮъڿ֨ࢅəÂۿԓ জѓѪ, ࠞÌՁԓࠥ֜ۆԦՁęÏۋCO2ۆ۹ÇЀ ۺۋ؉ɨԓّۆԦՁۋЀۺۍşࢍė܁ںप॥ॠ يՃÀݓͿқΪʽɰ(սߎˣ, 2009). ġНԓজ
şցڹԓںप॥ॠəНݗܼԓّġНۋًَॡۺ ڷͿÀۤ؋܁ॢԜۋş˺ЛقÀ࠘ەə۹ۤşց ͿथÀʼ϶(Huijgen and Comans, 2003), ԓজъڿ ۋьَъڿۋş˺Лقٽۺۍَۆėśۋज़څػČ,
ԓজъڿقۋڌÀɠॢߎٍġНۙڙۋॄҙॠɰə
ۤ۾ۋ ەɰ(Goff and Lackner, 1998). ̚ॢ ҙԓԵČ (ۻ࠘ঞˣ, 2010), दࡓࡾν࣡(؋ৠՁˣ, 2011), Ԧটद şНՙÁцɱۦ(ťȤчˣ, 2010; Ϊܵˣ, 2010; ع ǫێˣ, 2009), ֢͒Ŕ(Huijgen et al., 2004; Stolaroff et al., 2005; Uliasz-Bochenczyk, 2007) ˣۆदşНں
ۋڌ॥ڷͿ׆ą܃ۺۍۦটڌфঞąۺমęεصں
սەɰ. ъϸইۦşցսܵۋߣşɳćͿ҇սەČ, ԜʂۺڷͿܼՙőϿۆCO2ߌνقۺ०ॠ϶, ߌνҼڌ ۋȭڹìۋɳ۾ڷͿ ܕۦॢɰ(սߎ ˣ, 2009).
दġԓġйܼێҙəǰڹpHٮȭڹܼŚ՚Ȭʪε
ǣࢍǴş˺ЛقڍսٮݓॠսˣۆٖॳڷͿܼŚ՚ۆ
ڮͿۍ३ܳѺঞąں١ّ֨ࢅəܳڅڙۍڷͿۚ
ڌॠČەɰ. ۋ͠ॢġйεߌνॠəѓѪڷͿՙԵধ εۋڌॢČজ/؋܁জߌν(ۋইߏˣ, 2009), ՙԵধ ٮНڮνεۋڌॠيġйࠗԜɳقČজࠗںՁ֨ࡈ
ġйεߌνॠəѓѪ(؋ܳՁˣ, 2010) ˣġйεČ
জ/؋܁জߌνॠəąڍCa ՁқۋܳεۋΘəՙԵ ধ, ԦԵধˣۋܳͿԐڌʽɰ. ˰͆Դٍ҆ĵقԴə
ġйٮԵধۆঔ०ę܁قԓজė܁ںۺڌॠيĀę ۺڷͿԓّġНںԦՁ֨ࡈ҃ɰ؋܁ॢԜͿۻঞ
֨ࢅČ ܼŚ՚ۆ ڌ۹Ç ф ԓজė܁ق ˰δ CO2
Č܁জ Àɠ يҙεěॠČۙ ॠٕɰ.
ٍĵѓѪфĀę
ՙԵধъڿՁ֬ॹ
ێъۺڷͿġйε؋܁জॠşڦॠيԐڌʼəԵধ ΪəՙԵধ(Ca(OH)2)ٮԦԵধ(CaO)Àەɰ. ՙԵধٮ
ԦԵধəҼܼ, нʪˣۆş҆ۺՁڹڮԐॠǣ٣ʪ ق˰δڌ३ʪۋ(Table 1)Àەڷ϶٣ʪÀݒÀॣ
սڌ३ʪəÇՙॢɰ(National Lime Association, 2007).
ٍ҆ĵقԴəێъۺڷͿڌ३ʪÀܓŚʌȭڹՙ Եধεۋڌॠٕڷ϶֬Ǵ٣ʪٮÀūڏ20εъڿ ٣ʪͿԺ܁ॠٕɰ. ՙԵধۆъڿՁ֬ॹڹşܕۆĶ Ǵ ġНԓজ ٍĵĀę(ٖۤǫ ˣ, 2009; ؋ৠՁ ˣ, 2011)ε цڷͿİъ՚ʪٮ CO2 ܳۓ͟ںۺڌॠي
֬ॹॠٕɰ(Fig. 1).
Fig. 2. pH variation of reacted solution during mineral carbonation of hydrated lime.
Fig. 3. Thermogravimetric analysis of hydrated lime after mineral carbonation.
Fig. 4. XRD patterns of hydrated lime and CO2-reacted hydrated limes in terms of CO2 input rate and stirring speed. Ca: Calcite, Po: Portlandite.
֬ॹقəşࢍۋ٣ۆÂԾںɳॠşڦॠي3ݒ Ϊսεۋڌॠٕڷ϶, 1 ˜ ڌ͟ۆҼۋ࠶قݒΪս500 gęՙԵধ0.825gںঔ०ॠيİъ՚ʪ(200 rpm, 450 rpm)ٮCO2ܳۓ͟(0.3 ˜/min, 0.5 ˜/min)ںɵνॠيߪ
ȐÀݓܓæڷͿÁÁ20қÂъڿ֨ࡎɰ. ъڿॠəʴ
؋CO2À֟ۆқԓমڱфߕΪ֨Âںݒݕ֨ࢅşڦॠ يࣷ͆ज़ζڷͿҼۋ࠶Ԝҙεнद֨ࡎڷ϶, ъڿ֨Â ʴ؋1қÂüڷͿpHεࠑ܁ॠيъڿՁѺজεě
ॠٕɰ. ъڿيęݓεۋڌॠيČߕٮؚߕεқν ॠٕڷ϶қνʽČߕεæܓॠيَܼ͟(TG-DTA) қ ԵęXRD, ܳԐۻۙইйą(FE-SEM)/EDS қԵں֬֨
ॠٕɰ.
ъڿę܁قԴ1қÂüڷͿpHεࠑ܁ॢĀę(Fig. 2) 20қÂъڿ֨ࢇՙԵধۆpHə߯ߣأ12.4قԴ5қ
ۋǴقpH 6 ܁ʪͿśüॠóǰ؉ݓəتԜںٕ҃ڷ
϶5қۋͿəäۆێ܁ॢԜεڮݓॠٕɰ. ۋə
CO2 À֟ÀНقڌ३ʼϸԴpHÀǰ؉ݓČ5қۋ
قəսܼۆCO2ȬʪÀपজʼرʌۋԜǰ؉ݓݓ؍
əìڷͿٚԜʼ϶ȐÀݓܓæϿ˃äۆڮԐॢĀ ęε ǣࢍǻɰ.
َܼ͟қԵڹTG-DTAۤҼ(2020SA, Bruker)εۋڌ ॠيݗՙÀ֟ঞąقԴ؎ΘйɔʪÀɦق֨ΒεȏČ
0ҙࢢқɾ10900ūݓԜ֧֨ࡈқԵں֬֨
ॠٕɰ. ێъۺڷͿَܼ͟қԵ֨400550قԴəCa(OH)2
ۆқ३ÀۋΘرݓČ, CaCO3ۆԓজъڿڹ600
900G ԐۋقԴ ۋΘرݓəʚ, ԓজъڿں ֬֨ॠݓ
؍ڹՙԵধ֨Βۆąڍأ400قԴҙࢢCa(OH)2ۆ қ ३ÀьԦॠيأ20%ۆИóÇ͟ۋěʼؽČ, ԓ জъڿں֬֨ॢՙԵধ֨ΒۆąڍȐÀݓܓæقԴ
Ͽ˃ڮԐॢИóÇ͟ںٕ҃ڷ϶600800GĵÂقԴ
0.3˜, 200 rpm ֨Β38.43%, 0.5 ˜, 200 rpm ֨Β39.71%, 0.3 ˜, 450 rpm ֨Β39.85%, 0.5 ˜, 450 rpm ֨Β40.15%
Ϳ CaCO3ۆԓজъڿڷͿۍॢИóÇ͟ۋěʼ ؽɰ(Fig. 3).
XRD қԵ
ԓজъڿقۆॢՙԵধۆġНԜѺজεěॠş
ڦॠيԓজߌνॢÁÁۆ֨ΒεXRD(X쨓pert PRO MPD, PANalytical)ε ۋڌॠي қԵॠٕɰ. қԵĀę (Fig. 4) ՙԵধۆąڍप͔ࣥɰۋ࣡ÀܳĵՁġНͿ
<0.3 ˜, 200 rpm>
<0.5 ˜, 200 rpm>
<0.3 ˜, 450 rpm>
<0.5 ˜, 450 rpm>
Fig. 5. SEM analysis of hydrated lime after mineral carbonation.
Table 2. Elemental composition of the Songcheon tailings
No. Component Result(wt. %) No. Component Result(wt. %)
1 Na2O 0.12 11 NiO 0.02
2 Al2O3 3.15 12 CuO 0.06
3 SiO2 15.90 13 ZnO 0.53
4 P2O5 0.03 14 Ga2O3 0.07
5 SO3 27.90 15 As2O3 14.40
6 K2O 0.89 16 La2O3 0.16
7 CaO 0.05 17 Au2O 0.07
8 TiO2 0.18 18 PbO 3.78
9 Cr2O3 0.01 19 Bi2O3 0.10
10 Fe2O3T
32.60 ǣࢍǮڷ϶, ԓজߌνॢՙԵধ֨ΒəȐÀݓܓæ
Ͽ˃ѓ३Ե(Calcite)ۋܳĵՁġНͿäۆʴێॢĀę ε ǣࢍǻɰ.
FE-SEM/EDS қԵ
ԓজъڿقۆ३ԦՁʽCaCO3Ā܁ڹѓ३Ե(Calcite, گϸߕ), ؉͆Čǣۋ࣡(Aragonite, ࠞԜ, ܳԜ), цࢬ͆
ۋ࣡(Vaterite, ĵ, ࢍڙ)ۆՃÀݓͿԦՁʽɰ (ڮՁĵˣ, 1998). XRD қԵĀę(Fig. 4)قԴՙԵধÀ
ԓজъڿقۆॠيѓ३ԵĀ܁ۋԦՁʼؽڼۋঝۍ ʼؽəʚ, گϸߕۆѓ३ԵĀ܁ۋԦՁيҙεঝۍॠ şڦॠيԓজߌνॢՙԵধ֨ΒεæܓॠيܳԐ ۻۙইйą(S-4300, Hitachi)ںۋڌॠيқԵॠٕČ, EDS ε ۋڌॠي ԦՁʽĀ܁ۆ Ձқں қԵॠٕɰ.
қԵĀę(Fig. 5) ȐÀݓܓæقԴϿ˃گϸߕۆ
ѓ३ԵĀ܁ۋěʼؽڷ϶؉͆Čǣۋ࣡, цࢬ͆ۋ࣡ۆ
Ā܁ڹěʼݓ؍ؕɰ. EDSεۋڌ३15,000ѕঝʂॠ يگϸߕĀ܁ۆՁқںқԵॢĀęܳڅՁқۋCa, C, OͿ ǣࢍǣՁʽĀ܁ۋ ѓ३Եےۋ ঝۍʼؽɰ.
ġйԓজ֬ॹ
ٍ҆ĵقԐڌʽġйəÌڙʪÌιբߎġԓۆġ йεԐڌॠٕɰ. բߎġйəpH(3.28)ÀϔڍǰČܼ
Ś՚ȬʪÀҼİۺȭڷ϶০ҼՙÀČȬʪͿ١ّ
ʽġйۋɰ(Table 2). ̚ॢCa, Mg ॥͟ۋäۆۻИॠ يġйۙߕͿəԓজߌνÀҝÀɠॠɰ. ˰͆Դġ йۙߕεԓজߌνॢ֨ΒٮġйقՙԵধεߐÀ ॠيԓজߌνॢ֨ΒεҼİॠيՙԵধߐÀф
ԓজߌνقۆॢԓّġНԦՁيҙ, CO2Č܁জ܁
ʪ, ܼŚ՚ڌ۹Ç ܁ʪε ঝۍॠٕɰ.
ՙԵধঔ०Ҽԓ܁
ՙԵধۆঔ०͟ ԓ܁ڹ National Lime Association (2007)قԴ ܃֨ॢ ԵধपজȬʪ ćԓѪۍ ASTM D 6276ق ˰͆ բߎġԓ ġй֨Βε æܓ֨ࡈ 40ѥߕε
ۋڌॠيߕÀζॢˏ150 ຸG ࣰ॔͆֟ڌşق25 g
ȏČÁÁۆڌşقՙԵধε4%10%ūݓঔ०ॢˏ
ÁڌşقݒΪսε100 gȏر1֨ÂÂüڷͿ30ߣ
˞رܳϸԴ6֨Âʴ؋ъ҄ॢ, pHεࠑ܁ॠٕ
ں˺pHÀ12.4Àʼəܓæںঔ०͟ڷͿԓ܁ॠٕɰ.
բߎġйۆՙԵধঔ०͟ڹġйИóʂҼ9%Ϳǣࢍ
Ǯɰ. ՙԵধÀ ġйق 9% ߐÀʿق ˰͆ 20ۆ Н
100 gقȥںսەəՙԵধ͟(Table 1)ںćԓॠي߯
ܛ ঔ०Ҽڱڹ ġй 10 g, ՙԵধ 0.9 g, 3 ݒΪս
545.45 gڷͿ Ը܁ॠٕɰ.
ԓজߌν֬ॹ
ġйԓজ֬ॹڹߐÀНػۋġйۙߕχںԓ জߌνॢìęASTM D 6276ق˰͆ćԓʽՙԵধε
ঔ०ॢġйۆԓজߌνͿǣɀر֬ॹॠٕɰ. ՙԵধ
ԓজъڿՁ֬ॹĀęεцڷͿÀۤȭڹমڱں
ǣࢍǶCO2 ܳۓ͟0.5 ˜/min, İъ՚ʪ450 rpmںۺ ڌॠي֬ॹॠٕڷ϶, ъڿ٣ʪə20, ъڿ֨Âڹġ йÀ॥ڮॢܼŚ՚фşࢍՁқ˞ۆٖॳںČͲॠي
10қ, 30қ, 60қڷͿԺ܁ॠي֬ॹॠٕɰ(Table 3). ՙ Եধ ۙߕԓজ֬ॹقԴٮ Ïۋ CO2ۆ қԓমڱ ф
ߕΪ֨Âںݒݕ֨ࢅşڦॠيࣷ͆ज़ζڷͿнदॠٕ
ڷ϶1қÂüڷͿpHεࠑ܁ॠٕɰ. ̚ॢCO2 ܳۓڷ Ϳۍ३pHÀǰ؉ݓϸԴԓজъڿܼقьԦॠəܼ
Ś՚ڌ͟ںࠑ܁ॠşڦॠيъڿܛΒČߕٮؚ
ߕεқνॠيؚߕ֨ΒۆܼŚ՚Ȭʪεࠑ܁ॠٕČ,
Table 3. Test conditions for mineral carbonation of tailings
Sample Mixing Ratio Reacting Condition
Tailings Hydrated Lime Water Time(min) Temp() rpm
A-1
10g 0 545.45g
10
20 450
A-2 30
A-3 60
B-1
10g 0.9g 545.45g
10
B-2 30
B-3 60
Fig. 6. pH variation of reacted solution during mineral carbonation of tailings.
Fig. 7. Thermogravimetric analysis of tailings after mineral carbonation.
Fig. 8. Thermogravimetric analysis of tailing-hydrated lime mixture after mineral carbonation.
Čߕ ֨Βə 105قԴ 24֨Â æܓॠي TG-DTA,
XRD, FE-SEM/EDS қԵں֬֨ॠٕڷ϶दşНė܁
֨ॹѪق˰͆ ܼŚ՚ ڌ֨ॹں ֬֨ॠٕɰ.
pHε1қÂüڷͿࠑ܁ॢĀę(Fig. 6) ġйۙߕε
ԓজߌνॢ֨ΒəġйۙߕۆpHÀϔڍǰş˺
Лق10, 30, 60қܓæϿ˃pH 3.2 ܁ʪͿࢀѺজػ ۋ ێ܁ॠó ڮݓʼؽɰ. ъϸ ՙԵধε 9% ঔ०ॠي
ԓজߌνॢ֨ΒۆąڍpH 12.4قԴҙࢢśüॠó
ॠ͇ॠي 10қۋҙࢢə pH 6 ܁ʪε ڮݓॠٕɰ.
TG-DTA қԵ
TG-DTA қԵڹՙԵধъڿՁ֬ॹقԴٮÏڹܓæ ڷͿ ؎Θйɔ ʪÀɦε ۋڌॠي 0ҙࢢ 900ūݓ
қɾ10֧٣ॠيқԵॠٕɰ. қԵĀęԓজߌν εॠݓ؍ڹġй֨Β, 10, 30, 60қۆԓজߌνε֬
֨ॢġй֨ΒقԴə600800GԐۋۆԓজъڿ ۋäۆǣࢍǣݓ؍ؕČ(Fig. 7) ՙԵধεߐÀॠي
ԓজߌνε֬֨ॢ֨Β(Fig. 8)ۆąڍ10қ, 30қܓæ
قԴʪԓজъڿۋäۆǣࢍǣݓ؍ؕɰ. ՙԵধε
ߐÀॠي60қÂԓজߌνε֬֨ॢ֨Βۆąڍأ
Fig. 9. XRD patterns of specimens after mineral carbon- ation Sc: Scorodite, Q: Quartz, Py: Pyrite, C: Calcite.
Songcheon tailing
<A-1>
<A-2>
<A-3>
Fig. 10. SEM analysis of tailings without hydrated lime after mineral carbonation.
1.49%ۆܼ͟ۋÇՙॢìڷͿǣࢍǮɰ. ՙԵধъڿ
Ձ֬ॹقԴəأ40%ۆԓজъڿۋěʽìق
ъ३ġй+ՙԵধԓজъڿقԴəϔڍǰڹԓ জъڿۋǣࢍǮəʚۋəġйÀ॥ڮॠČەəɰ͟ۆ
ܼŚ՚ՁқęşࢍҝտНˣۆٖॳڷͿ؎Θйɔʪ ÀɦÀ١ّʼر܁ঝॢқԵۋۋΘرݓݓ؍ڹìڷͿ
ٚԜʽɰ. ۋəॳTG-DTA қԵۤҼ҃ɰÇʪÀȭ ڹDSC َܼ͟қԵşεۋڌॢ܁нॢқԵۋज़څॣ
ìڷͿ ࣺɳʽɰ.
XRD қԵ
َܼ͟қԵşşՁԜɰتॢНݗۋܕۦॠČܼŚ
՚ۋɰ͟ܕۦॣąڍÂԾф١ّقۆॠيй͟ۆ
Нݗ қԵۋ رͷş ˺Лق æܓʽ ֨Βε ۋڌॠي
CaCO3ġНԜۆڮИεěॠşڦ३XRD(X쨓pert PRO MPD, PANalytical) қԵں ֬֨ॠٕɰ.
XRD қԵĀę(Fig. 9) ġйۙߕٮԓজߌνॢġ й֨ΒՃÀݓقԴəCalciteÀěʼݓ؍ؕڷǣՙ ԵধεߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢ֨ΒՃÀݓقԴəǰ ڹ Ìʪۋǣ CalciteÀ ěʼؽɰ.
Table 4. Heavy metal concentration of the reaction solutions (mg/˜)
Sample Cd Cu Zn Pb As
A-1 0.07 6.53 27.85 2.38 4.46
A-2 0.07 7.12 29.25 2.36 4.07
A-3 0.06 7.18 29.54 2.62 3.46
B-1 - 0.19 3.36 0.41 0.14
B-2 - 0.27 3.87 0.39 0.14
B-3 - 0.27 4.12 0.34 0.14
water quality
standard 0.10 3.00 5.00 0.50 0.25
Table 5. Heavy metal concentration by Korean Standard Leaching Test (mg/˜)
Sample Cd Cu Zn Pb As
Tailings 0.63 32.99 106.10 8.02 26.1
A-1 - 0.46 1.41 8.09 2.08
A-2 - 0.45 1.50 9.67 2.10
A-3 - 0.27 0.90 9.24 1.74
B-1 - 0.65 0.05 0.05 0.03
B-2 - 0.82 0.04 0.02 0.05
B-3 - 0.62 0.02 0.02 0.05
Toxicity Criteria 0.30 3.00 - 3.00 1.50
FE-SEM/EDS қԵ
ՙԵধεԓজߌνॠيқԵॢĀęقԴߌͤġй
ۙߕεԓজߌνॢ֨ΒٮՙԵধεߐÀॠيԓজ
ߌνॢ֨ΒۆSEM қԵںࣀॠيCaCO3Ā܁ԦՁي ҙεঝۍॠٕڷ϶, ԦՁʽĀ܁ۆՁқںEDSεۋڌ ॠي қԵॠٕɰ.
SEM қԵĀęՙԵধεߐÀॠݓ؍ڹġйۙߕε
ԓজߌνॢ֨ΒA-1, A-2, A-3قԴə(Fig. 10) ѓ३ Ե(Calcite, گϸߕ), ؉͆Čǣۋ࣡(Aragonite, ࠞԜ, ܳ Ԝ), цࢬ͆ۋ࣡(Vaterite, ĵ, ࢍڙ)ٮÏڹCaCO3
Ā܁ۋ ěʼݓ ؍ؕɰ.
ՙԵধε ߐÀॠي ԓজ ߌνॢ ġй ֨Β B-1, B-2, B-3قԴə(Fig. 11) گϸߕۆĀ܁ۋěʼ ؽČEDSεۋڌ३15,000ѕঝʂॠيĀ܁ۆՁқں
қԵॢĀęCa, C, O ՁқڷͿĵՁʽѓ३Եےںঝۍ ॠٕɰ.
ܼŚ՚Ȭʪ
ġйԓজߌνۆЀۺڹCO2ۆ۹ۤӼχ؉ɦ͆ġ
йǴقܕۦॠəɰ͟ۆڮ३ܼŚ՚ں؋܁জ֨ࢅə
ìۋɰ. Ŕ͠ǣԓজߌνʽġйقԴܼŚ՚ȬʪÀ
ঞąşܵ࠘ۋԜۆȬʪεǣࢍǴóʼϸġйۆԓ জߌνۙߕÀҝÀɠॢߌνşցۋʽɰ. ̚ॢԓজ
ߌνę܁قԴܼŚ՚ۋɰ͟ьԦॠóʼϸߌνؚۆ
ߌνҼڌۋ߸ÀͿьԦॠş˺Лقą܃ۺۍࠑϸ
фঞąۺۍࠑϸقԴЛ܃Àʾսەɰ. ˰͆Դߌν ę܁قԴۆܼŚ՚ȬʪٮߌνʽġйۆܼŚ՚Ȭʪε
қԵॠيڌ܁ʪεঝۍॠٕɰ. ߌνę܁قԴۆܼŚ
՚Ȭʪəъڿ֨ÂܛΒČߕٮؚߕεқνॠيؚ
ߕۆܼŚ՚ȬʪεICP-OES(OPTIMA 7300 V, PerkinElmer) ε ۋڌॠيқԵॠٕČ, ԓজߌνʽġйۆܼŚ՚
ȬʪəқνʽČߕεæܓॠيदşНė܁֨ॹѪق˰
͆ ܼŚ՚ ڌ֬ॹں ֬֨ॠٕɰ.
ԓজߌνъڿؚۆܼŚ՚Ȭʪəߌνę܁قԴ
ьԦॠəदսۋş˺ЛقսݗфսԦć҃ۻقě
ॢѪέ֨ॱő࠙(ঞąҙ, 2011)قԴݓ܁ॢսݗ١ّН ݗۆѕॴڌşܵقۺڌॠيҼİॠٕɰ. ġйۙߕε
ԓজߌνॢъڿؚۆܼŚ՚Ȭʪ(Table 4)əCdں
<B-1>
<B-2>
<B-3>
Fig. 11. SEM analysis of tailings-hydrated lime mixture after mineral carbonation.
܃ٽॢCu, Zn, Pb, As ȐÀݓ२Ѐۋşܵ࠘ۋԜۆ
Ȭʪεǣࢍǻڷ϶, Asəşܵ࠘ۆأ20ѕ, Znۆąڍ
şܵ࠘ۆ5ѕۋԜۆČȬʪͿêʼؽɰ. ъϸՙԵধ εߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢġй֨Βۆąڍъڿؚܼ
ۆܼŚ՚ȬʪÀɰԿÀݓқԵ२ЀϿ˃şܵ࠘ۋॠ ۆȬʪͿ ǣࢍǮɰ.
ԓজߌνʽ֨ΒεæܓॠيदşНė܁֨ॹѪ(ঞ
ąҙ, 2011)ق˰͆ڌ֬ॹॠيܼŚ՚ȬʪεқԵॢ
Āę(Table 5) ġйڙ֨ΒۆȬʪəZnε܃ٽॢȐÀ ݓ२Ѐۋڮ३şܵںߣęॠəìڷͿǣࢍǮڷ϶, Zn ۆąڍ106.1 ppmۆϔڍȭڹȬʪεǣࢍǻڷǣڮ ३şܵۋݓ܁ʼݓ؍؉ڮ३Ձ܁ʪεǣࢍǷսػə
Ԝۋɰ. ġйۙߕεԓজߌνॢ֨ΒۆܼŚ՚Ȭ ʪəڙ֨ΒۆȬʪ҃ɰϔڍǰڹȬʪͿǣࢍǮəʚ
ۋəԓজߌνę܁قԴъڿؚڷͿԜɾҙқѕʼ رߌνæܓʽ֨ΒقԴəǰڹȬʪεǣࢍǴəì ڷͿٚԜʽɰ. PbۆąڍقԴəɰδڙՙ˞ęəɵν
şܵ࠘ۋԜۆȭڹȬʪͿࠑ܁ʼؽəʚॳٍĵε
ࣀॠيpH-Eh ԜěՁқԵˣںࣀ३ČͲʼرآॣҙ қڷͿԦÁʽɰ. ՙԵধεߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢ֨
ΒəՃÀݓܓæقԴқԵॢڙՙϿ˃şܵ࠘ۋॠۆ
ǰڹȬʪεǣࢍǻɰ. ܼŚ՚ڌ֬ॹĀęقԴܛ० ३҇˺Cd, Cu, Zn, PbۆՁęəɵνAsۆąڍՙ Եধˣۆ؎ࠥνՁНݗߐÀقۆॠيڌۋݒÀॣ
սەڼ(؋ܳՁˣ, 2003)قʪ۹ȬʪͿǣࢍǦڙۍڹ
ԓজߌνę܁قԴъڿڌؚۆpHÀ(Fig. 6) ߯ߣ12.4 قԴսқۋǴقpH 6 սܵڷͿ̆رݓϸԴCa-As
ۆҝڌՁࠞۻ(Dutre et al., 1999; Moon et al., 2004) ڷͿۍॢìڷͿࣺɳʼ϶, ۋ͠ॢܼŚ՚ڙՙۆԓ জߌνقۆॢ؋܁জşۚڹॳٍĵεࣀॠيߕć ۺۍ êࢹÀ ज़څॣ ìڷͿ ԦÁʽɰ.
Ā
दġԓۆܳڅ١ّڙۍġйεʂԜڷͿՙԵধεߐ Àॠي؋܁জߌνε֬֨ॠəė܁قġНԓজъڿ ںۺڌॠيCO2Č܁জфܼŚ՚؋܁জÀɠՁںथ Àॠٕɰ. ؋܁জߌνۦۍՙԵধۙߕۆԓজъڿ Ձ֬ॹں֬֨ॠيÀۤমڱۋܞڹܓæںԸ܁ॠٕ
Č, ŔܓæںġйԓজقۺڌॠيՙԵধεߐÀॠ ݓ؍ڹġйۙߕԓজ֬ॹęՙԵধεߐÀॢġй
ԓজ ֬ॹں֬֨ॠي ɰڼę Ïڹ Āں صؽɰ.
1. 20GԜ٣قԴՙԵধۆपজȬʪεćԓॠيԓ জъڿՁ֬ॹں֬֨ॠČTG-DTA, SEM қԵں֬֨
ॢĀęİъ՚ʪٮCO2 ܳۓ͟ܓæق˰͆أÂۆ
ۋÀەؽڷǣCO2 ܳۓ͟0.5˜/min, İъ՚ʪ450rpm ܓæقԴÀۤȭڹ40.15% ۆԓজъڿۋۋΘر ܐČSEM қԵقԴگϸߕۆCalcite Ā܁ۋě
ʼؽɰ.
2.ՙԵধԓজъڿՁ֬ॹĀęقԴÀۤমڱۋܞ ڹܓæںۺڌॠيġйۙߕεԓজߌνॢĀę
ԓজق ۆॢ Иó Ç͟ۋ äۆ ǣࢍǣݓ ؍ؕڷ϶, CaCO3Ā܁ʪěʼݓ؍ؕɰ. ̚ॢXRD қԵĀęق ԴʪCalcite peakÀǣࢍǣݓ؍؉բߎġԓġйۙߕ ۆԓজə ҝÀɠॢ ìڷͿ ǣࢍǮɰ.
3.ՙԵধεߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢ֨Βəъڿ֨Â
10қ, 30қܓæقԴəġйق॥ڮʽܼŚ՚фşࢍ
ҝտНˣۆ١ّڷͿäۆԓজъڿۋǣࢍǣݓ؍
ؕČ60қܓæقԴχأ1.49%ۆԓজъڿۋێ رǮڷ϶, SEM қԵĀęگϸߕۆCalcite Ā܁ۋ
ěʼؽɰ. XRD қԵقԴʪǰڹÌʪۋšॠǣCalcite peakÀ ěʼؽɰ.
4.ԓজߌνę܁قԴьԦॠəܼŚ՚ڌ͟ںঝ ۍॠşڦॠيԓজߌνܛΒъڿؚںيęॠي
ܼŚ՚ȬʪεқԵॢĀęՙԵধεߐÀॠݓ؍ڹ֨
ΒقԴəսݗ١ّНݗѕॴڌşܵںߣęॠəȭڹ
Ȭʪεǣࢍǻڷ϶ՙԵধεߐÀॠيԓজߌνॢ֨
Βə ॴڌşܵ ۋॠۆ ǰڹ Ȭʪε ǣࢍǻɰ.
5. ԓজߌνʽČߕ֨ΒۆܼŚ՚ڌ͟ںঝۍ ॠşڦॠيदşНė܁֨ॹѪق˰͆ڌ֬ॹں֬֨
ॢĀęՙԵধεߐÀॠݓ؍ڹ֨ΒəAsٮPbۋş
ܵ࠘ۋԜۆȬʪεǣࢍǻڷ϶, ՙԵধεߐÀॢ֨Β ۆ ąڍ Ͽ˃ şܵ࠘ ۋॠۆ ǰڹ Ȭʪεǣࢍǻɰ.
6.ՙԵধεߐÀॠيġйεԓজߌνॢĀęCO2
Č܁জфܼŚ՚۹ÇۋÀɠ॥ںঝۍॠٕɰ. ॳٍ
ĵεࣀॠيԓজъڿфCO2 Č܁͟ۆĵߕۺۍ
ս࠘ʚۋࢢন˛ۋज़څॣìڷͿٚԜʼ϶, ֬ڌۺۋČ
ą܃ۺۍşցۋʾսەʪɰتॢġй֨Βقۺڌ
ॢ Ճҙۺۍ ٍĵÀ ज़څॣ ìڷͿ ࣺɳʽɰ.
ČЛॶ
ڋࢮ, ෮୍෭, ୨ୋ, ࠑஜ, ੲฅ, କֈজ, 2010, “
ฆඍ׆ࢄীԨࢭ୍ۘଭॺฃࠜധCO2ճ୨,”ౡծ
২֜ฎ ࢳඝڍࢂு, ֝ඍ׆ࢄୀ০ฅฎ, pp.
260-262.
ࠑஜ, ෮୍෭, ڋࢮ, ੲฅ, କֈজ, 2010, “ฆඍ׆
ࢄীԨࢭ୍ۘଭॺฃࠜധணׁুੲ୨ฃւ
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ੲசন, ச, ୢశࢢ, ࢂ็, 2003, “ණฃֈࢠٛճঃ
णীଭֈࢄୡ·ฃୡনࢫౢԧۇনඌԧ,”ୀ
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ւ֜,”۩Սౠฎڍࢂு(֜ծ),୪27֫7, pp. 133-140.
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ଲ෮శ
2007ț Ìڙʂॡİ ݓĵ֨֟ࢰėॡę
ėॡԐ
2009ț Ìڙʂॡİ ݓĵ֨֟ࢰėॡę
ėॡԵԐ
ইۦ Ìڙʂॡİ قȃݓۙڙėॡę чԐę܁
(E-mail; [email protected])
ࢢլ
ইۦ Ìڙʂॡİ ėęʂॡ قȃݓۙڙėॡę İս (欧G 彳櫾躇G 缧47坲G 缧6埲G 垾畢)
ଲথ
2009ț Ìڙʂॡİ ݓĵ֨֟ࢰėॡę
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