. . , , . . . , , . . , . . ! . . , . , . , .
. ... Ⅰ ... 1 1. ... 1 2. ... 5 . ... Ⅱ ... 6 1. ... 6 2. ... 6 3. ... 10 . ... Ⅲ ... 11 1. ... 11 2. ... 15 3. ... 21 4. ... 26 . ... Ⅳ ... 28 . ... Ⅴ ... 33 ... 34 ( )... 36 ... 42
1. ...9 2. ...12 3. ...14 4. ...16 5. ...18 6. ...20 7. ...23 8. ...24 9. ...25
, . 2009 4 1 4 30 , , , . 96.9% , , , 75.7% . , , (OR=3.86, CI; 2.73-6.28). 1 2.7 (OR=2.71, CI; 1.39-5.30), 2 3.5 (OR=3.58, CI; 2.07-6.19) . (OR=0.45, CI; 0.26-0.81). , 3 3~6 0.5 (OR=0.55, CI; 0.32-0.95), 6 0.4 (OR=0.46, CI; 0.26-0.83) .
, 75% . , , , , , , , . , , . . : , , , , , .
1.
, 1964 7 ․ ( , 2007). ‘ ’ ( , 2003). . ( , 2007). 1995 1998 7 , 2000 ( , 2001), 2006 12 2007 12 . , , , 4, ․ ․ , , , , , , , , , , , ( , 2007). , , , . . ( , 2003) , ( , 2001) .
(Holahan and Moos, 1986) . , , , ( , 2008). 30 ( , 1996) 59 ( , 2001) ( , 2001; , 2001), , , ( , 1998). ․ . 82.8% ( , 2001)
( 1997).
( ,
2008).
.
Dembe(1999) US National Longitudinal Survey
25% , Strunin et al(2004) , , , . Dawson(1994) , , . , . ․ ( , 2008).
2.
( , ) . . , , , . , . , ..
Ⅱ
1.
2009 4 1 2009 4 30 459 , 76 383 .2.
.
. , , , , , , , , , , , , . 2009 4 1 2009 4 30 .1)
‘ ’ , ① ② ③ ④ . ⑤ ⑥2)
, , . , , , , , , , 40 , 40 , 50 , 60 , , , . , , , 1 , 2 . , , , , , , , , , . , , , , , 100 , 100 ~200 , 200 ~300 , 300 . , , . , , , ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . 3 , 3~6 , 6 , 1~7 , 8~10 , 11 .
, 40 ,40 , 50 , 60 , , , , 1 , 2 , , , , , , ( ) 100 , 100~200 , 200~300 , 300 100 , 100~200 , 200~300 , 300 , , , , , , , , , 3 , 3~6 , 6 3 , 3~6 , 6 1~7 , 8~10 , 11
3.
383 , SAS 9.1.3 . , , Chi-Square . , .1.
.
383 316 (82.5%), 67 (17.5%) . 40 ~49 122 (31.8%) , 278 (72.6%) , 2 223 (58.2%) , 157 (41.0%) . 150 (39.2%), 121 (31.6%), 79 (20.6%), 33 (8.6%) . 252 (65.8%), 111 (29.0%), 20 (5.2%) , 211 (55.1%) 172 (44.9%) . 100 ~200 164 (42.8%) , 200 ~300 146 (38.1%), 100 ~200 116 (30.3%), 300 103 (26.9%), 100 18 (4.7%) , 211 (55.1%) 172 (44.9%) ( 2).2. % 316 67 82.5 17.5 40 40~ 49 50~ 59 60 121 122 98 42 31.6 31.8 25.6 11.0 / 278 105 72.6 27.4 1 2 80 80 223 20.9 20.9 58.2 119 157 107 31.1 41.0 27.9 121 150 79 33 31.6 39.2 20.6 8.6 252 20 111 65.8 5.2 29.0 172 211 44.9 55.1 100 100 ~200 200 ~300 300 41 164 124 54 10.7 42.8 32.4 14.1 100 100 ~200 200 ~300 300 18 116 146 103 4.7 30.3 38.1 26.9 172 44.9
383 371 (96.9%) . 280 (75.5%) , 18 (5.1%), 17 (4.6%), 9 (2.4%), 4 (1.3%) . 21~30% 138 (36.0%) , 11~20% 63 (16.4%), 31~40% 61 (15.9%), 41~50% 44 (11.5%), 51% 37 (9.7%), 10% 31 (8.1%), 9 (2.4%) ( 3).
3. % 371 12 96.9 3.1 383 100.0 280 19 5 9 17 41 75.5 5.1 1.3 2.4 4.6 11.1 371 100.0 ( ) 10% 11~20% 21~30% 31~40% 41~50% 50% 9 31 63 138 61 44 37 2.4 8.1 16.4 36.0 15.9 11.5 9.7 383 100.0
75% .
.
, , , , , 72.5%, 76.1% . 40 61.2%, 40~49 76.2%, 50~59 81.6%, 60 78.6% (p<0.01). 80.9%, 52.4% (p<0.001), 52.5%, 1 75.0%, 2 79.8% (p<0.001). 60.8%, 78.3%, 77.3% (p<0.01)( 4).4. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 ² χ % % 229 51 72.5 76.1 87 16 27.5 23.9 0.212 40 40~ 49 50~ 59 60 74 93 80 33 61.2 76.2 81.6 78.6 47 29 18 9 38.8 23.8 18.4 21.4 13.655** / 55 225 52.4 80.9 50 53 47.6 19.1 30.171 *** 1 2 42 60 178 52.5 75.0 79.8 38 20 45 47.5 25.0 20.2 22.537*** 92 123 65 77.3 78.3 60.8 27 34 42 22.7 21.7 39.3 11.573** 280 · 103 ·
, , , , , . 80.0% , 72.7%, 65.8%, 60.6% (p<0.05). 75.0%, 71.2%, 60.0% , 74.9% 70.9% . 200~300 , 77.3%, 69.7% ( 5).
5. *p<0.05 ² χ % % 88 120 52 20 72.7 80.0 65.8 60.6 33 30 27 13 27.3 20.0 34.2 39.4 8.389* 189 12 79 75.0 60.0 71.2 63 8 32 25.0 40.0 28.8 2.419 122 158 70.9 74.9 50 53 29.1 25.1 0.565 100 100 ~200 200 ~300 300 28 121 93 38 68.3 73.8 75.0 70.4 13 43 31 16 31.7 26.2 25.0 29.6 0.953 100 100 ~200 200 ~300 300 13 87 111 69 72.2 75.0 76.6 67.0 5 29 34 34 27.8 25.0 23.5 33.0 3.061 133 147 77.3 69.7 39 64 22.7 30.3 2.450 280 · 103 ·
, , , , , , , , 73.5%, 64.5%, 73.6%, 76.9% . 76.5%, 73.1%, 68.3% . 80.3% 71.9% , 74.1%, 71.3% . 76.6%, 64.9% (p<0.05). 3 80.8%, 3 ~6 69.9%, 6 66.0% (p<0.05), 3 76.3%, 3 ~6 72.5%, 6 72.2% . 1~7 57.5%, 8~10 71.8%, 11 79.6% , (p<0.05)( 6).
6. ² χ % % 200 20 39 20 73.5 64.5 73.6 76.9 72 11 14 6 26.5 35.5 26.4 23.1 1.384 91 133 56 76.5 73.1 68.3 28 49 26 23.5 26.9 31.7 1.652 53 225 80.3 71.9 13 88 19.7 28.1 1.569 97 183 71.3 74.1 39 64 28.7 25.9 0.215 206 74 76.6 64.9 63 40 23.4 35.1 4.967 * 3 3~6 6 122 95 62 80.8 69.9 66.0 29 41 32 19.2 30.1 34.0 7.734* 3 3~6 6 74 116 83 76.3 72.5 72.2 23 44 32 23.7 27.5 27.8 0.569 1~7 8~10 11 27 56 113 57.5 71.8 79.6 20 22 29 42.6 28.2 20.4 9.007*
, , ,
, (odds ratio) .
40
40~50 2 (OR=2.04,
CI; 1.17-3.55) , 50~59 2.8 (OR=2.82, CI;
1.51-5.29), 60 2.3 (OR=2.33, CI; 1.02-5.30)
. 3.8
(OR=3.86, CI; 2.73-6.28)
. 1 2.7 (OR=2.71,
CI; 1.39-5.30), 2 3.5 (OR=3.58, CI; 2.07-6.19)
. 0.4 (OR=0.45, CI; 0.26-0.81) ( 7). ( 8). 0.5 (OR=0.57, CI; 0.35-0.91) . 3 3~6
0.5 (OR=0.55, CI; 0.32-0.95), 6 0.4 (OR=0.46, CI; 0.26-0.83)
,
OR CI(95%) ( ) 1.21 0.66-2.24 40 1.00 40~49 2.04 1.17-3.55 50~59 2.82 1.51-5.29 60 2.33 1.02-5.30 ( ) 3.86 2.37-6.28 1.00 1 2.71 1.39-5.30 2 3.58 2.07-6.19 1.00 1.06 0.60-1.88 0.45 0.26-0.81
8. OR CI(95%) 1.00 1.50 0.85-2.64 0.72 0.39-1.33 0.58 0.26-1.29 1.00 0.50 0.20-1.28 0.82 0.50-1.36 ( ) 1.22 0.78-1.92 100 1.00 100 ~200 1.31 0.62-2.75 200 ~300 1.39 0.64-3.02 300 1.10 0.46-2.66 100 1.00 100 ~200 1.15 0.38-3.51 200 ~300 1.26 0.42-3.78 300 0.78 0.26-2.37
OR CI(95%) 1.00 0.65 0.30-1.43 1.00 0.51-1.96 1.20 0.46-3.11 1.00 0.84 0.49-1.43 0.66 0.35-1.24 ( ) 0.63 0.33-1.21 ( ) 1.15 0.72-1.84 ( ) 0.57 0.35-0.91 3 1.00 3~6 0.55 0.32-0.95 6 0.46 0.26-0.83 3 1.00 3~6 0.82 0.46-1.47 6 0.81 0.43-1.50 11 1.00 8~10 0.62 0.34-1.24 1~7 0.35 0.17-0.70
4.
(173 , 45.2%), (96 , 25.0%). 333 (86.9%) , 321 (83.8%) . 280 (73.1%) , 103 (26.9%) . 82 (21.4%) 301 (78.6%) , 44 (53.6%) . 195 (50.9%) 188 (49.1%) . 72 (37.1%) , 47 (23.7%), 30 (15.5%) ( 10).% 114 96 173 29.8 25.0 45.2 50 333 13.1 86.9 62 321 16.2 83.8 33 350 8.6 91.4 280 103 73.1 26.9 383 100.0 82 301 21.4 78.6 44 9 5 5 4 15 53.6 11.0 6.1 6.1 4.9 18.3 82 100.0 195 188 50.9 49.1 47 30 72 5 12 29 23.7 15.5 37.1 2.6 6.2 14.9 195 100.0
.
Ⅳ
. 383 371 (96.9%) , . 280 (75.5%) , 18 (5.1%), 17 (4.6%), 9 (2.4%), 4 (1.3%) . , , , , , , , . . , , ( , 2005). , , , (Johnson Ondrich, 1990; , 1999; , 2003) . . , . (33.4%), (28.7%), (17.6%) 80% (8.6%), (6.9%), (5.2%) 20% 1/4 , , ․ ( , 1999) .
3 3~6 0.5 (OR=0.55,
CI; 0.32-0.95), 6 0.4 (OR=0.46, CI; 0.26-0.83)
.
, ,
3 3~6 0.4
(OR=0.35, CI; 0.16-0.76), 6 0.3 (OR=0.26, CI;
0.11-0.61) , . ( , 2008) . 0.5 (OR=0.57, CI; 0.35-0.91) . . , ․
85% . (91.4%) (73.1%) , ( , 2003; , 2001) . 21.4% , ․ , . , (50.9%) , 60% , .
. , (response bias) . , . , . . , ․ .
, 96.9% , 75.5% . , , , , . . , , . , , , , , , , , . , , . .
, . . , 2008 , , . , 1997; 3: 121-138 , , , , , . . , 2001 . . . 1998 . . , 2003 , . , 2007; 17(1): 69-99 , , . . . 2008 . . , 2003 . . . 2001
, 2001: 9-38
. , 2007
. , 1996
Kaplan SP. Adaptation following serious brain injury: An assessment
after one year, Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling
1988;19(3):3-8
Johnson WG, Ondrich J. The duration of post-injury absence from work. The Review of Economics and Statistics 1990
Holahan CJ, Moos RH. Personality, coping, and family resources in stress resistance: A longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1986;51(2):389-395
Dembe A. Social inequalities in occupational health and health care for
work-related injuries and illnesses. Int J Law Psychiatry
1999;22:567
Strunin L, Boden L. Family consequences of chronic back pain. Soc Sci Med 2004;58:1385-1393
Dawson S. Workers compensation in Pennsylvania: The effects of delayed contested cases. J Health Soc Policy 1994;6:87-100
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