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A case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome complicating a poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patient which was successfully treated conservatively

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A case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome complicating a poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patient which was successfully treated conservatively

Department of Internal Medicine, Mokpo Jung-ang General Hospital, Mokpo, Korea

*Jeong Rae Byun, M.D., Seong Hwa Kim, M.D., Jeong Uk Heo, M.D., Yuan Kuang Tang, M.D., Hyung Joon Myung, M.D., Ho Young Na, M.D., Ki Tai Kim, M.D.

The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is caused by an acute aortomesenteric angle resulting in vascular compression of the third part of the duodenum. It occurs frequently in patients who have had a significant weight loss. In the general population, the prevalence of the SMA syndrome was estimated at 0.013 to 0.3% on the basis of upper gastrointestinal barium studies. We experienced a case of the SMA syndrome in a poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patient which was successfully treated conservatively. A 24-year-old man presented with vomiting and epigastric pain. He was diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus 10 years ago. A physical examination showed distended abdomen and epigastric tenderness. His height was 176 cm and body weight 54.7 kg. His glycemic control was very poor and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 11.5%. The weight loss was 5 kg over the last 3 weeks. Plain abdomen showed air fluid levels in the distended stomach and duodenal bulb, which were suggestive of the obstruction of high small bowel (“double bubble sign”). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed distended stomach and duodenal dilatation. It showed that the indentation of the third portion of the duodenum was caused by the SMA. The distance between the aorta and the SMA on transverse CT scan (aortomesenteric distance) was 4.0 mm, and the angle between the aorta and the SMA on sagittal CT scan (aortomesenteric angle) was 24 degrees. These findings were compatible with the SMA syndrome.

After nasogastric tube insertion, he was treated with total parental nutrition and his blood sugar was controlled with insulin. He was maintained in the prone or left lateral decubitus position. On tenth hospital day, the nasogastric tube was removed and water feeding started, which was followed by liquid and soft diet gradually. On 12th hospital day, follow-up CT scan showed that the aortomesenteric distance increased from 4.0 mm to 11.0 mm and the aortomesenteric angle from 24 degrees to 46 degrees. On 22nd hospital day, he was discharged, when his body weight increased from 54.7 kg to 56.0 kg.

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압축 공기에 의한 대장의 압력손상 1예

관동대학교 의과대학 명지병원 내과

*고원준, 박경석, 박태운, 고근준, 강병수, 조정현, 김희만

서론: 대장은 관내 공기압의 증가에 의해 손상을 받을 수 있다. 대부분은 대장내시경을 할 때 우측 대장에 발생하는 Cat scratch colon이라고 알려진 대장 점막 손상이다. 항문에 압축공기의 접촉으로 인한 대장 손상은 대부분 직장S결장에 천공 등이 발생시킨다. 저자들은 압축 공기 에 의한 손상으로 S결장에 Cat scratch colon이 발생한 것을 대장내시경으로 진단하였기에 이 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 증례: 46세 남자 환자 가 1일전부터 시작된 하복부 통증으로 응급실 내원하였다. 그는 교량을 건축하는 일에 종사하고 있었으며 더위를 식히고자 공기 압축 공기 를 엉덩이를 향해 공기를 분사하였고 직후 복통이 발생하여 응급실로 내원하였다. 내원 당시 혈압 120/70 mmHg, 맥박 74회/분 호흡수 20회/

분 체온 36.6℃였다. 하복부에 복통을 호소하였나 하복부에 압통은 있었나 반발통은 없었다. 직장수지검사에서는 특이 소견은 없었다. 말초 혈액검사상 백혈구 13.3×103/μL (호중구, 85.3%) 소견 이외에 특이한 검사 소견 관찰되지 않았다. 대장천공 등을 감별하기 위해 복부컴퓨터 단층 시행하였으며 직장S결장에 내층 점막과 부분적으로 두께가 증가한 소견이 관찰되었고 천공 등의 다른 소견은 없었다. S상결장경검사 를 시행한 결과 다발성의 선상의 궤양이 직장에서 S결장까지 퍼져 있었다. 환자는 일주일 뒤에 시행한 추적 S상결장경 검사에서 궤양의 크기가 줄어들었으며 합병증 없이 퇴원하였다. 고찰: Cat scratch colon은 부분적으로 선상의 적색의 자국이 주로 우측 대장 점막에 있는 경 우를 말하고, 주로 대장내시경 도중에 공기를 대장 안에 주입 합으로써 압력손상에 의해서 생기는 경우를 말한다. 압축공기에 의한 대장손상 은 주로 항문으로부터 압축된 공기를 주입함으로써 발생하는데 Cat scratch colon과 달리 직장S결장에 잘 발생하며 대부분 천공이 발생한다.

본 증례는 압축공기에 의한 급격한 압력상승에 의해 대장점막에 압력손상이 발생하였고 이를 S상결장경으로 진단하여 보고하는 바이다.

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