Vol. 65, No. 6, June 2015, pp. 536∼541
Temperature Dependences of the Dielectric and the Electrical Properties of Stoichiometric and Na-excess (Na 0.53 K 0.47 )(Nb 0.55 Ta 0.45 )O 3 Piezoelectric
Ceramics
M. S. Kim · J. S. Kim ∗ · M. H. Kim · T. K. Song · J. H. Lee
School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, Korea
T. G. Park · J. Park
Department of Electronic & Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, Korea
W. J. Kim
Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, Korea (Received 15 May 2015 : accepted 28 May 2015)
We have prepared lead-free Ta-substituted (Na
0.53−xK
0.47)(Nb
0.55Ta
0.45)O
3(NKNT) ceramics by using the solid-state reaction method and investigated the dielectric and the electrical properties of the stochiometric (x = 0) and the Na-excess (x = 0.015) compositions in the temperature range from 30
◦C to 600
◦C and in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 MHz. Two dielectric peaks, corresponding to the cubic-tetragonal and the tetragonal-orthorhombic transitions, were observed at T
C= 156
◦C and T
O−T= 40
◦C, respectively. Especially, the Na-excess NKNT ceramic had a low dielectric loss and improved piezoelectric properties. The Ac conductivity linearly increased at temperatures above 350
◦C, and the impedance Cole-Cole plot exhibited two arcs, a grain arc and a grain-boundary arc. The activation energies obtained from the ac and the dc conductivities were estimated to be about 1.0 eV.
PACS numbers: 77.22.-d, 77.84.Ek, 77.84.-s
Keywords: (Na
0.5K
0.5)NbO
3, NKN, Lead-free, Dielectric, Piezoelectric, Phase transition, Ta ion addition
×
D] K ¡W ë s  ] Ø õ m Í Na Ê ÝÆ S Ë (Na 0.53 K 0.47 )(Nb 0.55 Ta 0.45 )O 3 ° q ¹ Å : g à k Ä 8 ý Æ X Øy ¢; c
 \ ¥ ¥ ¹ Å õ m Í ¹ ÅM ¹ Åy ¢ ¤V R Ë
» * > ¬ £ · » . > ¬ £ ∗ · »' å Ú · ö ¶ B? - ! H · T < g ` @
½ Ó" é ¶ @ / < Æ § èF / B N < ÆÂ Ò, ½ Ó" é ¶ 641-773
? # Þ · ø ¶ B¦
½ Ó" é ¶ @ / < Æ § l ·l > / B N < ÆÂ Ò, ½ Ó" é ¶ 641-773
» 4 w H+ ä
½ Ó" é ¶ @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o < Æõ , ½ Ó" é ¶ 641-773 (2015¸ 5 Z 4 15{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2015¸ 5 Z 4 28{ 9 > F S X & ñ )
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in
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Keywords: (Na
0.5K
0.5)NbO
3, NKN, Á º (lead-free), Ä » : £ ¤$ í , · ú : £ ¤$ í , © s , Ta s : r '
I. " e  ] Ø
Ä
ºÃ ºô Ç · ú x 9 Ä » : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ° ú H Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT)
>
[ j b Û ¼ H y 7 á x G ' p" f x 9 " l oÆ Ó\ s ' Ð V , o 6 x ÷ &
¦ e [1]. Õ ª Q s PZT> Ó ü t| 9 É r ± ú (Pb)s í < Ê ) a Ä
» > í ß oÓ ü t s 9, ± ú É r è _ ] j ¸ x 9 ` l \ " f | 9 # î
`
¦ Ä »µ 1 Ï ¦ ¢ ¸ ¨ 8 â ¸% i ` ¦ l ô Ç . s Ð # Ä »
>
PZT [ j b Û ¼\ ¦ @ /^ ½ + É 2 ;¨ 8 â Á º > [ j b Û ¼_
>
hµ 1 Ïs r / å L ô Ç © S ! s .
Saito1 p x s Li + , Ta 5+ , Sb 5+ ` ¦ u ¨ 8 # · ú : £ ¤$ í s Ä º Ã
ºô Ç (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )NbO 3 ( s NKN)> [ j b Û ¼\ ¦ > hµ 1 Ï ô
Ç s Ê ê Á º > NKN> H Ä » > PZT> \ ¦ @ /^ ½ + É · ú
F « Ñ Ð 6 £ x6 x: £ ¤$ í ¾ Ó © \ É r ´ ú § É r ½ ¨ s À Ò# Qt
¦ e [2–16]. s ½ ¨\ _ Li + , Ta 5+ , Sb 5+ NKN \ u ¨ 8 H d \ orthorhombic-tetragonal © s
: r ¸ (T O−T ) y © 9, { 9 & ñ | ¾ Ó u ¨ 8 ÷ &% 3 ` ¦ M : T O−T
© : r \ 0 Au > ) a . NKN> [ j b Û ¼ H tetrago- nal õ orthorhombic © s / B N > r 9, s © / B N > r : £ ¤$ í É r PZT > _ ¸$ í © â > (mophotropic phase boundary, MPB) : £ ¤$ í õ Ä » . NKN> \ " f H · ú : £ ¤
$ í
É r © â > ¸] X õ x 9 ] X ô Ç ' aº $ í s e H כ Ü ¼ Ð · ú 9 4
R e [6–14].
: r ½ ¨h Ë > É r Ta 5+ \ ¦ u ¨ 8 ô Ç NKN [ j b Û ¼\ ¦ ] j ¸
%
i ¦, s p Ä » x 9 · ú : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ Ð ¦ô Ç e . è × æ 6
fµ 1 Ï$ í s y © ô Ç Na M :ë H \ Z } É r x 9 ¸\ ¦ ° ú H NKN > è
^ _ ] j ¸ # Q§ > [8,16]. s è ë H ] j\ ¦ K l 0
AK \ P ç ß $ í + þ A (hot pressing, HP) [16], ~ ½ Ó e ¦ Ý ¼ è
(spark plasma sintering, SPS) [15]1 p x \ _ ô Ç ] j ¸ ~ ½ Ó Z O
s ½ ¨÷ & ¦ e Ü ¼ Z } É r q 6 x ë H ] j Ð z ´] j & h 6 x \ H
#
Q 9¹ ¡ § s e .
: r ½ ¨\ " f H Na 6 fµ 1 Ï x 9 Ð © \ É r Ä » x 9 l
¸ : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ¨ î l 0 AK o < Æ ª : r (x = 0.0) õ Na õ
∗