일부 생활용품에서 발생한 공기 중 라돈과 토론의 발생 특성 및 연간 유효선량 추정
박동욱*
,**
,†· 이성진** · 김소연* · 곽현석*** · 이승희* · 박지훈****
*한국방송통신대학교 환경보건학과, **환경보건시민센터, ***근로복지공단 직업환경연구원,
****서울대학교 보건환경연구소
Effective Doses Estimated According to Characteristics of Airborne Radon and Thoron Levels Generated from Some Household Products
Dong-Uk Park*
,**
,†, Seongjin Yi**, So-Yeon Kim*, Hyunseok Kwak***, Seunghee Lee*, and Jihoon Park****
*Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University
**Asian Citizen’s Center for Environment and Health
***Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea Workers’ Compensation and Welfare Service
****Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to analyze the characteristics of airborne radon and thoron level (Bq/m
3) generated from household products containing monazites, and estimate the effective doses (mSv/yr).
Method: Radon & Thoron detector EQF3220 was used to monitor real-time airborne radon and thoron level (Bq/m
3), and their daughters (Bq/m
3) were recorded every two hours. Effective doses (mSv/yr) for radon and thoron were estimated according to models developed by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR).
Results: The average levels of radon and thoron were 87.8 Bq/m
3(range; 20.8-156.3 Bq/m
3) and 1,347.5 Bq/
m
3(range; 4-5,839.7 Bq/m
3), respectively. The average equilibrium factors (F) were 0.23 and 0.007, respectively.
The levels of radon progeny were far higher than that thoron. Latex mattress showed the highest F (0.38). The average effective doses were estimated to be ICRP (1.9 mSv/yr) and UNSCER (1.3 mSv/yr) for radon and UNSCEAR (1.6 mSv/yr) for thoron.
Conclusions: Our results have far exceeded the allowable effective dose for general population (1 mSv/yr). The government’s actions such as the ban of use of consumer products containing monazite and the establishment of surveillance system to evaluate health effects for the people affected should be taken as early as possible.
Keywords: Radon, Thoron, Monazite, Effective dose
I. 서 론
라돈의 방사성 물질 동위원소는 라돈(Rn, 원자번호 86, 질량수 222), 토론(Th, 원자번호 86, 질량수 220),
악티논(Ac, 원자번호 86, 질량수 219)이다. 이 중 일 반 생활환경에서 방사성 물질의 반감기와 공기 중 농 도를 고려했을 때 라돈과 토론이 건강 위험인자이다.
라돈은 흡연 다음으로 폐암을 많이 일으킨다고 잘 알
†
Corresponding author: Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, 86 Daehak-ro, Jongno- gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 03087, Tel: +82-2-3668-4707, Fax: +82-2-741-4701, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 28, March, 2019 Revised: 10, April, 2019 Accepted: 20, April, 2019
초청논문 Invited article